CN209863834U - Muscle oxygenation detection equipment based on NIRS technique - Google Patents
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Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型涉及生物医学工程技术领域，特别涉及一种基于NIRS技术的肌肉氧合检测设备。The utility model relates to the technical field of biomedical engineering, in particular to a muscle oxygenation detection device based on NIRS technology.
背景技术Background technique
研究表明，血红蛋白是组织中氧的主要载体，其由氧合血红蛋白(HbO2)和还原血红蛋白(Hb)组成，组织中的氧基本上是以组织内毛细血管中的氧合血红蛋白形式存在的。血氧饱和度是指HbO2在血红蛋白(即HbO2和Hb浓度之和)中含量的百分比，随着人体有氧代谢状况的变化，血氧饱和度会改变。Studies have shown that hemoglobin is the main carrier of oxygen in tissues, which is composed of oxyhemoglobin (HbO2) and reduced hemoglobin (Hb). Oxygen in tissues basically exists in the form of oxyhemoglobin in capillaries in tissues. Blood oxygen saturation refers to the percentage of HbO2 content in hemoglobin (that is, the sum of HbO2 and Hb concentrations). As the aerobic metabolism of the human body changes, blood oxygen saturation will change.
组织的氧饱和度是被测组织中微动脉、微静脉和毛细血管中各自血液的血氧饱和度之加权平均；由于微静脉血的流速相对较慢，因此其在血氧饱和度中占主要地位。组织的血氧饱和度可反映局部组织氧供应与氧消耗的动态平衡，在运动训练监测中具有重要意义。The oxygen saturation of the tissue is the weighted average of the oxygen saturation of blood in the arterioles, venules and capillaries in the measured tissue; because the flow rate of venule blood is relatively slow, it plays a major role in the blood oxygen saturation status. Tissue oxygen saturation can reflect the dynamic balance between local tissue oxygen supply and oxygen consumption, which is of great significance in the monitoring of exercise training.
临床上多用两种方法检测血液的血氧参量。一是有创血气分析，即从人体的大血管(动脉或静脉)抽血，用生化方法得到其血氧参量。二是检测指端脉搏血氧饱和度，这是无创的光学检测方法，其传感器夹在指端，检测原理基于指端动脉的搏动，即提取经指端衰减的出射光的交流(搏动)分量并进行计算获取。因此血氧饱和度实际上是动脉血的氧饱和度，只要人体指端动脉供氧正常，其一般接近100％。Clinically, two methods are used to detect blood oxygen parameters in blood. The first is invasive blood gas analysis, that is, blood is drawn from the large blood vessels (arteries or veins) of the human body, and blood oxygen parameters are obtained by biochemical methods. The second is to detect fingertip pulse oxygen saturation. This is a non-invasive optical detection method. The sensor is clamped on the fingertip. The detection principle is based on the pulsation of the fingertip artery, that is, the AC (pulse) component of the outgoing light attenuated by the fingertip is extracted. and perform calculations. Therefore, blood oxygen saturation is actually the oxygen saturation of arterial blood. As long as the human fingertip arterial oxygen supply is normal, it is generally close to 100%.
近红外光谱(near infrared spectroscopy，NIRS)技术已成为生物医学的重要分支。近红外光对人体组织有良好的穿透性，研究表明在波段HbO2和Hb是组织中主要的吸收体。因此将近红外光(光强数个mW即可)入射到人体组织表面，检测某一位置的出射光相对于入射光的衰减，就可得到组织氧合状况的有关信息。上述检测是无损、实时、连续的，这正是近红外光谱(NIRS)的突出优点。Near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) technology has become an important branch of biomedicine. Near-infrared light has good penetrability to human tissue, and studies have shown that in Bands HbO2 and Hb are the main absorbers in tissues. Therefore, the near-infrared light (the light intensity is only a few mW) is incident on the surface of human tissue, and the attenuation of the outgoing light at a certain position relative to the incident light can be detected to obtain relevant information about the oxygenation status of the tissue. The above detection is non-destructive, real-time and continuous, which is the outstanding advantage of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS).
近红外光谱(NIRS)技术可用于研究和检测体内感光物质的浓度。所发射的近红外光照射皮肤及皮下目标器官组织，其中一些光被对近红外光谱敏感的生物化学吸光组分吸收，没有被吸收的光被散射。每种生物化学组分具有不同的吸收光谱，通过测量穿过器官组织的近红外光学特征可以确定组织中感光的生物化学组分的浓度或变化量。Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) technology can be used to study and detect the concentration of photosensitive substances in the body. The emitted near-infrared light irradiates the skin and subcutaneous target organ tissue, some of the light is absorbed by biochemical light-absorbing components sensitive to the near-infrared spectrum, and the unabsorbed light is scattered. Each biochemical component has a different absorption spectrum, and the concentration or variation of the photosensitive biochemical component in the tissue can be determined by measuring the near-infrared optical characteristics passing through the organ tissue.
近红外光谱(NIRS)检测技术在化学和生物学研究、食品和药物的质量控制以及医疗器械与设备等领域中应用广泛。NIRS在医疗器械中的应用包括检测物器官组织内感光物质的浓度及其变化量或趋势和组织血氧饱和状况，为无创方法诊断生理和代谢性疾病提供临床依据。NIRS已成功用于大脑血氧饱和度检测和尿动力学的研究，也用于研究骨骼肌灌注氧饱和、乳腺组织肿瘤、皮肤癌、淋巴癌等。Near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) detection technology is widely used in chemical and biological research, quality control of food and pharmaceuticals, and medical devices and equipment. The application of NIRS in medical devices includes detecting the concentration of photosensitive substances in organ tissues and their changes or trends, as well as tissue oxygen saturation, providing clinical basis for non-invasive diagnosis of physiological and metabolic diseases. NIRS has been successfully used in the detection of blood oxygen saturation in the brain and the study of urodynamics, as well as in the study of skeletal muscle perfusion oxygen saturation, breast tissue tumors, skin cancer, lymphatic cancer, etc.
近红外光谱(NIRS)检测组织血氧参数的具体算法有如下三种。一是连续波(CW)方法，此时使用恒定强度的入射光，通过检测出射光相对于入射光的光强衰减，得到组织的血氧参数。二是相位调制(PMS)方法，此时入射光是高频(100-200MHZ)的正弦波，通过检测出射光相对入射光的强度衰减和相位延迟，得到组织的血氧参数。三是时间分辨光谱(TRS)方法，此时入射光是一个超短脉冲(脉宽为ps量级)，通过检测出射光的时间响应，得到组织的血氧参数。连续波(CW)方法最容易实现，临床应用最为广泛，而相位调制(PMS)和时间分辨光谱(TRS)方法实现相对困难。实用新型人经研究发现，目前利用近红外光测定组织氧含量的应用还比较少。There are three specific algorithms for detecting tissue blood oxygen parameters by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). The first is the continuous wave (CW) method. In this case, the incident light of constant intensity is used, and the blood oxygen parameter of the tissue is obtained by detecting the attenuation of the light intensity of the outgoing light relative to the incident light. The second is the phase modulation (PMS) method. At this time, the incident light is a high-frequency (100-200MHZ) sine wave. By detecting the intensity attenuation and phase delay of the outgoing light relative to the incident light, the blood oxygen parameters of the tissue are obtained. The third is the time-resolved spectroscopy (TRS) method. At this time, the incident light is an ultrashort pulse (the pulse width is on the order of ps), and the blood oxygen parameters of the tissue are obtained by detecting the time response of the outgoing light. The continuous wave (CW) method is the easiest to implement and the most widely used clinically, while the phase modulation (PMS) and time-resolved spectroscopy (TRS) methods are relatively difficult to implement. The utility model has found through research that there are still relatively few applications of measuring tissue oxygen content by near-infrared light.
实用新型内容Utility model content
基于此，为解决现有技术中的技术问题，特提出了一种基于NIRS技术的肌肉氧合检测设备，包括：Based on this, in order to solve the technical problems in the prior art, a muscle oxygenation detection device based on NIRS technology is proposed, including:
电极、光源、近侧接收端、远侧接收端、温度传感器、微处理器、电源；Electrode, light source, proximal receiver, far receiver, temperature sensor, microprocessor, power supply;
在一种实施例中，所述光源为发射端LED；所述发射端LED在所述微处理器控制的驱动电路驱动下发射近红外光；In one embodiment, the light source is an LED at the emitting end; the LED at the emitting end emits near-infrared light driven by a drive circuit controlled by the microprocessor;
其中，所述近侧接收端及所述远侧接收端与所述光源之间距离不同；所述近侧接收端及所述远侧接收端皆包括近红外光谱传感器；所述近侧接收端的近红外光谱传感器及所述远侧接收端的近红外光谱传感器与所述微处理器相互连接；由所述近红外光谱传感器测量得到血氧饱和度和血红蛋白浓度并传输至所述微处理器；Wherein, the distance between the near-side receiving end and the far-side receiving end is different from the light source; the near-side receiving end and the far-side receiving end both include near-infrared spectrum sensors; The near-infrared spectrum sensor and the near-infrared spectrum sensor at the far-side receiving end are connected to the microprocessor; blood oxygen saturation and hemoglobin concentration are measured by the near-infrared spectrum sensor and transmitted to the microprocessor;
其中，所述温度传感器连接至所述微处理器，所述温度传感器实时检测温度并将获取的温度数据发送至所述微处理器；所述微处理器根据接收到的温度数据计算温度补偿数据；Wherein, the temperature sensor is connected to the microprocessor, and the temperature sensor detects the temperature in real time and sends the obtained temperature data to the microprocessor; the microprocessor calculates temperature compensation data according to the received temperature data ;
所述微处理器对接收到的数据进行计算、分析处理；The microprocessor calculates, analyzes and processes the received data;
在一种实施例中，所述微处理器包括存储器、USB接口；其中，所述USB接口用于与外部设备之间传输数据，包括上传或者下载数据；所述存储器用于存储接收到的数据；In one embodiment, the microprocessor includes a memory and a USB interface; wherein, the USB interface is used to transmit data with external devices, including uploading or downloading data; the memory is used to store received data ;
在一种实施例中，所述基于近红外光谱技术的氧合设备包括通信模块；所述通信模块连接至所述微处理器，所述通信模块将数据发送到外部设备；In one embodiment, the oxygenation device based on near-infrared spectroscopy technology includes a communication module; the communication module is connected to the microprocessor, and the communication module sends data to an external device;
在一种实施例中，所述外部设备包括移动电话、计算机、PDA；所述通信模块与外部设备之间采用蓝牙、WIFI进行通信。In one embodiment, the external device includes a mobile phone, a computer, and a PDA; the communication module communicates with the external device using Bluetooth or WIFI.
实施本实用新型实施例，将具有如下有益效果：Implement the utility model embodiment, will have following beneficial effect:
本实用新型的技术方案利用近红外光谱技术对人体组织中的血氧饱和度和血红蛋白浓度进行实时、连续、无损检测及对检测结果的实时传输，本实用新型所提出的基于近红外光谱技术的氧合设备具有体积小、控制简单、性能稳定的特点。The technical scheme of the utility model utilizes near-infrared spectroscopy technology to perform real-time, continuous, non-destructive detection of blood oxygen saturation and hemoglobin concentration in human tissues and real-time transmission of detection results. Oxygenation equipment has the characteristics of small size, simple control and stable performance.
附图说明Description of drawings
为了更清楚地说明本实用新型实施例或现有技术中的技术方案，下面将对实施例或现有技术描述中所需要使用的附图作简单地介绍，显而易见地，下面描述中的附图仅仅是本实用新型的一些实施例，对于本领域普通技术人员来讲，在不付出创造性劳动的前提下，还可以根据这些附图获得其他的附图。In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description These are only some embodiments of the utility model, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative work.
其中：in:
图1为本实用新型中基于NIRS技术的肌肉氧合检测设备示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a muscle oxygenation detection device based on NIRS technology in the present invention.
图2为本实用新型中静止状态下近红外光谱传感器电压温度补偿前后对比示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the comparison before and after the voltage and temperature compensation of the near-infrared spectrum sensor in the static state in the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
下面将结合本实用新型实施例中的附图，对本实用新型实施例中的技术方案进行清楚、完整地描述，显然，所描述的实施例仅仅是本实用新型一部分实施例，而不是全部的实施例。基于本实用新型中的实施例，本领域普通技术人员在没有作出创造性劳动前提下所获得的所有其他实施例，都属于本实用新型保护的范围。The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. example. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present utility model.
本实用新型提供一种基于NIRS技术的肌肉氧合检测设备。The utility model provides a muscle oxygenation detection device based on NIRS technology.
图1所示为所述基于近红外光谱(near infrared spectroscopy，NIRS)技术的氧合设备示意图；所述氧合设备包括电极1、光源2、近侧接收端3、远侧接收端4、温度传感器5、微处理器(图中未示出)、电源(图中未示出)、通信模块(图中未示出)。Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram of the oxygenation equipment based on near infrared spectroscopy (near infrared spectroscopy, NIRS) technology; Sensor 5, microprocessor (not shown in figure), power supply (not shown in figure), communication module (not shown in figure).
其中，所述光源2为发射端LED；所述发射端LED在所述微处理器控制的驱动电路驱动下发射近红外光；Wherein, the light source 2 is a transmitter LED; the transmitter LED emits near-infrared light driven by a drive circuit controlled by the microprocessor;
其中，为了能够实时地获取血氧饱和度(SVO2)，引入了基于空间分辨率的近红外光谱(NIRS)技术，使用与所述光源距离不同的两个接收端，包括近侧接收端3、远侧接收端4；Among them, in order to obtain blood oxygen saturation (S V O 2 ) in real time, the near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) technology based on spatial resolution is introduced, using two receiving ends with different distances from the light source, including near-side receiving Terminal 3, far-side receiving terminal 4;
所述近侧接收端及所述远侧接收端皆包括近红外光谱(NIRS)传感器，如图1所示，即为近侧接收端的近红外光谱传感器、远侧接收端的近红外光谱传感器；所述近侧接收端的近红外光谱传感器及所述远侧接收端的近红外光谱传感器与所述微处理器相互连接；根据有氧血红蛋白(HbO2)、脱氧血红蛋白(HHb)对近红外光谱的吸收特性，由所述近红外光谱(NIRS)传感器测量得到血氧饱和度(SVO2)和血红蛋白浓度(Hb)，并将测量得到的血氧饱和度(SVO2)和血红蛋白浓度(Hb)传输至所述微处理器。Both the near-side receiving end and the far-side receiving end include a near-infrared spectrum (NIRS) sensor, as shown in Figure 1, which is the near-infrared spectrum sensor of the near-side receiving end and the near-infrared spectrum sensor of the far-side receiving end; The near-infrared spectrum sensor of the near-side receiving end and the near-infrared spectrum sensor of the far-side receiving end are connected to each other with the microprocessor; according to the absorption characteristics of oxygenated hemoglobin (HbO2) and deoxygenated hemoglobin (HHb) to the near-infrared spectrum, Blood oxygen saturation (S V O 2 ) and hemoglobin concentration (Hb) are measured by the near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) sensor, and the measured blood oxygen saturation (S V O 2 ) and hemoglobin concentration (Hb) transmitted to the microprocessor.
其中，所述温度传感器连接至所述微处理器，所述温度传感器实时检测温度并将获取的温度数据发送至所述微处理器；所述微处理器根据接收到的温度数据计算温度补偿数据；Wherein, the temperature sensor is connected to the microprocessor, and the temperature sensor detects the temperature in real time and sends the obtained temperature data to the microprocessor; the microprocessor calculates temperature compensation data according to the received temperature data ;
受到发射端LED温度和被测用户人体温度的影响，在静止状态下所述近侧接收端或所述远侧接收的近红外光谱(NIRS)传感器所获得的电压会呈现下降趋势，需要根据计算获得的温度补偿数据对所述近红外光谱(NIRS)传感器上的电压进行补偿，如图2所示；Affected by the temperature of the LED at the transmitting end and the temperature of the measured user's body, the voltage obtained by the near-side receiving end or the near-infrared spectrum (NIRS) sensor receiving at the far side will show a downward trend in a static state, which needs to be calculated according to The temperature compensation data obtained compensates the voltage on the near-infrared spectrum (NIRS) sensor, as shown in Figure 2;
其中，所述近红外光谱(NIRS)传感器用于测量局部摄氧量；所述近红外光谱(NIRS)传感器用于监测次最大和最大运动期间以及包括心血管疾病、败血症在内的病理生理条件下有氧血红蛋白饱和度以及血流的变化。在所述近红外光谱(NIRS)传感器工作期间，骨骼肌脱氧程度根据肌肉类型、运动类型和血流的变化而变化；Wherein, the near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) sensor is used to measure local oxygen uptake; the near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) sensor is used to monitor submaximal and maximal exercise periods and pathophysiological conditions including cardiovascular disease, sepsis Changes in aerobic hemoglobin saturation and blood flow. During the operation of the near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) sensor, the degree of deoxygenation of skeletal muscle varies according to muscle type, exercise type and blood flow;
其中，所述微处理器包括存储器、USB接口6；所述温度传感器、所述通信模块连接至所述微处理器；其中，所述温度传感器将采集到的温度数据传输至所述微处理器；所述近侧接收端的近红外光谱传感器及所述远侧接收端的近红外光谱传感器将测量得到的血氧饱和度(SVO2)和血红蛋白浓度(Hb)传输至所述微处理器；所述微处理器可以对接收到的数据进行计算、分析、存储处理；Wherein, the microprocessor includes a memory, a USB interface 6; the temperature sensor and the communication module are connected to the microprocessor; wherein, the temperature sensor transmits the collected temperature data to the microprocessor The near-infrared spectrum sensor at the near-side receiving end and the near-infrared spectrum sensor at the far-side receiving end transmit the measured blood oxygen saturation (S V O 2 ) and hemoglobin concentration (Hb) to the microprocessor; The microprocessor can calculate, analyze and store the received data;
其中，所述USB接口6可以用于与外部设备之间传输数据，包括上传或者下载数据；所述存储器用于存储数据；Wherein, the USB interface 6 can be used to transmit data with external devices, including uploading or downloading data; the memory is used to store data;
其中，所述通信模块连接至所述微处理器，所述通信模块将数据发送到外部设备；在一种实施例中，所述外部设备包括移动电话、计算机、PDA；所述通信模块与外部设备之间采用蓝牙、WIFI进行通信。Wherein, the communication module is connected to the microprocessor, and the communication module sends data to an external device; in one embodiment, the external device includes a mobile phone, a computer, a PDA; the communication module communicates with the external The devices use Bluetooth and WIFI to communicate.
其中，所述电源为所述氧合设备提供电能。Wherein, the power supply provides electric energy for the oxygenation equipment.
以上实施例仅用以说明本实用新型的技术方案，而非对其限制；尽管参照前述实施例对本实用新型进行了详细的说明，本领域的普通技术人员应当理解：其依然可以对前述各实施例所记载的技术方案进行修改，或者对其中部分技术特征进行等同替换；而这些修改或者替换，并不会使相应技术方案的本质脱离本实用新型各实施例技术方案的精神和范围。The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present utility model, and are not intended to limit it; although the utility model has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those of ordinary skill in the art should understand that: it can still be applied to the foregoing implementations. Modifications to the technical solutions described in the examples, or equivalent replacement of some of the technical features; and these modifications or replacements will not make the essence of the corresponding technical solutions deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present invention.
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