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CN209054040U - A kind of comprehensive self-locking mechanism - Google Patents

A kind of comprehensive self-locking mechanism Download PDF

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Publication number
CN209054040U
CN209054040U CN201821823050.XU CN201821823050U CN209054040U CN 209054040 U CN209054040 U CN 209054040U CN 201821823050 U CN201821823050 U CN 201821823050U CN 209054040 U CN209054040 U CN 209054040U
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swivel nut
force
screw rod
self
locking
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CN201821823050.XU
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段沧桑
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Abstract

Self-locking mechanical mechanism, including pedestal, screw rod, swivel nut, force connecting rod and force are integrated the utility model relates to a kind of;The mechanical mechanism has the function of translation and self-locking two, wherein translation function realizes the translation motion of swivel nut, self-locking function is when force is stopped transmitting torque to screw rod by the active force and motor of parallel screw axis, realize the screw rod axial self-locking of swivel nut, it is maintained active force suffered by force, swivel nut can release the self-locking reversed translation motion of progress immediately when screw rod inputs opposing torque.The features such as the utility model adapts to high/low temperature, the various environment such as dust, has simple and compact for structure, and rigidity and precision are high, and system response is exceedingly fast, and modularization easy to accomplish, high low speed is reliable for operation, at low cost.It is suitable for the translation working in reciprocating mode occasion for requiring position, acting on force locking.

Description

A kind of comprehensive self-locking mechanism
Technical field
The invention belongs to drive apparatus to manufacture and design field, and in particular to a kind of to use the higher big spiral shell of machinery driving efficiency The mechanical mechanism of line lift angle worm drive realization self-locking function.
Background technique
As science and technology is showing improvement or progress day by day, the various industries of manpower are previously required to, are constantly changed to the production method of automation.
By investigation find, presently, there are mechanical device and equipment, to be realized after disconnecting power position lock and it is right Exert a force object active force holding, be substantially using guide rail+self-locking screw rod+engine, guide rail+non-self-lock-ing screw rod+motor+ Brake, guide rail+pneumatic motive power machine+brake scheme.These schemes have these advantages: first, such as led using linear guide To ball-screw-transmission, for driving motor with encoder, positioning accuracy is very high;Second, due to using guide rail to be oriented to and being held It carries, high load capacity.
Technical problem
There are also disadvantages for these schemes, are mainly reflected in cost, the time response of movement, reliability and efficiency: the One, non-self-lock-ing screw drive is such as used, keeps needing to add brake to the active force of force object after motor power-off Device and its control device need additional installation space, increase cost;Second, brake gear is become to solve by braking state Except braking state needs a few tens of milliseconds or longer time, it is not able to satisfy higher time response requirement;Third needs periodically to tie up Shield, to guarantee stability and reliability;4th, self-locking worm drive scheme is such as used, transmission efficiency theory is up to 50%, real Border efficiency is lower;5th, non-servo motor+self-locking worm drive scheme is such as used, when swivel nut surprisingly bumps against the both ends of screw rod When supporting or applying active force to force object in the process of running, it will lead to motor and stall, screw rod and swivel nut locking occur, Reversion motor is possible to rotation not at this time, can not release self-locking state.
Therefore, Millisecond time response is being required, transmission efficiency is higher, applies active force to force object and engine stops Stopping power being capable of applied field self-locking, that self-locking state can be released using the opposing torque for being less than operation torque in the case where exporting It closes, needs to research and develop a kind of new self-locking mechanism, to meet these requirements.
Utility model content
In order to solve issue noted above, the present invention design it is a kind of integrate self-locking mechanical mechanism, using screw thread liter Angle is greater than the higher worm drive of efficiency of equivalent friction angle, and beam structure is added and forms the external arm of force, the suffered force pair in force The active force of elephant acts on the arm of force, forms external torque and acts on swivel nut, on screw rod, makes to generate resistance between swivel nut and screw rod Lag switch square is to balance the derivative torque that non-self-lock-ing screw thread is formed when swivel nut is by axial force, so that the screw rod for forming swivel nut is axial It is self-locking, and the self-locking state of swivel nut can be released when using the opposing torque for being less than operation torque.
The comprehensive self-locking mechanical mechanism of realization of the invention, including pedestal, screw rod, swivel nut, force connecting rod and force;It should Mechanical mechanism has the function of translation and self-locking two, wherein translation function realizes the translation motion of swivel nut, self-locking function is in force When active force and engine by parallel screw axis stop transmitting torque to screw rod, the screw rod axial self-locking of swivel nut is realized, It is maintained active force suffered by force, the self-locking reversed translation motion of progress can be released immediately when screw rod inputs opposing torque; It is characterized in that, plane one and plane two are parallel with screw axis respectively or intersect at screw axis;Plane one and plane two by The independent components being fixedly connected with the base provide, or result from pedestal;Swivel nut guide table is the independent components being connected with swivel nut, Or it is integrally machined out with swivel nut ontology;It is made of movement relation between pedestal, screw rod and swivel nut three kinematic pairs, first It is the revolute pair being connected between pedestal and screw rod, second is the screw pair being connected between screw rod and swivel nut, and third is Swivel nut is connected by the friction pair between swivel nut guide table and plane one, plane two;Screw rod is installed on the base by revolute pair, Screw rod and swivel nut are coupled by gap between screw, and swivel nut passes through swivel nut guide table and plane one, the one of plane of plane two CONTACT WITH FRICTION, swivel nut are fixedly connected with force connecting rod, and force connecting rod is fixedly connected with force.
The comprehensive self-locking mechanical mechanism of realization of the invention, wherein the screw rod and swivel nut are slip screw transmission, spiral shell Line lift angle is greater than equivalent friction angle;Apply torque to screw rod, screw rod pushes swivel nut, plane one and plane two by worm drive Constraint swivel nut surrounds the positive and negative both direction of screw axis rotation respectively, and swivel nut is made to make rectilinear translation fortune along plane one, plane two It is dynamic;When force applies active force to force object, screw rod run out of steam machine input torque when, swivel nut is in the parallel spiral shell of force object Run-off the straight under the action of rod axis active force causes swivel nut with screw rod there are two types of contacting, and one of which has to be contacted at two, respectively Be contacted with both ends of the swivel nut in swivel nut axial direction, screw rod and swivel nut by this at two contact mutually exert on pressure and frictional force, two The resultant force of place's frictional force forms the retardance torque to screw rod, another is that screw flight and swivel nut are located at swivel nut axial ends Within thread contact, the swivel nut screw thread in this thread contact generates a rotation around screw axis point to screw flight Power, the rotational component overcome this to be threadedly engaged the rotational component of frictional force, form a derivative for making screw rod have reversal trend Torque;Retardance torque is opposite with derivative torque direction;It is carried out in lead angle greater than equivalent friction angle, using common process In the case where screw thread process, after choosing suitable force connecting rod crossbeam length and swivel nut length the two parameters, it can make to block Torque is equal to or slightly greater than derivative torque, keeps swivel nut reliable self-locking upwards in screw shaft, and with force object to force active force Size it is unrelated, make force to force object active force remain unchanged;Under self-locking state, apply to screw rod relative to work When the lesser opposing torque of torque, since the torque is identical as the derivative direction of torque, as long as so the sum of this two torque is greater than Block torque, swivel nut can release screw rod axial direction self-locking state, start to move axially along a screw.
Beneficial effect
Due to keeping force to the active force of force object without using brake gear, apply band-type brake reconciliation to save Except the time needed for band-type brake, swivel nut is made to reach an amicable settlement except the process of screw rod axial self-locking becomes more rapidly, to improve swivel nut Dynamic response performance eliminates this failsafe link of brake gear, improves system reliability, reduce system cost;Due to The lead angle of screw rod and swivel nut is greater than equivalent friction angle, and screw rod is improved the transmission efficiency of swivel nut.
Detailed description of the invention
Fig. 1 is the overall structure axonometric drawing one that the present invention realizes comprehensive self-locking mechanical mechanism;
Fig. 2 is the overall structure axonometric drawing two that the present invention realizes comprehensive self-locking mechanical mechanism;
Fig. 3 is the screw thread state diagram when present invention realizes the non-stress in the force of comprehensive self-locking mechanical mechanism;
Fig. 4 is the shape of threads when force of the invention for realizing comprehensive self-locking mechanical mechanism applies active force to force object State figure;
In figure: 1- pedestal, 2- screw rod, 3- swivel nut, the force 4- connecting rod, the force 5-, 6- track groove, 7- plane one, 8- are flat Face two, 9- swivel nut guide table, 10- contact one, 11- contact two, 12- contact three, 13- force object
Specific embodiment
In each attached drawing of the application, identical element is indicated using same or similar appended drawing reference.In order to clear For the sake of, the various pieces in attached drawing are not necessarily to scale.Unless the context clearly requires otherwise, the otherwise the whole instruction of the application It should be construed as the meaning for including with analogous terms such as "include", "comprise" in claims rather than exclusive or exhaustive contain Justice;That is, the meaning for being " including but not limited to ".
In the application, "upper" is the orientation along screw rod 2 axially upwards, and "lower" is the orientation along screw rod 2 axially downwardly;Spiral shell Bar 2 and being threadedly engaged for swivel nut 3 are driven using slip screw, and lead angle is greater than equivalent friction angle;Track groove 6: it can be solely Vertical components are located on pedestal 1 in present embodiment, there is plane 1 and plane 28 thereon;Swivel nut guide table 9: it can be Independent components, be located on swivel nut 3 in present embodiment, be swivel nut 3 a feature, shape is cylinder, cylindrical shaft Line is vertical with the axis of thread of swivel nut 3 and intersects, the plane 1 or plane 28 on cylindrical surface and track groove 6 carry out sliding or Swivel nut 3 and its feature swivel nut guide table 9 are referred to as swivel nut 3 in present embodiment by rolling friction;Force connecting rod 4: force connects 4 crossbeam length of extension bar is defined as 5 pairs of force force object 13 and applies the central point of active force to the distance of 2 axis of screw rod;Force Object 13: thickness changes at random, and 2 axis direction of screw rod is the thickness direction of force object 13;Engine (being not drawn into figure) exists It is invariable power motor in present embodiment, without brake gear, power output shaft is freely rotatable under off working state;This implementation The working method of mode mechanical mechanism: force 5 axially downwardly moves along a straight line along screw rod 2, applies 5 pairs of force force object 13 and makees Firmly, motor stops transmitting screw rod 2 torque, and force 5 keeps the active force to force object 13, force 5 along screw rod 2 it is axial to Upper linear motion releases the active force of the 5 pairs of force objects 13 in force.
With reference to the accompanying drawing 1, detailed description are as follows by Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4.
It as shown in Figures 1 and 2, is the comprehensive self-locking mechanical mechanism of realization of the invention, including pedestal 1, screw rod 2, swivel nut 3, force connecting rod 4 and force 5;The mechanical mechanism has the function of translation and self-locking two, wherein translation function realizes swivel nut 3 Translation motion, self-locking function are stopped by the active force for being parallel to 2 axis of screw rod and motor of force object 13 to spiral shell in force 5 When bar 2 transmits torque, 2 axial self-locking of screw rod of swivel nut 3 is realized, be maintained the active force of the 5 pairs of force objects 13 in force, Screw rod 2 can release the self-locking reversed translation motion of progress immediately when inputting opposing torque.Plane 1, plane 28 on track groove 6 Parallel with 2 axis of screw rod respectively or intersect at 2 axis of screw rod, plane 1 and plane 28 constrain swivel nut 3 around 2 axis of screw rod respectively The positive and negative both direction of line rotation;Movement relation is constituted by three kinematic pairs between pedestal 1, screw rod 2 and swivel nut 3, first is The revolute pair being connected between pedestal 1 and screw rod 2, second is the screw pair being connected between screw rod 2 and swivel nut 3, third It is the friction pair being connected between plane 1, plane 28 and swivel nut 3;Screw rod 2 is mounted on pedestal 1 by revolute pair, screw rod 2 It being coupled with swivel nut 3 by gap between screw, swivel nut 3 passes through friction pair and plane 1, the one of plane contact of plane 28, Swivel nut 3 is fixedly connected with force connecting rod 4, and force connecting rod 4 is fixedly connected with force 5.
As shown in figure 3, being that the present invention realizes that the screw rod 2 in comprehensive self-locking mechanical mechanism is not affected by with swivel nut 3 in force 5 Mated condition when force 13 active force of object, force 5 does not contact force object 13 at this time, when torque is applied to screw rod 2, Screw rod 2 pushes swivel nut 3 by worm drive, and swivel nut 3 cannot rotate under the constraint of track groove 6, only makees translational motion, at this time Screw rod 2 and the axis of thread of swivel nut 3 essentially coincide, and swivel nut 3 can be moved quickly.
As shown in figure 4, being that screw rod 2 is moved downward with given direction of rotation promotion swivel nut 3, until force 5 touches Exert a force object 13, at this time the run-off the straight under the active force of force object 13 of swivel nut 3, and causing swivel nut 3 with screw rod 2, there are two types of connect Touching, one of which has to be contacted at two, that is, is located at contact three 12 of the contact 1 of 3 upper axial end of swivel nut with lower axial end, Another is the contact of 2 screw thread of screw rod with 3 screw thread of swivel nut, that is, the contact 2 11 being located within 3 axial ends of swivel nut;Due to applying The thickness of power object 13 changes at random, and in order to reduce cost and simplify structure, sensor is not installed on force 5, at this time Control device (being not drawn into figure) can not allow motor accurately to shut down, and stall will occur for motor, and the locked rotor current of motor fills control Shutdown motor is set, the torque of motor input is lost on screw rod 2, swivel nut 3 keeps inclination, the work of the 5 pairs of force objects 13 in force at this time Firmly it is in hold mode.
Wherein, exert a force on force 5 just contact before object 13 to motor rotation blockage, screw rod 2 and swivel nut 3 pass through contact 1 and It contacts 3 12 and mutually exerts on pressure and frictional force, the resultant force of the frictional force contacted at two forms the retardance torque to screw rod 2, should Retardance torque increases with the increase of 5 pairs of impetus 13 active forces of object that exert a force, and the torque of motor output will be more than nominal torque Continue to increase until locked-rotor torque, motor stalls.The stall overshoot electric current meeting controlled device of motor detects at this time, controls Device processed turns off motor by disconnecting the driving circuit of motor.
Since lead angle is greater than equivalent friction angle, the active force of 2 axis of parallel screw for the object 13 that exerts a force at this time passes through Swivel nut 3 with the screw thread in 2 thread contact 2 11 of screw rod, act on 2 screw thread of screw rod, screw rod 2 made to generate one around screw rod 2 The rotational component of axis, the rotational component overcome contact 2 11 to be threadedly engaged the rotational component of frictional force, and forming one makes spiral shell Bar 2 has the derivative torque of reversal trend;Screw rod 2, which passes through to contact 1 and contact 3 12 with swivel nut 3, to be mutually exerted on pressure and rubs Power is wiped, the resultant force of contact friction force forms the retardance torque to screw rod 2 at two, blocks the direction of torque and derives torque direction On the contrary.Although the lead angle for the screw rod 2 and swivel nut 3 for carrying out screw thread process using common process is greater than equivalent friction angle, by In having had chosen suitable 4 crossbeam length of force connecting rod and 3 length of swivel nut this two parameters, thus retardance torque be equal to or Slightly larger than derivative torque, it is axial reliable self-locking in screw rod 2 to make swivel nut 3, and with force object 13 to the amount of force in force 5 Unrelated, the active force of the 5 pairs of force objects 13 in force remains unchanged.
Under this self-locking state, motor reversal applies to screw rod 2 relative to the lesser opposing torque of operation torque, this is reversed Torque is identical as the derivative direction of torque, and retardance torque is greater than after torque superposition, and swivel nut 3 releases 2 axial self-locking state of screw rod, spiral shell Set 3 moves upwards under the constraint of 6 direction of rotation of promotion and track groove of screw rod 2, and force 5 is made to be detached from force object 13, force Object 13 disappears to the active force in force 5, and retardance torque disappears therewith, 3 fast upward motion of swivel nut.
Industrial applicibility
The comprehensive self-locking mechanical mechanism of realization of the invention, have following features: (1) compact-sized, number of parts is few, part Required precision is not high, easily fabricated and debugging, modularized production easy to accomplish;(2) an ordinary motor is only needed, even if in motor Reversely restart after stall also can reliably release it is self-locking, driving, control object it is few, to driving, the requirement of control device it is low; (3) corollary apparatus needed for realizing mechanical function is few, and mechanical efficiency is high, and the time response of system is fast;(4) low speed and high speed are equal It is applicable in, the higher large pitch screw rod of transmission efficiency can be used, load, good rigidity, stability height can be absorbed impact;(5) it adapts to High/low temperature, high electromagnetism, dust, corrosive gas environment are not necessarily to lubricant method.(6) high reliablity of system, manufacture and operation at This is low.

Claims (2)

1. a kind of integrate self-locking mechanical mechanism, including pedestal, screw rod, swivel nut, force connecting rod and force;Mechanical mechanism tool There are translation and self-locking two functions, wherein translation function realizes the translation motion of swivel nut, self-locking function is in force by parallel spiral shell When the active force and engine of rod axis stop transmitting torque to screw rod, realizes the screw rod axial self-locking of swivel nut, make suffered by force Active force is maintained, and can release the self-locking reversed translation motion of progress immediately when screw rod inputs opposing torque;It is characterized in that, Plane one and plane two are parallel with screw axis respectively or intersect at screw axis;Plane one and plane two are by being fixedly connected with the base Independent components provide, or result from pedestal;Swivel nut guide table be with swivel nut be connected independent components, or with swivel nut sheet Body is integrally machined out;Movement relation is constituted by three kinematic pairs between pedestal, screw rod and swivel nut, first is to be connected to pedestal Revolute pair between screw rod, second is the screw pair being connected between screw rod and swivel nut, and third is that swivel nut passes through swivel nut Friction pair connection between guide table and plane one, plane two;Screw rod is installed on the base by revolute pair, and screw rod and swivel nut are logical It crosses gap between screw to be coupled, swivel nut is contacted by swivel nut guide table with plane one, the one of planar friction of plane two, swivel nut It is fixedly connected with force connecting rod, force connecting rod is fixedly connected with force.
2. the self-locking mechanical mechanism of synthesis according to claim 1, which is characterized in that the screw rod and swivel nut are sliding spiral shell Rotation transmission, lead angle are greater than equivalent friction angle;Apply torque to screw rod, screw rod pushes swivel nut, plane by worm drive One and plane two constrain respectively swivel nut surround screw axis rotation positive and negative both direction, make swivel nut along plane one, plane two make Linear translational motion.
CN201821823050.XU 2018-11-07 2018-11-07 A kind of comprehensive self-locking mechanism Active CN209054040U (en)

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Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109281999A (en) * 2018-11-07 2019-01-29 段沧桑 A kind of comprehensive self-locking mechanism
WO2020098301A1 (en) * 2018-11-15 2020-05-22 段沧桑 Mechanical mechanism for implementing lifting and rotating actions and comprehensive self-locking device consisting of same

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN109281999A (en) * 2018-11-07 2019-01-29 段沧桑 A kind of comprehensive self-locking mechanism
CN109281999B (en) * 2018-11-07 2023-09-01 段沧桑 Comprehensive self-locking mechanism
WO2020098301A1 (en) * 2018-11-15 2020-05-22 段沧桑 Mechanical mechanism for implementing lifting and rotating actions and comprehensive self-locking device consisting of same

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