CN210419941U - Decentralized Domestic Waste Bioreactor - Google Patents
Decentralized Domestic Waste Bioreactor Download PDFInfo
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- CN210419941U CN210419941U CN201920761018.1U CN201920761018U CN210419941U CN 210419941 U CN210419941 U CN 210419941U CN 201920761018 U CN201920761018 U CN 201920761018U CN 210419941 U CN210419941 U CN 210419941U
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- cylinder
- leachate
- domestic waste
- garbage
- side wall
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- 239000010791 domestic waste Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- 239000010813 municipal solid waste Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 62
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 6
- 238000009423 ventilation Methods 0.000 claims abstract 9
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 238000001802 infusion Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims abstract 2
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003915 air pollution Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 18
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 8
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 5
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 4
- 230000004151 fermentation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005485 electric heating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 2
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 230000000149 penetrating effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 2
- 208000003251 Pruritus Diseases 0.000 description 1
- 239000002154 agricultural waste Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000052616 bacterial pathogen Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000015556 catabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000006731 degradation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000593 degrading effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002349 favourable effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000011389 fruit/vegetable juice Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000003673 groundwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005286 illumination Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009776 industrial production Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007803 itching Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007726 management method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001932 seasonal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003900 soil pollution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000002352 surface water Substances 0.000 description 1
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- Processing Of Solid Wastes (AREA)
Abstract
分散式生活垃圾生物反应器，包括反应器筒体，在筒体外侧依次设有加热层和保温层，在筒体内部设有通气管，该通气管上设有透气孔；在筒体底部设有渗滤液储存腔，该渗滤液储存腔由筒体侧壁、下底板、以及带有渗液孔的上底板围合而成，在渗滤液储存腔内设有输送泵，输送泵通过输液管连接至筒体内部上方设置的渗滤液管道，在该渗滤液管道上开设有滴液孔；在筒体顶板上还设有密封进料口以及收集沼气的出气口，在筒体侧壁上开设有密封出料口。本实用新型能够解决垃圾分散且量少、难以处理，减少处理垃圾时产生的气体对空气的污染、产生渗滤液、需要能源的问题。
The distributed domestic waste bioreactor includes a reactor barrel, a heating layer and a thermal insulation layer are arranged on the outside of the barrel in sequence, and a ventilation pipe is arranged inside the barrel, and the ventilation pipe is provided with ventilation holes; There is a leachate storage cavity. The leachate storage cavity is enclosed by the side wall of the cylinder, the lower bottom plate, and the upper bottom plate with seepage holes. A transfer pump is arranged in the leachate storage cavity, and the transfer pump passes through the infusion pipe. It is connected to the leachate pipeline arranged above the inside of the cylinder body, and a drip hole is opened on the leachate pipeline; the top plate of the cylinder body is also provided with a sealing feed port and an outlet for collecting biogas, which is opened on the side wall of the cylinder body There is a sealed outlet. The utility model can solve the problems that the garbage is scattered, the quantity is small, and it is difficult to handle, and the air pollution caused by the gas generated when the garbage is processed can be reduced, the leachate is generated, and the energy is required.
Description
Technical Field
The utility model belongs to agricultural waste resource utilization field, concretely relates to distributed domestic waste bioreactor.
Background
The urbanization process of China is accelerated continuously, and the importance of the garbage disposal on the environment is generally accepted from the government to the folk. According to statistics (the data is still growing), people in large and medium-sized cities in China produce 440 kg of garbage annually, annual discharge amount of domestic garbage in cities and towns exceeds 2 hundred million tons, annual garbage inventory reaches 60 hundred million tons, and the annual garbage inventory still grows at a speed of 8-10% per year. In the city enclosed by garbage in various cities, counties and towns in China, untreated garbage is randomly piled in the open air or accumulated along dead corners of rivers, ditches and cities, odor, germs and juice of the untreated garbage cause serious atmospheric pollution, water body pollution and soil pollution, a large amount of land resources are occupied, the sustainable development of the cities is severely restricted, and governments in various places face a difficult problem of light or heavy garbage treatment.
For a long time, most of municipal wastes in China are treated by waste land stacking and simple landfill, not only occupies a large amount of land, but also generates a large amount of leachate and harmful gas, and causes serious secondary pollution to soil, underground water and air. Along with the worsening of the garbage pollution problem, domestic large and medium cities have paid attention to the garbage disposal problem, but due to various reasons such as technology lagging, land restriction, limited ability and method, the disposal level still has a large gap with the requirements of marketization and industrialization. This is especially the case in rural areas. At present, the common methods for treating garbage in China comprise: burying, burning and recycling.
Burying: china has large land area, so the land is the most common land. The advantages are that: simple and convenient treatment, wide application range, large treatment capacity and the like, and has the following defects: landfill, generally referred to as sanitary landfill, is the most common method for disposing garbage, i.e. collecting the garbage generated by us to a place with few people for harmless disposal, and what is referred to as harmless treatment herein is the goal of our to make the garbage harmless, but what is actually done? A rubbish sanitary landfill site has not only taken a large amount of land resources, will cause long-term influence to the environment of periphery after rubbish is filled down, including air, surface water, groundwater, soil all aspects to after rubbish is filled down, need the maintenance control up to several decades, could reach the shut-off state, maintain badly during this period, probably explode, land utilization after the shut-off is also a more troublesome problem, can't eat by planting absolutely, can't build the house absolutely.
And (3) incineration: it is not commonly used in cities because citizens react too violently. The advantages are that: the best capacity reduction, harmlessness and resource utilization have the following defects: secondary pollution is inevitable.
Resource utilization: is the most potential and hopeful solution. However, the current technology is immature, the system is incomplete, the consciousness of citizens cannot reach the standard, the first step of resource utilization is the most critical garbage classification, and the resource utilization is not ideal, so that garbage disposal plants in various places can realize landfill and incineration of the garbage.
The aspect of garbage classification can be used for reference by the garbage classification in Japan, and the garbage classification is already performed at each household at the first time of garbage generation and then is put into garbage points of various districts, so that much work is required for garbage disposal plants.
The anaerobic fermentation post-utilization is a better treatment and utilization method for recycling garbage: compared with the above, it has the following advantages: 1, the land resource is greatly saved. 2 has little or no effect on the surrounding environment. And 3, centralized processing and management are facilitated. 4 can be converted into energy (methane) for use. However, at present, no treatment facility for anaerobic fermentation of distributed domestic garbage exists.
Disclosure of Invention
The utility model aims at providing a distributed domestic waste bioreactor can solve 1 rural area rubbish kind many, and rubbish dispersion and volume are few, the problem that is difficult to handle, 2 equipment refuse disposal, the problem of the gas pollution to the air that produces when reducing refuse disposal, 3 the problem of the filtration liquid that refuse disposal produced, 4 the problem that refuse disposal needs the energy. The method has the advantages that 1 standard equipment can be formed through industrial production, batch sale can be realized, 2 an energy circulating system is formed, percolate cannot be discharged, 3 generated marsh gas is collected in a centralized mode and used for power generation and self-use of the equipment, and 4 different specifications are suitable for vast rural areas according to the quantity of garbage generated.
The utility model adopts the technical proposal that:
the distributed domestic garbage bioreactor comprises a reactor barrel, wherein a heating layer and a heat preservation layer are sequentially arranged on the outer side of the barrel, a vent pipe is arranged in the barrel, and vent holes are formed in the vent pipe;
the bottom of the barrel is provided with a percolate storage cavity, the percolate storage cavity is formed by enclosing the side wall of the barrel, a lower bottom plate and an upper bottom plate with percolate holes and is used for temporarily storing liquid generated when the garbage is degraded, and the liquid is pumped and flows back to the reaction barrel for fermentation and degradation of the garbage. The liquid is rich in nutrient substances and can be used for generating methane, a delivery pump is arranged in the percolate storage cavity, the delivery pump is connected to a percolate pipeline arranged above the inner part of the barrel through a liquid conveying pipe, and a liquid dripping hole is formed in the percolate pipeline; the percolate pipeline is connected to the top plate of the barrel through a fixing device.
The top plate of the barrel is also provided with a sealed feed inlet and a gas outlet for collecting methane, and the side wall of the barrel is provided with a sealed discharge outlet for discharging residual residue after reaction.
Furthermore, a temperature sensor is arranged on the inner side of the top plate, and is connected with a control system arranged on the outer wall of the cylinder body, so that the temperature in the cylinder body is controlled to be 35 +/-2 ℃.
Furthermore, the heating layer adopts an electric heating mode, and the heat transfer medium is heat transfer oil or a resistance wire.
Furthermore, the breather pipe is the type of falling T, is equipped with valve switch at the horizontal segment both ends of breather pipe for adjust the air input, be the total anaerobism or the facultative fermentation to the rubbish in the adjustment barrel, and the main part of horizontal segment is located filtration liquid and stores the intracavity, is equipped with the apron on vertical section top, in order to prevent rubbish entering breather pipe.
Furthermore, a garbage lifting device is arranged on the side wall of the side opposite to the sealed discharge port, the garbage lifting device comprises a supporting plate fixed on the side wall, a two-way motor and a track are arranged on the supporting plate, a rotating shaft of the two-way motor is connected with a screw rod, a sliding block with an internal thread is sleeved on the screw rod, a hopper is fixed on the sliding block, and the hopper is connected with the track in a sliding mode. When rubbish is filled in the barrel, the bidirectional motor drives the hopper to ascend to the top of the barrel through the screw rod, the hopper is in non-penetrating sliding connection with the rail and is in laminating sliding connection, therefore, the hopper is manually pulled in the horizontal plane, the hopper can be separated from the rail and rotate to the upper side of the feeding hole along the screw rod in a rotating mode, the bottom plate of the hopper is movably installed, the bottom plate is pulled out, and the rubbish can fall into the barrel to be filled.
Furthermore, the gas outlet for collecting the biogas is connected with a wet gas holder or other gas storage containers, and is connected to a biogas generator through a pipeline, and the generated biogas is used for generating power, so that energy is provided for the reactor, and the effect of recycling is achieved.
Furthermore, universal wheels are arranged below the lower bottom plate, so that the reactor can move conveniently.
The utility model has the advantages that:
the utility model discloses a mode of heating, adoption airtight environment for rubbish produces the infiltration liquid through anaerobic microorganism reaction, recycles the pump and carries this infiltration liquid to the filtration liquid pipeline at barrel top in, makes in liquid drips into rubbish again, reaches the effect of recycling, makes rubbish obtain abundant reaction, and the at utmost reaches innoxiousization.
Through the temperature control system who sets up, the temperature in the real-time supervision barrel combines the breather pipe that has the valve switch again, adjusts the temperature in the barrel and the environment to optimum, is favorable to rubbish reaction decomposition.
The garbage lifting device is arranged, automatic lifting and garbage filling are achieved, labor is saved, and efficiency is improved.
In addition, the reactor of the utility model can adapt to the characteristics of small quantity of domestic garbage, dispersion and large seasonal change in rural and remote areas.
The utility model discloses can only utilize the moisture that rubbish self contains, obtain more filtrating through constantly reacting, and then reach the repeated reaction and decompose, therefore, need not add water treatment, filtrating is at the system inner loop all the time moreover, does not have outer system of arranging, can not take place secondary pollution.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing the overall structure of the reactor of the present invention;
in the figure, (1) a sealed discharge hole, (2) a heat preservation layer, (3) a barrel, (4) a heating layer, (5) a control system, (6) a temperature sensor, (7) a top plate, (8) a fixing device, (9) an air outlet, (10) a sealed feed hole, (11) a liquid dropping hole, (12) a track, (13) a screw rod, (14) a liquid conveying pipe, (15) a hopper, (16) a sliding block, (17) a two-way motor, (18) a support plate, (19) a conveying pump, (20) a vent hole, (21) a lower bottom plate, (22) a vent pipe, (23) a universal wheel, (24) an upper bottom plate and (25) a percolate pipeline.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1, the distributed domestic waste bioreactor comprises a reactor cylinder 3, a heating layer 4 and a heat preservation layer 2 are sequentially arranged outside the cylinder 3, a vent pipe 22 is arranged inside the cylinder 3, and the vent pipe is provided with air holes 20; the heating layer 4 adopts an electric heating mode, and a heat transfer medium is heat conduction oil; the ventilating pipe 22 is of an inverted T shape, valve switches are arranged at two ends of a horizontal section of the ventilating pipe and used for adjusting air inflow so as to adjust whether garbage in the barrel is completely anaerobic or itching fermentation, a main body part of the horizontal section is located in a percolate storage cavity, and a cover plate is arranged at the top end of a vertical section to prevent the garbage from entering the ventilating pipe.
The bottom of the barrel is provided with a percolate storage cavity, the percolate storage cavity is formed by enclosing the side wall of the barrel, a lower bottom plate 21 and an upper bottom plate 24 with percolate holes and is used for temporarily storing liquid generated when the garbage is degraded, and the liquid is pumped and flows back to the reaction barrel for fermenting and degrading the garbage. The liquid is rich in nutrient substances and can be used for generating biogas, a delivery pump 19 is arranged in the percolate storage cavity, the delivery pump 19 is connected to a percolate pipeline 25 arranged above the inner part of the barrel through a liquid conveying pipe 14, and a liquid dropping hole 11 is formed in the percolate pipeline 25; the percolate pipeline is connected to the top plate of the cylinder body through a fixing device 8.
A sealed feed inlet 10 and a gas outlet 9 for collecting methane are also arranged on the top plate 7 of the cylinder body, and a sealed discharge outlet 1 is arranged on the side wall of the cylinder body for discharging residual residues after reaction. A temperature sensor 6 is arranged on the inner side of the top plate 7, the temperature sensor 6 is connected with a control system 5 arranged on the outer wall of the cylinder body, and the temperature in the cylinder body is controlled to be 35 +/-2 ℃.
The side wall opposite to the sealed discharge hole 1 is provided with a garbage lifting device, the garbage lifting device comprises a supporting plate 18 fixed on the side wall, the supporting plate 18 is provided with a two-way motor 17 and a track 12, a rotating shaft of the two-way motor 17 is connected with a screw rod 13, the screw rod 13 is sleeved with a sliding block 16 with internal threads, the sliding block 16 is fixed with a hopper 15, and the hopper is connected with the track 12 in a sliding manner. When rubbish is filled in the barrel, the bidirectional motor drives the hopper to ascend to the top of the barrel through the screw rod, the hopper is in non-penetrating sliding connection with the rail and is in laminating sliding connection, therefore, the hopper is manually pulled in the horizontal plane, the hopper can be separated from the rail and rotate to the upper side of the feeding hole along the screw rod in a rotating mode, the bottom plate of the hopper is movably installed, the bottom plate is pulled out, and the rubbish can fall into the barrel to be filled.
The gas outlet 9 for collecting the biogas is connected with a wet gas holder or other gas storage containers, and is connected to a biogas generator through a pipeline, and the generated biogas is used for generating power, so that energy is provided for the reactor, and the effect of recycling is achieved. The universal wheels 23 are arranged below the lower bottom plate 21, so that the reactor can move conveniently.
The utility model discloses required power of motor, the required electric power of heating, at initial stage, when rubbish did not produce marsh gas yet promptly, can adopt the battery power supply, also can adopt the ordinary illumination power consumption. The final design is to use the methane generated by the system to generate electricity for use.
Claims (7)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920761018.1U CN210419941U (en) | 2019-05-24 | 2019-05-24 | Decentralized Domestic Waste Bioreactor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920761018.1U CN210419941U (en) | 2019-05-24 | 2019-05-24 | Decentralized Domestic Waste Bioreactor |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN210419941U true CN210419941U (en) | 2020-04-28 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201920761018.1U Expired - Fee Related CN210419941U (en) | 2019-05-24 | 2019-05-24 | Decentralized Domestic Waste Bioreactor |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN210419941U (en) |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110129185A (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2019-08-16 | 农业部沼气科学研究所 | Distributed domestic waste bioreactor |
-
2019
- 2019-05-24 CN CN201920761018.1U patent/CN210419941U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110129185A (en) * | 2019-05-24 | 2019-08-16 | 农业部沼气科学研究所 | Distributed domestic waste bioreactor |
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| Date | Code | Title | Description |
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| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee | ||
| CF01 | Termination of patent right due to non-payment of annual fee |
Granted publication date: 20200428 Termination date: 20210524 |