CN207947788U - A kind of decoding apparatus and dissemination system for continuous variable quantum key distribution - Google Patents
A kind of decoding apparatus and dissemination system for continuous variable quantum key distribution Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The utility model proposes a kind of decoding apparatus and dissemination system for continuous variable quantum key distribution, local local oscillator light is wherein generated by way of injecting locking excitation based on pilot tone light, and coherent interference is formed with the local local oscillator light and signal light, provide the decoding to signal light by being detected to the coherent interference result.By this decoding process, the problems such as local laser is with pilot tone light, the more difficult unified line width of signal light and wavelength and device design complexity in the prior art can be solved.
Description
Technical field
The utility model is related to quantum key distribution fields, and in particular to a kind of to be used for continuously based on injection locking technique
The quantum key distribution system and its decoding apparatus of variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD).
Background technology
In Internet era, it is huge convenient that digital communication is brought to people’s lives.With internet communication amount
Increase, communication security becomes more and more important.In order to reach secure communication, people usually require that information is encrypted, to prevent
Only third-party eavesdropping.Quantum key distribution (QKD) can effectively solve key insecure channels transmission problem.With tradition
Cipher mode is different dependent on computation complexity, and the safety of quantum key distribution is the basic principle based on quantum physics, nothing
There is how strong computing capability to be impossible to steal key by third party listener-in.Continuous variable quantum key distribution (CVQKD) is
An important branch in quantum key distribution field.Because it uses the quadrature component of electromagnetic field in transmitting terminal (i.e. coding side)
(location components and momentum component) carrys out modulation intelligence, receiving terminal (i.e. decoding end) using coherent detection technology (zero-difference detection and
Heterodyne detection) the characteristics of carrying out demodulating information, the quantum key distribution of continuous variable can be realized with the communication device of standard, and
And be suitble to share an optical fiber transmission with classical signals, from this, this continuous variable quantum key distribution technology is hopeful
As a kind of low cost, the high quantum key distribution scheme at code check.Therefore, one important point as quantum key distribution
It is very great to develop practical continuous variable quantum key distribution system meaning for branch.
Fig. 1 shows a kind of continuous variable quantum key distribution system in the prior art.As shown, in the continuous change
It measures in quantum key distribution system, a branch of pulsed light is sent by the laser at the ends Alice, which passes through a beam splitter
BS points are the faint pulse light of intensity larger pulse guide-frequency light and intensity.A wherein pilot tone just strong phase base
Standard, but its own does not carry any information, it is believed that it is classical signals.Signal light the ends Alice by using amplitude modulator,
Phase-modulator and attenuator realize Gaussian modulation.Another way pilot tone light is by time division multiplexing and palarization multiplexing and modulated letter
Number optically coupling in an optical fiber, and it is transferred to receiving terminal Bob.
After receiving terminal Bob receives the coupled signal sended over by the ends Alice, Polarization Controller and polarization are used first
Beam splitter comes fractional dose subsignal light and pilot tone light.It is admitted to two-way zero-difference detection respectively after quantum signal light and the separation of pilot tone light
In device a and b, wherein using delay line can be controlled the time that this two-way light reaches detector, as shown in the figure.At the same time,
The ends Bob are also required to generate a local oscillator light for carrying out coherent detection.As shown in Figure 1, the local oscillator light will be by local laser
Device generates, and the local oscillator light of local laser output is divided into two-way after intensity modulator AM modulation by beam splitter BS, uses respectively
Enter in zero-difference detection device a and b after carrying out relevant effect with quantum signal light and pilot tone light.Continuous variable shown in Fig. 1
In quantum key distribution system, the pilot tone detected using zero-difference detection device b is just entirely being passed for measuring quantum signal
The phase drift generated during defeated.
The local oscillator light shown in Fig. 1 that in the prior art, decoding process needs the ends Bob locally generated is sent with the ends Alice
The signal light and pilot tone light to come over is interfered.In order to avoid generating excessive phase noise and crossing noise, it is necessary to local
Local oscillator length is consistent as possible with the signal light at the ends Alice and the wavelength of pilot tone light, to ensure to be formed good interference effect, this
Require the laser linewidth used the smaller the better.Especially in the scheme of Fig. 1, consistent wavelength is required in MHz magnitudes, and is swashed
Optical linewidth needs can be just achieved within 100kHz magnitudes, but the line width of actual laser is hard to reach this level,
This just significantly limits the performance of this continuous variable quantum key distribution technology.Meanwhile at the ends Bob, in order to realize pilot tone
The effect that light and signal light are interfered respectively needs more complicated light path and more optical device, industrialization cost higher.
Utility model content
It is set for local laser in the prior art and pilot tone light, the more difficult unified line width of signal light and wavelength and device
The problems such as meter is complicated, the utility model proposes a kind of decoding apparatus for continuous variable quantum key distribution and distribution systems
System.
In the utility model in a first aspect, disclose a kind of decoding apparatus for continuous variable quantum key distribution,
It may include beam splitting module 1, laser module 2 and zero-difference detection module 3.The beam splitting module 1 can be used for receiving
The combined beam light of pilot tone light and signal light, and by the combined beam light the pilot tone light and the signal light detach, wherein institute
The pilot tone light and the signal light stated in combined beam light can be derived from same pulsed light.The laser module 2 may include n
A laser, and local local oscillator light is generated via the mode of injection locking excitation based on the pilot tone light as seed light,
Wherein n is the natural number more than zero.The zero-difference detection module 3 can be used for receiving the local local oscillator light and the signal
Light, and the coherent interference result of the local local oscillator light and the signal light is detected.
Preferably, the beam splitting module 1 may include polarization-maintaining polarization beam splitting element, such as polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus.
Preferably, the zero-difference detection module 3 may include single zero-difference detection device, to simplify the optics of decoding apparatus
Structure.
Preferably, the laser pulse of the laser and between the seed light of the laser in pulse width
With can be configured to meet on relative time delay：Within a system period, the seed light of the laser is injected in time
The laser pulse of the laser can be covered.
Preferably, decoding apparatus of the invention may include seed light intensity detection module, is injected into for detection described sharp
Whether the intensity of the pilot tone light of light device module 2, which is sufficient for injection locking, requires, and generates clock signal.
Preferably, decoding apparatus of the invention may include Postponement module, for making the local local oscillator light and the letter
Number light reaches the zero-difference detection module 3 simultaneously.
Further, the laser module 2 can also include n optical transmission module 4.Preferably, the optics passes
Defeated module 4 may include three ports and be configured to：Seed light for i-th of laser 2i is through i-th of the light
The first port and second port for learning transmission module 4i are injected in i-th of laser 2i, i-th of laser 2i outputs
Laser pulse via i-th of optical transmission module 4i second port and third port export, wherein i=1 ...,
n.Further, the optical transmission module can be configured to not allow the light pulse from the posterior laser to return
It inputs in the preceding laser.It is highly preferred that the optical transmission module 4 may include circulator and/or beam splitter.
The another aspect of the utility model also discloses a kind of continuous variable quantum key distribution system comprising front institute
The decoding apparatus stated.
Description of the drawings
Fig. 1 shows a kind of schematic diagram of continuous variable quantum key distribution system in the prior art；
Fig. 2 schematically shows the decoding apparatus according to the present utility model for continuous variable quantum key distribution
Schematic diagram；
Fig. 3 schematically shows the laser die according to the present utility model that locking excitation process is injected using two level
Block；And
Fig. 4 schematically shows the laser dies according to the present utility model that excitation process is locked using multistage injection
Block.
Specific implementation mode
Hereinafter, the exemplary embodiment of the utility model is with reference to the accompanying drawings to detailed description.The following examples with
Way of example provides, fully to convey the spirit of the utility model to give the utility model those skilled in the art.Cause
This, the utility model is not limited to embodiment disclosed herein.
Fig. 2 diagrammatically illustrates the decoding apparatus Bob according to the present utility model for continuous variable quantum key distribution,
It includes beam splitting module 1, laser module 2 and zero-difference detection module 3.
In a continuous variable quantum key distribution system, the ends Alice by send include pilot tone light and signal light conjunction
Shu Guang, wherein pilot tone light and signal light are derived from two components of same pulsed light, and pilot tone light has relatively large intensity,
Signal light has relatively small intensity and modulated to carry quantum key information.As an example, as shown in Figure 1,
The laser module at the ends Alice sends a branch of pulsed light, which forms intensity compared with strong and faint intensity two through beam splitting
Component, wherein：The stronger component of intensity forms pilot tone light, itself can not carry as strong phase reference and any letter
Breath；The faint component of intensity carries out Gaussian modulation under the action of amplitude modulator, phase-modulator and attenuator, forms signal
Light.Finally, pilot tone light and signal light form combined beam light through time division multiplexing and palarization multiplexing, and are transmitted to the ends Bob through optical channel.
When Bob terminations receive combined beam light, beam splitting module 1 separates signal light and pilot tone light, makes signal light and pilot tone light
It is transmitted along different light paths.Preferably, beam splitting module 1 may include polarization-maintaining polarization beam splitting element, such as polarization-maintaining polarization beam apparatus
PBS。
Pilot tone light with larger light intensity will be used to be injected into laser module 2, as seed light so that laser die
The output laser pulse in a manner of injecting and lock of block 2, uses as local local oscillator light；Signal light carries quantum modulation letter
Breath, will be transferred to zero-difference detection module 3.
At zero-difference detection module 3, while coherent interference, zero-difference detection will occur for the local local oscillator light and signal light that reach
Module 3 will detect coherent interference result, so that subsequent decoding is used.
Since signal light and pilot tone light source are in same beam pulse, and at the ends Alice to undergoing identical transmission between the ends Bob
Path, therefore the two wavelength having the same, and the phase drift having the same in entire transmission process.It is new in this practicality
In type, what local local oscillator was just formed in the case where pilot tone light is seed light in a manner of injecting and locking by laser module,
Therefore, local local oscillator light will be consistent with pilot tone light on wavelength, and phase is associated.In this way, it may be implemented zero
The signal light interfered at poor detecting module 3 has consistent wavelength with local local oscillator light, difficult in the prior art to solve
With the adjusting local laser accomplished makes its, line width consistent with pilot tone light and signal light wavelength and leads to phase noise and cross to make an uproar
The excessive technical problem of sound.
In addition, in the present invention, since local local oscillator light can have phase information associated with pilot tone light, because
This, also carries the phase drift introduced in transmission process in phase information, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that when utilizing
When this local local oscillator light carries out coherent interference with signal light, signals transmission has been eliminated in generated result of interference
The influence of the middle phase drift that may be introduced.It can be seen that by this local local oscillator light producing method, only needed in decoding end
A zero-difference detection is carried out to can be obtained accurately as a result, therefore, the decoding apparatus of the utility model can only be arranged one zero
Poor detecting module greatly reduces the demand to device, reduces system complexity compared with the existing technology.
Preferably, zero-difference detection module 3 may include single zero-difference detection device.
Although Fig. 2 schematically shows the form that laser module 2 is single laser, those skilled in the art
It is understood that laser module 2 can also include multiple lasers.When laser module 2 includes single laser, laser
The laser pulse that module 2 exports is to inject locking excitation process through level-one based on pilot tone light to generate.When laser module 2 wraps
Include n (n>1) when a laser, n laser can be configured in a series arrangement, kind of the pilot tone light as the 1st laser
Sub-light, seed light of the laser pulse that a lasers of i-th (i=1 ..., n-1) export as i+1 laser, to make
It is to lock excitation processes via n grades of injections based on pilot tone light to generate to obtain the laser pulse that laser module 2 exports.This field
Technical staff is readily appreciated that, excitation process is locked come when generating local local oscillator light, local local oscillator light will have when being injected using multistage
There is better stability, and more preferable with the consistent wavelength of pilot tone light, so as to provide better phase in decoding apparatus
Dry interference effect.
Preferably, the free oscillation frequency of laser and the difference on the frequency satisfaction between the seed light of the laser are injected
Desired range is locked, so that the local oscillator ray laser oscillation in laser can be entirely that the seed light injected is controlled so that this
The frequency for light laser oscillation mode of shaking is locked into the frequency of the seed light of injection, and the seed phototiming of phase and injection.
It is highly preferred that in the laser module 2 of the utility model, laser pulse in each laser with for should
It can be configured to meet in pulse width and relative time delay between the seed light of laser：Within a system period, note
Laser pulse can be covered in time by entering the seed light of laser.By this set, laser pulse is possibly based on
Amplitude smoothly partly generates in seed optical pulse, preferably injects locking stimulation effect to obtain performance.
In order to realize the output of the injection of seed light and laser pulse in the utility model, this practicality in a simple manner
Novel laser module 2 can also include optical transmission module 4, and the quantity of optical transmission module 4 can be with laser
Quantity is corresponding.According to the utility model, optical transmission module 4 may include three ports, and be configured to：For i-th
First port and second port of the seed light of (i=1 ..., n) laser through i-th optical transmission module inject i-th of laser
In device, the laser pulse of i-th of laser output is defeated via the second port and third port of i-th optical transmission module
Go out.
Further, in the laser module 2 of the present invention, optical transmission module 4 is configured to not allow from rear
Laser light pulse return be input in preceding laser, it is ensured that injection locking process it is interference-free.
Preferably, optical transmission module 4 may include circulator and/or polarization-maintaining beam splitting element.
Fig. 2 shows the laser modules 2 for including single laser, may include correspondingly, in laser module 2 one
Optical transmission module 4.Wherein, pilot tone light is via in the first port and second port injection laser 2 of optical transmission module 4,
The laser pulse of laser 2 is transmitted via the second port and third port of optical transmission module towards zero-difference detection module 3.
Fig. 3 shows the laser module 2 including two lasers.As shown, laser module 2 includes first laser
Device 21 and second laser 22, and corresponding further includes the first optical transmission module 41 and the second optical transmission module 42.Wherein, exist
In first order injection locking excitation process, pilot tone light is injected via the first port and second port of the first optical transmission module 41
In first laser device 21, first laser device 21 export first laser device pulse via the first optical transmission module 41 second end
Mouth and third port export outward, form the seed light that excitation process is locked for second level injection.It injects and locks in the second level
In excitation process, first laser device pulse swashs via first port and the second port injection second of the second optical transmission module 42
In light device 22, the second laser pulse that second laser 22 exports is via the second port of the second optical transmission module 42 and the
Three ports export outward, are used as local local oscillator light.
Fig. 4 shows the laser module for including n laser.As shown, laser module 2 includes first laser device
21, second laser 22 ..., the n-th laser 2n, and corresponding further includes the first optical transmission module 41, the second optical delivery mould
Block 42 ..., the n-th optical transmission module 4n.Wherein, it is injected in locking excitation process in the first order, pilot tone light is via the first optics
In first port and second port the injection first laser device 21 of transmission module 41, the first laser device of the output of first laser device 21
Pulse exports outward via the second port and third port of the first optical transmission module 41, injects locking excitation as the second level
Seed light.It is injected in locking excitation process in the second level, first laser device pulse is via the of the second optical transmission module 42
In Single port and second port injection second laser 22, the second laser pulse that second laser 22 exports is via the second light
The second port and third port for learning transmission module 42 export outward, and the seed light of locking excitation is injected as the second level.Successively
Analogize, at n-th grade injection locking excitation process in, (n-1)th laser pulse via the n-th optical transmission module 4n first end
Mouth and second port the n-th laser of injection 2n, the n-th laser pulse of the n-th laser 2n outputs is via the n-th optical transmission module
The second port and third port of 4n exports outward, is used as local local oscillator light.
Further, decoding apparatus can also include Postponement module, for making local local oscillator light and signal light while reaching
Zero-difference detection module 3, to which coherent interference effect occur, to be detected to the coherent interference result.
Further, decoding apparatus can also include seed light intensity detection module, and laser module 2 is injected into for detecting
Pilot tone light intensity it is whether sufficiently stable so that can reach injection locking requirement, and generate decoding apparatus at when
Clock signal.As an example, seed light intensity detection module may include the second beam splitting module and light intensity detector module,
In, the second beam splitting module is used to pilot tone light separating a part of light and be used so that light intensity detector module detects.Preferably, second
Beam splitting module may include polarization-maintaining beam splitting element, such as polarization-maintaining beam splitter.
The operation principle of the decoding apparatus of the utility model is further described below.Specifically, in the utility model
Decoding apparatus in, receive the combined beam light sent by the ends Alice first comprising pilot tone light and signal light.Pilot tone light and signal
Just it is derived from two components of same pulsed light, wherein pilot tone light can have relatively large intensity, signal light that can have
Relatively small intensity and carry quantum key information.Secondly, pilot tone light and signal light in combined beam light is made to detach with along not
Same light path transmits.Subsequently, based on pilot tone light local local oscillator light is generated via level-one or multistage injection locking excitation process.Most
Afterwards, make local local oscillator light and signal light that coherent interference effect occur, and the coherent interference result is detected.
In the another aspect of the utility model, a kind of continuous variable quantum key distribution system is also disclosed, is provided with
There is the decoding apparatus of the utility model.
Although above in conjunction with attached drawing by specific embodiment be described in detail the utility model be used for continuous variable quantum
The decoding apparatus and dissemination system of key distribution, but it will be readily appreciated by those skilled in the art that above-described embodiment is only example
Property, for illustrating the principles of the present invention, the scope of the utility model can't be caused to limit, people in the art
Member can carry out above-described embodiment various combinations, modification and equivalent replacement, without departing from the spirit and scope of the utility model.
Claims (11)
1. a kind of decoding apparatus for continuous variable quantum key distribution, including beam splitting module (1), laser module (2) and
Zero-difference detection module (3), it is characterised in that：
The beam splitting module (1) be used to receive include pilot tone light and signal light combined beam light, and by the institute in the combined beam light
State pilot tone light and signal light separation, wherein the pilot tone light and the signal optical source in the combined beam light are in same arteries and veins
It washes off；
The laser module (2) includes n laser, and is locked via injection based on the pilot tone light as seed light
The mode of excitation generates local local oscillator light, and wherein n is the natural number more than zero；Also,
The zero-difference detection module (3) is used to receive the local local oscillator light and the signal light, and to the local local oscillator
The coherent interference result of light and the signal light is detected.
2. decoding apparatus as described in claim 1, wherein the beam splitting module (1) includes polarization-maintaining polarization beam splitting element.
3. decoding apparatus as described in claim 1, wherein the zero-difference detection module (3) includes single zero-difference detection device.
4. decoding apparatus as described in claim 1, wherein the laser pulse of the laser with for the laser
It is configured to meet in pulse width and relative time delay between seed light：Within a system period, the laser is injected
Seed light can cover the laser pulse of the laser in time.
5. decoding apparatus as described in claim 1 further comprises seed light intensity detection module, institute is injected into for detecting
Whether the intensity for stating the pilot tone light of laser module (2) is sufficient for injection locking requirement, and generates clock signal.
6. decoding apparatus as described in claim 1, further comprises Postponement module, for making the local local oscillator light and institute
It states signal light while reaching the zero-difference detection module (3).
7. decoding apparatus as described in claim 1, wherein the laser module (2) further includes n optical transmission module
(4)。
8. decoding apparatus as claimed in claim 7, the optical transmission module (4) includes three ports and is configured to：With
In i-th of laser (2i) seed light through the first port and second port of i-th of optical transmission module (4i)
It injects in i-th of laser (2i), the laser pulse of i-th of laser (2i) output is via i-th of the light
Learn second port and the third port output of transmission module (4i), wherein i=1 ..., n.
9. decoding apparatus as claimed in claim 8, wherein the optical transmission module is configured to not allow from posterior
The light pulse of the laser, which returns, to be inputted in the preceding laser.
10. decoding apparatus as claimed in claim 8, wherein the optical transmission module (4) includes circulator and/or beam splitting
Device.
11. a kind of continuous variable quantum key distribution system comprising the decoding dress as described in any one of claim 1-10
It sets.
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| CN201820467577.7U CN207947788U (en) | 2018-03-30 | 2018-03-30 | A kind of decoding apparatus and dissemination system for continuous variable quantum key distribution |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110324140A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2019-10-11 | 上海国盾量子信息技术有限公司 | A kind of decoding apparatus, method and dissemination system for continuous variable quantum key distribution |
| CN111786730A (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2020-10-16 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十研究所 | Pilot frequency assisted local oscillator continuous variable quantum key distribution system and method |
| CN116400324A (en) * | 2023-06-05 | 2023-07-07 | 北京中科国光量子科技有限公司 | Polarization-independent anti-deception interference quantum laser radar |
-
2018
- 2018-03-30 CN CN201820467577.7U patent/CN207947788U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN110324140A (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2019-10-11 | 上海国盾量子信息技术有限公司 | A kind of decoding apparatus, method and dissemination system for continuous variable quantum key distribution |
| CN110324140B (en) * | 2018-03-30 | 2024-07-02 | 上海国盾量子信息技术有限公司 | Decoding device, method and distribution system for continuous variable quantum key distribution |
| CN111786730A (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2020-10-16 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十研究所 | Pilot frequency assisted local oscillator continuous variable quantum key distribution system and method |
| CN111786730B (en) * | 2020-06-08 | 2021-06-04 | 中国电子科技集团公司第三十研究所 | Pilot frequency assisted local oscillator continuous variable quantum key distribution system and method |
| CN116400324A (en) * | 2023-06-05 | 2023-07-07 | 北京中科国光量子科技有限公司 | Polarization-independent anti-deception interference quantum laser radar |
| CN116400324B (en) * | 2023-06-05 | 2023-08-11 | 北京中科国光量子科技有限公司 | Polarization-independent anti-deception interference quantum laser radar |
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