CN211702966U - Centrifugal high-speed seed sowing device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model particularly relates to a centrifugal high-speed seed metering ware has solved the seeding of current broadcast sowing formula seed metering ware and has had the problem that seeding quality is poor and inefficiency. A seed sowing wheel is arranged between the left support frame and the right support frame, and a seed limiting box and a seed sowing hole are arranged in the seed sowing wheel; the seed blocking sleeve is sleeved on the seed discharging wheel, a seed protecting hole is formed in the seed blocking sleeve, a seed discharging shell is sleeved on the seed blocking sleeve, and a seed outlet hole is formed in the lower end of the seed discharging shell; the right end of the seed blocking sleeve is provided with an adjusting disc, a seed conveying pipe is arranged between the seed box and the seed limiting box, the center of the left end of the seed discharging wheel is provided with a seed discharging shaft, and the left end part of the seed discharging shaft is provided with a seed discharging chain wheel. The utility model discloses promote the seeding quality by a wide margin, improved seeding efficiency moreover.

Description

A centrifugal high-speed seed meter

technical field

The utility model relates to the field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a seed metering device for a planter, in particular to a centrifugal high-speed seed metering device.

Background technique

Small and medium grain crops (such as buckwheat) have shallow roots and short growth periods, so the traditional way of planting small and medium grain crops is broadcasting. The seeds sown are disorganized and have certain advantages in preventing lodging, but they are not conducive to mechanized harvesting, and management is labor-intensive and time-consuming.

The most important part of the seeder is the seed meter, which can be divided into sowing, drilling and on-demand according to the planting mode. Spreading planters affect the coefficients of seeds to a large extent, and the sowing efficiency is low.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The utility model provides a centrifugal type high-speed seed meter in order to solve the problems of poor sowing quality and low efficiency in the prior sowing type seed meter.

The utility model is realized by adopting the following technical solutions: a centrifugal high-speed seed metering device comprises a seed box, a left support frame and a right support frame distributed left and right, and a seed metering wheel is arranged between the left support frame and the right support frame, The shape of the cavity sidewall inside the seeding wheel is two conical surfaces distributed left and right, and the seeding wheel is provided with a seed limiting box that fits with its lower sidewall and has an open lower end, and the cone angle of each cone surface is open. There are seed metering holes that are evenly distributed and corresponding to the left and right directions; the seed metering wheel is covered with a seed resistance sleeve that fits with its clearance, the seed protection sleeve is provided with a seed protection hole corresponding to the position of the seed metering hole, and the seed resistance sleeve is sleeved with Seed metering housing with a clearance fit and an open right end surface, the left side wall of the seed metering housing is bolted to the left support frame, and the lower end of the seed metering housing is provided with seed holes corresponding to the left and right positions of the seed protection holes ; The right end of the seed resistance sleeve is provided with an adjusting plate which is clamped to it and connected with the seed wheel bolt, the seed box and the seed limiting box are provided with a seed feeding pipe that communicates with the two, and the center of the left end of the seed meter wheel is provided with a A seed metering sprocket is arranged at the left end of the seed metering shaft connected to it.

When the seeding operation is performed, the driving mechanism drives the seeding sprocket to rotate, and then drives the seeding shaft and the seeding wheel to rotate in turn. At the same time, the seeds enter the seed-restricting box from the seed box through the seed conveying pipe, and then the seeds fall into the seed-restricting box. The space formed by the box and the seeding wheel rotates. During the rotation, the seeds are pressed into the seeding hole by centrifugal force and rotate with the seeding wheel to complete the seeding; due to the centrifugal force, the seeds are pressed into the seed protection hole. Carry out seed protection; when the seeds are transferred to the position of the seed outlet, due to the lack of the support of the seeding shell, the seeds complete the process of seeding through the seed outlet under the action of centrifugal force; during the rotation of the seeding wheel, The excess seeds near the seeding holes are scraped off by the seed limiting box, so when the centrifugal force is large enough, the number of seeds discharged is the seeds in the seeding holes. It overcomes the problems of poor seeding quality and low efficiency in the existing seeding-type seed metering device.

A seed feeding shaft is arranged at the center of the right end of the seeding wheel, and a sealed bearing is arranged between the seeding shaft and the adjusting disc, which is close to the adjusting disc. The spring retaining ring on the top of the seed feed shaft is sleeved with a shaft sleeve that fits with clearance and is close to the inner ring of the sealed bearing, and the shaft sleeve and the right support frame are connected by bolts.

The structural design ensures that the seeds enter the rotating seeding wheel through the adjustment disc, and the seeding tube remains stationary.

The number of seed protection holes in the circumferential direction of the seed blocking sleeve is three, six or twelve, the right side wall of the seed blocking sleeve is evenly distributed with a number of card grooves, and the adjustment disc is provided with a card block matched with the card grooves .

The seed blocking cover selects different numbers of seed protection holes, and the number of seeds discharged can be changed by rotating the seed blocking cover, so as to match the forward speed of different tractors and adjust the displacement; It becomes a whole to achieve synchronous rotation, and it is easy to split.

The right end face of the seed metering wheel is provided with a circular hole, the middle part of the left end surface of the seed metering wheel is provided with a cylindrical sleeve which is integral with it and extends inward, and the inner end of the cylindrical sleeve is fixed with a transmission sleeve matched with the seed metering shaft; The middle part of the left end face of the seed housing is provided with a cylindrical sleeve I integral with it and extending inwardly. The cylinder I is provided with a limit snap ring that is close to the left and right side walls of the bearing.

The length of the seed outlet is 39mm, the central angle corresponding to the seed hole is 30°, and the position angle corresponding to the seed hole is 20°.

The condition for the seed not to touch the other side of the seed mouth after being thrown is:

where:

t - time of movement (s) when the seeds are discharged;

R-seeding wheel radius (mm);

H-thickness of the resistance sleeve (mm);

l-seed length (mm);

ω-seed rotation speed (rad/s);

θ-The central angle (°) corresponding to the seed hole;

h-shell thickness (mm);

Conditions to be met for the length of the seed hole:

In the formula: Δθ - the position angle corresponding to the seed hole;

By calculation: L=39mm, where θ=30°, Δθ=20°.

The utility model has a reasonable and reliable structure design, utilizes centrifugal force to evenly sow the seeds into the field, greatly improves the sowing quality, and realizes the high-speed sowing of the seeds, reduces the labor cost, improves the sowing efficiency, and satisfies the consistency of the row displacement of the seeds. The coefficient of variation of the performance, the coefficient of variation of the total displacement consistency and the crushing rate are in line with the performance index requirements.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the seeding wheel in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the blocking sleeve in Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of the adjustment disk in Fig. 1;

FIG. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of the seed metering housing in FIG. 1 .

In the picture: 1-seed box, 2-left support frame, 3-right support frame, 4-seed metering wheel, 5-seed limit box, 6-seed metering hole, 7-seeding resistance cover, 8-seed protection hole, 9- Seed metering shell, 10- Seed outlet hole, 11- Adjustment disc, 12- Seed feeding pipe, 13- Seed metering shaft, 14- Seed metering sprocket, 15- Seed feeding shaft, 16- Sealed bearing, 17- Spring retaining ring, 18-shaft sleeve, 19-card groove, 20-block, 21-round hole, 22-cylindrical sleeve, 23-transmission sleeve, 24-cylindrical sleeve I, 25-bearing, 26-limit Bit snap ring.

Detailed ways

A centrifugal high-speed seed metering device, comprising a seed box 1 and a left support frame 2 and a right support frame 3 distributed on the left and right sides, a seed metering wheel 4 is arranged between the left support frame 2 and the right support frame 3, and the inside of the seed metering wheel 4 The shape of the side wall of the cavity is two conical surfaces distributed left and right, and the seed metering wheel 4 is provided with a seed limiting box 5 that fits with its lower side wall and has an open lower end. Seed metering holes 6 arranged in the cloth and corresponding to the left and right directions;

Seed metering wheel 4 is covered with a seed blocking sleeve 7 which is clearance fit with it. The seed blocking sleeve 7 is provided with a seed protection hole 8 corresponding to the position of the seed metering hole 6. Seed metering housing 9 with open structure, the left side wall of seed metering housing 9 is bolted to left support frame 2, and the lower end of seed metering housing 9 is provided with seed outlet holes 10 corresponding to the left and right positions of seed protection holes 8;

The right end of the seed resistance sleeve 7 is provided with an adjusting plate 11 which is clamped to it and bolted to the seed metering wheel 4. Between the seed box 1 and the seed limiting box 5, there is a seed transmission pipe 12 that communicates with the two. The seed metering wheel 4 A seed metering shaft 13 connected to it is arranged at the center of the left end of the seed metering shaft 13 , and a seed metering sprocket 14 is arranged at the left end of the seed metering shaft 13 .

A seed feeding shaft 15 is arranged at the center of the right end of the seed metering wheel 4, a sealed bearing 16 is arranged between the seed feeding shaft 15 and the adjustment disc 11, and is closely attached to the adjustment disc 11. The spring retaining ring 17 is clamped on the seed feeding shaft 15. The seed feeding shaft 15 is sleeved with a shaft sleeve 18 which is clearance fit and is closely attached to the inner ring of the sealing bearing 16. The shaft sleeve 18 is connected with the right support frame 3 by bolts.

The number of seed protection holes in the circumferential direction of the seed blocking sleeve 7 is three, six or twelve. The right side wall of the seed blocking sleeve 7 is evenly distributed with a number of clamping grooves 19, and the adjustment disk 11 is provided with the clamping grooves. 19. The matching block 20.

The right end face of the seed metering wheel 4 is provided with a circular hole 21 , and the middle part of the left end surface of the seed metering wheel 4 is provided with a cylindrical sleeve 22 which is integral with it and extends inwardly. The middle of the left end face of the seed metering housing 9 is provided with a cylindrical sleeve I24 integral with it and extending inwardly, the cylindrical sleeve I24 is located inside the cylindrical sleeve 22, and the cylindrical sleeve I24 is provided with a sleeve The bearing 25 on the seed-metering shaft 13 and the cylindrical sleeve I24 are provided with limit snap rings 26 that are close to the left and right side walls of the bearing 25 .

The length of the seed outlet 10 is 39 mm, the central angle corresponding to the seed outlet 10 is 30°, and the position angle corresponding to the seed outlet 10 is 20°.

In the specific implementation process, the centrifugal force received by the seeds in the seeding wheel 4 is:

F _distance =mω ² r=m(2πn) ² r;

where:

m-mass of seeds (g);

n-seeding shaft speed (r/min);

The ratio of centrifugal force to gravity is:

When Y≤1, the centrifugal force is less than or equal to the gravity. At this time, when the seed hole 6 turns to the top, all the seeds in it fall into the seed wheel 4 and the seeds cannot be discharged; when Y>1, the centrifugal force is greater than the gravity, Theoretically, the seeds in the seeding hole 6 can pass through the highest point of the seeding wheel 4, but in the test, when the centrifugal force is slightly greater than the gravity, the seeding effect is not good, especially the coefficient of variation of the discharge consistency of each row does not meet the requirements. When the rotating speed is 150r/min～190r/min, the centrifugal force can completely suppress the seeds, and the coefficient of variation of the displacement consistency of each row meets the requirements.

Claims (5)

1. A centrifugal high-speed seed sowing device is characterized in that: the seed sowing device comprises a seed box (1), a left support frame (2) and a right support frame (3) which are distributed left and right, wherein a seed sowing wheel (4) is arranged between the left support frame (2) and the right support frame (3), the side wall of a cavity inside the seed sowing wheel (4) is shaped into two conical surfaces which are distributed left and right, a seed limiting box (5) which is in clearance fit with the lower side wall of the seed sowing wheel and is provided with an opening at the lower end is arranged in the seed sowing wheel (4), and seed sowing holes (6) which are uniformly distributed and correspond to the left and right directions are;

the seed discharging wheel (4) is sleeved with a seed blocking sleeve (7) in clearance fit with the seed discharging wheel, a seed protecting hole (8) corresponding to the position of the seed discharging hole (6) is formed in the seed blocking sleeve (7), a seed discharging shell (9) in clearance fit with the seed blocking sleeve (7) and of which the right end face is of an open structure is sleeved on the seed blocking sleeve (7), the left side wall of the seed discharging shell (9) is connected with the left support frame (2) through a bolt, and the lower end of the seed discharging shell (9) is provided with a seed discharging hole (10) corresponding to the left position and the right position of the seed protecting hole (8);

the right end of the seed blocking sleeve (7) is provided with an adjusting disc (11) which is clamped with the seed blocking sleeve and is connected with the seed sowing wheel (4) through a bolt, a seed conveying pipe (12) which is communicated with the seed box (1) and the seed limiting box (5) is arranged between the seed box and the seed limiting box, the center of the left end of the seed sowing wheel (4) is provided with a seed sowing shaft (13) which is connected with the seed sowing shaft, and the left end part of the seed sowing shaft (13) is provided with a seed sowing chain wheel (.

2. A centrifugal high speed seed meter according to claim 1 wherein: the seed sowing wheel (4) is characterized in that a seed conveying shaft (15) is arranged at the center of the right end of the seed sowing wheel (4), a sealing bearing (16) tightly attached to the adjusting disc (11) is arranged between the seed conveying shaft (15) and the adjusting disc (11), a spring retainer ring (17) tightly attached to the sealing bearing (16) and clamped on the seed conveying shaft (15) is arranged on the left end face of the outer ring of the sealing bearing (16), a shaft sleeve (18) which is in clearance fit with the seed conveying shaft and tightly attached to the inner ring of the sealing bearing (16) is sleeved on the seed conveying shaft (15), and the shaft sleeve (18.

3. A centrifugal high speed seed meter according to claim 1 wherein: the number of the seed protection holes in the circumferential direction of the seed blocking sleeve (7) is three, six or twelve, a plurality of clamping grooves (19) are uniformly distributed on the right side wall of the seed blocking sleeve (7), and clamping blocks (20) matched with the clamping grooves (19) are arranged on the adjusting disc (11).

4. A centrifugal high speed seed meter according to claim 1 wherein: a circular hole (21) is formed in the right end face of the seed sowing wheel (4), a columnar sleeve (22) which is integrated with the seed sowing wheel (4) and extends inwards is arranged in the middle of the left end face of the seed sowing wheel (4), and a transmission sleeve (23) matched with the seed sowing shaft (13) is fixed at the inner end of the columnar sleeve (22); a columnar sleeve I (24) which is integrated with the seed discharging shell (9) and extends inwards is arranged in the middle of the left end face of the seed discharging shell, the columnar sleeve I (24) is positioned on the inner side of the columnar sleeve (22), a bearing (25) sleeved on the seed discharging shaft (13) is arranged in the columnar sleeve I (24), and a limiting snap ring (26) tightly attached to the left side wall and the right side wall of the bearing (25) is arranged on the columnar sleeve I (24).

5. A centrifugal high speed seed meter according to claim 1 wherein: the length of the seed outlet hole (10) is 39mm, the central angle corresponding to the seed outlet hole (10) is 30 degrees, and the position angle corresponding to the seed outlet hole (10) is 20 degrees.

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