CN106416482A - Machine and tool with combined operations of deep scarification, rotary tillage, ditching and intelligent fertilization - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a machine and tool with combined operations of deep scarification, rotary tillage, ditching and intelligent fertilization, and belongs to the technical field of agricultural equipment. The machine and tool comprises a machine frame and a tractor, an intermediate gear case and a broadside gear case are arranged on the machine frame, wherein the broadside gear case is connected respectively with a rotary blade shaft and a soil pulverizing blade shaft below the broadside gear; a ditching cutter is arranged on the rotary blade shaft, a power-driven fertilizer apparatus is arranged above the intermediate gear case, a speed adjustable motor in the power driven fertilizer apparatus drives a rear fertilization shaft to rotate through chain drive, a deep fertilization shaft drives the fertilization shaft to rotate through the chain drive and controls fertilizing amount by adjusting motor speed, wherein the motor speed is controlled through a signal control device, and the signal control device is connected with a velocity sensor arranged on the tractor; four fertilizing pipes of the fertilizing pipes are drawn forth from a fertilizer discharging hole and then put on the machine frame, and the other four fertilizing pipe are connected with a deep scarification fertilizing pipe, wherein the deep scarification fertilizing pipe is arranged at a rear part of a subsoiler. The machine and tool is reasonable in structure, can finish operation in one-time the deep scarification, rotary tillage, ditching, plough layer fertilizing and deep fertilizing, lowers frequency for the tractor to enter into the field, thus saving energy and lowering cost.

Description

A combination operation tool for subsoiling rotary tillage and ditching intelligent fertilization

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a subsoiling rotary tillage and ditching intelligent fertilization combined operation machine tool.

Background technique

Among the existing farmland operation tools, there are many types and specifications of a single machine tool or a combined machine tool with a combination of several functions that can complete operations such as subsoiling, rotary tillage, ditching, and fertilization. There is no machine that can simultaneously complete subsoiling, rotary tillage, ditching, plow layer fertilization and subsoiling ditch bottom fertilization operations, nor can it intelligently adjust the amount of fertilizer according to the operation speed and agronomic requirements. In the context of the rapid development of modern agriculture and agronomic technology, agricultural machinery also needs to adapt to the requirements of circular agricultural economy such as energy saving, emission reduction and green development. However, most of the machines have a single function, and it is necessary to use multiple machines or several machines to complete operations such as subsoiling, rotary tillage, ditching, soil crushing, fertilization, and deep fertilization, which inevitably lead to planting operations in one season. It is not easy to achieve the effect required by agriculture after two or three repeated operations; moreover, repeated operations will not only compact the soil, destroy the soil structure, easily cause the loss of soil fertility, but also consume a lot of energy and pollute the environment .

In addition, traditional rotary tillage operations mostly use ordinary single-axis rotary tillers. In order to refine the surface soil, multiple repetitive operations are usually used, which not only has low farming efficiency, but also increases the farming cycle; The front cutter shaft of the cultivator has a small radius, and the rotation speed is usually higher when cultivating the surface soil; the rear cutter shaft has a larger radius, and the rotation speed is usually lower for rotary tillage layer soil; this kind of machine tool is often used for high-stalk crops The root stubble crushing soil rotary tillage operation cannot ensure that the surface soil is finely broken, which will cause larger soil clods to be brought to the shallow plow layer, resulting in more large soil clods on the surface, which is not conducive to crop planting.

Traditional fertilization machines mostly use ground wheels or pressure rollers to drive the fertilizer discharger to fertilize, which is easily affected by whether the surface is smooth or not or soil moisture, resulting in uneven fertilization and affecting the growth of crops; electric-driven fertilization machines generally use adjustment The high-speed motor can meet the required amount of fertilizer by changing the rotation speed of the fertilizer shaft. However, in the case of variable operating speeds, the electric control device cannot intelligently adjust the amount of fertilizer according to the walking speed of the implement, and cannot guarantee that the quality of fertilization can meet the agronomic requirements. .

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the above deficiencies, the present invention discloses a subsoiling rotary tillage and ditching intelligent fertilization combined operation tool, which solves the shortcomings of traditional tillage machinery due to the single function and repeated operations, and can realize subsoiling, rotary tillage, and soil crushing at one time. , ditching, plow layer fertilization, subsoiling ditch bottom fertilization, the amount of fertilization can be intelligently adjusted according to the walking speed of the machine.

The technical scheme that the present invention adopts is as follows:

A subsoiling rotary tillage ditching intelligent fertilization combined operation tool, including a frame, an intermediate gear box and a tractor, the frame is equipped with an intermediate gear box, and an electric fertilization device is installed on the frame. The electric fertilization device includes a fertilization box, a motor , fertilization device, fertilization shaft and deep fertilization shaft, the front fertilization pipe is placed on the frame alone, the rear fertilization pipe is connected with the deep loose fertilization pipe, the motor controls the amount of fertilizer by the speed, and the motor is connected to the fertilization shaft through the transmission mechanism , the fertilization shaft and the deep fertilization shaft are connected by a chain drive, the fertilizer discharger is respectively placed on the fertilization shaft and the deep fertilization shaft, the rear fertilization pipe and the front fertilization pipe are connected with the fertilizer discharger, the motor is controlled by a signal control device, and the signal The control device is connected with the speed sensor on the tractor. A subsoiler shovel is installed on the front of the frame, and the subsoiler shovel is closely connected with the subsoiler fertilization pipe. The device is installed at the rear of the rotary tiller. The soil breaking device includes a soil breaking knife shaft and a soil breaking knife. The rotary tilling device includes a rotary tilling knife shaft and a rotary tilling knife. The ditching device includes a ditching knife and a ditching cutter head. The ditching knife is installed on the ditching cutter head. The ditching cutter head is installed in the middle of the rotary tiller shaft. The gear box is connected to the side gear box, and the side gear box is respectively connected to the rotary tiller shaft and the soil breaking knife shaft below. A ditch opener is correspondingly arranged behind the ditching cutter head, and the motor is connected to the battery of the tractor. The power of the middle gear box is divided into output on the left and right sides. It is connected to the side gear boxes on both sides through the connecting shaft or the universal joint transmission shaft. The cutter shaft is connected, and a ditch opener is correspondingly installed behind the ditching cutter head. The opening of the ditch opener is adjustable, and the front and rear lengths are greater than the length of the carriage at the working position. The motor of the electric fertilization device is connected with the storage battery of the tractor.

Furthermore, in order to level and compact the farmland, a dragging board is provided behind the soil breaking knife shaft, which makes the equipment more perfect during the use process and is beneficial to the improvement of agricultural technology.

Compared with prior art, the present invention has following advantage:

The machine has a reasonable structure and a high degree of mechanization. It can complete subsoiling, rotary tillage, soil breaking, ditching, plow layer fertilization, and deep fertilization operations in one entry, reducing the number of times the tractor enters the field, saving energy and reducing costs.

Compared with the traditional two-axis rotary tiller, this machine places the broken soil knife shaft behind the rotary tiller shaft. When the rotary tiller shaft is in operation, the soil broken knife shaft takes advantage of its small radius without driving the large soil at the bottom. In the case of lumps, the shallow soil layer can be crushed and finely rotated to make the soil surface smooth and the soil clods finely broken.

Compared with the fertilization device driven by the ground wheel or the pressure roller and driven by the general speed-regulating electric mechanism, the implement of the present invention not only uses the speed-regulating motor to drive the fertilization device, but also adds a speed sensor on the driving wheel of the tractor to measure the working speed and transmit the signal It is transmitted to the motor controller, and the motor adjusts the amount of fertilizer discharge according to the measured walking speed, so that the amount of fertilizer applied can be adjusted in real time according to the operating speed.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a side structural view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a top view structure diagram of the present invention.

In the figure: 1-middle gear box; 2-side gear box; 3-rotary tiller; 4-ditching knife; 5-ditch opener; Loose shovel; 9-motor; 10-rear fertilization pipe; 11-universal transmission; 12-frame; 13-carrier; 14-deep fertilization shaft; Side gear box; 18-front fertilization pipe; 19-fertilization box.

detailed description

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention will be further described:

A subsoiling rotary tillage ditching intelligent fertilization combined operation tool, including a frame 12, a side gear box 17, an intermediate gear box 1 and a tractor, the frame 12 is provided with the intermediate gear box 1, and the frame 12 is equipped with an Fertilization device, electric fertilization device comprises fertilization box 19, motor 9, fertilizer discharger 16, fertilization rotating shaft 15 and deep fertilization rotating shaft 14, front portion fertilization pipe 18 has 4 to be placed on the frame separately, rear portion fertilization pipe 10 has 4 The root is connected with the deep loosening fertilization pipe 7, the motor 9 controls the amount of fertilization through the rotating speed, the motor 9 is connected with the fertilization shaft 15 through the transmission mechanism, the fertilization shaft 15 is connected with the deep fertilization shaft 14 through a chain transmission, and the fertilizer discharger 16 is respectively placed in the fertilization shaft. On the rotating shaft 15 and the deep fertilizing rotating shaft 14, the rear part fertilizing pipe 10 and the front part fertilizing pipe 18 are connected with the fertilizer discharge device 16, the motor 9 is controlled by a signal control device, and the signal control device is connected with the speed sensor on the tractor, and the frame 12 A subsoiling shovel 8 is installed at the front of the machine, and the subsoiling shovel 8 is closely connected with the subsoiling fertilization pipe 7. A soil crushing device and a rotary tillage device are respectively installed on the frame 12, and the soil crushing device is installed behind the rotary tillage device. Part, the broken soil device comprises a broken soil knife shaft and a broken soil knife 6, and the rotary tiller comprises a rotary tiller shaft and a rotary tiller 3, and the rotation radius of the rotary tiller 3 is greater than that of the broken soil knife 6, and the ditching device includes The ditching knife 4 and the ditching cutter head, the ditching knife 4 is installed on the ditching cutter head, the middle part of the rotary tiller shaft is installed with the ditching cutter head, the rotary tiller shaft and the ditching cutter head are coaxial, and the intermediate gear box 1 is connected with the side gear box 2, and the side gear box 2 is connected with the rotary tiller shaft and the soil cutter shaft below respectively, and a ditch opener 5 is correspondingly arranged behind the ditching cutter head, and the motor 9 is connected with the battery of the tractor , the motor 9 is controlled by a signal control device. The working principle during use: the tractor is connected with the subsoiling rotary tillage and ditching intelligent fertilization joint operation tool; the power of the tractor is transmitted to the intermediate gear box 1 through the universal transmission device 11, and the intermediate gear box 1 Divide the power into two: one part drives the rotary tiller shaft and the ditching cutter head to rotate through the side gearbox 2, and the other part passes through the side gearbox 17 to drive the soil breaking cutter shaft to rotate; the ditching device and the ditching device Under the combined action of the ditchers, the farmland will be ditched and formed; the drag plate 13 will level and compact the farmland; the motor 9 is connected to the battery of the tractor to provide a power source for the electric fertilization device. The fertilizer is divided into two parts and one part can be fertilized through the rear The pipe 10 directly flows to the soil surface, and the other part is introduced into the deep fertilizing pipe 7 through the front portion fertilizing pipe 18 and flows to 30 cm below the soil. The signal controller controls the motor 9 rotating speed according to the speed signal recorded by the speed sensor installed on the tractor wheel to change the fertilization amount. Size, to achieve intelligent fertilization. The machine has a reasonable structure and a high degree of mechanization. It can complete subsoiling, rotary tillage, soil breaking, ditching, plow layer fertilization, and deep fertilization operations in one entry, reducing the number of times the tractor enters the field, saving energy and reducing costs.

The above is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the protection scope of the invention is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of subsoiling rotary tillage ditching intelligence fertilizing combine tool, including frame (12), side gear box (17), center tooth Roller box (1) and tractor, frame (12) be provided with intermediate gear box (1) it is characterised in that：Frame is provided with electronic applying on (12) Fertile device, electric fertilizer apparatus include fertilizing box (19), motor (9), fertilizer apparatus (16), fertilising rotating shaft (15) and deep fertilizer spraying rotating shaft (14), anterior fertilising pipe (18) is individually placed in frame, and rear portion fertilising pipe (10) is connected with subsoiling fertilising pipe (7), motor (9) Dose is controlled by rotating speed, motor (9) is passed through transmission mechanism and is connected with fertilising rotating shaft (15), apply fertilizer rotating shaft (15) and deep fertilizer spraying Rotating shaft (14) is passed through Chain conveyer and is connected, and fertilizer apparatus (16) is respectively placed in fertilising rotating shaft (15) and deep fertilizer spraying rotating shaft (14), rear portion Fertilising pipe (10) is connected with fertilizer apparatus (16) with anterior fertilising pipe (18), and motor (9) is controlled by signal control device, signal Control device is connected with the velocity sensor on tractor, and the front portion of frame (12) is provided with deep soil loosing shovel (8), deep soil loosing shovel (8) with Subsoiling fertilising pipe (7) is closely joined together, and frame (12) is separately installed with soil crushing device and rotary cultivator attachment, and soil crushing device is pacified It is loaded on the rear portion of rotary cultivator attachment, soil crushing device includes hack cutter shaft and hack knife (6), rotary cultivator attachment includes rotary tillage cutter shaft and rotary tillage Knife (3), the radius of turn of rotary blade (3) is more than the radius of turn of hack knife (6), and ditching device includes ditching knife (4) and trench digging Cutterhead, ditching knife (4) is installed on trench digging cutterhead, and trench digging cutterhead, rotary tillage cutter shaft and trench digging cutterhead are installed in the middle part of rotary tillage cutter shaft For coaxial, intermediate gear box (1) is connected with side gear box (2), side gear box (2) respectively with following rotary tillage cutter shaft and Hack cutter shaft connects, and is correspondingly provided with plough (5), motor (9) is connected with the storage battery of tractor after trench digging cutterhead.

2. a kind of subsoiling rotary tillage ditching intelligence fertilizing combine tool according to claim 1 it is characterised in that：Frame (12) it is additionally provided with planker (13) on, plough (5) is located at the centre of planker (13), plough (5) anterior-posterior length is more than working position The length of the planker (13) put.