CN210680409U - Brake device special for formula electric racing car for college students - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a special arresting gear of university student's equation electric racing car, including conventional brake mechanism and braking energy recovery mechanism, the opening and closing of braking energy recovery mechanism relies on the acceleration when the brake pedal steps on to control, when the racing driver steps on the brake pedal promptly, meshbelt blocks in the coiler to make the take-up pulley compress tightly the belt, the belt transmits the energy of engine or derailleur output shaft to the generator and carries out energy recovery, when the brake pedal steps on slowly, the coiler does not lock, the generator is out of work; whether the braking energy recovery mechanism is opened is judged automatically by the mechanical structure of the retractor, a sensor and an electric control system do not need to be additionally arranged, the safety is high, the use is convenient, the motor and the retractor can be directly transformed on the existing racing car, parts such as a generator and the retractor can be directly purchased and installed, the structure is simple, the cost is low, and the braking energy recovery mechanism is very suitable for formula racing cars of college students.

Description

Special braking device for Formula Student electric racing car

technical field

The utility model relates to the field of student formula racing, in particular to a special braking device for a student formula electric racing car.

Background technique

At present, the competition of the Formula Student car is divided into three groups, namely, the fuel car group, the electric car group, and the unmanned car group. When the electric car group is participating in the competition, because the power system uses a motor + battery system, it will not be used in the competition. In order to save energy as much as possible, it is necessary to design a braking energy recovery system, that is, when the car brakes, the excess kinetic energy of the car is converted into electrical energy and stored in the battery for reuse, so as to improve the mileage of the car, but the current braking energy The control method of the recovery system is an electronic control method, which includes a generator rigidly connected to the vehicle half shaft and a number of sensors. After the sensor determines that the vehicle speed decreases or the driver steps on the brakes, the generator starts to generate electricity, consuming the energy on the vehicle half shaft. In order to adapt to a variety of road conditions, the existing vehicle braking energy recovery system, the generator intervention timing and the size of the braking force are comprehensively calculated by the microcontroller or microprocessor in advance according to parameters such as vehicle speed, pedal braking force, and vehicle weight. , and the amount of regenerative braking force can be adjusted according to different situations, so the data acquisition process in the control system is very complicated, and manufacturers often need to conduct long-term data acquisition, calibration, etc. to match the braking energy recovery system and conventional braking devices. ; And when the existing braking energy recovery system works depends on the electronic control system, once the electronic control system has a problem, the braking energy recovery system generally cannot be used.

The Formula Student electric car only runs on the track, the track site is fixed, and the driving conditions are relatively simple. Compared with mass-produced vehicles, the manufacturing cost of racing cars is low, and the number is small, so they cannot use electricity like mass-produced cars. The control system is used to judge when the braking energy recovery system is involved. Therefore, the current structure of most fleets is to connect the brake pedal to a clutch through a rope, and the clutch connects the engine to the shaft of the generator. When the brake pedal is depressed, the When the clutch is closed, the engine drives the generator to generate electricity, realizing braking energy recovery. However, in actual use, it is found that when the racer taps the brake lightly, or depresses the brake slowly, he generally controls the car to slow down or coast slowly, and does not want the generator to intervene. , if the generator intervenes, the speed of the car will be too large, and the speed must be re-accelerated, which will affect the speed of the car, and when the brakes are deeply pressed or braked suddenly, it is hoped that the generator will intervene to recover some braking energy, but the existing The brake pedal-clutch structure makes the generator in the brake energy recovery device intervene immediately as long as the racer presses the brake, which cannot achieve such a function.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

The purpose of the present invention is to provide a special braking device for a Formula Student electric racing car, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background art.

In order to achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the present utility model provides the following technical solutions: a special braking device for a Formula Student electric racing car, the braking device includes a braking mechanism that has been installed on the electric racing car, and a braking energy recovery mechanism. The brake mechanism is the existing hydraulic disc brake mechanism or electric drive disc brake mechanism of the racing car;

The braking energy recovery mechanism comprises a connecting rod welded at the front end of the brake pedal, the connecting rod is arranged perpendicular to the length direction of the brake pedal, and one end of the first wire rope is inserted into the through hole provided at the end of the connecting rod close to the outer side of the racing car, The other end of the first wire rope is tightly connected with one end of the buckle, the slot of the buckle is matched with the tongue of the insert plate, the insert plate is tightly connected with one end of the webbing, the other end of the webbing is inserted into the retractor, and the The casing of the retractor is connected or tied with one end of the second wire rope through a buckle/plug plate, and the casing of the retractor is connected or bolted to the first sliding block, and the first sliding block is along the second horizontal guide rail. Sliding, the second horizontal guide rail is installed at the corresponding position of the racing car frame by bolts or welding, and the second horizontal guide rail is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the racing car; one end face of the first slider is welded or snap-connected to one end of the first return spring, The other end of the first return spring is welded or snap-connected to the steel pipe of the racing frame;

The other end of the second wire rope is tightly connected with one end of the first pendulum rod or connected by a lifting ring or a hook, the middle part of the first pendulum rod is connected with the frame of the racing car through a hinge, and the other end of the first pendulum rod is connected with the second pendulum rod One end of the rod is hinged, the other end of the second swing rod is hinged with the bottom of the fork rod body of the shift fork, the fork ring at the end of the fork rod of the shift fork is sleeved in the annular groove provided on the outer side of the second slider, and the first The second sliding block is matched with the horizontal guide rail set on the steel pipe of the racing frame, and the horizontal guide rail is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the racing car; the shift fork slides along the horizontal guide rail; a circular hole is set on one side of the second sliding block, and the circular hole is inserted into the circular hole. The rotating shaft of the tensioning wheel, the tensioning wheel is in close contact with the outer surface of the belt, one end of the belt is sleeved on the rotating shaft, and the other end is sleeved on the engine output shaft or the transmission output shaft; the outer surface of one end of the first swing rod and the second One end of the return spring is welded or snap-connected, and the other end of the second return spring is welded or snap-connected to one end face of the second slider;

The rotating shaft is located above the engine or above the transmission, and needle roller bearings are sleeved at both ends of the rotating shaft. The needle roller bearings are installed in a cylindrical bearing support, and one end of the bearing support away from the center of the rotating shaft is sleeved or welded with a through hole. The square support lugs are connected with the square supports with threaded holes welded at the corresponding positions on the racing frame through bolts; the central outer side of the rotating shaft is sleeved with a generator, and the base flange of the generator is connected to the racing frame. The square supports with threaded holes welded at the corresponding positions are connected together, and the outer side of the connecting bolt between the generator and the frame is wrapped with a rubber sleeve.

Preferably, the structure of the buckle and the insert plate is consistent with the structure of the buckle and the insert plate for automobile seat belts, the structure of the webbing is consistent with the structure of the webbing for automobile seat belts; the structure of the retractor is consistent with the structure of the automobile safety belt. Consistent construction with webbing pull out acceleration sensitive retractors.

Preferably, the length of the webbing that can extend out of the retractor is defined as the first length, and the extended length of the webbing under the condition that the webbing is not caught by the retractor after the brake pedal is pressed to the bottom is defined as the second length, and the first length is defined as the first length. The length is less than the second length.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the utility model is: when the racer rushes on the brake pedal, the webbing in the retractor is stuck, and the tensioning wheel is pressed against the belt, and the belt transfers the energy of the output shaft of the engine or the transmission. It is transmitted to the generator for energy recovery. When the brake pedal is slowly stepped on, the retractor is not locked and the generator does not work; whether the braking energy recovery mechanism is turned on is automatically determined by the mechanical structure of the retractor, and no additional settings are required. The sensor and electronic control system are safe and easy to use, and can be directly modified on the existing racing car. The generator, retractor and other parts can be directly purchased and installed. The structure is simple and the cost is low, which is very suitable for Formula Student Racing use.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic diagram of the front view of the Formula Student electric racing car;

Fig. 2 is a partial enlarged view of the braking energy recovery mechanism in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a schematic left view of the structure of the braking energy recovery mechanism in Fig. 1

FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of the arrangement of the first wire rope in the cockpit of the racing car;

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the retractor.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all the implementations. example. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative work fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Please refer to FIGS. 1 to 4. In the embodiment of the present invention, a special braking device for an electric racing car of Formula Student is used. The braking device includes a braking mechanism and a braking energy recovery mechanism that have been installed on the electric racing car. The hydraulic disc brake device or the electric drive disc brake device designated by the driving mechanism for the Formula Student Electric Racing FSAE event;

When the brake mechanism is a hydraulic disc brake mechanism, it includes a hydraulic pump and a hydraulic pipeline installed on the output shaft of the motor for driving the racing car, as well as a brake bracket, a hydraulic brake caliper, and a hydraulic brake installed on the frame. The brake friction pad placed in the middle of the caliper, and the brake disc installed on the wheel hub; when the brake mechanism is an electric drive disc brake mechanism, it includes an electric push rod installed at the corresponding position on the racing frame, and the electric The rod end of the push rod is equipped with a brake friction plate, which is in contact with the brake disc installed on the wheel hub; the engine of the racing car is placed in the middle of the frame and arranged horizontally, and the output shaft of the engine is connected with the input shaft of the transmission through a chain or a belt. A differential is installed on the transmission output shaft, the differential is connected with the half shaft, the half shaft is connected with the hub of the driving wheel, and the differential and the half shaft together constitute the drive axle;

The braking energy recovery mechanism includes a connecting rod 11 welded to the front end of the brake pedal 14, the connecting rod 11 is arranged perpendicular to the length of the brake pedal 14, and the connecting rod 11 penetrates into a through hole provided at one end of the connecting rod 11 close to the outside of the racing car. One end of the first wire rope 12, the other end of the first wire rope 12 is tightly connected with one end of the buckle 21, the slot of the buckle 21 cooperates with the tongue of the insertion plate 22, and the insertion plate 22 is fastened with one end of the webbing 23. connection, the other end of the webbing 23 is inserted into the retractor 24, and the shell of the retractor 24 is connected with one end of the second wire rope 25 through a buckle/insert plate or is connected tightly; the shell of the retractor 24 is also connected with the first A slider 41 is snap-connected or bolted, the first slider 41 slides along the second horizontal guide rail 42, the second horizontal guide rail 42 is mounted on the corresponding position of the racing car frame by bolts or welding, and the second horizontal guide rail 42 is along the longitudinal direction of the racing car Direction setting; one end face of the first slider 41 is welded or snap-connected to one end of the first return spring 43, and the other end of the first return spring 43 is welded or snap-connected to the steel pipe of the racing frame;

The structure of the buckle 21 and the insert plate 22 is consistent with the structure of the buckle and the insert plate for automobile seat belts, the structure of the webbing 23 is consistent with the structure of the webbing for automobile seat belts; The structure of the acceleration-sensitive retractor for the safety belt is the same. The basic structure of the acceleration-sensitive retractor for the webbing is shown in Figure 5. The webbing 23 is wound on the reel, and a ratchet 92 is provided outside one end of the reel. When the webbing 23 is pulled out, the ratchet wheel 92 rotates together with the reel. When the webbing 23 is pulled out at a normal speed, the centrifugal force on the pendulum rod 91 provided in the retractor housing is small and cannot overcome the spring force, so it does not swing. When the webbing is pulled out at a high speed, the pendulum rod 91 is subjected to centrifugal force to swing, and its end pushes the boss 93 provided in the retractor housing to move, and the sliding pin 94 set on the boss 93 is inserted into the pulley with the pawl. The sliding groove set on the sliding plate 95, the sliding pin 94 of the boss 93 pushes the sliding plate 95 to move, so that the pawl of the sliding plate 95 and the ratchet 92 are stuck, the webbing 23 stops pulling out, and the webbing 23 is jammed when it is pulled sharply. The retractor 24 can also be a webbing pull-out acceleration-sensitive retracting structure of other structures, such as a ball-type structure or a pendulum-type structure; the retractor, webbing, buckle, and plug board can all be directly used Existing products on mass-produced cars, such as those used by the Xihua University team, are the driving seat belt structures of QQ cars and Alto cars, which are directly disassembled and installed on the racing car. This solution does not optimize the retractor structure. Therefore, you can directly purchase existing mature products.

The buckle 21 and the insert plate 22 arranged between the first wire rope 12 and the webbing 23, the retractor 24 and the second wire rope 25 are for the convenience of disassembly and maintenance, and the first wire rope 12 and the webbing 23 can also be directly tied tightly. Tighten the second wire rope 25 with the connection hole provided on the casing of the retractor 24, such a connection is a fixed connection, which can be used when the number of maintenance of the racing car is small;

The other end of the second steel wire rope 25 is tightly connected with one end of the first swing rod 15 or connected by a lifting ring or a hook. The upper position of the transmission; the other end of the first swing rod 15 is hinged with one end of the second swing rod 16, the other end of the second swing rod 16 is hinged with the bottom of the fork rod body of the shift fork 17, and the end of the fork rod of the shift fork 17 is hinged. The fork ring is sleeved in the annular groove provided on the outer side of the second sliding block 18. The second sliding block 18 is matched with the horizontal guide rail 19 provided on the steel pipe of the racing car frame, and the horizontal guide rail 19 is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the racing car; 17 slides along the horizontal guide rail 19; one side of the second slider 18 is provided with a circular hole, and the circular hole is inserted into the rotating shaft of the tensioning wheel 20, the tensioning wheel 20 is in close contact with the outer side of the belt 5, and one end of the belt 5 It is sleeved on the rotating shaft 1, and the other end is sleeved on the engine output shaft or the transmission output shaft; the outer side of one end of the first swing rod 15 is welded or snap-connected to one end of the second return spring 10, and the second return The other end of the spring 10 is connected with one end face of the second slider 18 by welding or snap connection;

The rotating shaft 1 is located above the engine or above the transmission, and needle roller bearings are sleeved at both ends of the rotating shaft 1. The needle roller bearings are installed in a cylindrical bearing support 2, and one end of the bearing support 2 away from the center of the rotating shaft 1 is sleeved or sleeved. Weld the square support lugs 3 with through holes, and the support lugs 3 are connected with the square supports with threaded holes welded at the corresponding positions on the racing car frame by bolts; The base flange of 6 is connected with the square support with threaded holes welded at the corresponding position on the racing frame, and the outer side of the connecting bolt between the generator 6 and the frame is wrapped with a rubber sleeve.

During the production of the racing car, the layout and layout of the first wire rope 12 and the second wire rope 25 are determined according to the frame size, the position of the brake pedal 14, the position of the engine or transmission, the position of the first swing rod 15, and the position of the second swing rod 16. Theoretical length, the first wire rope 12 is routed from the brake pedal 14 to the first swing rod 15 from the edge floor of the racing cockpit, bypassing the driver's seat, and the card can be used for routing A buckle or a threaded support or a wire rope sleeve is used for local limitation, so as to ensure that the driver does not interfere with the first wire rope 12 when stepping on the brake pedal; in order to save costs, the first wire rope 12 and the second wire rope 25 For Chevrolet New Sail 1.4 clutch cable, or Changhebei Douxing clutch cable, or Foton L0162030018A0 clutch cable, or other types of automobile clutch cable; when using the above automobile clutch cable, it includes the cable body, support, manual length adjustment In addition, the use principle of the first wire rope 12 and the second wire rope 25 in this solution is consistent with the use principle of the automobile clutch cable, and the existing automobile clutch cable can be directly used.

The use method of the utility model is as follows: when the racer lightly brakes or depresses the brake pedal 14 slowly, the webbing 23 in the retractor 24 is pulled out and moves together with the first wire rope 12, and the retractor 24 body is in the first turn. If there is no movement under the action of the position spring 43, the second wire rope 25, the first swing rod 15, and the second swing rod 16 do not move, there is no pressing force between the tensioning pulley 20 and the belt 5, the rotating shaft 1 does not rotate, and electricity is generated. machine does not work;

When the racer rushes on the brake pedal 14, the webbing 23 in the retractor 24 is stuck and does not extend, then the casing of the retractor 24 overcomes the elastic force of the first return spring 43, and communicates with the first wire rope 12, the second The two steel wire ropes 25 move together to drive the first swing rod 15 and the second swing rod 16 to move, so that the slider 18 moves along the guide rail 19, and the tensioner 20 presses the belt 5, so that the belt 5 can transmit the output torque of the engine or transmission. For the rotating shaft 1, the generator 6 set on the rotating shaft 1 starts to generate electricity, and provides braking resistance to the racing car. The current from the generator 6 is rectified by the rectifier and transferred to the battery for storage. This solution is only for the braking part of the racing car. For innovation, the generator, rectifier and battery parts can be directly matched with the manufacturers recommended by the FSAE organizing committee, or can be purchased by yourself. For example, the 48V/60V generator components developed by Oumai Electromechanical Controllers, batteries, and brake energy recovery devices from other manufacturers can also be used.

Slowly release the brake pedal 14, so that the retractor 24 returns to its original position under the action of the first return spring 43, and at this time the retractor 24 returns to its original state, and the webbing 23 can be pulled out or stuck again; In actual use, if the brake pedal 14 is suddenly stepped on and then released quickly, the retractor 24 can be returned, and the webbing 23 in the retractor 24 is still stuck, at this time, the brake pedal 14 can be tapped lightly, Then loosen it again, the webbing 23 can be released from the stuck state, and the retractor 24 can return to the initial state;

A better embodiment is: the length of the webbing 23 that can extend out of the retractor 24 is defined as the first length, and the length of the webbing 23 that can be extended after the brake pedal 14 is stepped to the bottom without being caught by the retractor 24 . The length is defined as the second length, and the first length is smaller than the second length; in this way, when the racer slowly steps on the brake for a long time, when the webbing 23 slowly extends out of the retractor 24, the generator does not work, and when the webbing After the retractor 24 has been fully extended, it continues to move with the retractor 24, and the generator starts to work at this time, that is, when the driver needs a large braking force and the pedaling speed is slow, the Part of the energy can be recovered, which is common in the braking process of the car after accelerating on a straight track;

The special braking device of this scheme can effectively adapt to the automatic opening or closing of the braking energy recovery mechanism under different braking conditions of the racing car, and the use effect is good. There is no need to set up additional sensors and electronic control systems, and no need for racing drivers to control it alone. It is safe and easy to use, and the braking device can be directly retrofitted on existing racing cars. The braking energy recovery mechanism, coil The retractor, webbing, and pull rope can be directly purchased or installed using mature products of mass-produced cars. The structure is simple and the cost is low, which is very suitable for the use of formula student racing.

Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, for those skilled in the art, it is still possible to modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or perform equivalent replacements for some of the technical features. Within the spirit and principle of the present utility model, any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made shall be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims (3)

1. The special braking device for the electric racing car of the Formula Student is characterized in that: the moving device includes a braking mechanism that has been installed on the electric racing car, and a braking energy recovery mechanism, and the braking mechanism is an existing braking mechanism for the racing car. hydraulic disc brake mechanism or electric drive disc brake mechanism; The braking energy recovery mechanism comprises a connecting rod (11) welded at the front end of the brake pedal (14), the connecting rod (11) is perpendicular to the length direction of the brake pedal (14), and the connecting rod (11) is close to the outside of the racing car One end of the first wire rope (12) is inserted into the through hole provided at one end of the wire rope (12), the other end of the first wire rope (12) is tightly connected with one end of the buckle (21), and the slot of the buckle (21) is connected to the insertion plate The tongue pieces of (22) cooperate with each other, the insert plate (22) is tightly connected with one end of the webbing (23), and the other end of the webbing (23) is inserted into the retractor (24), and the shell of the retractor (24) It is connected with one end of the second steel wire rope (25) through a buckle/insert plate or is fastened, and the shell of the retractor (24) is connected with the first slider (41) by a snap connection or bolt connection, and the first slider ( 41) Slide along the second horizontal guide rail (42), the second horizontal guide rail (42) is installed at the corresponding position of the racing car frame by means of bolts or welding, and the second horizontal guide rail (42) is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the racing car; the first slider ( One end face of 41) is welded or snap-connected to one end of the first return spring (43), and the other end of the first return spring (43) is welded or snap-connected to the steel pipe of the racing car frame; The other end of the second wire rope (25) is tightly connected with one end of the first swing rod (15) or connected by a lifting ring or a hook. The other end of the swing rod (15) is hinged with one end of the second swing rod (16), the other end of the second swing rod (16) is hinged with the bottom of the fork rod body of the shift fork (17), and the fork of the shift fork (17) is hinged The fork ring at the end of the rod is sleeved in the annular groove provided on the outer side of the second sliding block (18), and the second sliding block (18) is matched with the horizontal guide rail (19) provided on the steel pipe of the racing frame, and the horizontal The guide rail (19) is arranged along the longitudinal direction of the racing car; the shift fork (17) slides along the horizontal guide rail (19); a circular hole is provided on one side of the second sliding block (18), and the tension wheel (20) is inserted into the circular hole The tensioning wheel (20) is in close contact with the outer side of the belt (5), one end of the belt (5) is sleeved on the rotating shaft (1), and the other end is sleeved on the engine output shaft or the transmission output shaft; the first The outer side surface of one end of a pendulum rod (15) is welded or snap-connected to one end of the second return spring (10), and the other end of the second return spring (10) is connected to one end surface of the second slider (18). Welded connection or snap connection; The rotating shaft (1) is located above the engine or the transmission, and needle roller bearings are sleeved at both ends of the rotating shaft (1), and the needle roller bearings are installed in a cylindrical bearing support (2), and the bearing support (2) is far away from A square support lug (3) with a through hole is sleeved or welded at one end of the center of the rotating shaft (1), and the support lug (3) is connected with the square support with threaded holes welded at the corresponding position on the racing car frame by bolts. The generator (6) is sleeved on the central outer side of the rotating shaft (1), the base flange of the generator (6) is connected with the square support with threaded holes welded at the corresponding position on the frame of the racing car, and the generator (6) ) and the frame of the connecting bolt with a rubber sleeve on the outside. 2. The special braking device for a Formula Student electric racing car according to claim 1, characterized in that: the structures of the buckle (21) and the insert plate (22) are consistent with the structures of the insert buckle and the insert plate for automobile seat belts The structure of the webbing (23) is consistent with that of the webbing used for automobile seat belts; the structure of the retractor (24) is consistent with the structure of the webbing used for pulling out the acceleration-sensitive retractor for automobile seat belts. 3. The special braking device for Formula Student electric racing according to claim 1, characterized in that: the length of the webbing (23) that can extend out of the retractor (24) is defined as the first length, and the brake pedal (14) ) and the webbing (23) protruding length is defined as the second length under the condition that the webbing (23) is not caught by the retractor (24) after stepping to the bottom, and the first length is smaller than the second length.

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