CN208238890U - The distant reporting device of long and narrow navigation channel offshore tidal level telemetering - Google Patents
The distant reporting device of long and narrow navigation channel offshore tidal level telemetering Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本实用新型公开了一种狭长航道离岸潮位遥测遥报装置，包括岸基远程通信终端和离岸观测装置，所述离岸观测装置包括水面部分和水下部分，所述水下部分固定在离岸航道水底，包括水下安装平台及固定在其上的水下供电系统、水下压力传感器和声学通信机水下单元；所述水面部分设置在所述水下部分的上方附近水面，包括水面安装平台及固定在其上的声学通信机水面单元、水面供电系统、数据采集和控制单元、水面远程通信终端以及气压传感器；所述水面远程通信终端与所述岸基远程通信终端无线连接；所述声学通信机水下单元和所述声学通信机水面单元无线连接。本实用新型不需要依附岛礁和固定平台，能够实现对狭长航道离岸潮位数据的实时测量和传输。
The utility model discloses a long and narrow waterway off-shore tide level telemetry and telereporting device, which comprises a shore-based remote communication terminal and an off-shore observation device. The off-shore observation device includes a water surface part and an underwater part, and the underwater part is fixed on The bottom of the offshore waterway includes an underwater installation platform and an underwater power supply system fixed thereon, an underwater pressure sensor and an underwater unit of an acoustic communication machine; the water surface part is arranged on the water surface near the top of the underwater part, including The water surface installation platform and the acoustic communicator surface unit fixed thereon, the water surface power supply system, the data acquisition and control unit, the water surface telecommunication terminal and the air pressure sensor; the said water surface telecommunication terminal is wirelessly connected with the said shore-based telecommunication terminal; The acoustic communicator underwater unit is wirelessly connected to the acoustic communicator surface unit. The utility model does not need to be attached to islands and reefs and fixed platforms, and can realize real-time measurement and transmission of offshore tide level data of narrow and long waterways.
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型涉及一种测量装置，特别是一种狭长航道离岸潮位遥测遥报装置。The utility model relates to a measuring device, in particular to a telemetry and telereporting device for the offshore tide level of a narrow and long channel.
背景技术Background technique
潮位对于港口航道的建设与维护管理、船舶的进出港具有至关重要的意义，尤其对于超大型船舶在狭长航道的乘潮进出港，潮位将直接影响通航安全。The tide level is of great significance to the construction and maintenance management of the port channel and the entry and exit of ships. Especially for the ultra-large ships entering and leaving the port in the narrow and long channel, the tide level will directly affect the safety of navigation.
传统的遥测遥报潮位观测站以岸基站方式为主，即在码头、防波堤等近岸区域建设，能满足港区内的潮位观测需求，但无法满足狭长航道外侧的潮汐观测需求。对于有离岸岛礁、海上固定平台的水域，可以在离岸岛礁或海上固定平台上按照岸基站方式建设潮位观测站。而我国沿海的大量港口航道，其外侧并无岛礁与固定平台，精确的潮位遥测遥报是水运交通工程领域的技术难题。Traditional telemetry and telemetry tide level observation stations are mainly based on shore base stations, that is, they are built in nearshore areas such as piers and breakwaters, which can meet the tide level observation needs in the port area, but cannot meet the tide observation needs outside the narrow and long waterways. For waters with offshore islands and reefs and fixed offshore platforms, tide level observation stations can be built on offshore islands and reefs or fixed offshore platforms in the form of shore base stations. However, there are a large number of port channels along the coast of my country, and there are no islands and reefs or fixed platforms on the outside. Accurate tide level telemetry and telereporting is a technical problem in the field of water transportation and transportation engineering.
发明内容Contents of the invention
本实用新型为解决公知技术中存在的技术问题而提供一种狭长航道离岸潮位遥测遥报装置，该装置不需要依附岛礁和固定平台，能够实现对狭长航道离岸潮位数据的实时测量和传输。The utility model provides a remote measurement and telereporting device for the offshore tide level of the narrow and long channel for solving the technical problems in the known technology. transmission.
本实用新型为解决公知技术中存在的技术问题所采取的技术方案是：一种狭长航道离岸潮位遥测遥报装置，包括岸基远程通信终端和离岸观测装置，所述离岸观测装置包括水面部分和水下部分，所述水下部分固定在离岸航道水底，包括水下安装平台及固定在其上的水下供电系统、水下压力传感器和声学通信机水下单元，所述水下压力传感器和所述声学通信机水下单元由所述水下供电系统供电，所述水下压力传感器和所述声学通信机水下单元通过电缆连接；所述水面部分设置在所述水下部分的上方附近水面，包括水面安装平台及固定在其上的声学通信机水面单元、水面供电系统、数据采集和控制单元、水面远程通信终端以及气压传感器，所述声学通信机水面单元、所述数据采集和控制单元、所述水面远程通信终端以及所述气压传感器由所述水面供电系统供电，所述数据采集和控制单元与所述气压传感器和所述声学通信机水面单元分别通过电缆连接，所述数据采集和控制单元与所述水面远程通信终端连接；所述水面远程通信终端与所述岸基远程通信终端无线连接；所述声学通信机水下单元和所述声学通信机水面单元无线连接。The technical solution adopted by the utility model to solve the technical problems existing in the known technology is: a telemetering and reporting device for offshore tide level of a narrow and long channel, including a shore-based remote communication terminal and an offshore observation device, and the offshore observation device includes The surface part and the underwater part, the underwater part is fixed on the bottom of the offshore waterway, including the underwater installation platform and the underwater power supply system fixed thereon, the underwater pressure sensor and the underwater unit of the acoustic communication machine, the underwater The underwater pressure sensor and the underwater unit of the acoustic communicator are powered by the underwater power supply system, and the underwater pressure sensor and the underwater unit of the acoustic communicator are connected by cables; the water surface part is arranged in the underwater The water surface near the upper part of the water surface includes the water surface installation platform and the acoustic communicator surface unit fixed on it, the water surface power supply system, the data acquisition and control unit, the water surface remote communication terminal and the air pressure sensor, the acoustic communicator surface unit, the The data acquisition and control unit, the surface remote communication terminal and the air pressure sensor are powered by the water surface power supply system, and the data acquisition and control unit is connected to the air pressure sensor and the acoustic communicator water surface unit respectively through cables, The data acquisition and control unit is connected to the surface telecommunication terminal; the surface telecommunication terminal is wirelessly connected to the shore-based telecommunication terminal; the underwater unit of the acoustic communicator is wirelessly connected to the surface unit of the acoustic communicator connect.
所述水下安装平台为金属支架或混凝土墩。The underwater installation platform is a metal support or a concrete pier.
所述水面安装平台为海上固定平台或浮标或航标。The water surface installation platform is an offshore fixed platform or a buoy or a navigation mark.
所述水下供电系统为电池包。The underwater power supply system is a battery pack.
本实用新型具有的优点和积极效果是：通过将压力传感器和声学通信机水下单元集成固定安装于海底，水下压力传感器与气压传感器同时进行连续或固定间隔的压力观测，水下压力传感器的观测数据依托声学通信机，通过水体中的声学传输将数据发送至数据采集和控制单元，该数据采集和控制单元接收数据后通过移动网络或北斗卫星通信等远程传输手段，将水下压力数据与大气压数据实时传输至岸基远程通信终端，通过相应数值计算，将压力数据归算为潮位数据。控制指令可逆序传输，实现远程遥控设置。本实用新型具有观测传输即时化、能远程遥测遥报等特点，且受海况、气象影响小。能够很好地服务于水运交通工程建设与运营，为港口通航安全保障、离岸工程建设等提供即时的潮位数据，解决常规装置无法实现离岸潮位遥测遥报的难题。The utility model has the advantages and positive effects: by integrating and fixing the underwater unit of the pressure sensor and the acoustic communicator on the seabed, the underwater pressure sensor and the air pressure sensor can perform continuous or fixed interval pressure observation at the same time, and the underwater pressure sensor Relying on the acoustic communication machine, the observation data is sent to the data acquisition and control unit through the acoustic transmission in the water body. After receiving the data, the data acquisition and control unit transmits the underwater pressure data and Atmospheric pressure data is transmitted to the shore-based remote communication terminal in real time, and the pressure data is calculated as tide level data through corresponding numerical calculations. Control commands can be transmitted in reverse order to realize remote control settings. The utility model has the characteristics of instant observation and transmission, remote telemetry and telereport, etc., and is less affected by sea conditions and weather. It can well serve the construction and operation of water transportation and transportation projects, provide real-time tide level data for port navigation safety assurance, offshore engineering construction, etc., and solve the problem that conventional devices cannot realize offshore tide level telemetry and telemetry.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为本实用新型的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model.
图中：1、水下安装平台；2、水下供电系统；3、水下压力传感器；4、声学通信机水下单元；5、声学通信机水面单元；6、水面供电系统；7、数据采集和控制单元；8、水面远程通信终端；9、气压传感器；10、水面安装平台；11、岸基远程通信终端。In the figure: 1. Underwater installation platform; 2. Underwater power supply system; 3. Underwater pressure sensor; 4. Underwater unit of acoustic communication machine; 5. Surface unit of acoustic communication machine; 6. Surface power supply system; 7. Data Acquisition and control unit; 8. Water surface telecommunication terminal; 9. Air pressure sensor; 10. Water surface installation platform; 11. Shore-based telecommunication terminal.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为能进一步了解本实用新型的发明内容、特点及功效，兹例举以下实施例，并配合附图详细说明如下：In order to further understand the invention content, characteristics and effects of the present utility model, the following examples are given, and detailed descriptions are as follows in conjunction with the accompanying drawings:
请参阅图1，一种狭长航道离岸潮位遥测遥报装置，包括岸基远程通信终端11和离岸观测装置，所述离岸观测装置包括水面部分和水下部分，所述水下部分固定在离岸航道水底，包括水下安装平台1及固定在其上的水下供电系统2、水下压力传感器3和声学通信机水下单元4，所述水下压力传感器3和所述声学通信机水下单元4由所述水下供电系统2供电，所述水下压力传感器3和所述声学通信机水下单元3通过电缆连接；所述水面部分设置在所述水下部分的上方附近水面，包括水面安装平台10及固定在其上的声学通信机水面单元5、水面供电系统6、数据采集和控制单元7、水面远程通信终端8以及气压传感器9，所述声学通信机水面单元5、所述数据采集和控制单元7、所述水面远程通信终端8以及所述气压传感器9由所述水面供电系统6供电，所述数据采集和控制单元7与所述气压传感器9和所述声学通信机水面单元5分别通过电缆连接，所述数据采集和控制单元7与所述水面远程通信终端8连接；所述水面远程通信终端8与所述岸基远程通信终端无线连接；所述声学通信机水下单元4和所述声学通信机水面单元5无线连接。Please refer to Fig. 1, a kind of long and narrow waterway off-shore tide level telemetry and telereporting device, comprises shore-based telecommunication terminal 11 and offshore observation device, and described offshore observation device comprises water surface part and underwater part, and described underwater part is fixed At the bottom of the offshore waterway, it includes an underwater installation platform 1 and an underwater power supply system 2 fixed thereon, an underwater pressure sensor 3 and an acoustic communicator underwater unit 4, and the underwater pressure sensor 3 and the acoustic communication The machine underwater unit 4 is powered by the underwater power supply system 2, and the underwater pressure sensor 3 and the acoustic communication machine underwater unit 3 are connected by cables; the water surface part is arranged near the top of the underwater part The water surface includes a water surface installation platform 10 and an acoustic communicator water surface unit 5 fixed thereon, a water surface power supply system 6, a data acquisition and control unit 7, a water surface remote communication terminal 8 and an air pressure sensor 9, and the acoustic communicator water surface unit 5 , the data acquisition and control unit 7, the water surface remote communication terminal 8 and the air pressure sensor 9 are powered by the water surface power supply system 6, the data acquisition and control unit 7 and the air pressure sensor 9 and the acoustic The water surface unit 5 of the communicator is respectively connected by cables, and the data acquisition and control unit 7 is connected with the surface telecommunication terminal 8; the water surface telecommunication terminal 8 is wirelessly connected with the shore-based telecommunication terminal; the acoustic communication The machine underwater unit 4 is wirelessly connected with the acoustic communication machine surface unit 5.
在本实施例中，所述水下安装平台1可以采用金属支架或混凝土墩。所述水面安装平台10可以采用浮标或航标，也可以采用海上固定平台。所述水下供电系统2可以采用电池包。In this embodiment, the underwater installation platform 1 may adopt a metal bracket or a concrete pier. The surface installation platform 10 can be a buoy or a buoy, or an offshore fixed platform. The underwater power supply system 2 may use a battery pack.
安装时，架设好岸基远程通信终端，并与水面远程通信终端测试通信成功；将电池包、水下压力传感器和声学通信机水下单元用电缆相互连接，并安装于水下安装平台，固定于航道水下海底；将声学通信机水面单元、水面供电系统、数据采集和控制单元、水面远程通信终端和气压传感器用电缆相互连接，并安装于水面安装平台(如航道航标)。During installation, set up the shore-based telecommunication terminal, and test the communication with the surface telecommunication terminal successfully; connect the battery pack, underwater pressure sensor and the underwater unit of the acoustic communicator with cables, and install them on the underwater installation platform. Under the seabed of the channel; connect the surface unit of the acoustic communicator, the power supply system on the surface, the data acquisition and control unit, the remote communication terminal on the surface and the air pressure sensor with cables, and install it on the surface installation platform (such as a navigation mark on the waterway).
离岸潮位遥测遥报的详细过程如下：The detailed process of offshore tide level telemetry telemetry is as follows:
水下压力传感器、气压传感器同步采集各自位置的压力值。气压传感器将观测时间、压力值等信息通过电缆方式接入数据采集和控制单元，传感器自身或数据采集和控制单元对数据进行粗差踢除、数据平均等预处理。水下压力传感器对数据进行粗差踢除、数据平均等预处理后，将对应观测时间、压力值等信息以电缆方式接入声学通信机水下单元；声学通信机水下单元收到数据后，将数据以声学信号方式转发送至水中，为确保数据的有效传输，通常会设置相应重发指令，即当数据未有效接收时，声学通信机水下单元重新发送数据。声学通信机水面单元收到水中传输的声学信号后，一方面向声学通信机水下单元反馈接收信息，另一方面进行数据解析，分离出观测时间、压力值等有效数据，并通过电缆方式接入数据采集和控制单元；数据采集和控制单元将接收到的水下压力值、水面大气压力值等有效数据后，进行相应格式化，并对同一时间的水下压力、水面大气压力进行求差处理，得到压力差，即水体厚度所产生的压力。数据采集和控制单元将所有数据进行自存储，并将压力差、观测时间、位置数据等有效信息进行编码，以电缆形式接入水面远程通信终端，并通过水面远程通信终端将数据发送至岸基远程通信终端；进行压力与水位的换算等相应技术处理，得到对应观测时刻的潮位值。The underwater pressure sensor and air pressure sensor collect the pressure values at their respective positions synchronously. The air pressure sensor connects information such as observation time and pressure value to the data acquisition and control unit through cables, and the sensor itself or the data acquisition and control unit performs preprocessing on the data such as gross error removal and data averaging. After the underwater pressure sensor preprocesses the data such as gross error removal and data averaging, the corresponding observation time, pressure value and other information are connected to the underwater unit of the acoustic communication machine through cables; after the underwater unit of the acoustic communication machine receives the data , to transmit the data to the water in the form of acoustic signals. In order to ensure the effective transmission of data, a corresponding retransmission instruction is usually set, that is, when the data is not effectively received, the underwater unit of the acoustic communicator resends the data. After the surface unit of the acoustic communicator receives the acoustic signal transmitted in the water, it will feed back the received information to the underwater unit of the acoustic communicator on the one hand, and analyze the data on the other hand to separate the effective data such as observation time and pressure value, and connect them through cables. Input the data acquisition and control unit; the data acquisition and control unit will format the received valid data such as the underwater pressure value and the water surface atmospheric pressure value, and calculate the difference between the underwater pressure and the water surface atmospheric pressure at the same time Processing to get the pressure difference, that is, the pressure generated by the thickness of the water body. The data acquisition and control unit self-stores all data, encodes effective information such as pressure difference, observation time, and location data, and connects to the surface telecommunication terminal in the form of a cable, and sends the data to the shore-based telecommunication terminal through the surface telecommunication terminal. Remote communication terminal; carry out corresponding technical processing such as the conversion of pressure and water level, and obtain the tide level value corresponding to the observation time.
当需远程对离岸观测装置进行设置或控制时，相关指令通过上述传输路线的反方向进行，以实现远程操控。When it is necessary to remotely set or control the offshore observation device, the relevant instructions are carried out in the opposite direction of the above-mentioned transmission route to realize remote control.
尽管上面结合附图对本实用新型的优选实施例进行了描述，但是本实用新型并不局限于上述的具体实施方式，上述的具体实施方式仅仅是示意性的，并不是限制性的，本领域的普通技术人员在本实用新型的启示下，在不脱离本实用新型宗旨和权利要求所保护的范围的情况下，还可以做出很多形式，这些均属于本实用新型的保护范围之内。Although the preferred embodiment of the utility model has been described above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the utility model is not limited to the above-mentioned specific implementation, and the above-mentioned specific implementation is only illustrative and not restrictive. Under the enlightenment of the utility model, those skilled in the art can also make many forms without departing from the purpose of the utility model and the protection scope of the claims, and these all belong to the protection scope of the utility model.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110388900A (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2019-10-29 | 霍吉亮 | A kind of system observed in real time for harbor approach tidal level and trend |
| RU2812614C1 (en) * | 2022-12-01 | 2024-01-30 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Иркутский национальный исследовательский технический университет"(ФГБОУ ВО "ИРНИТУ") | Method for measuring average water level in open reservoirs and device for its implementation |
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2018
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110388900A (en) * | 2019-07-22 | 2019-10-29 | 霍吉亮 | A kind of system observed in real time for harbor approach tidal level and trend |
| RU2812614C1 (en) * | 2022-12-01 | 2024-01-30 | Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования "Иркутский национальный исследовательский технический университет"(ФГБОУ ВО "ИРНИТУ") | Method for measuring average water level in open reservoirs and device for its implementation |
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