CN210564867U

CN210564867U - Moving blade water turbine

Info

Publication number: CN210564867U
Application number: CN201921429722.3U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王彬; 王祯; 王跃皓; 姚丽
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2019-08-30
Filing date: 2019-08-30
Publication date: 2020-05-19
Anticipated expiration: 2029-08-30

Abstract

The utility model provides a movable blade water turbine, which comprises a pump shell, a first transition connecting plate, a second transition connecting plate, a front side plate and a rear side plate, wherein at least part of the upper end cover and the lower end cover are in the shape of circular arc, the radius of the upper end cover part is smaller, and the upper end cover part and the lower end cover part which are in the shape of circular arc are connected through the two transition connecting plates; the two transition connecting plates are respectively provided with a water inlet and a water outlet; a rotor is arranged in an inner space formed by the upper end cover, the lower end cover, the first transition connecting plate, the second transition connecting plate, the front side plate and the rear side plate; the rotor is internally provided with a rotating shaft, the rotating shaft forms an eccentric structure in the pump shell, and the rotating shaft is connected with the front side plate and the rear side plate through bearings; the surface of the rotor is movably connected with a plurality of blades, a water inlet is arranged on a transition connecting plate corresponding to the opening direction of the blades, the blades can rotate freely locally by taking the movable connecting ends as the circle center, the blades can rotate freely to be separated from the surface of the rotor, and the tail ends of the blades can be attached to the inner wall of a pump shell to slide. The movable blade water turbine has high efficiency, simple structure and low manufacturing cost.

Description

Moving blade water turbine

Technical Field

The utility model relates to a hydraulic turbine technical field especially relates to a movable vane hydraulic turbine.

Background

China is a large ocean country and has a long coastline of nearly twenty thousand kilometers, and a chess of Hongwan Xinluo and cape. The tidal energy which can be utilized by us has huge reserve, nearly 2 hundred million KW, and is inexhaustible safe and reliable clean energy. Meanwhile, China is a country with abundant land and river hydraulic resources. According to statistics, the theoretical storage amount of continental hydraulic resources in China is nearly 7 hundred million KW, and the development amount can be 5.4 hundred million KW. From the tidal power station built in China at present, the running and operating conditions are generally unsatisfactory, and the common fault exists, namely high unit cost, large civil engineering quantity, low running efficiency and slow investment recovery. Some depend on local government subsidies, some depend on cultivation and various operations to obtain the return, seriously restrict the investment enthusiasm of people on tidal power generation, and influence the development and utilization of the tidal energy which is a precious high-quality green new energy. From the perspective of river hydroelectric power generation, except for some large hydroelectric power generation facilities, water energy utilization in a gentle water flow area is also a difficult problem. The fundamental crux of these problems is that no reasonable and economically applicable water turbine with ultra-low head characteristics is available.

There are two main classes of water turbines in use today, namely, reaction turbines and impulse turbines. From the working principle and process of the reaction type water turbine, when water flow finally acts on the impeller, the direction of the force is tangent to the impeller surface, and only partial component force vertical to the shaft is generated to push the water turbine to rotate. As shown in fig. 1, if the angle between the water flow direction and the impeller surface is a, and the water flow power is F (water), it can be derived from the parallelogram law of force, and the vertical positive pressure acting on the impeller surface is F (pressure) ═ F (water) × sinA, and the effective acting force that pushes the turbine to rotate and is perpendicular to the shaft is F (existence) ═ F (water) × sinA cosA. sinA cosA maximum is 0.5, so F (present) does not exceed 1/2 of F (water), and water power is not fully effective; although the working principle of the bucket impact type water turbine is different from that of the reaction type, the bucket impact type water turbine works by impacting the bucket with high-speed water flow, in the working process, the water flow is splashed and dissipated, the part of water still has larger kinetic energy, and even the splashing process generates reaction impact on other buckets, so that the efficiency of the water turbine is greatly influenced.

SUMMERY OF THE UTILITY MODEL

In order to solve the problem that exists among the prior art, the utility model provides a movable vane hydraulic turbine that high efficiency, simple structure, low in manufacturing cost to fill the blank of low head hydraulic turbine lectotype, be applicable to various hydroelectric power generation application environment, be used for the place of big flood peak to have the advantage that high efficiency, investment economize equally.

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a movable blade water turbine, which comprises a pump casing, wherein the pump casing comprises an upper end cover, a lower end cover, a first transition connecting plate, a second transition connecting plate, a front side plate and a rear side plate, wherein at least a part of the upper end cover is arc-shaped, at least a part of the lower end cover is arc-shaped, the radius of the arc-shaped upper end cover part is smaller than that of the arc-shaped lower end cover part, and two ends of the arc-shaped upper end cover part and two ends of the arc-shaped lower end cover part are respectively connected together through the first transition connecting plate and the second transition connecting plate; the first transition connecting plate is provided with a water inlet or a water outlet, the second transition connecting plate is provided with a water outlet or a water inlet, the front side plate is respectively connected with the upper end cover, the lower end cover, the first transition connecting plate and the second transition connecting plate, and the rear side plate is respectively connected with the upper end cover, the lower end cover, the first transition connecting plate and the second transition connecting plate; a rotor is arranged in an inner space formed by the upper end cover, the lower end cover, the first transition connecting plate, the second transition connecting plate, the front side plate and the rear side plate; a rotating shaft is arranged in the rotor, an eccentric structure is formed in a pump shell of the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is close to the upper end cover, and the rotating shaft is connected with the front side plate and the rear side plate through bearings; the surface of the rotor is movably connected with a plurality of blades, all the blades are distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotor, a water inlet is arranged on a transition connecting plate corresponding to the opening direction of the blades, the transition connecting plate is a first transition connecting plate or a second transition connecting plate, the blades can rotate freely locally by taking the movable connecting ends as the circle center, the blades can rotate freely to be separated from the surface of the rotor, and the tail ends of the blades can be attached to the inner wall of a pump shell to slide.

Preferably, the rotating shaft, the arc-shaped upper end cover portion, and the arc-shaped lower end cover portion are concentric circles.

Preferably, the upper end cover, the lower end cover, the front side plate and the rear side plate on the outer side of the first transition connecting plate can form a water inlet channel or a water outlet channel, and the upper end cover, the lower end cover, the front side plate and the rear side plate on the outer side of the second transition connecting plate can form a water outlet channel or a water inlet channel.

Preferably, the rotor is a cylinder with saw-tooth shape, a plurality of saw-tooth grooves are formed on the outer surface of the rotor, all the saw-tooth grooves are distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotor, a blade plate is movably connected in each saw-tooth groove, and the blade plate can rotate locally and freely by taking the movable connecting end of the blade plate as the center of a circle.

Preferably, the blades are arc-shaped.

Preferably, the end of the vane is further provided with a roller, and the roller can reduce the friction resistance between the end of the vane and the pump casing.

Preferably, a groove is correspondingly formed in the rotor at each sawtooth groove, a spring is arranged in each groove, and the spring is further connected with the blade.

Preferably, the movable connecting end of the blade is mounted through a pin shaft, the pin shaft is parallel to the rotating shaft, and the blade can rotate freely around the pin shaft partially.

The beneficial effects of this scheme of the utility model reside in that above-mentioned movable vane hydraulic turbine's advantage as follows:

firstly, the arrangement mode of the water turbine blade plate is different from the existing water turbines essentially, and the whole kinetic energy of water can be fully absorbed.

And secondly, the arrangement of the rotatable blade plate and the eccentric structure of the rotating shaft can improve the running efficiency of the water turbine.

And thirdly, all water flows pass through the lower part of the water turbine, and the larger potential energy of water can be fully utilized in a low water head environment.

Fourthly, the manufacturing is simple, the steel consumption is less, deep excavation is not needed in civil engineering, and the investment is saved.

Fifth, the utility model relates to a movable vane hydraulic turbine is a high-efficient hydraulic turbine, can solve under the big-traffic operating mode of present low head, the technical problem of tidal power generation and the low of river hydroelectric generation hydraulic turbine efficiency, and more importantly can solve the problem that the investment that leads to from this is big, the rate of return is low, the fund is retrieved the difficulty.

Drawings

Fig. 1 shows a schematic view of the working principle of a prior art reaction turbine.

Fig. 2 shows a schematic structural view of a movable blade water turbine according to the present invention.

Reference numerals: 1-upper end cover, 2-lower end cover, 3-first transition connecting plate, 4-second transition connecting plate, 5-water inlet channel, 6-water outlet channel, 7-rotating shaft, 8-rotor, 9-sawtooth groove, 10-blade plate, 11-roller, 12-groove and 13-spring.

Detailed Description

The following description will further describe embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in fig. 2, the movable blade water turbine of the present invention includes a pump casing, i.e., a stator, the pump casing includes an upper end cap 1, a lower end cap 2, a first transition connecting plate 3, a second transition connecting plate 4, a front side plate and a rear side plate, wherein at least a portion of the upper end cap 1 is arc-shaped, at least a portion of the lower end cap 2 is also arc-shaped, and the radius of the portion of the upper end cap 1 which is arc-shaped is smaller than the radius of the portion of the lower end cap 2 which is arc-shaped, the portion of the upper end cap 1 which is arc-shaped and the portion of the lower end cap 2 which is arc-shaped are concentric circles, and both ends of the portion of the upper end cap 1 which is arc-shaped and both ends of the portion of the lower end cap 2; a water inlet or a water outlet is arranged on the first transition connecting plate 3, a water outlet or a water inlet is arranged on the second transition connecting plate 4, and in the embodiment, a water inlet is arranged on the second transition connecting plate 4; the front side plate is respectively connected with the upper end cover 1, the lower end cover 2, the first transition connecting plate 3 and the second transition connecting plate 4, and the rear side plate is respectively connected with the upper end cover 1, the lower end cover 2, the first transition connecting plate 3 and the second transition connecting plate 4; first transition connecting plate 3 the outside upper end cover 1, lower extreme cover 2, preceding curb plate and posterior lateral plate can form into water channel 5 or go out water channel 6 the outside of second transition connecting plate 4 upper end cover 1, lower extreme cover 2, preceding curb plate and posterior lateral plate can form out water channel 6 or inhalant canal 5, in this embodiment the outside of second transition connecting plate 4 upper end cover 1, lower extreme cover 2, preceding curb plate and posterior lateral plate form inhalant canal 5.

A rotor 8 is arranged in an inner space formed by the upper end cover 1, the lower end cover 2, the first transition connecting plate 3, the second transition connecting plate 4, the front side plate and the rear side plate; the rotor 8 is provided with a rotating shaft 7, the arc-shaped upper end cover 1 and the arc-shaped lower end cover 2 are concentric circles, the rotating shaft 7 forms an eccentric structure in a pump shell, the rotating shaft 7 is close to the upper end cover 1, the rotating shaft 7 is connected with the front side plate and the rear side plate through bearings, and the rotating shaft 7 is used for externally connecting a generator.

The surface of the rotor 8 is movably connected with a plurality of blades 10, all the blades 10 are distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotor 8, a water inlet is arranged on a transition connecting plate corresponding to the opening direction of the blades 10, the transition connecting plate is a first transition connecting plate 3 or a second transition connecting plate 4, the blades 10 can rotate freely locally by taking a movable connecting end of the blades as a circle center, the blades 10 can rotate freely to be separated from the surface of the rotor 8, and the tail ends of the blades 10 can be attached to the inner wall of a pump shell to slide.

In this embodiment, the rotor 8 is a cylinder with a saw-tooth shape, a plurality of saw-tooth grooves 9 are formed on the outer surface of the rotor 8, all the saw-tooth grooves 9 are distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotor 8, blades 10 are movably connected in the saw-tooth grooves 9, the blades 10 are arc-shaped, in this embodiment, the movable connecting ends of the blades 10 are installed at the saw-tooth grooves 9 through pins, the pins are parallel to the rotating shaft 7, and the blades 10 can rotate freely around the pins, that is, the blades 10 can rotate freely around the movable connecting ends thereof. The end of the vane 10 may be provided with a roller 11, and the roller 11 can reduce the friction resistance between the end of the vane 10 and the pump casing.

In order to make each blade 10 rotate with the rotor 8 to the relevant position, the blade 10 can be quickly separated from the surface of the rotor 8, a groove 12 is correspondingly arranged on the rotor 8 at each sawtooth groove 9, a spring 13 is arranged in the groove 12, the spring 13 is also connected with the blade 10, when the spring 13 is in a natural state, the blade 10 is in a state of being separated from the surface of the rotor 8, and the spring 13 also plays a role of buffering.

In a specific use process, at the water inlet side, under the pushing of water flow, the rotor 8 rotates along the clockwise direction, due to the combined action of centrifugal force, gravity and elastic force, the blade plates 10 are separated from the surface of the rotor 8, the tail ends of the blade plates 10 cling to the inner wall surface of the pump shell to slide, and the maximum state is reached, the water flow releases the maximum kinetic energy, and the water turbine is pushed to rotate.

On the water outlet side, when the vanes 10 rotate upward, the vanes 10 rotate to gradually retract into the serrated grooves 9 under the pressure of the inner wall of the pump housing, abut the surface of the rotor 8, and discharge the water. The blade 10 is finally stuck in the sawtooth groove 9 on the surface of the rotor 8 and is ready to enter the next working process. Due to the action of the eccentric structure, the blades 10 are alternately separated from and close to the surface of the rotor 8, and water flow generates driving force on the opened blades 10, so that work is done.

The utility model relates to a movable vane hydraulic turbine adopts horizontal arranging, and rivers can only pass through from the hydraulic turbine bottom like this to only produce the pushing action to the lamina that gets into lower part in the hydraulic turbine, simultaneously, horizontal arranging can furthest improve equipment overflow, improves the unit capacity, and economy is succinct.

The utility model relates to a movable vane hydraulic turbine's advantage as follows:

Claims

1. A movable vane water turbine is characterized in that: the pump comprises a pump shell, wherein the pump shell comprises an upper end cover, a lower end cover, a first transition connecting plate, a second transition connecting plate, a front side plate and a rear side plate, at least part of the upper end cover is arc-shaped, at least part of the lower end cover is also arc-shaped, the radius of the arc-shaped upper end cover part is smaller than that of the arc-shaped lower end cover part, and two ends of the arc-shaped upper end cover part and two ends of the arc-shaped lower end cover part are respectively connected together through the first transition connecting plate and the second transition connecting plate; the first transition connecting plate is provided with a water inlet or a water outlet, the second transition connecting plate is provided with a water outlet or a water inlet, the front side plate is respectively connected with the upper end cover, the lower end cover, the first transition connecting plate and the second transition connecting plate, and the rear side plate is respectively connected with the upper end cover, the lower end cover, the first transition connecting plate and the second transition connecting plate; a rotor is arranged in an inner space formed by the upper end cover, the lower end cover, the first transition connecting plate, the second transition connecting plate, the front side plate and the rear side plate; a rotating shaft is arranged in the rotor, an eccentric structure is formed in a pump shell of the rotating shaft, the rotating shaft is close to the upper end cover, and the rotating shaft is connected with the front side plate and the rear side plate through bearings; the surface of the rotor is movably connected with a plurality of blades, all the blades are distributed along the circumferential direction of the rotor, a water inlet is arranged on a transition connecting plate corresponding to the opening direction of the blades, the transition connecting plate is a first transition connecting plate or a second transition connecting plate, the blades can rotate freely locally by taking the movable connecting ends as the circle center, the blades can rotate freely to be separated from the surface of the rotor, and the tail ends of the blades can be attached to the inner wall of a pump shell to slide.

2. The bucket hydraulic turbine according to claim 1, wherein: the rotating shaft, the arc-shaped upper end cover part and the arc-shaped lower end cover part are concentric circles.

3. The bucket hydraulic turbine according to claim 1 or 2, wherein: the upper end cover, the lower end cover, the front side plate and the rear side plate on the outer side of the first transition connecting plate can form a water inlet channel or a water outlet channel, and the upper end cover, the lower end cover, the front side plate and the rear side plate on the outer side of the second transition connecting plate can form a water outlet channel or a water inlet channel.

4. The bucket hydraulic turbine according to claim 1, wherein: the rotor adopts the cylinder that has the cockscomb structure the surface of rotor forms a plurality of sawtooth ditches, and all sawtooth ditches are along the circumference distribution of rotor, and swing joint has the acanthus in the sawtooth ditch, the acanthus can use its swing joint end to carry out local free rotation as the centre of a circle.

5. The bucket turbine according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: the blade plate is arc-shaped.

6. The bucket hydraulic turbine according to claim 1, wherein: the tail end of the vane plate is also provided with a roller which can reduce the friction resistance between the tail end of the vane plate and the pump shell.

7. The bucket turbine according to claim 4, wherein: and a groove is correspondingly arranged on the rotor at each sawtooth groove, a spring is arranged in each groove, and the spring is also connected with the blade plate.

8. The bucket turbine according to claim 1 or 4, characterized in that: the movable connecting ends of the blades are installed through pin shafts, the pin shafts are parallel to the rotating shaft, and the blades can rotate locally and freely around the pin shafts.