CN207675559U - In-situ test device for mechanical properties of high temperature and high frequency materials - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model is related to a kind of high-temperature high-frequency material mechanical property in-situ test devices, belong to Material Testing Machine and precision instrument technical field.Mainly draw/force down all fatigue loading modules, in-situ monitoring module, temperature load to be formed with monitoring modular, static buckling load-on module, ultrasonic fatigue load-on module and ultrasonic fatigue and static buckling load-on module position switching mechanism by static state.It is realized using components such as energy converter, amplitude transformer and probes and the high frequency of test specimen is loaded, the load of drawing/compressive load and low-frequency alternating load is realized using high frequency servo hydraulic pressure cylinder assembly, apply high temperature load using halogen heating lamp, and the strain of test specimen is measured in real time using non-contact measurement by in-situ monitoring module.The utility model is simple in structure, compact in design, bending ultrasonic fatigue and tensile load Combined Loading may be implemented and coupled with temperature field, can more accurately simulate complex working condition of the key areas military service material such as Aeronautics and Astronautics under high-temperature high-frequency alternate load effect.

Description

In-situ test device for mechanical properties of high temperature and high frequency materials

technical field

The utility model relates to the field of precision sensors and precision instruments, in particular to an in-situ testing device for the mechanical properties of high-temperature and high-frequency materials. It can realize the application of "tensile-bending" composite load and low-frequency alternating load on the specimen, and can also realize asymmetric tension-compression ultrasonic fatigue loading and composite loading of bending ultrasonic fatigue and tensile load, and can be coupled with the temperature field Loading can more realistically simulate the complex working conditions of materials in service in key fields such as aviation, aerospace and nuclear industries under high temperature and high frequency alternating loads. It adopts modular design and integrates an automatically controllable temperature loading and monitoring module. Combined with the in-situ monitoring module, it can further study the deformation and damage mechanism, microstructure change and performance evolution of materials under high temperature and high frequency alternating load. Provide effective means and methods for testing the micromechanical properties of materials under service conditions.

Background technique

With the advancement of technology and the continuous development of the national economy, people put forward more stringent requirements for mechanical equipment in terms of service life, safety performance, and economic efficiency. In engineering practice, materials serving in key fields such as aviation, aerospace and nuclear industries often lead to fracture and damage of spacecraft and other mechanical structures under the action of high-temperature and high-frequency alternating loads.

At present, a series of high-temperature and high-frequency material mechanical performance devices developed at home and abroad, especially commercial high-temperature fatigue testing machines that have been industrialized, are mainly traditional servo hydraulic testing machines, but their frequency can only reach 50 ~300Hz. However, with the continuous development of fatigue science research, research in related fields is no longer satisfied with low-cycle fatigue and high-cycle fatigue life tests with less than 10 ⁷ times. Months or even years, but the ultrasonic fatigue test method based on the principle of piezoelectric electrostriction (the working frequency is generally 15~40KHz, the typical working frequency is 20KHz) only needs more than ten minutes to a few hours, which effectively shortens the test period. The prospects are broad.

Research on the dominant factors of fatigue failure of typical structural materials such as aero-engine single crystal superalloys, zirconium-based amorphous alloys, and high-entropy alloys has attracted extensive attention from academic and engineering circles at home and abroad, especially for the study of force- There are not many design devices for testing the mechanical properties of materials on the relationship between thermally coupled fatigue failure mechanism and microstructure evolution, and it is generally impossible to integrate in-situ observation technology with other in-situ testing technologies, such as Chinese patent (CN 202256076U), using The cylindrical extension rod extends into the high-temperature chamber, and adopts a symmetrical tension-compression ultrasonic fatigue test system design, and because the temperature load of the high-temperature chamber on the sample is relatively uniform, the device can only be used for constant temperature or slow-speed variable temperature tests, which is difficult to carry out Rapid temperature change, temperature fatigue and high frequency fatigue under preload, etc. Another example is the Chinese utility model (CN 203365257 U), which realizes high-temperature loading based on the heating principle of induction heating, and uses an infrared thermometer to monitor the temperature field distribution of the entire specimen in situ, although the test system can achieve rapid temperature rise and closed-loop temperature However, it is still impossible to realize the in-situ observation of the test process and the experimental research of temperature fatigue loading, variable temperature gradient loading and other close to complex service conditions.

Therefore, the design and development of in-situ testing devices for the mechanical properties of high-temperature and high-frequency materials has also become an important part of the study of the initial fatigue crack initiation, growth, and distribution of key service materials in the aviation and aerospace fields. The development trend of important topics such as the relationship between morphology and macroscopic fatigue cracks.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is to provide an in-situ test device for the mechanical properties of high-temperature and high-frequency materials, which solves the problem of in-situ observation and temperature fatigue loading, high-frequency fatigue under preload and other close to complex service conditions that cannot be realized in the prior art. experimental research and other issues. The utility model simulates the material performance test of materials in key fields such as aviation, aerospace and nuclear industry under the action of high-temperature and high-frequency alternating loads, and can realize temperature fatigue loading and in-situ monitoring, coupling ultrasonic stretching (bending) fatigue load and pre-testing Experimental studies such as high-frequency fatigue under load can further study the micro-mechanical properties of materials under high-temperature and high-frequency alternating loads.

Above-mentioned purpose of the utility model is realized through the following technical solutions:

In-situ test device for mechanical properties of high-temperature and high-frequency materials, including air-flotation vibration isolation table 1, static tension/compression-low cycle fatigue loading module 2, in-situ monitoring module, temperature loading and monitoring module 5, static bending loading module 6, ultrasonic The fatigue loading module 7 and the ultrasonic fatigue and static bending loading module position switching mechanism 8 are characterized in that: the in-situ monitoring module is composed of a digital speckle in-situ testing system 3 and an optical in-situ observation unit 4; the static pulling/ The pressure-low cycle fatigue loading module 2, the digital speckle in-situ testing system 3 and the temperature loading and monitoring module 5 are all fixedly connected to the air-floating vibration isolation table 1 by bolts; the optical in-situ observation unit 4, the static bending loading The module 6 and the ultrasonic fatigue loading module 7 are fixedly connected to the air bearing vibration isolation table 1 via the position switching mechanism 8 of the ultrasonic fatigue and static bending loading module, so as to ensure that the ultrasonic fatigue loading module 7 is parallel to the optical in-situ observation unit 4 and the static bending loading module 6 degree and perpendicularity to the static tension/compression-low cycle fatigue loading module 2, and ensure that mutual movement does not interfere; the optical in-situ observation unit 4 and the static bending loading module 6 are relatively static tension/compression-low cycle fatigue loading The modules 2 are arranged symmetrically, and the axis of the observation barrel of the optical in-situ observation unit 4 coincides with the loading axis of the static bending loading module 6 .

The static tension/compression-low cycle fatigue loading module 2 is: two sets of high-frequency servo hydraulic cylinder assemblies 23 are fixedly connected to the brackets 24 on both sides respectively, and the extended end of the piston rod is connected to the force sensor I26 via the connecting sleeve 25 Connected; the lower clamp body 27 is connected with the force sensor I26 thread, and is provided with a groove matching the clamping end of the thin plate test piece 29, and cooperates with the upper clamp body 28 to complete the clamping and loading of the thin plate test piece 29; the lower clamp body 27 is provided with a "U"-shaped circulating cooling circuit to prevent the high-temperature load from being transmitted to the force sensor I26; the brackets 24 on both sides are respectively fixed on the air-floating vibration isolation table 1 by four hexagon socket head cap screws 22, and are connected by two A cylindrical pin 21 for positioning.

The optical in-situ observation unit 4 is: the improved stereoscopic microscope 412 is fixed on the mounting bracket 413, and then fixed on the nut base I46 by screws; The cover 48 and the rear end cover 410 are sealed and dustproof, and the two ends are respectively connected with the DC servo motor I411 and the lead screw module I44 to transmit torque; the DC servo motor I411 is fixed on the rear end cover 410 and then connected with the base I43; the nut seat I46 is assembled with two linear guide rails 47 through four sliders 45, and is installed on the base I43; the laser displacement sensor I42 is fixed on the laser displacement sensor bracket 41, and is located on the base I43 within the extreme positions of both ends of the linear guide rail 47 superior.

The temperature loading and monitoring module 5 is as follows: two halogen heating lamps 52 and monitoring equipment 53 are respectively connected to the connection ends of three multi-degree-of-freedom mechanical arms 51 and fixed on the air-floating vibration isolation table 1 .

The static bending loading module 6 is as follows: the DC servo motor II61 is fixedly connected to the base II612 through the motor mounting plate 62; The installation method of fixing one end to move; the elastic coupling II83 is placed in the coupling protection shell II63, and is sealed and dust-proof through the motor mounting plate 62; the force sensor II67 is threadedly connected with the pressure head 68 and the connecting sleeve 66 respectively, and Fixed on the "L"-shaped support 64; the "L"-shaped support 64 is fixed on the nut seat II65, the nut seat II65 is connected with the linear guide rail slider assembly I611, and the linear guide rail slider assembly I611 is connected to the base II612; The two limit travel switches 69 are respectively fixed on the base II612 within the stroke limit position; the incremental linear grating ruler I615 is connected to the nut seat II65; the external reading head I614 is fixed on the external reading head mounting plate I613, and the external reading head The head mounting plate I613 is fixedly connected with the base II612.

The described ultrasonic fatigue loading module 7 is: the DC servo motor III71 is connected with the two-way lead screw 718 through the elastic coupling I72, and is fixed on the base III717; Two lead screw nuts 711 with opposite directions of rotation are respectively connected with nut seat IV720 and nut seat III710 to realize synchronous reverse movement; the left horn 75 is threadedly connected with the transducer 74 and the left probe 76, and is fixed on the nut on the left horn mounting bracket 73 connected with seat IV720; the right horn 75A is threadedly connected with the right probe 76A, and fixed on the right horn mounting bracket 73A connected with the slide table 715; Spindle mounting bracket 73A is threadedly connected with force sensor III714 and fixed on connection block 713; connection block 713 is fixed on "L"-shaped connection plate 712 by screws, and then connected with nut seat III710 to realize the fatigue test piece 719 Preload; the fatigue test piece 719 is threadedly connected with the left cooling copper rod 77 and the right cooling copper rod 77A, and multiple groups of compressed air nozzles 78 are evenly arranged on both sides of the left cooling copper rod 77 and the right cooling copper rod 77A; Base III710, nut base IV720 and sliding table 715 are installed on the base III717 through the linear guide rail slider assembly II716; incremental linear grating ruler II723 is connected to the nut base IV720; the external reading head II722 is fixed on the external reading head mounting plate II721 , and connected with the base III717.

The "L"-shaped connecting plate 712 is provided with two waist drum holes, and is threaded with the right heat dissipation copper rod 77A and the right horn 76A; the ends of the left heat dissipation copper rod 77 and the right heat dissipation copper rod 77A are All are equipped with chamfers, and the vibration displacement amplitude of the end of the fatigue test piece 719 can be accurately measured through the laser displacement sensor II79 installed on the base III (717).

The position switching mechanism 8 of the ultrasonic fatigue and static bending loading module is: the DC servo motor IV82 is connected with the lead screw module III86 through the elastic coupling II83, and is fixed on the base IV84; the base I43 of the optical in-situ observation unit 4 and The base II612 of the static bending loading module 6 is respectively connected with the base III717 of the ultrasonic fatigue loading module 7 to form a whole, and is connected with the linear guide rail slider assembly III85 and the auxiliary guide rail slider assembly 81 fixed on the air bearing vibration isolation table 1 .

The digital speckle in-situ testing system 3 and the imaging equipment in the monitoring equipment 53 need to install necessary cooling protection devices according to the temperature load, and use high temperature resistant sapphire glass lens; the digital speckle in-situ testing system 3 and The optical path of the imaging device in the monitoring device 53 does not interfere with the focusing optical path of the halogen heating lamp 52, thereby reducing test errors.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

1. The utility model has a simple structure and a compact layout, which can realize the application of "stretch-bending" composite load and low-frequency alternating load on the test piece. At the same time, the utility model can also realize asymmetric tension-compression ultrasonic fatigue loading and bending ultrasonic fatigue Combined loading with tensile load, and can be coupled with temperature field, not only can more realistically simulate complex working conditions of materials in service in key fields such as aviation, aerospace and nuclear industry under high-temperature and high-frequency alternating loads, but also has the ability to simulate The loading capacity of other simple working conditions has the advantage of "one machine with multiple functions".

2. The utility model adopts modular design, based on static tension/compression-low cycle fatigue loading module and ultrasonic fatigue loading module, integrating static bending and temperature loading modules, combined with optical in-situ observation unit, digital speckle in-situ The testing system and temperature monitoring modules realize real-time monitoring of the specimen, and use the ultrasonic fatigue and static bending loading module position switching mechanism to realize the function conversion between the ultrasonic fatigue loading module and the static bending loading module and the optical in-situ observation unit, which is convenient for simulating various services Material performance testing under working conditions, and the modular design is also conducive to the combined installation, improvement, optimization and maintenance of the whole machine.

3. The utility model integrates the temperature loading and monitoring module automatically controlled by the multi-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm, which can realize different forms of temperature loading such as temperature fatigue loading and variable temperature gradient on the test piece, and can control the material at high temperature and high frequency. Research on the correlation between the initial fatigue crack initiation, propagation and distribution of materials under load and the load effect and fatigue life prediction, etc., combined with the in-situ monitoring module can further carry out research on the relationship between material microstructure and macroscopic cracks.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings described here are used to provide a further understanding of the utility model and constitute a part of the application. The schematic examples and descriptions of the utility model are used to explain the utility model and do not constitute improper limitations to the utility model.

Fig. 1 is the overall layout axonometric drawing of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is the overall layout top view of the utility model;

Fig. 3 is the axonometric view of the static tension/compression-low cycle fatigue loading module of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the axonometric view of the optical in-situ observation unit of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the temperature loading and monitoring schematic diagram of the utility model;

Fig. 6 is an axonometric view of the static bending loading module of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is an axonometric view of the ultrasonic fatigue loading module of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a top view of the arrangement of the main loading modules of the present invention and the position switching mechanism of the ultrasonic fatigue and static bending loading modules;

Fig. 9 is a top view of the tension-bending composite load of the present invention.

In the figure: 1. Air bearing vibration isolation platform; 2. Static tension/compression-low cycle fatigue loading module; 21. Cylindrical pin; 22. Hexagon socket head screw; 23. High frequency servo hydraulic cylinder assembly; 24. Bracket; 25. Connecting sleeve; 26. Force sensor I; 27. Lower clamp body; 28. Upper clamp body; 29. Thin plate specimen; 3. Digital speckle in-situ test system; 4. Optical in-situ observation unit; 41. Laser Displacement sensor bracket; 42. Laser displacement sensor I; 43. Base I; 44. Lead screw module I; 45. Slider; 46. Nut seat I; 47. Linear guide rail; 48. Front end cover; 49. Coupling Protective shell I; 410, rear end cover; 411, DC servo motor I; 412, improved stereo microscope; 413, mounting bracket; 5, temperature loading and monitoring module; 51, multi-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm; 52, halogen heating lamp ;53. Monitoring equipment; 6. Static bending loading module; 61. DC servo motor II; 62. Motor mounting plate; 63. Coupling protection shell II; 64. "L" shaped support; 65. Nut seat II; 66. Connecting sleeve; 67. Force sensor II; 68. Pressure head; 69. Limit stroke switch; 610. Lead screw module II; 611. Linear guide rail slider assembly I; 612. Base II; 613. External reading Head mounting plate I; 614, external reading head I; 615, incremental linear grating scale I; 7, ultrasonic fatigue loading module; 71, DC servo motor III; 72, elastic coupling I; 73, left-side luffing Rod mounting bracket; 73A, right horn mounting bracket; 74, transducer; 75, left horn; 75A, right horn; 76, left probe; 76A, right probe; 77, Left cooling copper rod; 77A, right cooling copper rod; 78, compressed air nozzle; 79, laser displacement sensor II; 710, nut seat III; 711, lead screw nut; 712, "L" shaped connecting plate; Connection block; 714, force sensor III; 715, slide table; 716, linear guide rail slider assembly II; 717, base III; 718, two-way ball screw; 719, fatigue test piece; 720, nut seat IV; 721, exterior Reading head mounting plate II; 722. External reading head II; 723. Incremental linear grating scale II; 8. Ultrasonic fatigue and static bending loading module position switching mechanism; 81. Auxiliary guide rail slider assembly; 82. DC servo motor IV ; 83. Elastic coupling II; 84. Base IV; 85. Linear guide rail slider assembly III; 86. Lead screw module III.

Detailed ways

Further illustrate the detailed content of the utility model and its specific implementation below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

Referring to Figures 1 to 8, the in-situ testing device for the mechanical properties of high-temperature and high-frequency materials of the present invention can realize combined loading of bending ultrasonic fatigue and tensile load and be coupled with the temperature field, and can more realistically simulate aviation, aerospace and The real working conditions of service materials in key fields such as the nuclear industry under high temperature and high frequency alternating loads can further study the microscopic mechanical properties of service materials. The utility model adopts a modular design and integrates an in-situ monitoring module. It has the advantages of simple structure and compact layout. Intrinsics provide effective testing methods. Utilize components such as transducers, horns, and probes to realize high-frequency loading on the specimen, use high-frequency servo hydraulic cylinder components to realize tension/compression loads and low-frequency alternating loads, and use halogen heating lamps to apply high-temperature loads. And through the in-situ monitoring module, the strain of the specimen is measured in real time by means of non-contact measurement. The utility model can realize composite loading of bending ultrasonic fatigue and tensile load and be coupled with the temperature field, and can more realistically simulate complex working conditions of materials in service in key fields such as aerospace under the action of high-temperature and high-frequency alternating loads. It mainly consists of air bearing vibration isolation table 1, static tension/compression-low cycle fatigue loading module 2, in-situ monitoring module, temperature loading and monitoring module 5, static bending loading module 6, ultrasonic fatigue loading module 7 and ultrasonic fatigue and static bending The loading module position switching mechanism is composed of 8. The in-situ monitoring module is composed of a digital speckle in-situ testing system 3 and an optical in-situ observation unit 4 . The static tension/compression-low cycle fatigue loading module 2, the digital speckle in-situ testing system 3 and the temperature loading and monitoring module 5 are all fixedly connected to the air-floating vibration isolation table 1 by bolts. The optical in-situ observation unit 4, the static bending loading module 6 and the ultrasonic fatigue loading module 7 are fixedly connected to the air bearing vibration isolation table 1 through the ultrasonic fatigue and static bending loading module position switching mechanism 8, so as to ensure that the ultrasonic fatigue loading module 7 and the optical fatigue loading module The parallelism between the in-situ observation unit 4 and the static bending loading module 6 and the perpendicularity to the static tension/compression-low cycle fatigue loading module 2 are ensured without interfering with each other's movements. The optical in-situ observation unit 4 and the static bending loading module 6 are symmetrically arranged relative to the static tension/compression-low cycle fatigue loading module 2, and keep the axis of the observation barrel of the optical in-situ observation unit 4 and the static bending loading module 6. The loading axes are coincident.

Referring to Fig. 3, the static tension/compression-low cycle fatigue loading module 2 of the present invention is mainly composed of a high-frequency servo hydraulic cylinder assembly 23, a bracket 24, a connecting sleeve 25, a force sensor I26, a lower clamp body 27 and an upper clamp Concrete 28 composition. Among them, two sets of high-frequency servo hydraulic cylinder assemblies 23 are respectively fixedly connected to the brackets 24 on both sides, and the extended end of the piston rod is connected to the force sensor I26 via the connecting sleeve 25 . The lower clamp body 27 is threadedly connected with the force sensor I26, and is provided with a groove matching the clamping end of the thin plate test piece 29, and cooperates with the upper clamp body 28 to complete the clamping and loading of the thin plate test piece 29, and there is a The "U"-shaped circulating cooling circuit is used to block the high-temperature load from being transmitted to the force sensor I26, so as to avoid affecting the measurement accuracy. The brackets 24 on both sides are respectively fixed on the air bearing vibration isolation table 1 by four hexagon socket head cap screws 22 , and are positioned by two cylindrical pins 21 . This module can not only apply static tensile/compressive loads to specimens, but also perform low-cycle fatigue tests based on static tensile preloads.

Referring to Fig. 4, the optical in-situ observation unit 4 of the present utility model is mainly composed of a laser displacement sensor 142, a base 143, a screw module 144, a linear guide 47, a DC servo motor 1411, an improved stereo microscope 412, and a mounting bracket 413 and other components, wherein the improved stereoscopic microscope 412 is fixed on the mounting bracket 413, and then fixed on the nut seat I46 with screws, and the nut seat I46 is assembled with two linear guide rails 47 through four slide blocks 45, installed on On the base I43. The elastic coupling I72 is encapsulated in the coupling protection shell I49, sealed and dust-proof by the front end cover 48 and the rear end cover 410, and the two ends are respectively connected with the DC servo motor I411 and the lead screw module I44 to transmit torque, thereby realizing an improved shape The microscope 412 is precisely fed along the lens direction for adjusting the actual working distance, wherein the DC servo motor I411 is fixed on the rear end cover 410 and then is fixedly connected with the base I43. The laser displacement sensor I42 is fixed on the laser displacement sensor bracket 41, and is located on the base I43 within the extreme positions of the two ends of the linear guide rail 47, and is used to accurately measure the actual working distance and indirectly measure the value with the internal encoder of the DC servo motor I411 Constitute displacement closed-loop control. This module can be used to dynamically monitor the denaturation damage mechanism, microstructure change and performance evolution of the material throughout the test process.

Referring to FIG. 5 , the temperature loading and monitoring module 5 of the present invention is mainly composed of a multi-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm 51 , a halogen heating lamp 52 and a monitoring device 53 . Among them, two halogen heating lamps 52 and monitoring equipment 53 are respectively connected to the connecting ends of three multi-degree-of-freedom mechanical arms 51, and fixed on the air-floating vibration isolation table 1, wherein the halogen heating lamps 52 have a parabolic concentrating surface, Its luminous point is located at the two vertices of the virtual regular hexahedron, and the high-temperature sample to be measured is located at the center of the virtual sphere circumscribing it, and the monitoring device 53 can be replaced with a double colorimetric infrared thermometer, a high-speed camera and Online monitoring equipment such as infrared imagers. Each unit in the multi-degree-of-freedom robotic arm 51 can freely rotate along the hinge, and can realize automatic control of complex temperature load loading (including uniform loading, rapid temperature variable loading, etc.) and real-time monitoring. Combining the optical in-situ observation unit 4 is of great significance to the study of the relationship between the force-thermal coupling fatigue failure mechanism and the microstructure evolution.

Referring to Fig. 6, the static bending loading module 6 of the present utility model is mainly composed of DC servo motor II61, force sensor II67, pressure head 68, limit travel switch 69, lead screw module II610, linear guide rail slider assembly I611, It consists of base II612 and incremental linear grating scale I615. Wherein, the DC servo motor II61 is fixedly connected to the base II612 through the motor mounting plate 62 . The lead screw module II610 is connected with the extended shaft of the DC servo motor II61 through the elastic coupling II83, and adopts the installation method that one end is fixed and the other end moves. The elastic coupling II83 is placed in the coupling protection shell II63 and used The motor mounting plate 62 is sealed and dustproof. The force sensor II67 is threadedly connected with the pressure head 68 and the connecting sleeve 66, and fixed on the "L"-shaped support 64, and the "L"-shaped support 64 is fixed on the nut seat II65, and is connected with the linear guide rail slider assembly I611 Connected, connected to the base II612, for accurate measurement of the size of the bending load. The two limit travel switches 69 are respectively fixed on the base II612 within the travel limit position to prevent the nut seat II65 from exceeding its maximum allowable travel during loading. The incremental linear grating ruler I615 is connected to the nut base II65, and the external reading head I614 used in conjunction with it is fixed on the external reading head mounting plate I613, and the external reading head mounting plate I613 is fixedly connected to the base II612 for bending load displacement The size is accurately measured and forms a displacement closed-loop control with the indirect measurement value of the internal encoder of the DC servo motor II61.

Referring to Fig. 7, the ultrasonic fatigue loading module 7 of the present invention mainly consists of a DC servo motor III71, a left horn mounting bracket 73, a right horn mounting bracket 73A, a transducer 74, and a left horn mounting bracket. Rod 75, right horn 75A, left probe 76, right probe 76A, left cooling copper rod 77, right cooling copper rod 77A, laser displacement sensor II79 and incremental linear grating ruler II723. Among them, the DC servo motor III71 is connected with the two-way lead screw 718 through the elastic coupling I72, and is fixed on the base III717, wherein the two-way lead screw 718 adopts the installation method that one end is fixed and the other end moves, and two lead screws with opposite directions of rotation The nut 711 is respectively connected with the nut seat IV720 and the nut seat III 710 to realize synchronous reverse movement for applying preload to the fatigue test piece 719, thereby changing its average stress. The left horn 75 is threaded to the transducer 74 and the left probe 76, and a plastic gasket is placed on each installation joint surface to avoid scratching the joint surface. On the horn mounting bracket 73, the right horn 75A and the right probe 76A are also screwed together, and plastic gaskets are placed on the joint surfaces of each installation to avoid scratching the joint surfaces, and they are fixed on the joints connected with the slide table 715. On the right horn mounting bracket 73A, wherein the right horn mounting bracket 73A is threaded with the force sensor III714 and fixed on the connection block 713. The connecting block 713 is fixed on the "L"-shaped connecting plate 712 by screws, and then connected with the nut seat III 710, wherein the "L"-shaped connecting plate 712 is provided with two waist drum holes, which can facilitate the realization of the heat dissipation copper rod 77A on the right side and the transformer on the right side. Threaded assembly of web 75A. The fatigue test piece 719 is threadedly connected with the left heat dissipation copper rod 77 and the right heat dissipation copper rod 77A. In order to increase the heat dissipation, the natural frequency of the ultrasonic fatigue loading module 7 will not be changed due to overheating of the left probe 76 and the right probe 76A. Multiple groups of compressed air nozzles 78 are evenly arranged on both sides of the left heat dissipation copper rod 77 and the right heat dissipation copper rod 77A, wherein the ends of the left heat dissipation copper rod 77 and the right heat dissipation copper rod 77A are provided with chamfers. The laser displacement sensor II79 on the base III717 can accurately measure the vibration displacement amplitude of the end of the fatigue test piece 719. Since the fatigue test piece 719 is in the elastic deformation stage during the ultrasonic fatigue loading test, according to the elastic modulus of the inherent property of the material under test at this time At this time, the stress of the tested piece can be determined, and finally the SN curve of the tested material can be obtained. The nut seat III710, the nut seat IV720 and the slide table 715 are installed on the base III717 through the linear guide rail slider assembly II716. The incremental linear grating ruler II723 is connected to the nut seat IV720, and the external reading head II722 used with it is fixed on the external reading head mounting plate II721 and connected to the base III717. This module can be used to realize asymmetric tension-compression ultrasonic fatigue loading alone, or by replacing the left probe 76 and the static tension/compression-low cycle fatigue loading module 2 to realize composite loading of bending ultrasonic fatigue and tensile load, and then can carry out service Experimental research on high-frequency fatigue under material preload.

Referring to Fig. 8, the ultrasonic fatigue and static bending loading module position switching mechanism 8 of the present invention mainly consists of an auxiliary guide rail slider assembly 81, a DC servo motor IV82, a base IV84, a linear guide rail slider assembly III85 and a screw module III86 and other components. Among them, the DC servo motor IV82 is connected with the lead screw module III86 through the elastic coupling II83, and is fixed on the base IV84. The base I43 of the optical in-situ observation unit 4 and the base II 612 of the static bending loading module 6 are respectively integrated with the base III717 of the ultrasonic fatigue loading module 7 via a connecting plate, and slide with the linear guide rail fixed on the air bearing vibration isolation table 1. The block assembly III85 is connected with the auxiliary guide rail slider assembly 81 and fixed on the air bearing vibration isolation table 1 . This module can realize the conversion of the static bending loading module 6, the optical in-situ observation unit 4 and the ultrasonic fatigue loading module 7, and then realize the coupled loading of bending load, high-frequency alternating load and tensile load.

Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 5 and Fig. 9, in the specific test process, the type of load to be applied and the temperature of the simulated service environment are first determined before the test, and the module position switching mechanism 8 is loaded through ultrasonic fatigue and static bending. Realize the module conversion of the required applied load, including the realization of composite loading of bending ultrasonic fatigue and tensile load or the experimental research of "tensile-bending" composite loading combined with microscopic observation. At the same time, by controlling the multi-degree-of-freedom mechanical arm 51 in the temperature loading and monitoring module 5, the required complex temperature load loading is realized, and the monitoring device 53 is used to realize the accurate measurement of the temperature of the test piece, the description of the spatial temperature field, and the measurement by ultrasonic at room temperature. Fatigue cracks caused by fatigue loading and temperature changes during expansion.

During the test process, the loading process of the static tension/compression-low cycle fatigue loading module 2, static bending loading module 6, ultrasonic fatigue loading module 7 and temperature loading and monitoring module 5 is controlled by the multi-channel controller of the industrial computer to realize the predetermined test Require. At the same time, the load and displacement data in each loading module are obtained through the multi-channel acquisition card, and the data obtained by the non-contact strain measurement of the specimen by the digital speckle in-situ test system 3, together with the data collected by the optical in-situ observation unit 4 The image information is transmitted to the debugging software of the industrial computer, and the microstructure of the material surface is dynamically displayed on the corresponding imaging screen in real time, and the entire in-situ test of the mechanical properties of high-temperature and high-frequency materials based on aviation and aerospace key service materials is completed.

The above descriptions are only preferred examples of the utility model, and are not intended to limit the utility model. For those skilled in the art, the utility model can have various modifications and changes. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made to the utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims (8)

1. An in-situ test device for high-temperature and high-frequency material mechanical properties, including an air-floating vibration isolation table (1), a static tension/compression-low cycle fatigue loading module (2), an in-situ monitoring module, and a temperature loading and monitoring module ( 5), static bending loading module (6), ultrasonic fatigue loading module (7) and ultrasonic fatigue and static bending loading module position switching mechanism (8), characterized in that: the in-situ monitoring module is tested by digital speckle in-situ system (3) and optical in-situ observation unit (4); the static tension/compression-low cycle fatigue loading module (2), digital speckle in-situ testing system (3) and temperature loading and monitoring module (5) All are fixed on the air bearing vibration isolation table (1) by bolts; the optical in-situ observation unit (4), static bending loading module (6) and ultrasonic fatigue loading module (7) are connected via ultrasonic fatigue and static bending loading module The position switching mechanism (8) is fixedly connected to the air-floating vibration isolation table (1), ensuring the parallelism between the ultrasonic fatigue loading module (7) and the optical in-situ observation unit (4) and the static bending loading module (6) as well as the static tensile/ The verticality of the compression-low cycle fatigue loading module (2) ensures that the movement of each other does not interfere; the optical in-situ observation unit (4) and the static bending loading module (6) are relatively The modules (2) are arranged symmetrically, and the axis of the observation tube of the optical in-situ observation unit (4) coincides with the loading axis of the static bending loading module (6). 2. The in-situ test device for mechanical properties of high-temperature and high-frequency materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: the static tension/compression-low cycle fatigue loading module (2) is: two sets of high-frequency servo hydraulic cylinder components (23) are fixedly connected to the brackets (24) on both sides, and the extended end of the piston rod is connected to the force sensor I (26) via the connecting sleeve (25); the lower clamp body (27) is connected to the force sensor I (26) The thread is connected, and there is a groove that coincides with the clamping end of the thin plate test piece (29), and it cooperates with the upper clamp body (28) to complete the clamping and loading of the thin plate test piece (29); the lower clamp body (27) A "U"-shaped circulating cooling circuit is provided to prevent the high-temperature load from being transmitted to the force sensor I (26); the brackets (24) on both sides are respectively fixed on the air-floating vibration isolation table ( 1) and positioned by two cylindrical pins (21). 3. The in-situ test device for mechanical properties of high-temperature and high-frequency materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: the optical in-situ observation unit (4) is: an improved stereo microscope (412) fixed on the mounting bracket (413 ), and then fixed on the nut seat I (46) by screws; the elastic coupling I (72) is packaged in the coupling protective shell I (49), through the front end cover (48) and the rear end cover (410) Sealed and dustproof, the two ends are respectively connected with the DC servo motor I (411) and the lead screw module I (44) to transmit torque; the DC servo motor I (411) is fixed on the rear end cover (410) and then connected to the base I ( 43) Fixed connection; the nut seat I (46) is assembled with two linear guide rails (47) through four sliders (45), and installed on the base I (43); the laser displacement sensor I (42) is fixed on the laser on the displacement sensor bracket (41), and on the base I (43) within the limit positions at both ends of the linear guide rail (47). 4. The in-situ test device for mechanical properties of high-temperature and high-frequency materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: the temperature loading and monitoring module (5) is: two halogen heating lamps (52) and monitoring equipment (53 ) are respectively connected to the connecting ends of the three multi-degree-of-freedom mechanical arms (51), and fixed on the air-floating vibration isolation table (1). 5. The in-situ test device for mechanical properties of high-temperature and high-frequency materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: the static bending loading module (6) is: DC servo motor II (61) passing through the motor mounting plate (62) Fixedly connected to the base II (612); the lead screw module II (610) is connected to the extended shaft of the DC servo motor II (61) through the elastic coupling II (83), and the installation method is fixed at one end and floating at the other end ; The elastic coupling II (83) is placed in the coupling protective shell II (63), and is sealed and dust-proof through the motor mounting plate (62); the force sensor II (67) is respectively connected to the pressure head (68), the connecting sleeve The barrel (66) is threaded and fixed on the "L"-shaped support (64); the "L"-shaped support (64) is fixed on the nut seat II (65), and the nut seat II (65) and the linear guide rail The slider assembly I (611) is connected, and the linear guide rail slider assembly I (611) is connected to the base II (612); the two limit travel switches (69) are respectively fixed on the base II (612) within the stroke limit position on; the incremental linear grating scale I (615) is connected to the nut seat II (65); the external reading head I (614) is fixed on the external reading head mounting plate I (613), and the external reading head mounting plate I (613 ) is fixedly connected with the base II (612). 6. The in-situ test device for high-temperature and high-frequency material mechanical properties according to claim 1, characterized in that: the ultrasonic fatigue loading module (7) is: DC servo motor III (71) through the elastic coupling I ( 72) Connected with the two-way lead screw (718) and fixed on the base III (717); the two-way lead screw (718) is installed with one end fixed and one end floating, through two lead screw nuts (711) that rotate in opposite directions Connect with nut seat IV (720) and nut seat III (710) respectively to realize synchronous reverse movement; the left horn (75) is threaded with the transducer (74) and the left probe (76) and fixed On the left horn mounting bracket (73) connected with the nut seat IV (720); the right horn (75A) is threaded with the right probe (76A) and fixed on the slide table (715) on the right horn mounting bracket (73A); the right horn mounting bracket (73A) is threaded with the force sensor III (714) and fixed on the connection block (713); the connection block (713) is screwed It is fixed on the "L"-shaped connecting plate (712), and then connected to the nut seat III (710), so as to realize the preloading of the fatigue test piece (719); the fatigue test piece (719) and the left cooling copper rod (77) , The right heat dissipation copper rod (77A) is threadedly connected, and multiple groups of compressed air nozzles (78) are evenly arranged on both sides of the left heat dissipation copper rod (77) and the right heat dissipation copper rod (77A); Nut seat III (710), The nut seat IV (720) and the slide table (715) are installed on the base III (717) through the linear guide slider assembly II (716); the incremental linear grating scale II (723) is connected to the nut seat IV (720) ; The external reading head II (722) is fixed on the external reading head mounting plate II (721) and connected with the base III (717). 7. The in-situ test device for mechanical properties of high-temperature and high-frequency materials according to claim 6, characterized in that: the "L"-shaped connecting plate (712) is provided with two waist drum holes, and the right heat-dissipating copper rod (77A ), the threaded assembly of the right horn (75A); the ends of the left heat dissipation copper rod (77) and the right heat dissipation copper rod (77A) are provided with chamfers, which are installed on the base III (717) The laser displacement sensor II (79) can accurately measure the vibration displacement amplitude of the end of the fatigue test piece (719). 8. The in-situ test device for mechanical properties of high-temperature and high-frequency materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: the position switching mechanism (8) of the ultrasonic fatigue and static bending loading module is: a DC servo motor IV (82) passes The elastic coupling II (83) is connected with the lead screw module III (86) and fixed on the base IV (84); the base I (43) of the optical in-situ observation unit (4) and the static bending loading module (6) The base II (612) is respectively connected with the base III (717) of the ultrasonic fatigue loading module (7) to form a whole, and is connected with the linear guide rail slider assembly III (85) fixed on the air bearing vibration isolation table (1), auxiliary Rail slider assembly (81) is connected.