CN206760034U - Pneumatic flexible press-down type seedling picking mechanism - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a pneumatic flexible downward pressure seedling picking mechanism, which comprises a cylinder, a trapezoidal seedling picking head, a flexible seedling avoiding cloth, a J-shaped guide rail and a mounting frame; the front end of the mounting frame is provided with a round hole I, and the rear end is provided with a long Slotted hole, one side of the mounting frame is provided with a bending flange; the piston rod of the cylinder can slide within a certain stroke range in the cylinder barrel, and the cylinder barrel is fixed on the round hole Ⅰ at the front end of the mounting frame, and the piston top The lower end of the rod is provided with a section of external thread; there is a round hole II above the J-shaped guide rail, and the lower part of the J-shaped guide rail forms a hook groove, and the J-shaped guide rail is connected to the bottom of the rear end of the mounting frame through the round hole II; There is a round hole III, the lower end is a right-angled trapezoidal metal frame, and a rectangular long tail is connected behind the upper end; the trapezoidal seedling picking head is installed at the lower end of the piston rod through the round hole III, and the rectangular long tail is placed in the hook groove; flexible seedling avoidance The cloth is mounted on a right-angled trapezoidal metal frame. The seedling picking mechanism is small in size and simple in structure, and can greatly improve the seedling picking efficiency.

Description

Pneumatic flexible downward pressure seedling picking mechanism

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of agricultural mechanized transplanting, and in particular relates to a pneumatic flexible pressing-down seedling picking mechanism.

Background technique

Seedling transplanting is an extremely important part of vegetable production and planting. Compared with direct sowing and planting of vegetables, it has many advantages. Planting vegetables by raising seedlings and transplanting can prolong the growth period of crops, increase their multiple cropping index, alleviate the contradiction of insufficient accumulated temperature, and increase vegetable yield. The use of vegetable transplanting can also establish the early growth advantage of vegetables to weeds when transplanting, which is conducive to inhibiting the growth of weeds and improving the use efficiency of water and fertilizer in the field. Vegetable transplanting can also avoid the lack of seedlings caused by the low germination rate faced by live vegetable broadcasting.

At present, the common seedling picking mechanisms of automatic transplanting machines on the market mainly include the clamping and pulling out type, the ejecting type from the bottom hole of the tray, the ejecting and clamping combined type, and the air suction type. The most common clamping and pulling-out type seedling-taking mechanism requires good seedling-picking and seedling-throwing tracks, so it usually needs complex mechanical structures such as multi-rod mechanisms or special gear sets to realize; The method is limited by the size of the hole at the bottom of the tray, and the area of the ejector rod for taking seedlings is small, which is easy to cause damage to the seedling matrix, and the ejected seedlings need to rely on the resistance of the air to the stems and leaves of the seedlings to complete the attitude adjustment, so that they fall vertically, which often requires The high seedling throwing height also causes the characteristics of being easily affected by wind speed, and it is difficult to guarantee the distance between plants and the uprightness; The structure is more complicated and the price is higher; the air-suction seedling picking mechanism needs a high-power fan to provide negative pressure, which requires the mechanism to have good air tightness and processing accuracy, and has not been widely used. In addition, most of the common seedling-picking mechanisms on the market need to be equipped with a horizontal box-moving mechanism to complete the line change, resulting in high-speed transplanting, large line-changing inertial force and large vibration, reducing the service life and reliability of parts, and directly restricting the efficiency of seedling picking. Further improve.

Utility model content

In order to solve the above problems, the utility model proposes a pneumatic flexible push-down seedling picking mechanism.

For achieving above object, the technical scheme that the utility model takes is:

Pneumatic flexible push-down seedling picking mechanism, including cylinder, trapezoidal seedling picking head, flexible seedling avoiding cloth, J-shaped guide rail and mounting frame;

The front end of the mounting frame is provided with a round hole I for installing the cylinder, the rear end is provided with a long slotted hole, and one side of the mounting frame is provided with a bending flange;

The cylinder includes a cylinder barrel and a piston push rod. The piston push rod can slide within a certain stroke range in the cylinder barrel. The cylinder barrel is fixed on the round hole I at the front end of the mounting bracket by bolts. The piston top The lower end of the rod is provided with a section of external thread;

The cross-section of the J-shaped guide rail is in the shape of the English letter "J". There is a round hole II above the J-shaped guide rail, and the lower part of the J-shaped guide rail forms a hook groove. under the rear end;

The upper end of the trapezoidal seedling-taking top is provided with a round hole III, and the lower end is a right-angled trapezoidal metal frame, and a rectangular long tail is connected behind the upper end of the trapezoidal seedling-taking top; The lower end of the piston push rod, the rectangular long tail of the trapezoidal seedling top is placed in the hook groove of the J-shaped guide rail;

The flexible seedling avoidance cloth is installed on a right-angled trapezoidal metal frame.

On the basis of the above solution, the mounting frame is connected with the frame of the transplanting machine through the slotted hole.

On the basis of the above scheme, the cylinder is a single-acting spring reset miniature cylinder, the cylinder barrel of the cylinder is cylindrical, the tail of the cylinder barrel is upward, the piston push rod is downward, and the tail of the cylinder barrel is provided with an air pipe interface. It is connected with the air compressor through the air guide pipe, and the solenoid valve is installed in the air guide pipe. The solenoid valve is a two-position three-way valve with an exhaust hole. The solenoid valve controls the action frequency and sequence of the cylinder through a sequence control system. Thereby, the action timing of the pneumatic flexible pressing-down type seedling picking mechanism is controlled; a return spring is also arranged in the cylinder barrel, and the return spring is positioned between the cylinder barrel and the piston push rod.

On the basis of the above scheme, the width of the hook groove of the J-shaped guide rail can accommodate the rectangular long tail of the trapezoidal seedling picking head, and the length of the hook groove is greater than the working stroke of the cylinder.

On the basis of the above scheme, the hook groove of the J-shaped guide rail is used to limit the rectangular long tail of the top of the trapezoidal seedling collection to only move up and down but not to rotate and swing.

On the basis of the above scheme, the trapezoidal seedling-taking plug is installed on the lower end of the piston push rod through two bolts.

On the basis of the above solution, the right-angled trapezoidal metal frame is a frame with a narrow front and a wide rear without hypotenuses.

On the basis of the above scheme, the shape of the flexible seedling avoiding cloth is the same as that of the rectangular trapezoidal metal frame, the size of the flexible seedling avoiding cloth is the same as that of the rectangular trapezoidal metal frame, and its material can be flexible materials such as elastic cloth.

On the basis of the above scheme, the flexible seedling avoiding cloth can be installed on the right-angled trapezoidal metal frame at the lower end of the trapezoidal seedling collection head through gluing, sewing and other connection methods.

On the basis of the above scheme, the pneumatic flexible press-down seedling picking mechanism needs to be used in conjunction with the regular quadrangular truss-shaped combined hole tray.

Beneficial effects: the seedling picking mechanism is small in size, simple in structure, and low in cost. It can be used in conjunction with a regular quadrangular truss-shaped combined hole tray whose holes are small at the top and large at the bottom, which can greatly improve the efficiency of seedling picking. Each seedling picking mechanism corresponds to the hole tray For a row of seedlings, multiple seedling picking mechanisms are used in conjunction with the pneumatic timing control system, which can save the horizontal box moving mechanism and complete rapid seedling picking. The speed of picking seedlings can reach 90-270 plants/min The seedling picking mechanism is more than 2 times faster), and the damage to the seedlings is small, and it can be used on a fully automatic transplanting machine to achieve high-speed and efficient seedling picking.

Description of drawings

The utility model has following drawings:

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of the utility model.

Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the installation frame.

Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the cylinder structure.

Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the J-shaped guide rail structure.

Fig. 5 Schematic diagram of trapezoidal top structure for seedling collection.

Fig. 6 Schematic diagram of the regular quadrangular truss-shaped combined hole tray structure.

Fig. 7 Schematic diagram of the working condition of the pneumatic flexible downward pressure seedling picking mechanism.

Fig. 8 The top view of the continuous working principle of the pneumatic flexible downward pressure seedling picking mechanism.

Fig. 9 Schematic diagram of the deformation of the flexible seedling avoiding cloth when it encounters the seedlings.

Reference signs: 1. Cylinder barrel 2. Piston push rod 3. Trapezoidal seedling picking head 4. Flexible seedling avoiding cloth 5. J-shaped guide rail 6. Mounting frame 7. Round hole Ⅰ 8. Long slotted hole 9. Bending Flange 10. Air pipe interface 11. Return spring 12. Round hole Ⅱ 13. Hook groove 14. Round hole Ⅲ 15. Right angle trapezoidal metal frame 16. Rectangular long tail 17. Cave plate main body 18. Bottom plate 19. Seedling 20. Cave hole Wall 21. Hole 22. Seedling stalk 23. Target seedling

detailed description

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1-9 the utility model is described in further detail.

The pneumatic flexible press-down type seedling picking mechanism described in the utility model includes a cylinder, a trapezoidal seedling picking head 3, a flexible seedling avoiding cloth 4, a J-shaped guide rail 5 and a mounting frame 6;

When the pneumatic flexible down-pressing seedling picking mechanism is installed on the transplanting machine, an air compressor is required to provide compressed air as the power source for the cylinder action. A solenoid valve (the solenoid valve is a two-position three-way valve with an air vent) is installed in the air circuit to control the action timing of the seedling picking mechanism. The pneumatic flexible downward pressure seedling picking mechanism can flexibly arrange the number and relative positions of the seedling picking mechanisms according to the specifications of the plug trays, so that each seedling picking mechanism corresponds to a row of seedlings in the plug trays. The electromagnetic valve controlling the action of the seedling-taking mechanism can control the action frequency and sequence of the cylinder with a sequence control system, so that the seedling-taking rate matches the seedling-supplying rate.

The front end of described installation frame 6 has the circular hole I7 that is used to install cylinder, and the rear end has the elongated groove shape hole 8 that can be connected with transplanting machine frame, and installation frame 6 side has bending flange 9 (as shown in Figure 2 Show). The installation frame 6 can be installed on the frame of the transplanting machine through the long slotted hole 8, and its installation height is required to make the pneumatic flexible downward pressure type seedling picking mechanism trapezoidal when the piston push rod 2 is not pushed out. The surface has sufficient height to prevent the plug from interfering with the trapezoidal seedling-taking head 3, and when the piston push rod 2 is pushed out, the target seedling 23 can be smoothly pushed out from the hole 21 to complete the seedling-taking.

Both the cylinder barrel 1 and the piston ejector rod 2 are part of a common miniature cylinder on the market. The piston ejector rod 2 can slide within a certain stroke range in the cylinder barrel 1. There is a cylinder at the end of the cylinder barrel. The trachea interface 10 can be connected with the air guide tube through the trachea interface 10, and there is also a return spring 11 in the cylinder barrel, which is located between the cylinder barrel and the piston push rod (as shown in Figure 3). The used cylinder of the pneumatic flexible press-down type seedling-getting mechanism is a single-acting cylinder, and the air valve opens the piston push rod 2 to release, and the air valve closes, then the piston push rod 2 is retracted by the effect of the cylinder internal back-moving spring 11, and resets. The cylinder barrel 1 can be fixed on the round hole I7 at the front end of the mounting frame 6 by bolts, the tail of the cylinder barrel 1 is upward, the piston push rod 2 is downward, and the lower end of the piston push rod 2 has a section of external thread.

The cross-section of the J-shaped guide rail 5 is in the shape of the English letter "J", with a round hole II 12 on the top, and the width of the hook groove 13 formed at the bottom can accommodate the rectangular long tail 16 of the trapezoidal seedling top 3, and the length of the hook groove 13 is greater than the above-mentioned The working stroke of the cylinder (as shown in Figure 4). The J-shaped guide rail 5 is connected below the rear end of the installation frame 6 through the upper round hole II12.

Described trapezoid gets seedling top 3 tops to have a circular hole III 14, and the lower end is a right angle trapezoidal metal frame 15 (no hypotenuse), and trapezoid gets a rectangular long tail 16 (as shown in Figure 5) in the rear of the top of seedlings top 3. The trapezoidal trapezoidal metal frame 15 of described trapezoidal getting seedling top 3 lower ends is less than the size of hole 21 of plug hole used in conjunction with it, and the trapezoidal trapezoidal metal frame 15 of right angle is front narrow rear wide shape. The trapezoidal seedling-taking plug 3 is installed on the lower end of the piston push rod 2 by two bolts, and the rectangular long tail 16 of the trapezoidal seedling-taking plug 3 is placed in the hook groove 13 of the J-shaped guide rail 5 .

Described flexible seedling avoidance cloth 4 is right-angled trapezoid, and its size is identical with the right-angled trapezoidal metal frame 15 size of trapezoidal getting seedling top 3 lower ends, and its material can be flexible materials such as elastic cloth. The flexible seedling avoiding cloth 4 can be installed on the right-angled trapezoidal metal frame 15 at the lower end of the trapezoidal seedling picking head 3 by gluing, sewing and other connection methods.

The pneumatic flexible downward-pressing seedling picking mechanism needs to be used in conjunction with the square-shaped combined hole tray. The square-shaped combined hole tray is a seedling tray with a detachable bottom plate. After the bottom plate 18 is pulled away, the hole 21 is connected up and down. transparent, and the hole 21 is in the shape of a regular quadrangular prism with a small top and a big bottom, as shown in Figure 6.

The schematic diagram of the working situation of the pneumatic flexible downward pressure type seedling picking mechanism is shown in Figure 7.

The working process of the pneumatic flexible downward pressure seedling picking mechanism is as follows:

1) Adopting the regular quadrangular truss-shaped combined hole tray to raise seedlings according to conventional seedling raising methods;

2) When transplanting, the bottom plate 18 of the square truss-shaped combined hole tray is pulled away, and the seedling 19 remains in the hole 21 under the action of the bonding force between the seedling matrix and the hole wall 20;

3) The seedlings in the plug tray are transported forward by the seedling feeding mechanism. Since the vegetable seeds are usually small, situations such as bouncing and moving are prone to occur during sowing, so it is difficult to ensure that the seedlings are all grown in the central position of the hole 21. The rice shoot that grows on hole 21 one side can be bent by flexible avoiding seedling cloth 4 when getting seedling, but can not be broken off.

The specific process of taking seedlings is: when the main body 17 of the tray is sent to the right below the pneumatic flexible press-type seedling taking mechanism by the seedling feeding mechanism, the electromagnetic valve controlling the action of the cylinder is opened, compressed air enters the cylinder, and the piston push rod 2 is driven to push out, and the trapezoidal taking The seedling top 3 then moves downwards and acts on the upper surface of the seedling matrix of the plug tray, pushing the matrix and the seedlings out of the hole 21, and the seedlings 19 fall into the seedling guide tube or other planting mechanisms in a vertical posture under the action of gravity To plant. The solenoid valve is powered off after a certain power-on time, and the air guide pipe of the cylinder is connected to the air pipe interface 10. Under the action of the return spring 11 inside the cylinder, the piston push rod 2 moves upward to discharge the air in the cylinder to complete the reset. The seedling feeding mechanism transports the next plug seedling to the bottom of the pneumatic flexible pressing seedling picking mechanism, and the pneumatic flexible pressing seedling picking mechanism will repeat the above seedling picking action to realize continuous seedling picking. The top view of the continuous operation of the seedling picking mechanism is shown in Figure 8 (the arrow represents the direction of movement of the plug).

Introduction of the principle of flexible seedling avoiding cloth 4 automatic avoiding seedlings:

Flexible seedling-avoiding cloth 4 is made of elastic material, and its shape is identical with the right-angled trapezoidal metal frame 15 of trapezoidal getting seedling top 3 lower ends, is a right-angled trapezoid, and flexible seedling-avoiding cloth 4 is covered in trapezoidal getting seedling top 3 lower ends. On the right-angled trapezoidal metal frame 15. When taking seedlings, the trapezoidal seedling-taking top 3 acts on the upper surface of the seedling matrix. Since the action area is a right-angled trapezoidal shape with a certain area, the pressure of the trapezoidal seedling-taking top 3 acting on the substrate surface is greatly reduced, preventing trapezoidal seedling picking. Head 3 causes damage to the matrix. Because the right-angled trapezoidal metal frame 15 hypotenuses of the trapezoidal seedling-getting top 3 has no support, so the growth position is positioned at the hole 21 when the rice shoot stalk 22 on one side of the seedling-getting mechanism touches the flexible seedling-avoiding cloth 4, the flexible seedling-avoiding cloth 4 will Deformation occurs to prevent the seedling stem 22 from being directly bent or even broken, as shown in Figure 9 (the arrow represents the direction of movement of the plug). Here it is the automatic principle of avoiding seedlings of flexible seedling avoiding cloth 4.

The guiding principle of the J-shaped guide rail 5:

Because the cylinder used in the pneumatic flexible press-down seedling-taking mechanism is a cylindrical piston and cylinder barrel 1, the piston ejector rod 2 can rotate freely. J-shaped guide rail 5 is set at the rear of the trapezoid, and there is a rectangular long tail 16 structure at the rear portion of the top 3 of the trapezoidal seedlings. This rectangular long tail 16 can only move up and down under the restriction of the J-shaped guide rail 5 and cannot swing. Seedling head 3 rotation and swing.

The content not described in detail in this specification belongs to the prior art known to those skilled in the art.

Claims (10)

1. Pneumatic flexible press-down seedling picking mechanism, characterized in that it includes a cylinder, a trapezoidal seedling picking head (3), a flexible seedling avoiding cloth (4), a J-shaped guide rail (5) and a mounting frame (6); The front end of the mounting frame (6) is provided with a round hole I (7) for installing the cylinder, the rear end is provided with a slotted hole (8), and one side of the mounting frame (6) is provided with a bent flange (9 ); Described cylinder comprises cylinder barrel (1) and piston push rod (2), and piston push rod (2) can slide within certain range of travel in cylinder barrel (1), and cylinder barrel (1) is fixed on On the round hole I (7) at the front end of the mounting frame (6), the lower end of the piston push rod (2) is provided with a section of external thread; The cross-section of the J-shaped guide rail (5) is in the shape of the English letter "J", and there is a round hole II (12) above the J-shaped guide rail (5), and the lower part of the J-shaped guide rail (5) forms a hook groove (13). The J-shaped guide rail (5) is connected to the lower rear end of the mounting frame (6) through the upper round hole II (12); The upper end of the trapezoidal seedling-taking top (3) is provided with a circular hole III (14), and the lower end is a right-angled trapezoidal metal frame (15), and a rectangular long tail (16) is connected behind the upper end of the trapezoidal seedling-taking top (3); The trapezoidal seedling-taking plug (3) is installed on the lower end of the piston push rod (2) through the round hole III (14) at the upper end, and the rectangular long tail (16) is placed in the hook groove (13); The flexible seedling avoidance cloth (4) is installed on the right-angled trapezoidal metal frame (15). 2. The pneumatic flexible press-down seedling picking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mounting frame (6) is connected to the frame of the transplanting machine through a slotted hole (8). 3. The pneumatic flexible press-down type seedling-taking mechanism as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the cylinder is a single-acting spring reset miniature cylinder, and the cylinder cylinder (1) is cylindrical, and the cylinder cylinder (1 ) tail is upward, the piston push rod (2) is downward, and an air pipe interface (10) is provided at the rear of the cylinder barrel (1). A return spring (11) is also arranged in the cylinder barrel (1) of the cylinder, and the return spring (11) is located between the cylinder barrel (1) and the piston push rod (2). 4. The pneumatic flexible press-down seedling picking mechanism according to claim 3, characterized in that: the solenoid valve is a two-position three-way valve with a vent hole, and the solenoid valve controls the cylinder through a sequence control system The frequency and sequence of the action can control the action timing of the pneumatic flexible press-down seedling picking mechanism. 5. The pneumatic flexible press-down seedling picking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: the width of the hook groove (13) can accommodate the rectangular long tail (16) of the trapezoidal seedling picking top (3), and the hook The length of the slot (13) is greater than the working stroke of the cylinder. 6. The pneumatic flexible press-down seedling picking mechanism according to claim 5, characterized in that: the hook groove (13) is used to limit the rectangular long tail (16) to only move up and down, but not to rotate and swing. 7. The pneumatic flexible press-down seedling picking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: the trapezoidal seedling picking plug (3) is installed on the lower end of the piston push rod (2) by two bolts. 8. pneumatic flexible pressing down type seedling-taking mechanism as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that: described right-angled trapezoidal metal frame (15) is the front narrow rear wide frame without hypotenuse; Described flexible seedling avoiding cloth ( 4) shape is identical with the shape of right-angled trapezoidal metal frame (15), and the size of flexible seedling-avoiding cloth (4) is identical with the size of right-angled trapezoidal metal frame (15), and the material of flexible seedling-avoiding cloth (4) is elastic cloth. 9. The pneumatic flexible press-down seedling picking mechanism according to claim 8, characterized in that: the flexible seedling avoiding cloth (4) is installed on the right-angled trapezoidal metal frame (15) by gluing or sewing connection. 10. The pneumatic flexible downward-pressing seedling picking mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: the pneumatic flexible downward-pressing seedling picking mechanism needs to be used in conjunction with a rectangular truss-shaped combined hole tray.