CN211405292U - Pre-laying anchor cable system composition of long-distance sandbank section - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a submarine cable lays technical field, discloses a anchor cable system of paving in advance of long distance sandbank section is constituteed, pass through the anchor shackle anchor cable of being connected including ship anchor, one end and ship anchor, its characterized in that, anchor cable include a plurality of sections first wire rope riggings, connect the shackle change of two sections adjacent first wire rope riggings. Pre-laying two pre-laid anchor cables in a sandbank crossing region; and when the condition from the flood tide to the water depth meets the requirement of the boat, starting the winch for stranding, and enabling the boat for laying the cables to continuously travel along the cable design route while laying and burying the cables. The laying of the pre-laid anchor cables does not occupy the main operation time; under the condition that the water depth meets the requirement of the cable laying ship during a high tide, the cable laying ship can continuously travel, and the purpose of improving the cable laying efficiency to the maximum extent is achieved, so that the cable laying ship can pass through a sand continent section to complete cable laying construction in one large flood.

Description

Pre-laying anchor cable system composition of long-distance sandbank section

Technical Field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of submarine cable lays technique and specifically relates to a pre-paved anchor cable system of long distance sandbank section constitutes.

Background

Submarine cables are important power and signal transmission facilities that communicate between offshore and land facilities. With the increase of the diameter of the submarine cable, the difficulty of the marine laying construction of the long-distance submarine cable is more and more increased. Therefore, an appropriate construction method needs to be selected according to local conditions according to the laying construction environmental conditions of the submarine cable, especially the water depth conditions.

For a long-distance sandbar section which is characterized by water in high tide and exposed beach in low tide, two alternative submarine cable laying construction methods are available: the first is to use a small boat side such as an anchor boat to drag and lay a cable to carry a boat in a high tide period, and simultaneously lay and bury the cable; the second is a patent application filed simultaneously, namely 'a cable laying ship deck arrangement and construction method for laying submarine cables at long-distance shoal sections', the cable laying ship is anchored when low tide is exposed to the beach, stranded cables are used for sailing when high tide is in water, and cables are laid while being buried.

For the first method, because the small ship such as an anchor boat provides forward power and direction control power for the cable laying ship at the same time, limited by the water depth condition of the sandbank area, the small ship meeting the ship traveling condition has small draught and limited power, so the power of the small ship is obviously insufficient under the condition of poor sea condition, and the ship traveling speed is low and the cable laying efficiency is low when the cable laying ship is pulled by the side. Particularly, when the cable laying ship is in crosswind and crosswave, the possibility that the actual cable laying route deviates from the designed route of the cable is high.

With the second method, since the length of the anchor line to be applied at each anchor lifting is limited, usually not more than 500m, the distance of the mooring boat to travel at each high tide is short, usually not more than 350m, and therefore the mooring efficiency of the mooring boat is low.

In summary, both the first method and the second method have the problems of low efficiency of the ship-going cable laying and long construction period. The laying construction of the submarine cable at the long-distance sand shores section usually meets the requirements of the sailing boat only under the water depth condition of 3-5 days of high tide in large tide. If the cable can not smoothly pass through the sandbank section within 3-5 days when the water depth meets the requirements of the ship, the cable laying construction is completed, and the cable laying ship can only sit on the beach for the next large flood after nearly half a month. The safety of the ship and the cable during standby has serious hidden dangers.

Therefore, the cable laying efficiency of the cable laying ship is improved, the construction period is shortened, the construction of laying the submarine cables across the long-distance sand continent section is ensured to be completed in a flood season, and the technical problem to be solved in the industry is solved urgently.

Disclosure of Invention

In order to improve the line ship of long distance sand shoal section submarine cable and spread cable efficiency, ensure to pass through long distance sand shoal section submarine cable and lay the construction at a big flood season completion, the utility model provides a pre-paved anchor cable system of long distance sand shoal section constitutes, pass through the anchor cable that the anchor shackle is connected including ship anchor, one end and ship anchor, its characterized in that, the anchor cable includes a plurality of first wire rope riggings of section, connects the shackle change of two sections adjacent first wire rope riggings.

The other end of the anchor cable is connected with one end of a second steel wire rope rigging through a common shackle.

The other end of the second steel wire rope rigging is connected with a floating ball group through a nylon rope.

The length of the second steel wire rope is not less than the sum of the water depth at high tide and the height of the ship board of the cable laying ship, and a proper margin is reserved.

One end of an anchor head cable is connected to the anchor shackle; the other end of the anchor head cable is connected with a floating ball group through a nylon rope.

A floating ball is connected near the position of the shackle rotating ring by a nylon rope; and a warning lamp is fastened on the floating ball.

The connecting length of the nylon rope is determined according to the volume of the floating ball which floats out of the water surface by more than two thirds when the highest water level is met.

The floating ball group consists of at least two floating balls, and the floating balls are respectively coated with different colors; a warning light is fastened on the floating ball group.

Based on the pre-laid anchor cable system composition of the long-distance sandbar section, the pre-laid anchor cable auxiliary ship-moving method of the long-distance sandbar section is further provided, and the method comprises the following steps:

1) two pre-laid anchor cables are pre-laid on two sides of a cable design route spanning a sandbank area;

2) arranging and installing two winching machines on a cable laying ship in advance;

3) before a flood comes, a cable laying ship travels to the position of the starting end of the pre-laid anchor cable, the starting end of the pre-laid anchor cable is salvaged to a deck of the cable laying ship, and a winching machine is connected;

4) when the condition of rising tide to water depth meets the requirement of a traveling ship, starting a winch for stranding, and continuously traveling the ship along the cable design route by a cable laying ship while laying and burying the cable;

5) when the water depth condition from the tide to the water depth does not meet the requirement of sailing, stopping stranding, laying a cable boat and sitting on the beach, and waiting for the next tide rising;

6) and (5) circulating according to the steps 4 and 5, and finishing cable laying construction of the cable laying ship by utilizing high tide to pass through the long-distance sand continent section in the flood season of the flood tide.

And the two winching machines are arranged on the ship board deck in the advancing direction of the cable laying ship for the cable laying ship with the side cable outlet.

The two winching machines are arranged on a bow deck and symmetrically arranged for the cable laying ship with the stern cable outlet.

The two pre-laid anchor lines are both long enough to traverse the sandbar area.

The two pre-laid anchor cables are parallel to the cable design route and keep a distance of 100m-250 m.

The distance between the two pre-laid anchor cables close to the initial ends is gradually reduced until the distance between the initial ends of the two pre-laid anchor cables is approximately the same as the distance between two winches on the cable laying ship.

Based on the pre-laid anchor cable system composition of the long-distance sandbar, the pre-laid anchor cable laying construction method of the long-distance sandbar comprises the following steps:

1) shipping and transporting: loading each part assembly of a pre-laid anchor cable comprising a ship anchor, a first steel wire rope, a floating ball group and a floating ball on a deck of a crane ship at a wharf; a second excavator is loaded on the ship; then the crane ship is transported to the position near the offshore installation position; each first steel wire rope is wound on a roller, so that the hoisting, the transportation and the field arrangement are facilitated;

2) the crane ship sits on the beach: the crane ship sails to a position near a cable design route crossing sandbar section by utilizing high tide and is anchored in place; after the tide falls, the crane ship sits on the beach;

3) the second excavator is launched: after the tide and the dew beach are removed, a ladder structure is erected by the crane for assisting the lower hoisting, and a second excavator is driven down along the ladder structure;

4) hoisting the ship anchor in place: the crane ship lifts the ship anchor out of the crane ship, the ship anchor is lifted by a second excavator, and the ship anchor is conveyed to an anchor position of a pre-laid anchor cable under the guidance of GPS navigation and is placed on the mud surface of the mud flat;

5) laying a first steel wire rope rigging: the second excavator returns to the position near the crane ship, and a roller which is hung by the crane ship and is coiled with a first steel wire rope is hoisted to the position near the anchor position; connecting one end of a first steel wire rope tool with the anchor shackle for the ship anchor; the second excavator hangs the roller and runs along the designed laying track of the pre-laid anchor cable, and simultaneously a first steel wire rope rigging is laid along with the rotation of the roller until the first steel wire rope rigging is completely separated from the roller; laying a second section of first steel wire rope rigging according to the method, and connecting the second section of first steel wire rope rigging with the first section of first steel wire rope rigging by using a shackle swivel; according to the method, until all the first steel wire rope tools of all the sections of the whole pre-laid anchor cable are completely laid and connected;

6) connecting accessories: under the assistance of a second excavator, an anchor head cable and a second steel wire rope rigging are respectively connected; then connecting the floating ball and the floating ball group at corresponding positions by using a nylon rope, and connecting a warning lamp;

7) and (3) evacuating the crane ship: after the two pre-laid anchor cables are completely laid, the second excavator returns to the crane ship; the crane ship leaves the sandbank area after rising water and returns to the wharf at high tide.

The steps 4-6 are carried out when the low tide is exposed on the beach; before the flood tide, the second excavator withdraws the crane ship for standby; and taking the ship out for continuous construction after the tide is low again and the beach is exposed.

The utility model has the advantages that: the pre-laid anchor cable can be laid before the cable is laid on the sea, and main operation time is not occupied; when the cable laying ship passes through the sandbank section, the pre-laid anchor cable is stranded by the winching machine to provide advancing power for the cable laying ship, so that the ship can be continuously driven under the condition that the water depth meets the requirement of the ship during a high tide, and the purpose of improving the cable laying efficiency to the maximum extent is achieved; therefore, the one-time large flood laying cable ship can pass through the sand continent section to complete cable laying construction.

Drawings

The following detailed description is to be read in connection with the accompanying drawings and the detailed description.

FIG. 1 is a schematic view of the connection of the components of the present invention;

fig. 2 is a plan view of a first embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 3 is a layout view of a side mooring cable laying ship according to the first embodiment;

fig. 4 is a plan view of a second embodiment of the present invention;

fig. 5 is a layout view of a stern mooring line laying ship according to the second embodiment;

FIG. 6 is a crane ship loading layout;

FIG. 7 is a schematic illustration of the crane vessel in position for anchoring;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of a second excavator going off-board;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view of a second excavator transfer vessel anchor;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of the second excavator laying the main wire rope.

Wherein: 1-cable design routing; 2, pre-laying an anchor cable; 3-laying a cable ship; 4-grinding machine; 5-sandbar area; 6-main flow direction; 7-a cable; 8-a boat; 9-a crane ship; 21-a boat anchor; 22-anchor shackle; 23-an anchor line; 31-electric cable storage disc; 32-laying a cable operation line; 33-burying a plough; 34-starboard anchor lines; 35-a first excavator; 91-a second excavator; 92-ladder construction; 231-a first wire rope rigging; 232-shackle swivel; 233-a second wire rope rigging; 234-general shackle; 235-a float ball group; 236-a floating ball; 237-anchor head cable; 238-nylon cord; 239-warning light; 2311-roller.

Detailed Description

Referring to fig. 1, the pre-laid anchor cable system for a long-distance sandbar section comprises a ship anchor 21 and an anchor cable 23, one end of the anchor cable 23 is connected with the ship anchor 21 through an anchor shackle 22, and the pre-laid anchor cable system is characterized in that the anchor cable 23 comprises a plurality of first steel wire rope tools 231 and shackle swivels 232 connecting two adjacent first steel wire rope tools 231.

Each first wire rope tool 231 is wound on the drum 2311, and the weight is proper, so that the second excavator 91 can conveniently lift and the first wire rope tools 231 can conveniently pull and release; the use of the shackle swivels 232 to connect the two first wire harnesses 231 facilitates the release of torque when the first wire harnesses 231 are pulled to release.

The other end of the anchor line 23 is connected to one end of a second wire rope rigging 233 by a conventional shackle 234. The other end of the second wire rope harness 233 is connected to a float ball set 235 with a nylon rope 238. The length of the second wire rope rigging 233 is not less than the sum of the water depth at high tide and the height of the freeboard of the cable laying ship 3, and a proper margin is left.

One end of an anchor head cable 237 is connected to the anchor shackle 22; the other end of the anchor cable 237 is connected 238 to a buoyant ball set 235 with nylon rope. A floating ball 236 is connected near the position of the shackle rotating ring 232 by a nylon rope 238; a warning light 239 is fastened on the floating ball 236. The connection length of the nylon rope 238 is determined according to the volume of more than two thirds of the floating ball 236 or the floating ball group 235 floating out of the water surface when the highest water level is met. The floating ball group 235 consists of at least two floating balls, and the floating balls are respectively coated with different colors; a warning light 239 is fastened on the floating ball group 235.

The floating ball 236 and the floating ball group 235 mark the position of the pre-laid anchor cable 2 in the daytime, and the warning lamp 239 arranged on the floating ball group marks the position of the pre-laid anchor cable 2 at night, so that the passing ship can observe and avoid conveniently.

Referring to fig. 2 and 4, a method for assisting in sailing a pre-laid anchor line 2 on a long-distance sandbank section includes the following steps:

1) two pre-laid anchor cables 2 are pre-laid on two sides of a cable design route 1 crossing a sandbar area 5.

2) Two winching machines 4 are arranged and installed on the cable laying ship 3 in advance.

3) Before the arrival of a flood, when the cable laying ship 3 sails to the starting end position of the pre-laid anchor cable 2, the starting end of the pre-laid anchor cable 2 is salvaged to a deck of the cable laying ship 3, and the cable laying ship is connected with a winching machine 4.

4) When the condition of tide to water depth meets the requirement of the ship, the winch 4 is started to winch, the cable laying ship 3 continuously runs along the cable design path 1, and meanwhile, the cable is laid and buried.

5) And when the water depth condition from the tide to the water depth does not meet the requirement of the ship, stopping stranding, laying a cable ship, sitting on the beach, and waiting for the next tide rising.

6) And (5) circulating according to the steps 4 and 5, and finishing cable laying construction by the cable laying ship 3 through the long-distance sand shores by utilizing high tide during the period of the large tide.

The pre-laid anchor lines 2 are long enough to cross the sandbar area 5, and two pre-laid anchor lines 2 are parallel to the cable design route 1 and are maintained at a distance of 100 m.

The distance between the two pre-laid anchor cables 2 close to the initial ends is gradually reduced until the distance between the initial ends of the two pre-laid anchor cables 2 is approximately the same as the distance between the two winches 4 on the cable-laying ship 3.

As shown in fig. 2 and fig. 3, in the first embodiment: for the case that the main flow direction 6 of the construction sea area is basically vertical to the cable design route 1, a cable laying ship 3 with a ship side for cable laying is preferably adopted. Two winches 4 are installed on the deck on the port side of the cable laying ship 3, and the cable 7 from the electric cable storage tray 31 is taken out from the starboard side through the cable laying operation line 32 and laid under the sea bottom by the laying plow 33. The pre-laid anchor cables 2 are stranded by a winching machine 4 to provide continuous power for the cable laying ship 3 to go, and the two starboard anchor cables 34 of the cable laying ship 3 control the cable laying ship 3 not to excessively deviate from the cable design route 1. The mooring of the starboard anchor line 34 is performed by the first excavator 35 when the tide is low on the beach.

The cable laying ship 3 has a ship body which is approximately in the forward direction, has small current bearing force and is overcome by a starboard anchor cable 34; the cable laying ship 3 runs by means of the pre-laid anchor cable 2 crossing the sandbank area 5 to provide power, so that the time for meeting the water depth condition of the ship at high tide can be fully utilized, and the laying and burying efficiency of the cable 7 is greatly improved.

As shown in fig. 4 and 5, the second embodiment: for the condition that the main flow direction 6 of the construction sea area is basically consistent with the direction of the cable design route 1, a cable laying ship 3 with a stern cable is suitable. Two winching machines 4 are arranged on the deck of the bow of the cable laying ship 3 and are symmetrically arranged. The cable 7 from the electric cable storage 31 is pulled out from the stern by a cabling operation line 32 and buried under the sea floor by a burying plow 33. The pre-laid anchor cable 2 provides continuous power for the cable laying ship 3 to go through a twisting mill 4, and a small ship 8 is respectively arranged on two sides of the cable laying ship 3 to control the cable laying ship 3 not to excessively deviate from the cable design route 1.

The cable laying ship 3 has a ship body which is approximately in the forward direction and has small current bearing force and is overcome by the two small ships 8; the cable laying ship 3 runs by means of the pre-laid anchor cable 2 crossing the sandbank area 5 to provide power, so that the time for meeting the water depth condition of the ship at high tide can be fully utilized, and the laying and burying efficiency of the cable 7 is greatly improved.

As shown in fig. 6-10, a construction method for laying pre-laid anchor cables 2 in a long-distance sandbank section includes the following steps:

1) shipping and transporting: loading all the components of the pre-laid anchor line 2 including the ship anchor 21, the first wire rope 231, the floating ball group 235, and the floating ball 236 on the deck of the crane ship 9 at the wharf, loading the second excavator 91 on the ship, and then transporting the crane ship 9 to the vicinity of the offshore installation location; each first wire rope rigging 231 is wound on a roller 2311, so that hoisting, transportation and field arrangement are facilitated;

2) the crane ship 9 sits on the beach: the crane ship 9 sails to a position near a cable design route 1 crossing the sandbar area 5 to be anchored in place during high tide; after low tide, the crane boat 9 sits on the beach;

3) the second excavator 91 is launched: after the tide and the dew beach are removed, the crane of the crane ship 9 assists in hoisting the lower part to set up the ladder structure 92, and the second excavator 91 descends along the ladder structure 92;

4) hoisting the ship anchor 21 in place: the crane ship 9 lifts the ship anchor 21 out of the crane ship 9, the second excavator 91 lifts the ship anchor 21, the ship anchor is conveyed to the anchor position of the pre-laid anchor cable 2 under the guidance of GPS navigation and is placed on the mud surface of the mud flat;

5) the first wireline rigging 231 is deployed: the second excavator 91 returns to the vicinity of the crane ship 9, and lifts one drum 2311, which is suspended from the crane ship 9 and is wound with the first wire rope rigging 231, to the vicinity of the anchor; connecting one end of the first wire rope tool 231 with the ship anchor 21 by using the anchor shackle 22; the second excavator 91 hangs the roller 2311 to travel along the designed laying track of the pre-laid anchor cable 2, and simultaneously lays the first wire rope tool 231 along with the rotation of the roller 2311 until the first wire rope tool 231 is completely separated from the roller 2311; laying a second section of the first wire rope rigging 231 according to the above method, and connecting the second section of the first wire rope rigging 231 and the first section of the first wire rope rigging 231 by using the shackle swivel 232; according to the method, until all the first steel wire rope tools 231 of all the sections of the whole pre-laid anchor cable 2 are completely laid and connected;

6) connecting accessories: the anchor head cable 237 and the second wire rope rigging 233 are respectively connected with the assistance of the second excavator 91; then the nylon rope 238 is connected with the floating ball 236, the floating ball group 235 and the warning light 239 at corresponding positions;

7) evacuation of the crane ship 9: after the two pre-laid anchor cables 2 are completely laid, the second excavator 91 returns to the crane ship 9; the crane ship 9 leaves the sandbar area 5 at high tide after the flood and returns to the dock.

The steps 4-6 are carried out when the low tide is exposed on the beach; before the flood tide, the second excavator 91 withdraws the crane ship 9 for standby; and taking the ship out for continuous construction after the tide is low again and the beach is exposed.

Claims (10)

1. The pre-laid anchor cable system for the long-distance sandbar section comprises a ship anchor and an anchor cable, wherein one end of the anchor cable is connected with the ship anchor through an anchor shackle.

2. The pre-laid anchor line system composition for long-reach sandbars according to claim 1, wherein the other end of the anchor line is connected to one end of a second wire rope rigging by a conventional shackle.

3. The pre-laid anchor line system composition for long-reach sandbars according to claim 2, wherein the other end of the second wire rope rigging is connected to a buoyant ball group with nylon rope.

4. The pre-mooring anchor line system composition for the long-distance sandbar section according to claim 2, wherein the length of the second steel wire rope is not less than the sum of the water depth at high tide and the freeboard height of the mooring vessel, and a proper margin is left.

5. The pre-laid anchor line system composition for long-reach sandbars according to claim 1, wherein one end of an anchor line is attached to the anchor shackle.

6. The pre-laid anchor line system composition for long-reach sandbars according to claim 5, wherein the other end of the anchor line is connected to a buoyant ball group with nylon rope.

7. The pre-laid anchor line system assembly of a long-reach sandbank section of claim 1, wherein a float ball is attached to the shackle near its location by nylon rope.

8. The system of claim 3 or 6, wherein the floating ball group comprises at least two floating balls, and each floating ball is painted with different colors.

9. The pre-laid anchor line system composition of a long-distance sandbank according to claim 3, 6 or 7, wherein the connection length of the nylon rope is determined by the volume of more than two thirds of the floating ball floating out of the water surface when the highest water level is met.

10. A pre-laid anchor line system assembly for long-haul sandbars as claimed in claim 3, 6 or 7 wherein a warning light is attached to said float ball or float ball set.

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