CN214506880U - Output voltage adjustable current expansion circuit, control system and electric appliance - Google Patents
Output voltage adjustable current expansion circuit, control system and electric appliance Download PDFInfo
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- CN214506880U CN214506880U CN202120825151.6U CN202120825151U CN214506880U CN 214506880 U CN214506880 U CN 214506880U CN 202120825151 U CN202120825151 U CN 202120825151U CN 214506880 U CN214506880 U CN 214506880U
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Abstract
The utility model provides an output voltage adjustable expands class circuit, control system and electrical apparatus, output voltage adjustable expands class circuit and includes input power supply, output port, connects regulating circuit between input power supply and the output port, regulating circuit includes: the voltage-regulating circuit comprises a divider resistor connected with the output port in parallel, a power supply module for providing reference voltage for one end of the divider resistor, and a transformation module for providing adjustable voltage for the other end of the divider resistor, wherein the transformation module is used for regulating the output voltage of the output port by changing the size of the adjustable voltage. Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses accessible PWM signal provides variable voltage, and the PWM signal can pass through MCU output to realized realizing output voltage's control through MCU.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model relates to a control system, especially an output voltage adjustable expand a class circuit, control system and electrical apparatus.
Background
In some control systems, it is often necessary to generate a voltage with an adjustable output, and the output current is also required to be relatively large, and it is currently common practice to adjust the output voltage by adjusting resistors R1 and R2 using a voltage-stabilized power supply LM 317.
Referring to fig. 1, this way: the output voltage of the power supply can be calculated using the formula Vo =1.25 (1 + R2/R1). The resistance values of R1 and R2 can be set arbitrarily from the viewpoint of the formula itself. However, as the output voltage calculation formula of the regulated power supply, the resistance values of R1 and R2 cannot be set arbitrarily. The output voltage of the first 317 voltage stabilization block varies in the range Vo = 1.25V-37V, so the ratio of R2/R1 can only range from 0 to 28.6. Secondly, the 317 voltage stabilizing blocks all have a minimum stable working current, and the value of the minimum stable working current is generally 1.5 mA. When the output current of the 317 block is less than its minimum stable operating current, the 317 block will not operate properly. When the output current of the 317 voltage stabilization block is larger than the minimum stable working current, the 317 voltage stabilization block can output stable direct current voltage.
Because the parallel bleeder resistor can not change with the change of the output voltage, if it is to be guaranteed that the output current of the 317 voltage stabilization block is larger than the minimum stable working current when the output voltage is 1.25V, the current flowing through the bleeder resistor is too large when the output voltage of the 317 voltage stabilization block is 37V, so that the electric energy is wasted, and the burden of the 317 voltage stabilization block is increased, which is not a proper method. In application, in order to stably operate the circuit, a diode is generally connected as a protection circuit to prevent the high voltage bar 317 from burning out when the capacitor in the circuit is discharged.
Meanwhile, due to the adoption of a resistance adjustment mode, a controllable digital potentiometer is required to be used as an adjustable resistor, and meanwhile, due to the limitation of the power supply input voltage of the digital potentiometer, the voltage of the resistor end of the digital potentiometer is also influenced, so that the adjustable output voltage range is influenced.
Therefore, how to design an output voltage adjustable current expanding circuit, a control system and an electric appliance, and to cancel a digital potentiometer as an adjustable resistor, so as to avoid the output voltage from being affected is a technical problem to be solved urgently in the industry.
SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL
Adopt digital potentiometer as adjustable resistance among the prior art to make output voltage receive the technical problem of influence, the utility model provides an output voltage adjustable expands class circuit, control system and electrical apparatus.
The technical scheme of the utility model for, a output voltage adjustable current expanding circuit is proposed, include input power supply, output port, connect regulating circuit between input power supply and the output port, regulating circuit includes: the voltage-regulating circuit comprises a divider resistor connected with the output port in parallel, a power supply module for providing reference voltage for one end of the divider resistor, and a transformation module for providing adjustable voltage for the other end of the divider resistor, wherein the transformation module is used for regulating the output voltage of the output port by changing the size of the adjustable voltage.
Furthermore, a triode is connected between the input power supply and the output port, a collector of the triode is connected with the input power supply, an emitter of the triode is connected with the output port, the power supply module comprises a fourth resistor and a voltage-regulator tube, one end of the fourth resistor is connected with the same level as the input power supply, the other end of the fourth resistor is connected with the voltage-regulator tube, and the other end of the voltage-regulator tube is grounded; the voltage stabilizing tube further comprises an output pin connected to one end of the divider resistor, and the output pin provides reference voltage for the divider resistor.
Furthermore, the voltage dividing resistor comprises a first resistor, a second resistor and a third resistor, one end of the first resistor is connected between an emitter and an output port of the triode, the other end of the first resistor is sequentially connected in series with the second resistor and the third resistor and then grounded, the power supply module is connected between the first resistor and the second resistor, and the voltage transformation module is connected between the second resistor and the third resistor;
the voltage transformation module adjusts the voltage on the second resistor by changing the size of the adjustable voltage so as to change the voltage division of the first resistor and the third resistor, thereby adjusting the output voltage.
Further, the voltage transformation module comprises an input pin for providing a PWM signal and a filter capacitor for filtering the PWM signal to obtain an adjustable voltage, and the input pin is connected to the MCU and provides the PWM signal through the MCU.
Further, an optical coupler for signal isolation is further arranged between the signal input pin and the voltage dividing resistor.
Further, the output voltage is: vout = [ (Vref-Vpwm)/R2] (R1+ R2+ R3);
wherein Vout is an output voltage, Vref is a reference voltage, Vpwm is an adjustable voltage, and R1, R2, and R3 are resistances of the first resistor, the second resistor, and the third resistor, respectively.
Furthermore, the voltage dividing resistor comprises a plurality of resistors which are sequentially connected in series, and the power supply module and the voltage transformation module are respectively connected to two ends of any resistor;
the voltage transformation module adjusts the voltage of a resistor connected between the power supply module and the voltage transformation module by changing the size of the adjustable voltage, so that the voltage division of the resistor connected in series with the voltage transformation module is changed, and the output voltage is adjusted.
Further, the reference voltage is determined according to the characteristics of the voltage regulator tube, and the reverse breakdown voltage of the voltage regulator tube is the reference voltage.
The utility model also provides a control system, control system adopts above-mentioned output voltage adjustable to expand a class circuit.
The utility model also provides an electrical apparatus, electrical apparatus adopts above-mentioned control system.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses following beneficial effect has at least:
accessible PWM signal regulation output voltage's size, PWM signal sends through MCU, has realized adjusting output voltage through MCU to the problem that adopts digital potentiometer to lead to among the prior art has been avoided, and simultaneously, the electric current scope of output is influenced by triode parameter, can realize heavy current output through the great triode of electric current that sets up.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the embodiments or the prior art descriptions will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art to obtain other drawings without inventive labor.
Fig. 1 is a circuit diagram of a current spreading circuit in the prior art;
FIG. 2 is a schematic block diagram of the output voltage adjustable current expanding circuit of the present invention;
fig. 3 is a circuit diagram of the current expanding circuit with adjustable output voltage of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problem, technical solution and advantageous effects to be solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the following description is given in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments to illustrate the present invention in further detail. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the invention and are not intended to limit the invention.
Thus, a feature indicated in this specification will serve to explain one of the features of an embodiment of the invention, and not to imply that every embodiment of the invention must have the described feature. Further, it should be noted that this specification describes many features. Although some features may be combined to show a possible system design, these features may also be used in other combinations not explicitly described. Thus, the combinations illustrated are not intended to be limiting unless otherwise specified.
The principles and structure of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and examples.
Referring to fig. 1, in the prior art, a resistance adjustment method is adopted for voltage adjustment, which requires a controllable digital potentiometer as an adjustable resistor, and since the voltage at the resistor end of the digital potentiometer is limited by the power supply input voltage of the digital potentiometer, the adjustable output voltage range is affected. The utility model discloses an idea lies in, provides one kind through the expanding flow circuit of PWM signal regulation voltage to avoid adopting the various problems that the numerical value potentiometre produced.
Referring to fig. 2, the present invention includes an input power source, an output port, and an adjusting circuit connected between the input power source and the output port, wherein the adjusting circuit includes: the voltage-regulating circuit comprises a divider resistor connected with the output port in parallel, a power supply module for providing reference voltage for one end of the divider resistor, and a voltage transformation module for providing adjustable voltage for the other end of the divider resistor, wherein the voltage transformation module is used for regulating the output voltage of the output port by changing the size of the adjustable voltage.
The reference voltage is provided through the power supply module, the power supply module comprises a fourth resistor and a voltage-regulator tube, one end of the fourth resistor is connected with the same level with an input power supply, the other end of the fourth resistor is connected with the voltage-regulator tube, the other end of the voltage-regulator tube is grounded, the voltage-regulator tube is provided with an output pin connected with the voltage-dividing resistor, and the reference voltage is provided through the output pin. The operating characteristic of stabilivolt is for the voltage invariant at its reverse breakdown back both ends, maintains near breakdown voltage, works as the utility model discloses an expand class circuit during operation, the stabilivolt is in the state of reverse breakdown, and its output voltage maintains near breakdown voltage to provide the second resistance with it through output pin and can obtain stable reference voltage.
The divider resistor comprises a first resistor, a second resistor and a third resistor which are sequentially connected in series, one end of the first resistor is connected between an emitting electrode and an output port of the triode, the other end of the first resistor is grounded after being sequentially connected in series with the second resistor and the third resistor, the power supply module is connected between the first resistor and the second resistor, and the transformation module is connected between the second resistor and the third resistor, as can be seen from figure 2, after the power supply module and the transformation module are arranged, two ends of the second resistor respectively receive a downward reference voltage and an upward adjustable voltage, and because the reference voltage is not changed, a person skilled in the art can adjust the voltage on the second resistor by changing the size of the adjustable voltage, because the second resistor is in series connection with the first resistor and the third resistor, the voltage division of the resistor is related to the size of the resistor, when the voltage on the second resistor is changed, the voltage on the first resistor and the third resistor changes along with the change of the voltage, so that the output voltage also changes along with the change of the voltage, and the aim of adjusting the output voltage is fulfilled.
The voltage transformation module comprises an input pin for providing a PWM signal and a filter capacitor for filtering the PWM signal to obtain an adjustable voltage, and the input pin is connected to the MCU and provides the PWM signal through the MCU. The output voltage of the PWM is a voltage value of the PWM signal after being filtered by the capacitor, and is influenced by the pulse width and the amplitude of the PWM signal, and the variable output voltage can be obtained by adjusting the pulse width of the PWM signal under the condition of fixed amplitude. The PWM signal is generated by the MCU, and the MCU can obtain the output voltage which can be adjusted and expanded through a program algorithm, so that the MCU controls the output voltage.
The voltage value Vout = [ (Vref-Vpwm) ]/R2 × (R1+ R2+ R3) of the output voltage of the current spreading circuit. Wherein Vout is an output voltage, Vref is a reference voltage, Vpwm is a variable voltage, which is provided by a PWM signal, i.e., the output voltage of PWM, and R1, R2, and R3 are resistance values of the first resistor, the second resistor, and the third resistor, respectively. As can be seen from fig. 2, the voltages at the two ends of the second resistor are the reference voltage and the output voltage of PWM, so that the voltage across the second resistor is Vref-Vpwm, after the voltage across the second resistor is determined, the current flowing through the second resistor is (Vref-Vpwm)/R2 according to the ohm's law, since the first resistor, the second resistor and the third resistor are in series connection, it can be known from the characteristics of the series connection that the currents flowing through the first resistor, the second resistor and the third resistor are the same and are (Vref-Vpwm)/R2, and then the voltage at the emitter of the triode, i.e. the output voltage Vout = [ (Vref-Vpwm) ]/R2 (R1+ R2+ R3), can be calculated according to the ohm's law.
The PWM signal is input through a PWM input pin, and an optical coupler is arranged between the PWM input pin and the divider resistor and used for isolating the PWM input pin from the divider resistor. After keeping apart through the opto-coupler, the utility model discloses expand a class circuit and can keep apart with the circuit of PWM input pin, ensure the mutual independence of two circuits, mutually noninterfere to avoid expanding the influence of class circuit output to PWM signal input.
Please refer to fig. 3, which is a circuit diagram of the output voltage adjustable current expanding circuit of the present invention, wherein the resistor R4 is equivalent to a first resistor, the resistor R5 is equivalent to a second resistor, the resistor R6 and the resistor R7 are equivalent to a third resistor, one end of the resistor R4 is connected between the emitter and the output port of the transistor Q1, and the other end is sequentially connected to the resistor R5, the resistor R6 and the resistor R7 in series and then grounded. VCC-IN is voltage input and is connected to a collector of a triode Q1, resistors R1, R2 and R3 are equivalent to a fourth resistor, the three resistors are connected IN parallel and then are connected between VCC-IN and a pin 1 of a voltage regulator tube Z1, the pin 1 of the voltage regulator tube Z1 is also connected to a base of the triode Q1, a pin 2 is connected between the resistor R4 and the resistor R5, and a pin 3 is grounded. The PWM-IN is a PWM input pin and is used for inputting PWM signals, the PWM-IN and the resistor R9 are connected to the optocoupler and are isolated from the regulating circuit through the optocoupler, and the capacitor C4 is connected to two ends of a pin 3 and a pin 4 of the optocoupler and is used for filtering the PWM signals to obtain output voltage Vpwm of the PWM signals.
As can be seen from fig. 3, when the current spreading circuit operates, the input power supplies a voltage to the regulator tube Z1, so that the regulator tube Z1 breaks down in the reverse direction, and when the regulator tube Z1 is turned on, the transistor Q1 is also turned on, so as to provide an output voltage. Meanwhile, pin 2 of the regulator tube Z1 provides a reference voltage, and it can be known from the characteristics of the regulator tube that after reverse breakdown, the voltage will be maintained at the breakdown voltage, which is also the reference voltage Vref.
Therefore, the voltage across the resistor R5 is the downward reference voltage Vref and the upward adjustable voltage Vpwm, so the voltage across the resistor R5 can be calculated to be Vref-Vpwm. The current flowing through the resistor R5 can be calculated to be (Vref-Vpwm)/R5 according to ohm's law, and thus the output voltage Vout = [ (Vref-Vpwm)/R5 ] (R4+ R5+ R6+ R7) is obtained.
J1, J2, J3 are binding post, are connected with the electrical apparatus through binding post and can provide input voltage or output operating voltage. The capacitor C1 is connected to two ends of a voltage regulator tube Z1, and the capacitor C2 is connected to two ends of the resistor R5 and the resistor R7, and is used for filtering, so that the output voltage is more stable. Breakdown voltage of stabilivolt is decided according to its self characteristic, the utility model discloses the model of well stabilivolt adopts AIC431, and its breakdown voltage is 1.25V, and the reference voltage that also provides is 1.25V.
As can be seen from fig. 2 or fig. 3, the current flowing out from the input voltage must flow into the output port after passing through the transistor, the maximum output voltage of the transistor is influenced by the transistor parameters, and the required output current range can be obtained by selecting the appropriate transistor, so as to obtain the required current.
The utility model discloses an in other embodiments, can also cancel the setting of first resistance and third resistance, can directly reach the voltage at second resistance both ends like this and also output voltage. Similarly, a plurality of resistors may be connected in series, and the power supply module and the voltage transformation module may be connected to both ends of any one of the resistors, and taking the second resistor as an example, since the current flowing through the second resistor is (Vref-Vpwm)/R2, the current is not related to the number of resistors connected in series, and finally the number of resistors connected in series is used to determine the multiplying factor of the voltage increase. Under the condition that the output voltage of the PWM is not changed, the more resistors are arranged in series, the larger the resistance value of the resistors in series is, and the higher the magnification of the output voltage is compared with (Vref-Vpwm). The person skilled in the art can adjust the number of the resistors connected in series according to the voltage output by actual needs, so as to obtain different output voltage requirements.
Compared with the prior art, the utility model discloses can adjust output voltage through the PWM signal, the PWM signal can provide through MCU simultaneously to the realization carries out output voltage's purpose through MCU, has avoided the problem that the mode that adopts resistance adjustment exists among the prior art. Meanwhile, the output maximum current is determined according to the parameters of the triode, and the triode is arranged, so that high-current output can be realized, and the method and the device can be suitable for application occasions of high-current output.
The utility model also provides a control system, control system adopts above-mentioned output voltage adjustable to expand a class circuit.
The utility model also provides an electrical apparatus, electrical apparatus adopts above-mentioned control system.
The above is only the part or the preferred embodiment of the present invention, no matter the characters or the drawings can not limit the protection scope of the present invention, all under the whole concept of the present invention, the equivalent structure transformation performed by the contents of the specification and the drawings is utilized, or the direct/indirect application in other related technical fields is included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. An output voltage adjustable current expanding circuit, which comprises an input power supply, an output port and a regulating circuit connected between the input power supply and the output port, wherein the regulating circuit comprises: the voltage-regulating circuit comprises a divider resistor connected with the output port in parallel, a power supply module for providing reference voltage for one end of the divider resistor, and a transformation module for providing adjustable voltage for the other end of the divider resistor, wherein the transformation module is used for regulating the output voltage of the output port by changing the size of the adjustable voltage.
2. The current expanding circuit with the adjustable output voltage as claimed in claim 1, wherein a triode is further connected between the input power supply and the output port, a collector of the triode is connected with the input power supply, an emitter of the triode is connected with the output port, the power supply module comprises a fourth resistor and a voltage regulator tube, one end of the fourth resistor is connected to the same level as the input power supply, the other end of the fourth resistor is connected with the voltage regulator tube, and the other end of the voltage regulator tube is grounded; the voltage stabilizing tube further comprises an output pin connected to one end of the divider resistor, and the output pin provides reference voltage for the divider resistor.
3. The output voltage adjustable current expanding circuit according to claim 2, wherein the voltage dividing resistor includes a first resistor, a second resistor and a third resistor, one end of the first resistor is connected between the emitter and the output port of the triode, the other end of the first resistor is connected in series with the second resistor and the third resistor in sequence and then grounded, the power supply module is connected between the first resistor and the second resistor, and the transforming module is connected between the second resistor and the third resistor;
the voltage transformation module adjusts the voltage on the second resistor by changing the size of the adjustable voltage so as to change the voltage division of the first resistor and the third resistor, thereby adjusting the output voltage.
4. The output voltage adjustable current expanding circuit according to claim 1, wherein the transforming module comprises an input pin for providing a PWM signal, and a filter capacitor for filtering the PWM signal to obtain an adjustable voltage, the input pin is connected to the MCU and provides the PWM signal through the MCU.
5. The output voltage adjustable current expanding circuit according to claim 4, wherein an optical coupler for signal isolation is further arranged between the signal input pin and the voltage dividing resistor.
6. The output voltage adjustable current expanding circuit according to claim 2, wherein the output voltage is: vout = [ (Vref-Vpwm)/R2] (R1+ R2+ R3);
wherein Vout is an output voltage, Vref is a reference voltage, Vpwm is an adjustable voltage, and R1, R2, and R3 are resistances of the first resistor, the second resistor, and the third resistor, respectively.
7. The output voltage adjustable current expanding circuit according to claim 1, wherein the voltage dividing resistor comprises a plurality of resistors connected in series in sequence, and the power supply module and the transforming module are respectively connected to two ends of any one of the resistors;
the voltage transformation module adjusts the voltage of a resistor connected between the power supply module and the voltage transformation module by changing the size of the adjustable voltage, so that the voltage division of the resistor connected in series with the voltage transformation module is changed, and the output voltage is adjusted.
8. The output voltage adjustable current expanding circuit according to claim 2, wherein the reference voltage is determined according to the characteristics of the regulator tube, and the reverse breakdown voltage of the regulator tube is the reference voltage.
9. The control system is characterized in that the control system adopts the output voltage adjustable current expanding circuit as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8.
10. An appliance, characterized in that the appliance employs a control system according to claim 9.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN202120825151.6U CN214506880U (en) | 2021-04-21 | 2021-04-21 | Output voltage adjustable current expansion circuit, control system and electric appliance |
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| CN202120825151.6U CN214506880U (en) | 2021-04-21 | 2021-04-21 | Output voltage adjustable current expansion circuit, control system and electric appliance |
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| CN214506880U true CN214506880U (en) | 2021-10-26 |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113098266A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-07-09 | 格力电器(南京)有限公司 | Output voltage adjustable current expansion circuit, control system and electric appliance |
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- 2021-04-21 CN CN202120825151.6U patent/CN214506880U/en active Active
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN113098266A (en) * | 2021-04-21 | 2021-07-09 | 格力电器(南京)有限公司 | Output voltage adjustable current expansion circuit, control system and electric appliance |
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