CN100579355C - small seed metering device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a seed metering device for small seeds, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery spare parts. The top of the housing of the seed metering device is open, and the two sides of the opening extend downwards to the first and second inclined walls, which are gradually approaching, and the second inclined wall is equipped with a flexible brush; the horizontal shaft in the middle of the housing is equipped with a seed wheel. The outer circumference of the seeding wheel is evenly spaced around at least one circle of seeding holes, the seeding holes are formed by a cylinder intersecting the outer circle of the seeding wheel, and have a cavity that can accommodate two seeds of average particle size; the axis of the cylinder It is basically parallel to the tangent at the corresponding position of the seeding wheel, and the bottom surface of the cylinder is basically parallel to the normal at the corresponding position of the seeding wheel. The invention not only avoids missing seeds but also prevents seed jams with a reasonable structure, thereby ensuring the reliable realization of precise sowing, its mechanism is simple, and its processing technology is economical, so it is easy to be popularized and applied in the agricultural field.

Description

small seed metering device

technical field

The invention relates to a seed metering device, in particular to a seed metering device used on a direct-seeding machine for small seeds of rapeseed vegetables, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery.

Background technique

For a long time, crops such as rapeseed have adopted the sowing method of spreading seeds on the seedling field always. After the seedlings have grown to a certain height, they are transplanted into the field for planting. The problems of this traditional agronomy are that there are many processes, long operation time and labor intensive. For this reason, people have developed the live-broadcasting machine that will live-broadcast rapeseed in the field.

As far as the applicant knows, the existing rapeseed direct seeding machines usually use the "dilution method" for direct seeding, that is, the seeds are mixed with additives (such as sand) before sowing. In this method, because the seeds and additives are not easy to mix evenly, the uniformity of the seed arrangement in the field is poor, and segregation is likely to occur during the seeding process.

The search finds that the application number is 200410011100, the publication number is CN1596578, and the Chinese patent application titled "Precise Seed Meter with Combined Holes" discloses a precision seed meter, which consists of a housing, a seed wheel, and a seed meter. The shaft of the seed metering wheel is in sliding fit with the center hole of the housing, the side wall of the housing has a seed inlet connected with the seed box, and the outer edge of the seed metering wheel is equidistantly distributed with cylindrical filling holes and filling holes. Holes connected to each other. Its characteristic is that it can precisely sow large corn seeds and smaller soybean seeds at the same time without changing the seeding wheel.

The application number is 200620003548, the announcement number is CN2901823, and the name of the Chinese patent application for "a kind of internal groove wheel seed metering device" is mainly composed of a seed metering pipe, a seed feeding pipe, an inner groove seed metering wheel, and a seed collection bucket. , housing, seeding pipe shaft and other components. According to reports, when sowing small seeds (such as alfalfa and rapeseed), it has the characteristics of no leakage of seeds, no intermingling of seeds, and stable sowing rate.

In addition, the search also found that the Chinese patent application with application number 200710017665.3, publication number CN101027957, and name "Central Drive Forced Push Type and Half Mouth Seed Seed Metering Device" discloses a forced push type precision seed metering device, There is a precision seeding wheel in the seed metering device box. There are small seeding holes, medium seeding holes and large seeding grooves on the precision seeding wheel. The upper part of the precision seeding wheel has a leak-proof shaft, and the lower part has a small seed pusher. There are pusher teeth on the pusher wheel and the medium-grain pusher wheel, which are inscribed and engaged in the small-grain seeding holes and medium-grain seeding holes on the corresponding precision seeding wheel, and the seeding holes on the precision seeding wheel Make a blind hole, and the aperture and hole depth are about 2 times the particle diameter of the corresponding sown crop seed and slightly larger than the particle diameter. When precision seeding is performed, the precision seeding wheel rotates clockwise, and the seeds enter the seeding hole partly under the action of gravity. When the seeds outside the hole rotate to the upper part, they are blocked by the brush and stay in the seed chamber. The seeds in the hole It flows out when brought to the lower right part of the seed metering device shell, and the seeds that cannot flow out are pushed out by the pushing teeth engaged in the hole at the lower part to realize precision sowing.

Practice has proved that although the technical solutions disclosed in the above-mentioned patent applications have their own advantages, it is actually difficult to control the seeding rate at the 1.5-4.5 Between kg/ ^hm2 . Especially can't satisfy the accurate sowing requirement of every hole 1-2 seed. Even the above-mentioned precision seed metering device still has the same problem to a certain extent.

The applicant has conducted a relatively comprehensive study on the above-mentioned existing seed metering devices, and found that the hole for distributing seeds on the seed metering wheel is either in the shape of a ball socket or in the shape of a long groove, and often needs to be equipped with clearing and picking holes. And other devices, and for small seeds such as rapeseed, it is not an ideal seeding shape, it is easy to miss or get stuck, and the processing is relatively troublesome.

Contents of the invention

The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to propose a small seed metering device capable of realizing precise sowing of small rapeseed seeds in view of the above-mentioned problems in the prior art. The seed metering device should be simple in structure and easy to process, thereby facilitating popularization application.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the small seed metering device of the present invention includes a housing that is used to be attached to the direct seeding machine; A sloping wall, the second sloping wall is equipped with a flexible brush; the middle part of the housing supports a horizontal shaft, and a rotatable seeding wheel is installed on the horizontal shaft, and the two sides of the outer circle of the seeding wheel are respectively connected to the first The inclined wall is adjacent to the lower end of the flexible brush; the outer circumference of the seed metering wheel is evenly distributed with at least one circle of seeding holes, and the seed metering holes are formed by a cylinder intersecting with the outer circle of the seed metering wheel, and can accommodate two The cavity of the seed with an average particle size; the axis of the cylinder is basically parallel to the tangent at the corresponding position of the seed wheel, and the bottom surface of the cylinder is basically parallel to the normal at the corresponding position of the seed wheel; when the seed hole When the seeding wheel is at the uppermost position, one end of the cylindrical bottom surface of the seeding hole is close to the second inclined wall.

Like this, one end of the seed hole outline formed by the seed wheel circumference is nearly flat, and the other end is nearly oblong. When processing, it is very convenient to directly select a milling cutter with a suitable diameter to mill out one by one. During work, when the seeding wheel rotates, the seeding hole is exposed by the rotation of the first slanted wall with the seeding wheel, and can accept the fallen seeds, and make 1-2 seeds naturally accumulate near the flat end and form a cylindrical bottom surface The lowest position at the intersection with the arc surface, so as to avoid seed leakage; when continuing to rotate to the second inclined wall, the flexible brush can easily transfer the excess seeds along the inclined arc surface from the long oval tail of the seeding hole Swipe out to avoid card seeding. As a result, precise sowing of small seeds can be achieved when the seed wheel is rotated into the sowing position with the seed holes facing downwards.

It can be seen that the present invention not only avoids missing seeds but also prevents seed jams with a reasonable structure, thereby ensuring the reliable realization of precise sowing. Its mechanism is simple and its processing technology is economical, so it is easy to be popularized and applied in the agricultural field.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a preferred embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a top view of FIG. 1 .

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the seed wheel in the embodiment of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a sectional view taken along line A-A of Fig. 3 .

Fig. 5 is a partially enlarged schematic diagram of the position I in Fig. 4 .

Fig. 6 is a view from arrow C in Fig. 5 .

Detailed ways

Embodiment one

The small seed metering device of this embodiment is shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2, the top of the housing 1 is open, and it is used to be attached to the live broadcast machine during installation, and the first inclined walls 4 that are gradually approaching are extended downwards on both sides of the opening. And the second inclined wall 11. The middle part of the housing 1 supports a horizontal shaft 6 on which a rotatable seed wheel 2 is mounted. The lower part of the housing 1 forms a conjoined funnel cavity, and the lowermost end is equipped with a discharge hopper 3 . The lower side of the first inclined wall 4 forms a concave arc segment similar to the outer circle of the seed metering wheel 2, which is convenient for keeping the seeds on the upper part of the housing. Have waist-shaped long groove on the second inclined wall 11, by the bolt 8 that passes through long groove, fixed installation baffle plate 5 and flexible hairbrush 7, therefore can adjust the distance between baffle plate 5, flexible hairbrush 7 and the seeding wheel gap. Both sides of the outer circle of the seed metering wheel 2 are respectively adjacent to the lower end of the first inclined wall 4 and the flexible brush 7 .

As shown in FIG. 3 , FIG. 4 , FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 , the outer circumference of the seed metering wheel 2 is uniformly distributed with three seed metering holes 9 . The seeding hole 9 is formed by a cylinder intersecting the outer circle of the seeding wheel (actually processed by a cylindrical milling cutter), and has a chamber that can accommodate two seeds of average particle size. The cylindrical axis O is parallel to the tangent T at the corresponding position of the seeding wheel, the bottom surface F of the cylinder is parallel to the normal Q at the corresponding position of the seeding wheel, and one end of the outer profile of the formed seeding hole 9 is nearly flat, and the other One end approximately oblong. When the seeding hole 9 was at the uppermost position of the seeding wheel 2, the flat end formed by the cylindrical bottom surface of the seeding hole 9 was close to the second inclined wall 11, and the oblong end was close to the first inclined wall 4 (see FIG. 1).

The cross-section of the seed wheel 2 is shown in Figure 4. It consists of two inner and outer rings connected by webs. The inner ring is formed with a cross hole that penetrates the rotating shaft 6, so it has good strength and light weight.

Seed hole 9 as shown in Figure 5, formed by the milling cutter of diameter φ 6～8mm cutting into the inner 4mm depth of seed wheel 2 cylinder surface along the milling cutter axis and the direction perpendicular to seed wheel 2 radius. This special hole shape has been proved by tests to have the following characteristics: ①. Each hole can only accommodate 1 to 2 rapeseed seeds. ②. When the seeds are discharged, the seeds will not be blocked in the holes, so the cleaning and picking of the seeds by the seeding wheel 2 is convenient.

The state of use is shown in Figure 1. During seeding, the seeding wheel rotates clockwise under the drive of the seeding wheel shaft 6, and the upper cavity between the first inclined wall 4 and the second inclined wall 11 of the housing 1 is filled with seeds, which is located on the upper side. The opening of the seeding hole 9 of the cavity faces upwards and accommodates 1 to 2 seeds. When the seeding wheel 2 rotated through the second baffle plate 5, only the seeds that fell into the hole 9 could be transferred from the upper chamber to the funnel cavity with the hole 9, and the seeds exposed outside the seeding hole 9 would be caught by the second baffle plate 5. Working together with the flexible brush 7, the hole 9 for seeding is pushed out, and is retained in the upper cavity. After the seeding hole 9 and the seeds in it are transferred from the upper cavity to the lower funnel cavity, because the seeding hole 9 is opened downward, the seeds therein fall into the funnel cavity and are sown into the field along the discharge hopper 3 .

When the seeding wheel 2 is working, the axial installation position of the seeding wheel 2 on the seeding wheel shaft 6 can be changed according to the needs of the sowing amount, thereby adjusting the number of turns of the seeding wheel 2 in the seeding hole 9 in the casing (one circle , two circles or three circles) to adapt to the change of sowing amount.

The above-mentioned small seed metering device makes seeds fall into the receiving hopper at the same time interval and basically the same number of grains (1-2 grains), which significantly improves the sowing accuracy and uniformity compared with the existing seed metering device and stability.

In addition to the preferred embodiments described above, other variations of the invention are possible. For example: 1) the receiving and discharging hopper 3 can be removed, and the seeds directly fall into the field after leaving the holes 9; 2) the holes 9 can also be arranged at intervals in a spiral manner around the cylindrical surface of the seeding wheel 2; 3) the holes 9 are arranged along the seed row The axial direction of the wheels 2 can be arranged at unequal intervals; and so on. All technical solutions formed by equivalent replacement or equivalent transformation fall within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. a granule seed feed seed-sowing device comprises the housing that is used to be attached on the seed-sowing machine; Described case top is opened wide, and described unlimited place extends the first and second close gradually skew walls respectively downwards in both sides, on described second skew wall Flexible brush is housed; Described housing middle part support level axle is equipped with rotating seed wheel on the described trunnion axis, the cylindrical both sides of described seed wheel are contiguous with the lower end of first skew wall and Flexible brush respectively; The excircle of described seed wheel is characterized in that to even at least one circle seeding spaced apart hole: described seeding hole has the cavity volume that can hold two average grain diameter seeds by cylindrical formation of intersecting with the seed wheel cylindrical; Described columniform axis is substantially parallel with the tangent line of seed wheel corresponding position, and described columniform bottom surface is substantially parallel with the normal of seed wheel corresponding position; When the seeding hole was in the seed wheel uppermost position in fig-ure, cylindrical bottom one end in described seeding hole was near second skew wall; Have waist shape elongated slot on described second skew wall, plate washer and Flexible brush are installed by the bolt of passing elongated slot.

2. according to the described granule seed feed seed-sowing device of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the described first skew wall downside forms and the similar concave arc section of seed wheel cylindrical.

3. according to the described granule seed feed seed-sowing device of claim 2, it is characterized in that: described lower housing portion forms the funnel chamber of disjunctor, and hopper is housed bottom.

4. according to the described granule seed feed seed-sowing device of claim 3, it is characterized in that: described seed wheel is connected and composed by disc by inside and outside two circles, is shaped on the cross bore that penetrates rotating shaft in the described inner ring.

5. according to the described granule seed feed seed-sowing device of claim 4, it is characterized in that: described seeding hole is by the 4mm degree of depth postforming in the perpendicular direction incision seed wheel periphery of milling cutter axis and seed wheel radius of the milling cutter of diameter phi 6～8mm.

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