CN206832093U - Shell-and-tube evaporator with double-dryness flow-dividing baffle plate - Google Patents

Abstract

A shell-and-tube evaporator with double dryness splitter baffles, comprising a shell and seal heads arranged at both ends of the shell, the shell is provided with a shell-side inlet pipe and a shell-side outlet pipe, and the seal head is provided with The tube-side inlet pipe and the tube-side outlet pipe, the tube side of the evaporator flows through the evaporating fluid, and the shell side of the evaporator flows through the hot fluid; there are also a number of heat exchange tubes, common baffles and double baffles between the shell and the head Dryness split baffles, heat exchange tubes run through ordinary baffles and double dryness split baffles. The utility model is based on the principle of evaporative heat transfer. During the fluid evaporation process of the shell-and-tube evaporator, the "high and low dryness split heat exchange" evaporates, the low dryness flow maintains the heat exchange efficiency, and the high dryness flow strengthens the heat exchange. , so as to improve the heat transfer and flow uniformity of the tube side, reduce the resistance pressure drop of the tube side, and finally reduce the volume of the evaporator, save consumables and energy, and have strong practicability.

Description

A shell-and-tube evaporator with double dryness splitter baffles

technical field

The utility model relates to the field of evaporators, in particular to a shell-and-tube evaporator with double dryness diversion baffles.

Background technique

Existing shell-and-tube evaporators are basically heat-exchanging bodies composed of heat-exchanging tube rows, common baffles, and shells. Compared with other new evaporators, ordinary shell-and-tube evaporators have disadvantages such as low heat exchange efficiency, large equipment volume, and large consumption of metal materials. However, they also have strong structure, high reliability, and wide application range. Therefore, the shell-and-tube evaporator has great engineering value, so it is necessary to improve the thermal performance of the shell-and-tube evaporator. In ordinary shell-and-tube evaporators, the heat transfer efficiency of the low-dryness working fluid in the evaporation process of the heat exchange tube is not high. The traditional evaporator has the disadvantages of severe pressure loss in the tube, which leads to a decrease in the heat exchange temperature difference between the cold and hot fluids. Therefore, further improvement is necessary.

Utility model content

The purpose of this utility model is to provide a simple and reasonable structure, excellent performance, small volume, good heat exchange effect, energy saving and environmental protection, low manufacturing cost, easy production, easy realization and safe and reliable double dryness splitter baffle A shell-and-tube evaporator overcomes the deficiencies in the prior art.

A shell-and-tube evaporator with double dryness splitter baffles designed according to this purpose, including a shell and seal heads arranged at both ends of the shell, is characterized in that: the shell is provided with a shell-side inlet pipe and a shell There are tube-side inlet pipes and tube-side outlet pipes on the head. The tube-side of the evaporator passes through the evaporating fluid, and the shell-side of the evaporator passes through the hot fluid; Heat pipes, ordinary baffles and double dryness split baffles, heat exchange tubes run through the common baffles and double dry split baffles.

The double dryness splitting baffle is composed of a splitting chamber and an extension plate, and the splitting chamber is composed of a phase separation chamber, a low dryness chamber and a high dryness chamber.

The split chamber is composed of a phase-splitting cavity located at the front of the incoming flow direction of the shell side and a low-quality cavity and a high-quality cavity located at the rear of the incoming flow direction of the shell side; wherein the phase-splitting cavity is a wide cavity structure, and It is located in front of the low dryness cavity and the high dryness cavity, and the low dryness cavity is located below the high dryness cavity; the wall thickness of the shunt chamber is 1-3 times that of the low dryness cavity and the high dryness cavity.

The heat exchange tube runs through the ordinary baffle and the extension plate of the double-quality split baffle, wherein the heat-exchange tube and the side wall of the split chamber of the double-quality split baffle are fixed to each other, and are connected to the double-quality split baffle. The phase-splitting chambers, or the low-quality chambers or the high-quality chambers of the flow plate communicate with each other.

A first chamber wall and a second chamber wall are respectively arranged between the phase separation chamber, the low dryness chamber and the high dryness chamber; wherein, the low dryness chamber is used to guide and mix the low dryness working medium, and is connected with the A number of low-dryness gaps are arranged between the walls of the first chamber, and the shape of the low-dryness gaps is a round hole, a square hole, a rectangle or a strip, and a lower louver grille with an upward opening is arranged below it; the high-dryness chamber is used A number of high-dryness gaps are set between the leading and mixing high-dryness working fluid and the second cavity wall. Upper shutter grille opening downwards.

The opening angles of the lower louver grille and the upper louver grille are 45°-90°.

An adjusting liquid volume tube is also arranged between the high dryness chamber and the phase separation chamber, and the low dryness chamber and the high dryness chamber communicate with each other through the adjusting liquid volume tube, wherein the pipe diameter of the adjusting liquid volume tube is greater than 3 mm, and One end of it extends into the high dryness chamber, and the other end passes through the wall of the second chamber and extends to the bottom of the phase separation chamber.

The tube diameter of the regulating liquid measuring tube is 1/5-1/2 times of the tube diameter of the heat exchange tube; a blind plate is arranged between the low dryness chamber and the high dryness chamber.

The extension plate is a common baffle and is arranged at the upper end or the lower end of the diversion chamber; wherein, the total height of the extension plate and the double dryness diversion baffle is equal to the height of the common baffle.

The shell-side inlet pipe is arranged on the upper part of the shell, and the shell-side outlet pipe is arranged on the lower part of the shell; the tube-side inlet pipe is arranged on the lower part of the head, and the tube-side outlet pipe is arranged on the upper part of the head.

Through the improvement of the above-mentioned structure, the utility model effectively overcomes the low dryness evaporation heat transfer efficiency in the tube-side liquid evaporation heat-exchange process of ordinary shell-and-tube evaporators, and the tube-side gas-liquid phase flow rate in the later stage of the evaporation process. The shortcomings of uneven distribution and significantly increased pressure drop enable the high-quality nucleate boiling high-efficiency heat exchange zone to be realized in advance in part of the heat exchange tube row of the evaporator tube side, thereby improving the overall heat exchange efficiency and improving the efficiency of the tube side. Flow uniformity, reducing resistance pressure drop.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effect of the utility model is: based on the principle of evaporative heat transfer, during the evaporation process of the tube-side fluid of the shell-and-tube evaporator, through the "high and low dryness split heat transfer" evaporation, low The dryness flow maintains the heat exchange efficiency, and the high dryness flow strengthens the heat transfer, thereby improving the overall heat exchange efficiency of the evaporator; by splitting the high and low dryness fluids, and optimizing the number of heat exchange tubes for splitting the two dryness fluids, Improve the flow uniformity of the working fluid, reduce the resistance pressure drop on the side of the tube, and finally reduce the volume of the evaporator, saving consumables and energy.

In general, it has the characteristics of simple and reasonable structure, excellent performance, small size, good heat exchange effect, energy saving and environmental protection, low manufacturing cost, easy production, easy realization, safety and reliability, etc., and has strong practicability.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the first embodiment of the utility model.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first embodiment of the present invention with the shunt chamber arranged at the bottom.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the structure cut along line A-A in Fig. 2 .

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the structure taken along line B-B in Fig. 2 .

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first embodiment of the present invention with the shunt chamber arranged above.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the structure taken along line C-C in FIG. 5 .

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the structure taken along line D-D in FIG. 5 .

detailed description

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and embodiment the utility model is described further.

Referring to Fig. 1-Fig. 7, this shell-and-tube evaporator with double dryness splitter baffles includes a shell 13 and heads 14 arranged at both ends of the shell 13, and the shell 13 is provided with a shell-side inlet pipe 18 And the shell side outlet pipe 19, the head 14 is provided with a tube side inlet pipe 11 and a tube side outlet pipe 12, the tube side of the evaporator takes the evaporating fluid, and the shell side of the evaporator takes the hot fluid; the shell 13 and the head 14 A number of heat exchange tubes 15 , common baffles 16 and double-quality split baffles 17 are arranged therebetween, and the heat-exchange tubes 15 run through the common baffles 16 and the double-quality split baffles 17 .

Among them, the shell-side inlet pipe 18 is arranged on the upper part of the shell 13, and the shell-side outlet pipe 19 is arranged on the lower part of the shell 13; since the density of the gas phase in the evaporation process is much lower than that of the liquid phase, the shell-and-tube evaporator with multiple tube-side arrangements The tube-side inlet pipe 11 is arranged at the lower part of the head 14, and the tube-side outlet pipe 12 is arranged at the upper part of the head 14

Furthermore, the double dryness splitter baffle 17 is composed of a splitter chamber 21 and an extension plate 22 , and the splitter chamber 21 is composed of a phase separation chamber 23 , a low dryness chamber 24 and a high dryness chamber 25 .

Furthermore, the flow splitting chamber 21 is composed of a phase separation chamber 23 located at the front of the incoming flow direction of the shell side, and a low dryness chamber 24 and a high dryness chamber 25 located at the rear of the incoming flow direction of the shell side; wherein, the phase separation chamber 23 It is a wide cavity structure and is located in front of the low dryness cavity 24 and the high dryness cavity 25. The low dryness cavity 24 is located below the high dryness cavity 25; And 1-3 times of the wall thickness of the high-dryness chamber 25.

Further, the heat exchange tube 15 runs through the extension plate 22 of the ordinary baffle 16 and the double-density split baffle 17, wherein the heat-exchange tube 15 and the side wall of the split chamber 21 of the double-density split baffle 17 are connected to each other. fixed, and communicate with the phase-splitting chamber 23 of the double dryness splitter baffle 17, or the low dryness chamber 24 or the high dryness chamber 25.

Further speaking, a first chamber wall 26 and a second chamber wall 27 are respectively arranged between the phase separation chamber 23, the low dryness chamber 24, and the high dryness chamber 25; wherein, the low dryness chamber 24 is used for conducting and mixing Low dryness working medium, and several low dryness gaps 28 are arranged between the first cavity wall 26, the shape of the low dryness gaps 28 is round hole, square hole, rectangle or strip, and an opening is arranged below it. The lower louver grille 29; the high dryness chamber 25 is used to guide away and mix the high dryness working medium, and there are several high dryness gaps 213 between the second chamber wall 27, and the shape of the high dryness gap 213 is A round hole, a square hole, a rectangle or a strip, and an upper louver grille 210 opening downwards is arranged above it.

Further, the opening angles of the lower louver grille 29 and the upper louver grille 210 are 45°-90°.

Furthermore, an adjusting liquid volume tube 211 is also provided between the high dryness chamber 25 and the phase separation chamber 23, and the low dryness chamber 24 and the high dryness chamber 25 communicate with each other through the adjusting liquid volume tube 211, wherein the adjusting liquid volume The diameter of the tube 211 is greater than 3 mm, and one end of it extends into the high-quality chamber 25 , and the other end passes through the second chamber wall 27 and extends to the bottom of the phase separation chamber 23 .

Further, the tube diameter of the regulating liquid measuring tube (211) is 1/5-1/2 times of the tube diameter of the heat exchange tube 15; board 212.

Further, the extension plate 22 is a common baffle and is arranged at the upper end or the lower end of the diversion chamber 21; wherein, the total height of the extension plate 22 and the double dryness diversion baffle 17 is equal to the height of the common baffle 16 .

Specifically, FIG. 2 to FIG. 4 show a structure in which the distribution chamber 21 is disposed below and the extension plate 22 is disposed above the distribution chamber 21 . The extension plate 22 is installed on the end surface of the flow distribution chamber 21, and can be placed at any position between the two sides of the end surface. Preferably, in this embodiment, it is installed on the side end of the incoming flow direction of the shell side. In this way, it is possible to avoid the formation of extension plate 22 and the end surface of distribution chamber 21. Shaped side grooves to prevent the fluid on the shell side from The problem of stagnation in the tank and the formation of circulation to increase power consumption.

5 to 7 show a structure in which the flow distribution chamber 21 is arranged above and the extension plate 22 is arranged below the flow distribution chamber 21 . The arrangement method of each part of the structure is the same as that shown in Figure 2-Figure 4.

When the evaporator of the present invention is working, the whole shell-and-tube evaporator should have the tube-side inlet pipe 11 facing downwards and the tube-side outlet pipe 12 facing upwards, and be placed vertically or at a certain inclination.

The working principle of the shell-and-tube evaporator of the present invention is described in detail below: the evaporating liquid enters the evaporator from the tube side inlet 11, mixes and distributes in the head 14, and then enters the heat exchange tube 15 for heat exchange and evaporation; the liquid passes through a section of heat exchange After the heat exchange in the tube 15, it becomes a low-quality two-phase working medium, and then enters the phase-splitting chamber 23 of the flow-dividing chamber 21. Since the flow section of the phase-separating chamber 23 is wider and the cavity is designed to be thicker, the two-phase working medium The mass decelerates rapidly in the phase separation chamber 23, and is separated into gas and liquid phases under the action of gravity. Between the phase-splitting cavity 23, the low-quality cavity 24, and the high-quality cavity 25, there are circulation low-quality gaps 28 and high-quality gaps 213, and at the same time, in order to prevent the two-phase The working medium directly rushes out from the low dryness gap 28 and the high dryness gap 213, and the lower louver grille 29 with the opening upward and the upper louver partition with the downward opening are respectively arranged on the low dryness gap 28 and the high dryness gap 213. Grid 210. Since the low-dryness chamber 24 needs to introduce liquid working fluid, the lower louver grille 29 with the opening upward can prevent trapped gas; the high-dryness chamber 25 needs to introduce high-dryness working fluid, so the lower louver grille 29 with the opening downward is adopted. The upper louver grill 210 prevents stagnant liquid. The high-dryness chamber 25 needs to obtain a high-dryness working medium with part of the liquid. Therefore, an adjusting liquid measuring tube 211 is provided between the high-dryness chamber 25 and the phase-separation chamber 23, and the phase-separation chamber 23 and the high-dryness chamber 25 A certain amount of liquid at the bottom of the phase separation chamber 23 is transferred into the high dryness chamber 25 due to the pressure difference between them. A blind plate 212 is provided between the low dryness chamber 24 and the high dryness chamber 25 , and the number of subsequent heat exchange tubes 15 connected between the low dryness chamber 24 and the high dryness chamber 25 can be adjusted through the blind plate 212 . At this time, the heat exchange tubes 15 that are subsequently connected between the low dryness chamber 24 and the high dryness chamber 25 pass through the low dryness working fluid and the high dryness working medium that are almost pure liquid phase respectively. The substance undergoes a high-quality nucleate boiling process in the heat exchange tube 15, which is in the most efficient area of the evaporation heat transfer process, while the heat transfer of the low-quality working fluid has no obvious change. Therefore, the overall heat exchange efficiency of the shell-and-tube evaporator of the present utility model will be significantly improved through the flow diversion and enhanced heat exchange by several double-quality diversion baffles 17 .

The basic principles, main features and advantages of the present utility model have been shown and described above. Those skilled in the art should understand that the utility model is not limited by the above-mentioned embodiments. The above-mentioned embodiments and descriptions only illustrate the principle of the utility model. There will be various changes and improvements, and these changes and improvements all fall within the scope of the claimed utility model. The scope of protection required by the utility model is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims (10)

1. A shell-and-tube evaporator with double dryness splitter baffles, comprising a shell (13) and end caps (14) arranged at both ends of the shell (13), characterized in that: the shell (13) The shell side inlet pipe (18) and the shell side outlet pipe (19) are arranged on the top, the tube side inlet pipe (11) and the tube side outlet pipe (12) are arranged on the head (14), and the tube side of the evaporator is evaporated Fluid, the shell side of the evaporator takes heat fluid; a number of heat exchange tubes (15), ordinary baffles (16) and double dryness split baffles are also arranged between the shell (13) and the head (14) Plate (17), heat exchange tube (15) run through common baffle plate (16) and double dry degree split baffle plate (17). 2. The shell-and-tube evaporator with double dryness splitter baffles according to claim 1, characterized in that: the double dryness splitter baffles (17) are composed of a splitter chamber (21) and an extension plate (22 ), the splitting chamber (21) is composed of a phase separation chamber (23), a low dryness chamber (24) and a high dryness chamber (25). 3. The shell-and-tube evaporator with double dryness splitter baffles according to claim 2, characterized in that: the splitter chamber (21) consists of a phase-splitting cavity (23) located at the front of the incoming flow direction of the shell side It consists of a low dryness cavity (24) and a high dryness cavity (25) located at the rear of the incoming flow direction of the shell side; among them, the phase separation cavity (23) is a wide cavity structure and is located in the low dryness cavity (24) and the front of the high-dryness cavity (25), the low-dryness cavity (24) is positioned at the below of the high-dryness cavity (25); 1-3 times of the wall thickness of the cavity (25). 4. The shell-and-tube evaporator with double dryness splitter baffle according to claim 3, characterized in that: the heat exchange tube (15) runs through the common baffle (16) and the double dryness splitter baffle The extension plate (22) of the plate (17), wherein the heat exchange tube (15) and the side wall of the split chamber (21) of the double dryness split baffle (17) are fixed to each other, and the double dry split baffle The phase-splitting chamber (23), or the low-dryness chamber (24) or the high-dryness chamber (25) of (17) communicate with each other. 5. The shell-and-tube evaporator with double dryness splitter baffles according to claim 4, characterized in that: the phase separation chamber (23) is connected with the low dryness chamber (24), the high dryness chamber (25 ) are respectively provided with a first cavity wall (26) and a second cavity wall (27); wherein, the low dryness cavity (24) is used to guide and mix low dryness working fluid, and is connected with the first cavity wall ( 26) are provided with several low-dryness gaps (28), the shape of the low-dryness gaps (28) is a round hole, a square hole, a rectangle or a strip, and a lower louver grille (29) with an upward opening is arranged below it. ); the high-dryness cavity (25) is used to lead away and mix the high-dryness working medium, and is provided with several high-dryness gaps (213) between the second cavity wall (27), and the high-dryness gap (213) The shape is a round hole, a square hole, a rectangle or a strip, and an upper louver grille (210) with an opening downward is arranged above it. 6. The shell-and-tube evaporator with double dryness splitter baffles according to claim 5, characterized in that: the opening angle of the lower louver grille (29) and the upper louver grille (210) is 45° -90°. 7. The shell-and-tube evaporator with double dryness splitter baffles according to claim 6, characterized in that: a regulating liquid is also arranged between the high dryness chamber (25) and the phase separation chamber (23) The measuring tube (211), the low-dryness cavity (24) and the high-dryness cavity (25) communicate with each other through the adjusting liquid measuring tube (211), wherein the pipe diameter of the adjusting liquid measuring tube (211) is greater than 3mm, and one end It extends into the high dryness chamber (25), and the other end passes through the second chamber wall (27) and extends to the bottom of the phase separation chamber (23). 8. The shell-and-tube evaporator with double dryness splitter baffles according to claim 7, characterized in that: the tube diameter of the regulating liquid measuring tube (211) is 1 of the tube diameter of the heat exchange tube (15) /5-1/2 times; a blind plate (212) is arranged between the low dryness chamber (24) and the high dryness chamber (25). 9. The shell-and-tube evaporator with double dryness splitter baffles according to claim 8, characterized in that: the extension plate (22) is a common baffle piece, and is arranged in the side of the splitter chamber (21). The upper end or the lower end; wherein, the total height of the extension plate (22) and the double dryness split baffle (17) is equal to the height of the common baffle (16). 10. The shell-and-tube evaporator with double dryness splitter baffles according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that: the shell-side inlet pipe (18) is arranged on the upper part of the shell (13) , the shell-side outlet pipe (19) is arranged at the bottom of the shell (13); the tube-side inlet pipe (11) is arranged at the bottom of the head (14), and the tube-side outlet pipe (12) is arranged at the bottom of the head (14) upper part.