CN208209589U - MPPT solar street lamp controller - Google Patents

Abstract

An MPPT solar street lamp controller relates to the technical field of photovoltaic equipment; the full-bridge driver is respectively connected with the microcontroller and the buck conversion circuit, the buck conversion circuit is connected with the solar cell panel through the first current sampling module and the first cut-off circuit, and the solar cell panel, the first current sampling module and the first cut-off circuit are connected with the microcontroller; the voltage-reducing conversion circuit is connected with the second current sampling module and the battery, the battery is connected with the third current sampling module and the second cut-off circuit, and the third current sampling module and the second cut-off circuit are connected with the load; and the microcontroller is connected with the second current sampling module, the battery and the third current sampling module. The utility model discloses can stabilize discharge current, guarantee that the battery is not by the overdischarge, can carry out a series of monitoring protection to load and battery.

Description

MPPT solar street light controller

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of photovoltaic equipment, in particular to an MPPT solar street lamp controller.

Background technique

Solar panels are photovoltaic devices (the main part is semiconductor materials), which generate current through the photoelectric effect after being irradiated by light. Due to the properties and limitations of materials and light, the generated current is also a fluctuating curve. If the generated current is directly charged into the battery or directly supplies power to the load, it is easy to cause damage to the battery and the load, and serious reduced their lifespan.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to provide an MPPT solar street light controller that can stabilize the discharge current, ensure that the battery is not over-discharged, and perform a series of monitoring and protection on the load and the battery.

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the utility model is: it includes a solar cell panel, a first current sampling module, a microcontroller, a full bridge driver, a step-down conversion circuit, a first cut-off circuit, and a second current sampling module , a battery, a third current sampling module, a second cut-off circuit, and a load; the full-bridge driver is connected to a microcontroller and a step-down conversion circuit respectively, and the step-down conversion circuit passes through the first current sampling module and the first cut-off circuit The circuit is connected to the solar cell panel, the solar cell panel, the first current sampling module and the first cut-off circuit are connected to the microcontroller; the step-down conversion circuit is connected to the second current sampling module and the battery, and the battery is connected to the third current sampling module. The sampling module is connected with the second cut-off circuit, and the third current sampling module and the second cut-off circuit are connected with the load; the microcontroller is connected with the second current sampling module, the battery and the third current sampling module.

As a preference, an LED light-emitting tube indicator light is connected to the microcontroller.

Preferably, the microcontroller is an MSP430 controller.

Preferably, the full-bridge driver is an SM72295 driver.

The working principle of the utility model is as follows: use a dedicated chip circuit to digitally adjust it, add multi-level charge and discharge protection, and adopt an adaptive three-stage charging mode at the same time to ensure the safety and service life of the battery and load. , is to let the current of the battery flow into the solar controller first, and then send the current to the load after being regulated by it.

After adopting the above structure, the beneficial effects produced by the utility model are as follows:

1. Overcharge protection: When the charging voltage is higher than the protection voltage, it will automatically shut down to charge the battery. After that, when the voltage drops to the maintenance voltage, the battery will enter the floating charge state. When it is lower than the recovery voltage, the float charge will be turned off and enter the equal charge state. ;

2. Over-discharge protection: When the battery voltage is lower than the protection voltage, the controller automatically turns off the output to protect the battery from damage; when the battery is charged again, it can automatically restore power supply;

3. Load over-current and short-circuit protection: After the load current exceeds 10A or the load is short-circuited, the fuse will blow, and it can continue to be used after replacement;

4. Overvoltage protection: When the voltage is too high, the output will be automatically turned off to protect the electrical appliances from damage;

5. Anti-reverse charge function: Schottky diodes are used to prevent the battery from charging the solar battery;

6. It has the function of lightning protection: when there is a lightning strike, the piezoresistor can prevent the lightning strike and protect the controller from damage;

7. Solar battery reverse connection protection: The polarity of the solar battery "+" and "-" is reversed, and it can continue to be used after correction;

8. Battery reverse polarity protection: The polarity of the battery "+" and "-" is reversed, the fuse is blown, and it can continue to be used after replacement;

9. Battery open circuit protection: In case the battery is open circuit, if the solar battery is charging normally, the controller will limit the voltage at both ends of the load to ensure that the load is not damaged.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the block diagram of circuit principle of the utility model.

Explanation of reference signs:

Solar panel 1, first current sampling module 2, microcontroller 3, full bridge driver 4, step-down conversion circuit 5, first cut-off circuit 6, second current sampling module 7, battery 8, third current sampling module 9. A second cut-off circuit 10 and a load 11 .

Detailed ways

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description These are only some embodiments of the utility model, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings according to these drawings without any creative effort.

Referring to Fig. 1, this specific embodiment adopts the following technical scheme: it includes a solar cell panel 1, a first current sampling module 2, a microcontroller 3, a full bridge driver 4, a step-down conversion circuit 5, a first cut-off Circuit 6, second current sampling module 7, battery 8, third current sampling module 9, second cut-off circuit 10, load 11; described full bridge driver 4 is connected with microcontroller 3 and step-down conversion circuit 5 respectively , the step-down conversion circuit 5 is connected to the solar panel 1 through the first current sampling module 2 and the first cut-off circuit 6, and the solar panel 1, the first current sampling module 2 and the first cut-off circuit 6 are connected to the microcontroller 3 ; The step-down conversion circuit 5 is connected with the second current sampling module 7 and the battery 8, and the battery 8 is connected with the third current sampling module 9 and the second cut-off circuit 10, and the third current sampling module 9 and the second cut-off circuit 10 is connected to the load 11; the microcontroller 3 is connected to the second current sampling module 7, the battery 8 and the third current sampling module 9.

As a preference, the microcontroller 3 is connected with an LED light-emitting tube indicator light.

As preferably, the microcontroller 3 is an MSP430 controller.

Preferably, the full-bridge driver 4 is an SM72295 driver.

When this specific implementation is in operation:

1. The use of single-chip microcomputer and special software realizes intelligent control;

2. Accurate discharge control using battery discharge rate characteristic correction. The end-of-discharge voltage is the control point corrected by the discharge rate curve, which eliminates the inaccuracy of simple voltage control over-discharge, and conforms to the inherent characteristics of the battery, that is, different discharge rates have different end-voltages;

3. Fully automatic control of overcharge, overdischarge, electronic short circuit, overload protection, and unique anti-reverse connection protection; none of the above protections will damage any parts and will not burn the insurance;

4. The series-type PWM charging main circuit is adopted, so that the voltage loss of the charging circuit is reduced by nearly half compared with the charging circuit using diodes, and the charging efficiency is 3%-6% higher than that of non-PWM, which increases the power consumption time; the recovery of over-discharge is improved Charging, normal direct charging, floating charging automatic control method makes the system have a longer service life; at the same time, it has high-precision temperature compensation;

5. The intuitive LED light-emitting tube indicates the current battery status, allowing users to understand the usage status;

6. All controls adopt industrial-grade chips (only for industrial-grade controllers with I), which can operate freely in cold, high-temperature, and humid environments. At the same time, the timing control of the crystal oscillator is used, and the timing control is accurate;

7. The potentiometer adjustment control set point is canceled, and the EEPROM memory is used to record each working control point, so that the setting is digitized, and the error of the control point due to the vibration deviation and temperature drift of the potentiometer is eliminated, which reduces the accuracy and reliability. the elements of;

8. Digital LED display and settings are used, and all settings can be completed with one-button operation. It is extremely convenient and intuitive to use. Its function is to control the working status of the entire system, and to protect the battery from over-charging and over-discharging. In places with large temperature differences, qualified controllers should also have the function of temperature compensation. Other additional functions such as light control switch and time control switch should be optional options of the controller.

After adopting the above-mentioned structure, the beneficial effects produced by this specific embodiment are: the voltage and current of the solar panel can be detected in real time, and the maximum power (P=U*I) can be continuously tracked, so that the system can always charge the battery with the maximum power, and the MPPT can track The efficiency is 99%, the power generation efficiency of the whole system is as high as 97%, and it has excellent management on the battery, which is divided into MPPT charging, constant voltage equalizing charging and constant voltage floating charging.

The basic principles and main features of the utility model and the advantages of the utility model have been shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the utility model is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments. The above-mentioned embodiments and descriptions only illustrate the principle of the utility model. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model, the utility model The new model also has various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the claimed utility model. The scope of protection required by the utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (4)

1. MPPT solar street lamp controller, is characterized in that: it comprises solar panel, the first current sampling module, microcontroller, full-bridge driver, step-down conversion circuit, the first cut-off circuit, the second current sampling module, battery , the third current sampling module, the second cut-off circuit, and the load; the full-bridge driver is connected to the microcontroller and the step-down conversion circuit respectively, and the step-down conversion circuit is connected to the first current sampling module and the first cut-off circuit through the first current sampling module and the first cut-off circuit The solar panel is connected, the solar panel, the first current sampling module and the first cut-off circuit are connected with the microcontroller; the buck conversion circuit is connected with the second current sampling module and the battery, and the battery is connected with the third current sampling module 1. The second cut-off circuit is connected, the third current sampling module and the second cut-off circuit are connected with the load; the microcontroller is connected with the second current sampling module, the battery and the third current sampling module. 2. The MPPT solar street light controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: said microcontroller is connected with an LED light-emitting tube indicator light. 3. The MPPT solar street lamp controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: the microcontroller is an MSP430 controller. 4. The MPPT solar street lamp controller according to claim 1, characterized in that: said full-bridge driver is a SM72295 driver.