CN211406813U - Bevel gear type orchard ditching fertilizer applicator - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a bevel-tooth type orchard ditching and fertilizing machine, which comprises a machine tool frame mounted on a traveling device, and a ditching device and a fertilizing device installed on the machine tool frame. The ditching device comprises an input shaft and a fertilization device. A gearbox connected to the power output shaft of the traveling device, and two ditching cutter heads respectively fixed to the output shafts of the two coaxial lines of the gearbox, the outer circular surface of the ditching cutter head is fixed with a cone The rear of the ditching cutter head is provided with a soil-covering mechanism installed on the machine frame. The utility model adopts a bevel tooth type trench opener, which can effectively break small stones and hard soil blocks, mainly for orchards in hilly, mountainous and rocky areas, and greatly improves the quality of trenching and fertilization; the separable sub-frame can reduce the size of the whole machine. The size makes the structure simple and compact; and in the ditching operation without fertilization requirements, it is convenient to disassemble the split sub-frame, so that the entire machine can be turned into a ditching machine, which can complete the orchard ditching and burying operations, greatly improving the The versatility of the machine.

Description

A bevel tooth type orchard ditching fertilizer applicator

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of agricultural equipment, in particular to a bevel-tooth type orchard ditching and fertilizer applicator.

Background technique

At present, my country's fruit planting area and fruit output have ranked first in the world, becoming the third largest agricultural industry after grain and vegetables. With the continuous development of my country's economy, people's living standards continue to improve, and choices in daily life are more With diversity, people's demand for fruit increases. At the same time, with the further increase of orchard planting area, orchard planting requires a lot of labor, and most of the rural laborers go out to work, resulting in a labor shortage and a serious shortage of laborers engaged in orchard production. In order to cope with the shortage of labor and the need for mechanized production in the whole process of orchard planting, orchard production machinery should be vigorously developed.

Fruit tree fertilization is a link that requires a large amount of labor and low production efficiency in the entire production management process. At present, the ditching and fertilization of orchards in my country is mainly done manually, which is labor-intensive and costly. Low fertilization efficiency and failure to miss the farming season in time can easily lead to reduced yields in orchards; manual ditching and fertilization also have problems such as inconsistent ditch depth and uneven fertilization; fertilization that is too deep or too shallow cannot make effective use of fertilizers; unreasonable amount of fertilization It will lead to fruit tree yield reduction or root burning, and may also bring about the "sequelae" of excessive fertilization - soil compaction, which is not conducive to the planting of orchards, and causes great pollution to the environment. At present, the tree shape of fruit trees in my country is quite different due to different planting patterns and varieties. However, in order to make it easier to set fruit and fully absorb light, the planting size of the orchard is 2 × 4 m (plant spacing × row spacing). Later, adult fruit trees have larger crowns and bottom branches. Closer to the ground, the working line spacing is small. These factors make ditching and fertilization in orchards unfavorable for mechanized operations, so it is mainly done manually, and most orchards in hilly and mountainous areas have a lower degree of mechanization.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

Aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art, the utility model provides a bevel-tooth type orchard ditching and fertilizing machine, which solves the problems of inconsistent ditch depth and uneven fertilization during the artificial ditching and fertilization process in orchards, and improves the efficiency and work of ditching and fertilization. Quality, saving manpower and improving labor productivity, reducing labor intensity and production costs, helping fruit farmers to increase harvests and increasing production, are of great significance to the development of my country's fruit planting industry.

The utility model is realized through the following technical solutions, and provides a bevel-tooth type orchard ditching and fertilizing machine, which comprises a machine tool frame installed on the walking device, and a ditching device and a fertilization device installed on the machine tool frame. The ditching device includes a gearbox in which the input shaft is connected to the power output shaft of the traveling device, and two ditching cutter heads respectively fixed to the output shafts of the two coaxial lines of the gearbox. The outer surface of the cutter head is fixed with conical grooving teeth, and the rear of the grooving cutter head is provided with a soil covering mechanism installed on the machine frame.

This scheme drives the whole machine to walk through the traveling device, and provides power to the gearbox through the power output shaft of the traveling device, so as to drive the two grooving cutter discs to rotate, and the milling of the ground is ditched by the conical grooving teeth. The two ditching cutterheads are connected with the two coaxial output shafts of the gearbox, so that the two ditching cutterheads are arranged symmetrically on both sides of the gearbox, which offsets the lateral force generated during ditching and improves the stability of the equipment operation. The fertilizer is applied to the opened fertilizer ditch through the fertilizer application device, and the applied fertilizer is covered with soil through the soil covering mechanism, thereby improving the fertilizer application efficiency.

As an optimization, the implement frame includes a main frame for installing the gearbox and the ditching cutterhead, and a sub-frame for installing the soil covering mechanism, and the sub-frame is detachably connected to the main frame. In this optimized scheme, the machine frame is divided into a detachable sub-frame and a main frame, which facilitates the reduction of the size of the whole machine and makes the structure simple and compact; and it is convenient to disassemble the sub-frame during ditching operations without fertilization requirements. , so that the whole machine can be turned into a ditching machine, which can complete the orchard ditching and burying, greatly improving the versatility of the machine, improving the use efficiency and reducing the production cost.

As an optimization, the soil covering mechanism includes a connecting rod hinged with the auxiliary frame through a first lateral hinge shaft, and a soil covering device hinged with the connecting rod through a second lateral hinge shaft. The setting of this optimization scheme enables the connecting rod to rotate relative to the sub-frame, and the relative rotation between the soil cover and the connecting rod can effectively avoid the reduction of the soil covering effect caused by the fixed relative distance between the soil cover and the frame, thereby ensuring Fertilizer quality.

As an optimization, the soil cover includes a beam body through which the second transverse hinge shaft is passed, and soil cover plates fixed on both sides of the beam body, and the distance between the front edges of the two soil cover plates is greater than the distance between the rear edges. In this optimization plan, the two soil-covering slabs are set in a trapezoidal structure, the larger openings at the front end increase the soil wrapping area, and the smaller openings at the rear end enable the soil to be concentrated in the fertilizer ditch, thereby improving the soil-covering effect.

As an optimization, the beam body includes two beams and a longitudinal beam located between the two beams and fixed to the two beams at both ends. The connecting seat of the second transverse hinge shaft is passed through. The beam body of this optimization scheme meets the tensile strength requirements through the setting of the longitudinal beams, and the resistance strength requirements of the soil to the beam body when the soil is covered by the setting of the beams. By setting the connecting seat, it is convenient to connect with the connecting rod.

As an optimization, the grooving teeth on the same grooving cutter head are arranged in a helical staggered manner. The arrangement of the grooving teeth in the optimized scheme is more conducive to reducing the resistance of the ground to the grooving teeth and improving the operation efficiency.

As an optimization, the grooving teeth are tapered, and the diameter of one end away from the groove cutter head is smaller than the diameter of the other end. The setting of the grooving teeth in the optimized scheme reduces the contact area between the grooving teeth and the ground at the moment of soil breaking, and improves the sharpness of the grooving teeth.

As an optimization, the grooving cutter head includes a web that is coaxially fixed to the output shaft of the gearbox and a circular arc plate that is sleeved and fixed to the outer circle of the web. The outer surface of the circular arc plate is fixed with a Mount the mounting seat for the grooved teeth. In this optimization scheme, the ditching cutter head is set as a web structure, which reduces the moment of inertia of the cutter head and makes the machine more stable.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are as follows: the bevel tooth type trench opener can be used to effectively break small stones and hard soil blocks, mainly for orchards in hilly, mountainous and rocky areas, and greatly improve the quality of trenching and fertilization; The frame can reduce the size of the whole machine and make the structure simple and compact; and in the ditching operation without fertilization requirements, it is convenient to disassemble the split sub-frame, so that the whole machine can be turned into a ditching machine, which can complete orchard ditching The buried pipe operation greatly improves the versatility of the machine, improves the use efficiency and reduces the production cost.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of ditching cutter head;

Figure 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a bevel-type grooved tooth;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the profiling device;

5 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the fertilization device;

Fig. 6 is the structural representation of fertilizer discharger;

7 is a schematic structural diagram of a fertilizer guide;

Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the soil-covering device;

Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the soil cover;

Shown in the picture:

1. Grooving cutter head, 2. Grooving teeth, 3. Main frame, 4. Fertilizer box bracket, 5. Axle housing support, 6. Gear box, 7. Profile wheel, 8. Three-point suspension, 9. Fertilizer discharger, 10. Stepping motor, 11. Ditching cutter head shell, 12. Fertilizer box, 13. Sub-frame, 14. Connecting rod, 15. Soil cover, 16. Fertilizer guide.

Detailed ways

In order to clearly illustrate the technical features of the solution, the solution will be described below through specific implementations.

As shown in FIG. 1, a bevel-tooth type orchard ditching and fertilizing machine includes a machine frame installed on a walking device, and a ditching device and a fertilization device installed on the machine tool frame. The walking device in this embodiment is a tractor , the two ditching devices are symmetrically distributed on both sides of the machine.

The ditching device includes a gearbox 6 in which the input shaft is drivingly connected with the power output shaft of the traveling device, and two ditching cutter discs 1 which are respectively fixed to the output shafts of the two coaxial lines of the gearbox. The ditching cutter discs pass through. The bolts are connected with the output half shaft and the shaft end of the gearbox. The output half shaft is fixed in the middle of the two sides of the main frame through the half shaft shell support 5, and the ditching cutter disc is offset and symmetrically installed on both sides of the frame, so that the ditching operation is performed. At the same time, the lateral force of the ditching knife is balanced, and the machine is more stable during operation, thus ensuring that the fertilization ditch is not skewed and in the designated position, and the width and depth of the ditch are consistent, so as to obtain a better ditching and fertilizing effect. Grooving cutter head 1 has a grooved tooth mounting seat distributed on the outer circumference. The mounting seat is connected to the trenching cutter head by welding, and the grooved tooth 2 is fixedly installed in the mounting seat. The grooved teeth on the same trenching cutter head are in a spiral shape. Staggered arrangement. The grooving teeth are tapered, and the diameter of one end far away from the grooving cutter head is smaller than the diameter of the other end. Each grooving tooth is installed at different angles, and the structure is reliable.

The ditching cutter head includes a web fixed coaxially with the output shaft of the gearbox and a circular arc plate sleeved and fixed on the outer circle of the web, and the outer surface of the circular arc plate is fixedly connected to install the ditch tooth mount. The upper cover of the trenching cutterhead is provided with a trenching cutterhead housing 11, the trenching cutterhead housing is connected to both sides of the main frame by bolts, and the fertilizer box bracket is also connected to the trenching cutterhead housing by bolts, ensuring the trenching cutterhead housing. installation stability.

The tool frame includes a main frame 3 for installing the gearbox 6 and the ditching cutter head 1, and a sub-frame 13 for installing the soil covering mechanism. The sub-frame 13 is detachably connected to the main frame 3 by bolts, and the auxiliary frame 13 The rack connection is fixed on both sides of the rear of the main frame, which is convenient for disassembly and subsequent maintenance. The main frame 3 is connected to the three-point suspension device 8 by bolts, and the three-point suspension device is connected with the tractor, and the disassembly is simple and convenient. The cost.

A profiling wheel 7 is installed in the middle of the rear of the main frame. Under the action of the profiling wheel, the unit can adapt to the requirements of ditching and fertilization in orchards with different terrains, so as to ensure that the main frame does not contact the ground during operation, and prevent the unit from operating during operation. The fertilization ditch caused by the deviation is not in a straight line.

The rear of the ditching cutter head is provided with a soil covering mechanism installed on the machine frame. The soil covering mechanism includes a connecting rod 14 hinged with the auxiliary frame through the first lateral hinge shaft, and a soil covering device hinged with the connecting rod through the second lateral hinge shaft 15. The structure size of the soil cover is larger than the width of the ditch. The soil cover 15 includes a beam body through which the second transverse hinge shaft is passed, and soil cover plates fixed on both sides of the beam body, and the distance between the front edges of the two soil cover plates is greater than the distance between the rear edges. The beam body includes two beams and a longitudinal beam located between the two beams and fixed to the two beams at both ends, respectively, the ends of the two beams are respectively fixed to the earth-covering plate, and the front side of the beam located on the front side is fixedly connected through a second transverse beam. The connecting seat of the hinge shaft.

The fertilization device includes a fertilizer box 12, a fertilizer discharger 9, a driving device and a fertilizer box bracket 4. The fertilizer box of the fertilization device is installed on the middle and upper part of the main frame through the fertilizer box bracket, and the fertilizer box is fixedly connected with the fertilizer box bracket through bolts. The device is fixed on the bottom of the fertilizer box by bolts; the driving device is arranged on one side of the bracket of the fertilizer box by bolts, and the fertilizer guide pipe is installed on the auxiliary frame and is located in front of the soil cover. The two vertical outriggers at the front of the fertilizer box bracket are connected with the main frame by bolts, the rear structure is V-shaped, and the three outriggers are triangular in the top view direction. The fertilizer tank is installed over the rear of the entire implement, and the entire implement is balanced fore and aft when filled with fertilizer.

The whole bevel tooth type orchard ditching and fertilizing machine of this embodiment is connected to the tractor through a three-point suspension device. The power is transmitted from the rear power take-off shaft of the tractor to the gearbox of the ditching fertilizer spreader through the power take-off. Bevel-type grooved teeth are installed symmetrically on both sides of the cutter head. When the tractor pulls the unit to work, on the one hand, the ditching cutter head performs the milling movement while completing the cutting and throwing of soil, and at the same time, the fertilization ditch is formed under the milling action of the ditching teeth. The soil thrown by the ditching teeth bounces outwards onto the shell of the ditching cutter head, and most of it falls on both sides of the ditch, and a small part falls in the ditch, which does not affect subsequent fertilization operations; on the other hand, the fertilizer box is placed high on the Above the main frame, under the action of gravity and vibration of the unit, the fertilizer discharger driven by the stepping motor 10 falls into the pre-opened fertilizer ditch through the fertilizer guide to complete the precise fertilization operation. Then, the soil thrown out by the opener is backfilled into the ditch through the soil covering mechanism, and the entire ditch fertilization operation is completed. Aiming at the uneven fertilization amount caused by the slippage of the ground wheel during the operation of the ditching fertilizer spreader, it is proposed to use a stepper motor that can be precisely controlled to drive the fertilizer discharger, which can achieve precise fertilization and improve the quality of fertilization.

Of course, the above description is not limited to the above examples, and the undescribed technical features of the present invention can be realized by or using the existing technology, and will not be repeated here; the above embodiments and accompanying drawings are only used to illustrate the technology of the present invention. The solution is not intended to limit the present utility model. The present utility model is described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments. Those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that the Changes, modifications, additions or substitutions do not depart from the purpose of the present invention, and should also belong to the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (8)

1. The utility model provides a awl tooth formula orchard ditching fertilizer distributor which characterized in that: the ditching device comprises a machine frame arranged on a walking device, and a ditching device and a fertilizing device arranged on the machine frame, wherein the ditching device comprises a transmission case (6) in transmission connection with a power output shaft of the walking device through an input shaft, and two ditching cutter discs (1) fixedly connected with output shafts of two coaxial lines of the transmission case respectively, conical ditching teeth (2) are fixedly arranged on the outer circular surface of each ditching cutter disc (1), and a soil covering mechanism arranged on the machine frame is arranged at the rear of each ditching cutter disc.

2. The bevel-tooth orchard furrowing and fertilizing machine of claim 1, characterized in that: the machine frame comprises a main frame (3) provided with the gearbox (6) and the ditching cutter head (1) and an auxiliary frame (13) provided with the soil covering mechanism, and the auxiliary frame (13) is detachably connected with the main frame (3).

3. The bevel-tooth orchard furrowing and fertilizing machine of claim 2, characterized in that: the soil covering mechanism comprises a connecting rod (14) hinged with the auxiliary frame through a first transverse hinge shaft and a soil covering device (15) hinged with the connecting rod through a second transverse hinge shaft.

4. The bevel-tooth orchard furrowing and fertilizing machine of claim 3, characterized in that: the covering device (15) comprises a cross beam body penetrating through the second transverse hinge shaft and covering plates fixedly connected to two sides of the cross beam body, and the distance between the front edges of the two covering plates is larger than that between the rear edges of the two covering plates.

5. The bevel-tooth orchard furrowing and fertilizing machine of claim 4, characterized in that: the crossbeam body includes two crossbeams and is located between two crossbeams and the longeron of both ends respectively with two crossbeam rigid couplings, the tip of two crossbeams respectively with earthing board rigid coupling, the crossbeam leading flank rigid coupling that is located the front side wears to establish the connecting seat of second horizontal hinge.

6. The bevel-tooth orchard furrowing and fertilizing machine of claim 1, characterized in that: the ditching teeth on the same ditching cutter head are arranged in a spiral line-shaped staggered mode.

7. The bevel-tooth orchard furrowing and fertilizing machine of claim 6, characterized in that: the ditching tooth is conical, and the one end diameter of keeping away from the ditching blade disc is less than the other end diameter.

8. The bevel-tooth orchard furrowing and fertilizing machine of claim 7, characterized in that: the ditching cutter head comprises a web plate and an arc plate, wherein the web plate is coaxially and fixedly connected with the output shaft of the gearbox, the arc plate is fixedly connected to the outer circle of the web plate in a sleeved mode, and the outer surface of the arc plate is fixedly connected with a mounting seat for mounting the ditching teeth.

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