CN207943143U - No anchor system automatically resets far-reaching extra large ocean weather station observation buoy - Google Patents

Abstract

The fixed-point observation buoy and method for deep and open sea automatic reset without mooring systems, including a buoy body and a dynamic positioning system. A small observation platform is arranged on the top of the buoy body, and a meteorological observation sensor can be installed on the small observation platform, which is connected with the buoy body through a mast to form a whole. The dynamic positioning system consists of an anemometer, barometer, locator, flat solar panel, flexible solar panel on the mast, current meter installed under the floating body, propulsion motor, propeller, controller and software installed on the observation platform. composition. The application solves the problem that a long mooring system is required for anchorage during fixed-point observation of deep-sea buoys, and can also realize fixed-point ocean element observation without anchorage of the mooring system. The buoy can be automatically on duty at this point for long-term observation according to the set station position and allowable activity radius. Once the buoy drifts within the set activity radius range under the action of wind and waves, it will automatically return to the set activity radius with the help of its own power system. Set the station position and continue to observe.

Description

Fixed-point observation buoy in deep and open sea with automatic reset without mooring system

technical field

The utility model relates to a deep and open sea observation system, in particular to an anchorless automatic reset deep and open sea fixed-point observation buoy, which belongs to the technical field of deep and open sea buoys.

Background technique

At present, the buoys for fixed-point observation at sea are anchored and fixed at a station in a certain sea area to realize the function of observing marine elements. This requires the configuration of a mooring system that is much larger than the water depth. In the deep sea, the cost of this mooring system ranges from hundreds of thousands of yuan to as many as one million yuan, and requires expensive large ships for deployment and recovery. Operations, such as deploying a buoy with a diameter of 6m at a water depth of 4000m, and mooring cables up to 5000m, the deployment requires the sea area of the station to last for a whole day under the third-level sea state, and the recovery also requires the sea area of the station to continue under the third-level sea state. all day. If the sea conditions are bad, more boat hours are needed and the cost is higher. Regardless of recovery or deployment, a large number of moorings require a lot of manpower to sort out, which not only increases the labor intensity and difficulty of the operators, but also increases the operating costs. Secondly, buoys need to be anchored and fixed, which must have strict requirements on the geology, topography and environmental conditions of the seabed. For example, locations with drastic changes in seabed topography are not suitable for deployment, and places where submarine cables and oil pipelines are dense cannot be deployed, which seriously restricts observation stations. The selection of the location affects the business needs and is not conducive to the protection of the marine environment. It can be seen that in the prior art, there are problems such as high cost, harsh operating sea conditions, and strict requirements on the seabed conditions of the deployment location.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the utility model is to solve the problem that a long mooring system is needed for mooring when the deep-sea buoy is used for fixed-point observation, and to provide a buoy that can realize fixed-point ocean element observation without mooring system mooring. The buoy can automatically be on duty at this point for long-term observation according to the set station position and the allowable activity radius. Once the buoy drifts within the set activity radius range under the action of wind and waves, it will automatically return to the set activity radius with the help of its own power system. Set the station position and continue to observe.

The fixed-point observation buoy without moorings automatically resets deep and open seas, and is characterized in that it includes a buoy body and a dynamic positioning system. The top of the buoy body is provided with a small observation platform, and a meteorological observation sensor can be installed on the small observation platform. Through the mast and the buoy Connected as a whole, the buoy body meets all the requirements of existing routine observation needs.

The dynamic positioning system consists of an anemometer, a barometer, a locator, a planar solar panel, a cylindrical flexible solar panel on the mast, a conical flexible solar panel on the mast, a current gauge installed under the floating body, Composition of propulsion motor, propeller, controller and software.

According to the round feature of the buoy body mast, the utility model uses flexible solar panels to fit the mast, so that the power of the buoy system can be greatly provided to meet the power system's demand for electric energy, and the buoy body will not be increased. Additional wind resistance. If traditional solar panels are used, a flat mounting bracket needs to be added to the mast, which will increase the wind-bearing area of the buoy body, increase the center of gravity of the buoy body, and seriously cause the buoy body to overturn. Since the buoy is equipped with wind speed and direction instrument, barometer, locator, sea current meter, propulsion motor, propeller, controller and software, the buoy has no mooring system anchor, and can always ensure fixed-point observation in a certain set area Ocean elements. The buoy can automatically be on duty at this point for long-term observation according to the set station position and the allowable radius of activity. Under the fine calculation of the composition, it will automatically return to the set station position and continue to observe. This can save the cost of mooring anchors, the cost of deploying and recovering ships and the like.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a front view of the overall structure of the utility model.

Fig. 2 is a side view of the overall structure of the utility model.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the buoy deviated from the deployment station of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the buoy of the present invention returning to the deployed station.

Among them, 1 small observation platform, 2 wind speed and direction instrument, 3 barometric pressure instrument, 4 locator, 5 flat solar panel, 6 deep sea fixed-point observation buoy without mooring automatic reset, 7 mast tube, 8 buoy body, 9 propeller, 10 Conical flexible solar panels, 11 cylindrical flexible solar panels, 12 propulsion motors, 13 sea current meters.

Detailed ways

The utility model is equipped with a dynamic positioning system on the buoy, so that the observation of marine elements can be performed at a fixed point without anchorage of the mooring system, which saves deployment and recovery costs and mooring costs, and improves operating efficiency at the same time.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, the fixed-point observation buoy without moorings automatically resets deep and open seas, and is characterized in that it includes a buoy body 8, and the middle part above the buoy body 8 is provided with a mast 7, and the lower and middle parts of the mast 7 And the upper part is a first-level mast, a circular platform body and a second-level mast. The outer side of the circular platform of the mast 7 is provided with a circular frustum-shaped flexible solar panel 10, and the outer surface of the second-level mast is provided with a cylindrical flexible solar panel 11. , the top of the secondary mast is provided with a small observation platform 1 equipped with meteorological observation sensors, and an anemometer 2, a barometer 3, a locator 4, and a plane solar panel 5 are also arranged on the small observation platform 1; the bottom of the buoy body 8 A current gauge 13 is provided, and a propulsion motor 12 with a propeller 9 is installed in the center of the bottom of the buoy body 8 .

The dynamic positioning system is composed of position monitoring subsystem, thrust subsystem and control subsystem.

The position monitoring subsystem is composed of a locator 4 installed on the small observation platform 1, which provides real-time position information for the dynamic positioning system;

The propulsion subsystem consists of the planar solar panel 5 on the small observation platform 1, the cylindrical flexible solar panel 11 and the frustum-shaped flexible solar panel 10 on the mast 7, the propulsion motor 12 and the propeller 9 installed under the buoy body 8 , which provides the power to keep the whole floating body system in place continuously;

The control subsystem is composed of an anemometer 2, a barometer 3, a current meter 13 installed on the small observation platform 1, and a control device with a built-in program. It provides judgment parameters for the dynamic positioning system, and will use the position monitoring subsystem to measure the position of the buoy. The real-time position or the deviation of the position direction is used as the input quantity, and the starting command is issued to the thrust subsystem, and the power to return to the predetermined area is output.

As shown in Figure 3, the (X0, Y0) coordinates are the station where the fixed-point observation marker 6 in the deep and open sea is automatically reset without mooring system. distance R) for observation, once no mooring system automatically resets the fixed-point observation buoy 6 in the deep sea and leaves the circular area, the position monitoring subsystem will input the position and direction deviation, send a power start command to the thrust subsystem, and input the position and direction deviation to The thrust subsystem, the thrust subsystem adjusts the power direction in time according to the real-time position and direction deviation, and drives the non-moored system to automatically reset the fixed-point observation buoy in the deep and open sea to travel in 6 directions (X0, Y0) until the fixed-point observation buoy in the deep and open sea automatically resets without the mooring system 6 Return to the (X0, Y0) coordinate station.

Therefore, the method for automatic reset of the above-mentioned non-mooring automatic reset deep sea buoy is as follows:

(0) Set the coordinates (X0, Y0) of the deployment station and the maximum offset distance R;

(1) Judging the value P of the barometer 3, if P≥976hPa, travel at the designed economical speed, and perform the following steps: monitor the value (Xi, Yi) of the locator 4 in real time, and input it into the formula (1) to judge the relationship between Ri and The size relationship between R

1) If Ri<R, the thrust subsystem does not operate;

2) If Ri≥R, the thrust subsystem is activated, and the following commands are executed:

a) Calculation of the resultant force (i.e. the resultant force of wind and current) received by the buoy system: according to the real-time wind speed value observed by the anemometer 2 and the real-time value of the ocean current observed by the current meter 13 Multiply by their stress areas respectively (the wind stress area S _F and flow stress area S _L are both determined by the design of the buoy body), and then calculate the vector sum Assume The corresponding coordinates are (m, n), as shown in formula (2)

b) Take (X _i , Y _i ) as One endpoint of the vector equation, find the coordinates (X _i+1 , Y _i+1 ) of the other endpoint, that is, after (X _i+1 , Y _i+1 )=(X _i +m, Y _i +n), then Taking (X _i+1 , Y _i+1 ) as the center of the circle, taking the modulus V of the economic speed as the radius, and setting x and y as unknowns, obtain a circle equation (3)

(xX _i+1 ) ² +(yY _i+1 ) ² ＝V ² (3)

c) According to the buoy deployment position (X0, Y0) and the value (Xi, Yi) of the real-time monitoring locator 4, the linear equation (4) is obtained

d) Jointly solve equation (3) and equation (4), and obtain the solution of x and y as (a, b)

e) Obtain the thrust equation (5) according to the coordinates of (X _i+1 , Y _i+1 ) and (a, b)

Solve equation (5) to obtain the propulsion heading angle Φ of the buoy system;

f) The buoy travels to the deployment point (X0, Y0) at the economic speed with a heading angle of Φ, and repeats the above steps a)-e every time T (the value is between 30 seconds and 60 seconds) while driving ) has obtained the latest heading angle; and monitor the value (Xi, Yi) of the locator 4 in real time, once the distance Ri between (Xi, Yi) and (X0, Y0) is less than 1/100 of R, the propulsion subsystem stops working ;

(2) Judging the value P of the barometer 3, if P<976hPa, proceed at the designed maximum speed and execute the following procedures:

1) Calculation of the force (that is, the resultant force of wind and current) on the buoy system: according to the real-time wind speed value observed by the anemometer 2 and the real-time ocean current value observed by the current meter 13 Multiply by their respective stress areas (wind stress area S _F ; flow stress area S _L ), and then calculate the vector sum As shown in formula (2);

2) propulsion navigation speed and On the contrary, the value (Xi, Yi) of the locator 4 is monitored in real time, once the distance Ri between (Xi, Yi) and (X0, Y0) is less than 1/100 of R, the propulsion subsystem stops working.

——This is because during a typhoon, as long as the buoy is affected by the wind current and slightly deviates from the target position, it needs to use full power. At this moment, the vector is offset by propulsion, so it can move closer to the x0y0 point.

Claims (1)

1. automatically reseting far-reaching extra large ocean weather station observation buoy without anchor system, it is characterised in that including buoy float (8), the buoy float (8) upper center is equipped with mast cylinder (7), and mast cylinder (7) lower part, middle part and top are level-one mast cylinder, round estrade and two level successively Mast cylinder, the round platform outside of mast cylinder (7) is equipped with truncated cone-shaped flexible solar panel (10), two level mast cylinder lateral surface is equipped with circle Cylindrical flexible solar panel (11), the top setting of two level mast cylinder are equipped with the observation chain-wales (1) of meteorological observation sensor, It is additionally provided with anemoclinograph (2), barograph (3), position indicator (4), plane solar energy solar panel (5) on observation chain-wales (1)； Buoy float (8) bottom is equipped with current meter (13), and buoy float (8) bottom center is provided with the propulsion electric machine (12) of propeller (9).