CN206794961U - A kind of die cavity electrolytic machining device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a cavity electrolytic processing device. The sealing cover of the outer cover is arranged on the workpiece, the electrolyte flows in from the top of the outer cover, flows through the rough machining hole on the workpiece and flows out from the outlet at the bottom of the outer cover; the upper insulating block and sheet The cathode sheets in the shape of the cathode sheet are fixed with each other, and the electrolyte flows between the cathode sheet and the workpiece to etch the workpiece. The feeding device is fixedly connected to the upper insulating block, and the feeding device drives the upper insulating block and the sheet-like cathode sheet to move along the axial direction to the rough machining hole on the workpiece to etch the cavity hole. Due to the adoption of the sheet-shaped cathode processing method, the bottom surface of the cathode sheet is in contact with the workpiece to etch the cavity. As the processing progresses, the impact of the side of the cathode sheet on the workpiece is negligible. In addition, because the top of the cathode sheet is the upper insulating block, it will not react with the workpiece, only the sheet-shaped cathode sheet will react, no matter where the cathode sheet is processed, the flow field will always remain stable.

Description

A cavity electrolytic machining device

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of mechanical processing, and further relates to a cavity electrolytic processing device.

Background technique

In recent years, mechanical processing has developed in the direction of complexity and difficulty. The precision requirements of parts are high and the hardness of materials is high. For the cavities of some integral components, the processing accessibility of the surface is very poor, and there are many thin-walled components. , it is easily deformed by conventional machining methods. Electrochemical machining is not limited by the mechanical properties of the processing material itself, and can be used to process parts with complex shapes; and the processing efficiency is high, the surface quality of the workpiece is good, and a lower surface roughness value can be obtained. In the electrolysis process, the cathode has no loss in theory and can be used for a long time. Therefore, the combination of numerical control technology and electrolytic machining technology can avoid the occurrence of machining deformation.

During the electrolytic machining process, the flow field of the electrolyte is directly related to the accuracy of the electrolytic machining, the quality of the surface, and even determines whether the electrolytic machining can be carried out stably. Reasonable flow field design is the basis for the smooth progress of electrolytic machining.

The flow form of the electrolyte refers to the geometric description of the flow path and flow direction of the electrolyte flowing to the processing gap, flowing through and out of the processing gap. According to the different flow forms of electrolyte, electrolytic machining is divided into lateral flow and forward flow, and radial flow is divided into two types: forward flow and reverse flow. Therefore, the flow form of electrolyte can be divided into side flow and forward flow. There are three kinds of type and reverse flow type.

As shown in Fig. 1A to Fig. 1C, they respectively represent the principle diagrams of three kinds of electrolytic machining of side flow type, forward flow type and reverse flow type, in which 01 is the cathode of the tool, 02 is the anode of the workpiece, and the arrows indicate the flow direction of the electrolyte. The side-flow electrolyte flows from one side of the tool cathode to the other side to etch the anode of the workpiece. The cross-sectional area of the flow channel in the side-flow processing gap remains basically unchanged along the flow direction of the electrolyte, which is suitable for blade processing , if it is used to process the cavity, the electrolyte is easy to flow out of the processing area from the gap on the side. As the processing concentration increases, this trend increases, resulting in insufficient electrolyte in the processing gap on the bottom surface, and short circuits are prone to occur; and the side flow type Fixture design is complex. The positive flow electrolyte flows downward from the tool cathode through the middle, and diffuses to the surrounding through the gap with the workpiece anode. The design and manufacture of the positive flow fixture is simple, but the machining accuracy is low. The flow direction of the reverse flow electrolyte is opposite to that of the positive flow electrolyte. The electrolysis flows upward from the gap between the tool cathode and the workpiece anode, and flows out from the channel in the middle of the tool cathode. The reverse flow type is used to process the cavity, although the flow The controllability of the field distribution is good, but the design and manufacture of the fixture is complicated, which is not suitable for the rough machining of the cavity.

Therefore, how to design an electrolytic machining device for fine machining a rough-machined cavity is a technical problem to be solved at present.

Utility model content

The utility model provides a cavity electrolytic processing device, which can finely process the rough-processed cavity, and the flow field of the electrolyte is always consistent during the processing process. The specific scheme is as follows:

A cavity electrolytic machining device, comprising:

The sealing cover is arranged on the outer cover on the workpiece, and the electrolyte flows in from the top of the outer cover, flows through the rough machining hole on the workpiece, and flows out from the outlet at the bottom of the outer cover;

The upper insulating block and the sheet-shaped cathode sheet are fixed in cooperation with each other;

A feeding device fixedly connected to the upper insulating block, the feeding device drives the upper insulating block and the sheet-shaped cathode sheet to move toward the rough machining hole on the workpiece.

Optionally, it also includes a lower insulating block fixedly arranged in cooperation with the upper insulating block, the cathode sheet is sandwiched between the upper insulating block and the lower insulating block; the upper insulating block and the cathode The outer dimensions of the sheets are the same, and the lower insulating block has the same outer shape as the cathode sheet, and the size is smaller than that of the cathode sheet.

Optionally, the outer cover includes an upper case and a lower case, the upper case is a case with a through bottom, and a liquid inlet for the electrolyte to enter is opened on the top, and the lower case is plate-shaped. A liquid outlet for the electrolyte to flow out is opened on the lower case.

Optionally, the feeding device includes a connecting column threadedly connected with the upper insulating block, and the connecting column is driven to move vertically by the power device at the top; The through hole of the connecting column.

Optionally, the connecting post is threadedly connected to the upper insulating block and the lower insulating block, and the connecting post can conduct electricity and is in contact with the cathode sheet.

Optionally, the upper surface of the lower casing is provided with a support block for supporting the workpiece.

Optionally, it also includes fixing bolts connecting the upper insulating block and the lower insulating block, and the fixing bolts are arranged on both sides of the connecting column.

The utility model provides a cavity electrolytic processing device, which comprises structures such as an outer cover, an upper insulating block, a cathode sheet, and a feeding device; The top flows in, flows through the rough machining hole on the workpiece, and flows out from the outlet at the bottom of the housing; the upper insulating block and the sheet-shaped cathode sheet are fixed together, and the shape of the cathode sheet is the same as the shape of the through hole to be processed, and the electrolyte flows through the cathode Etching is performed on the workpiece between the sheet and the workpiece. The feeding device is fixedly connected to the upper insulating block, and the feeding device drives the upper insulating block and the sheet-shaped cathode sheet to move along the axial direction to the rough machining hole on the workpiece to etch the cavity hole.

Due to the adoption of the sheet-shaped cathode processing method, the bottom surface of the cathode sheet is in contact with the workpiece, and the cavity is etched out. As the processing progresses, the influence of the side of the cathode sheet on the workpiece is negligible. Compared with the traditional processing method , The side of the cathode will not interfere with the processing, and the rough cavity can be finely processed. In addition, because the top of the cathode sheet is the upper insulating block, it will not react with the workpiece, only the sheet-shaped cathode sheet reacts, so no matter where the cathode sheet is processed, the flow field remains stable.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description These are only some embodiments of the utility model, and those skilled in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative work.

FIG. 1A is a schematic diagram of side flow electrolytic machining;

FIG. 1B is a schematic diagram of positive flow electrolytic machining;

FIG. 1C is a schematic diagram of reverse flow electrolytic machining;

Figure 2A is an exploded view of the cavity electrolytic machining device provided by the utility model;

Fig. 2B is the overall structure diagram of the cavity electrolytic machining device provided by the utility model;

Fig. 3A is a schematic diagram of the electrolyte flow field state of the cavity electrolytic machining device of the present application at the beginning of machining;

Figure 3B is a schematic diagram of the state of the electrolyte flow field during the machining process of the cavity electrolytic machining device of the present application;

Fig. 4 is a longitudinal sectional structure diagram of the cavity electrolytic machining device of the present application.

These include:

Outer cover 1, upper casing 11, lower casing 12, liquid inlet 13, liquid outlet 14, support block 15, workpiece 2, feeding device 3, upper insulating block 4, lower insulating block 5, cathode sheet 6, Fix the bolt 7.

detailed description

The core of the utility model is to provide a mold cavity electrolytic machining device, which can finely process the rough machined mold cavity, and the flow field of the electrolytic solution is always consistent during the machining process.

In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the cavity electrolytic machining device of the present application will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific implementation methods.

As shown in FIG. 2A and FIG. 2B , they are respectively an exploded diagram and an assembled overall structure diagram of the cavity electrolytic machining device provided by the utility model. The device includes structures such as an outer cover 1, an upper insulating block 4, a cathode sheet 6, and a feeding device 3, wherein the sealing cover of the outer cover 1 is set on the workpiece 2 to limit and guide the electrolyte, and provide a flow channel for the electrolyte , to prevent the electrolyte from flowing freely, the electrolyte flows in from the top of the outer cover 1, flows through the rough machining hole on the workpiece 2, and then flows out from the outlet at the bottom of the outer cover 1; the cathode sheet 6 is arranged in the outer cover 1, and the cathode sheet 6 and the upper layer The insulating blocks 4 are fixedly matched with each other, and the cathode sheet 6 is located on the lower surface of the upper insulating block 4. During processing, the cathode sheet 6 is close to the workpiece 2, and the electrolyte flows through the gap between the cathode sheet 6 and the workpiece 2. The cathode sheet 6 Connect the negative pole of the power supply, and the electrolytic reaction will occur with the processed workpiece 2 when the electrolyte flows through, and the excess part of the processed workpiece 2 will be electrolyzed, and the movement direction of the cathode sheet 6 is perpendicular to the plate surface, so the etched cavity cross section is the same as the cathode The shapes of the sheets 6 are the same; the shape of the cathode sheet 6 is manufactured according to the shape of the cavity to be processed.

The feeding device 3 is fixedly connected to the upper insulating block 4 and drives the upper insulating block 4 to move. Feed device 3 drives upper layer insulation block 4 and sheet-shaped cathode sheet 6 to move downward synchronously during work, and the direction of motion is the same as the axial direction of the rough machining hole on the workpiece 2. Of course, cathode sheet 6 can be made to work if necessary. movement on a specific path.

In the traditional processing method, the cathode is columnar. In addition to the electrolysis on the bottom surface, the side wall of the cathode column will also interact with the side wall of the processed cavity, thereby affecting the accuracy of the cavity; the columnar cathode increases with the depth of the cavity. It will change the flow field state of the electrolyte and affect the machining accuracy. The cathode sheet 6 provided by the present application is in the shape of a thin sheet, and the bottom surface contacts the workpiece 2 during processing to undergo electrolysis, and the cavity is etched out. With the deepening of the processing cavity, the influence of the cathode sheet 6 on the processed part Negligible; and the processed part of the cavity is close to the upper insulating sheet 4, so the electrolytic reaction will not occur.

As shown in FIG. 3A and FIG. 3B , they are schematic diagrams of the state of the electrolyte flow field of the cavity electrolytic machining device of the present application at the start of machining and during machining, respectively. The electrolyte flows from top to bottom, and the top of the cathode sheet is the upper insulating block, which does not react with the workpiece, but only reacts with the sheet-shaped cathode sheet. Therefore, no matter where the cathode sheet is processed, the flow field is always stable. The processed cavity is finely processed.

As shown in Figure 4, it is a longitudinal section structure diagram of the cavity electrolytic machining device of the present application. The cavity electrolytic processing device of the present application also includes a lower insulating block 5 fixedly arranged in cooperation with the upper insulating block 4, and the cathode sheet 6 is clamped on the Between the upper insulating block 4 and the lower insulating block 5 . The upper insulating block 4 and the cathode sheet 6 have the same shape and size, and support the cathode sheet 6 to avoid the deformation of the cathode sheet 6 during the downward movement. The lower insulating block 5 has the same shape as the cathode sheet 6 and is smaller in size than the cathode sheet 6 , the edge of the cathode sheet 6 is exposed to participate in the electrolytic reaction. The size of the lower insulating block 5 should be slightly smaller than the size of the rough-machined hole, so that the edge of the lower surface of the cathode sheet contacts the edge of the rough-machined hole on the workpiece 2 .

Preferably, the outer cover 1 in the present application includes an upper casing 11 and a lower casing 12. The upper casing 11 is a casing structure with a bottom through, and a hollow cavity is surrounded by the side and the top surface. The bottom and the lower casing 12 cooperate with snap-in seal. A liquid inlet 13 is provided on the top of the upper housing 11. Two liquid inlets 13 are set in the drawings for the electrolyte to enter the space inside the upper housing 11. The lower housing 12 is plate-shaped. On the lower housing 12 A liquid outlet 14 is provided for the electrolyte to flow out. In order to prevent the electrolyte from flowing around, the structure shown in the accompanying drawings is that the inner wall of the upper housing 11 is in contact with the workpiece 2 to be sealed, and the electrolyte can only flow downward from the rough machining hole. Of course, if the volume of the workpiece is large, Or if the shape is relatively complicated, the upper casing 11 and the lower casing 12 can be respectively closely attached to the upper and lower surfaces of the workpiece to be sealed. The shapes of the upper shell 11 and the lower shell 12 are matched with the shape of the workpiece to ensure the sealing connection with the workpiece.

The feeding device 3 includes a connecting post that is threadedly connected with the upper insulating block 4. The bottom end of the connecting post is provided with an external thread that can be inserted into the threaded hole provided by the upper insulating block 4. A power device is arranged on the top of the connecting post. The belt moves vertically, and the power unit is not shown in the accompanying drawings. In the center of the top surface of the upper casing 11 is provided a through hole for extending into the connecting column, and the power device is located outside the upper casing 11 .

Furthermore, the connecting posts are screwed to connect the upper insulating block 4 and the lower insulating block 5, that is to say, the threads on the upper insulating block 4 are also provided through, and threaded holes are also provided at corresponding positions on the lower insulating block 5 and the cathode sheet 6. , the studs at the bottom of the connecting column pass through the upper insulating block 4, the cathode sheet 6 and the lower insulating block 5 in turn, and connect the three at the same time; the connecting column is made of conductive material, and the cathode sheet 6 is connected to the cathode of the power supply through the connecting column.

In order to facilitate the flow of the electrolyte, a support block 15 for supporting the workpiece 2 is provided on the upper surface of the lower housing 12. The support block 15 is in the shape of a strip and is respectively located on both sides of the rough machining hole to support the workpiece 2 so that A certain gap is formed between the workpiece 2 and the lower casing 12 below to avoid interference with the movement of the cathode sheet 6 and the lower insulating block 5 . The liquid outlet 14 is positioned directly below the rough machining hole, and the liquid that flows down can be directly discharged downwards.

The utility model also includes fixing bolts 7 connecting the upper insulating block 4 and the lower insulating block 5, the fixing bolts 7 are arranged on both sides of the connecting column, and the upper insulating block 4 and the lower insulating block 5 are fixedly connected, through the fixing bolt 7 and the connection With the joint effect of the columns, the upper insulating block 4 and the lower insulating block 5 are more closely connected and fixed.

The above description of the disclosed embodiments enables those skilled in the art to realize or use the utility model. Various modifications to these embodiments will be obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein can be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present utility model . Therefore, the present invention will not be limited to these embodiments shown herein, but will conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims (7)

1. A cavity electrolytic machining device, characterized in that, comprising: The sealing cover is arranged on the outer cover (1) on the workpiece (2), the electrolyte flows in from the top of the outer cover (1), flows through the rough machining hole on the workpiece (2) and flows from the outer cover (1) Outflow from the outlet at the bottom; The upper layer insulating block (4) and the sheet-shaped cathode sheet (6) that cooperate with each other are fixed; The feeding device (3) fixedly connected to the upper insulating block (4), the feeding device (3) drives the upper insulating block (4) and the sheet-shaped cathode sheet (6) to the Movement of the rough machining hole on the machined workpiece (2). 2. The cavity electrolytic machining device according to claim 1, characterized in that, it also includes a lower insulating block (5) cooperating and fixedly arranged with the upper insulating block (4), and the cathode piece (6) is sandwiched between the upper insulating block (4) and the lower insulating block (5); the upper insulating block (4) has the same dimensions as the cathode sheet (6), and the lower insulating block (5) The shape is the same as that of the cathode sheet (6), and the size is smaller than that of the cathode sheet (6). 3. The cavity electrolytic machining device according to claim 2, characterized in that, the outer cover (1) comprises an upper casing (11) and a lower casing (12), and the upper casing (11) is a bottom The through casing has a liquid inlet (13) on the top for the electrolyte to enter, and the lower casing (12) is plate-shaped, and an outlet for the electrolyte to flow out is opened on the lower casing (12). Fluid port (14). 4. The die cavity electrolytic machining device according to claim 3, characterized in that, the feeding device (3) includes a connecting column threadedly connected with the upper insulating block (4), and the connecting column passes through the top The power device drives the vertical movement; the center of the top surface of the upper casing (11) is provided with a through hole for extending into the connecting column. 5. The cavity electrolytic machining device according to claim 4, characterized in that, the connecting column is threadedly connected to the upper insulating block (4) and the lower insulating block (5), and the connecting column can conduct electricity, And in contact with the cathode sheet. 6. The cavity electrolytic machining device according to claim 5, characterized in that, the upper surface of the lower casing (12) is provided with a support block (15) for supporting the workpiece (2). 7. The cavity electrolytic machining device according to claim 6, characterized in that, it also comprises a fixing bolt (7) connecting the upper insulating block (4) and the lower insulating block (5), the fixing bolt (7) Set on both sides of the connecting column.