CN206640529U - A kind of switched reluctance motor for electric automobile control device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a switched reluctance motor control device for an electric vehicle, comprising a four-phase 16/12 pole switched reluctance motor M, a four-phase asymmetrical half-bridge power converter, a keyboard, a host computer and a DSP or a single chip microcomputer as the The core all-digital controller, the upper tube and the lower tube of each phase of the four-phase asymmetrical half-bridge power converter are respectively connected to the corresponding phase windings of the four-phase 16/12-pole switched reluctance motor M; The phase 16/12 pole switched reluctance motor M is provided with a rotor position detector and a current detector, and the rotor position detector and the current detector are respectively connected with an all-digital controller; the four-phase asymmetrical half-bridge power converter The control ends of the upper and lower tubes are respectively connected with the full digital controller, and the keyboard and the upper computer are respectively connected with the full digital controller. The utility model has the advantages of simple structure, low manufacturing cost, convenient maintenance, long service life and high reliability, and can directly drive electric vehicles.

Description

A switch reluctance motor control device for an electric vehicle

technical field

The utility model relates to a switched reluctance motor control device, in particular to a switched reluctance motor control device which can directly drive electric vehicles.

Background technique

At present, the transmission motor system is gradually tending to develop in the direction of stepless speed change, high reliability and digitalization. The research and development of a new motor system that can realize continuously variable speed operation, high reliability, and digital speed regulation to directly drive electric vehicles has become a new development trend and an important direction of cutting-edge innovative research work in the field of electric transmission.

Today, with the increasingly serious environmental problems, the development of green transportation has become an important topic. Electric vehicles have the characteristics of no pollution and low noise, and have become an ideal means of transportation.

At present, the motor transmission system widely used at home and abroad is an induction motor, which cannot be continuously variable. If the stepless variable speed transmission is realized by a DC speed regulating motor, the structure of the DC motor is complicated, the cost is high, the maintenance is difficult and the service life is short. If the induction motor frequency conversion speed regulation system realizes the continuously variable speed transmission, the system control scheme adopts vector conversion control or direct torque control, but the calculation of vector conversion or direct torque control is complicated, and its low-speed torque is small and low-speed performance is not good. . Therefore, there is an urgent need to design a control device that is simple in structure, low in cost, easy to maintain, long in service life, high in reliability, and can directly drive electric vehicles.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a switched reluctance motor control device for electric vehicles with simple structure, low cost, convenient maintenance, long service life and high reliability, which can directly drive electric vehicles, so as to overcome the disadvantages of the prior art. insufficient.

In order to achieve the above purpose, the technical solution of the present invention is: a switched reluctance motor control device for electric vehicles, the innovation point of which is that it includes a four-phase 16/12-pole switched reluctance motor M, a four-phase asymmetrical half-bridge Power converter, keyboard, upper computer and full digital controller with DSP or single-chip microcomputer as the core, the upper tube and the lower tube of each phase of the four-phase asymmetrical half-bridge power converter are respectively connected to the four-phase 16/12 pole switch The corresponding phase windings of the reluctance motor M are connected;

The four-phase 16/12 pole switched reluctance motor M is provided with a rotor position detector, and the output end of the rotor position detector is connected to the corresponding input capture port of the full digital controller through electrical isolation;

The four-phase 16/12 pole switched reluctance motor M is provided with a current detector, and the output end of the current detector is electrically isolated and connected to the corresponding ADC sampling port of the full digital controller;

The winding logic signal output by the all-digital controller is connected to the control terminal of the upper tube of the four-phase asymmetrical half-bridge power converter through electrical isolation, and the OC output comparison port of the all-digital controller outputs a PWM signal, and the all-digital control The winding logic signal and PWM signal output by the inverter are logically phased and then electrically isolated and then connected to the control terminal of the lower tube of the four-phase asymmetrical half-bridge power converter. The keyboard is connected to the input and output ports of the full digital controller. , the host computer communicates with the USB communication port of the full digital controller.

In the above technical solution, the electrical isolation adopts an optocoupler isolation chip.

In the above technical solution, the four-phase 16/12-pole switched reluctance motor M includes A, B, C, D four-phase windings, wherein:

A-phase winding includes four stator salient poles A1, A2, A3, and A4, and the concentrated windings on the four stator salient poles of A1, A2, A3, and A4 are connected in series to form A-phase winding.

The B-phase winding includes four stator salient poles B1, B2, B3, and B4, and the concentrated windings on the four stator salient poles of B1, B2, B3, and B4 are connected in series to form the B-phase winding.

The C-phase winding includes four stator salient poles C1, C2, C3, and C4, and the concentrated windings on the four stator salient poles of C1, C2, C3, and C4 are connected in series to form a C-phase winding.

The D-phase winding includes four stator salient poles D1, D2, D3, and D4, and the concentrated windings on the four stator salient poles of D1, D2, D3, and D4 are connected in series to form the D-phase winding.

In the above technical solution, the type of the main switch of the four-phase asymmetrical half-bridge power converter is MOSFET or IGBT.

The positive effects of the utility model are: since the utility model includes a four-phase 16/12 pole switched reluctance motor M, a four-phase asymmetrical half-bridge power converter, a keyboard, an upper computer and a DSP or a single-chip microcomputer as the core An all-digital controller, the four-phase 16/12-pole switched reluctance motor M includes four-phase windings A, B, C, and D, and the upper and lower tubes of each phase of the four-phase asymmetrical half-bridge power converter They are respectively connected to the phase windings corresponding to the four-phase 16/12 pole switched reluctance motor M; the four-phase 16/12 pole switched reluctance motor M is provided with a rotor position detector, and the output terminal of the rotor position detector Connect to the corresponding input capture port of the full digital controller through electrical isolation; the four-phase 16/12 pole switched reluctance motor M is provided with a current detector, and the output terminal of the current detector is corresponding to the full digital controller through electrical isolation The ADC sampling port of the all-digital controller is connected; the winding logic signal output by the all-digital controller is connected to the control terminal of the upper tube of the four-phase asymmetrical half-bridge power converter through electrical isolation, and the OC output comparison port of the all-digital controller outputs PWM signal, and the winding logic signal and PWM signal output by the full digital controller are logically phase-ANDed and then electrically isolated and then connected to the control terminal of the lower tube of the four-phase asymmetrical half-bridge power converter. The keyboard is connected to the full digital control The input and output ports of the device are connected, and the upper computer communicates with the USB communication port of the full digital controller; the windings of each phase of the four-phase 16/12 pole switched reluctance motor of the utility model are independent of each other, and have a large starting torque, and the transmission High efficiency, small torque ripple, low power consumption, etc., and because there are only simple concentrated windings on the salient poles of the stator of the four-phase 16/12 pole switched reluctance motor, it has the advantages of simple insulation structure, easy manufacture and low cost. Advantages, and most of the heat is in the stator, and it is easy to cool. It has the characteristics of good speed regulation performance, flexible control, high working reliability, good fault tolerance and long service life under harsh conditions. The unipolar four-phase asymmetric half-bridge power converter of the utility model is used for unidirectional current excitation, and each power switching device is directly connected in series with the four-phase 16/12-pole switched reluctance motor, avoiding the direct short circuit phenomenon , has high operational reliability and fault tolerance, and the design scheme of the utility model is a control device that is urgently needed at present with simple structure, low cost, convenient maintenance, long service life, high reliability, and direct transmission of electric vehicles.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the principle block diagram of a kind of embodiment of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is a block diagram of the control structure of the four-phase 16/12 pole switched reluctance motor M of the present invention.

detailed description

The utility model will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and the given embodiments, but it is not limited thereto.

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, a switched reluctance motor control device for electric vehicles includes a four-phase 16/12-pole switched reluctance motor M, a four-phase asymmetrical half-bridge power converter 1, a keyboard 2, and a host computer 3 and an all-digital controller 4 with DSP or single-chip microcomputer as the core, the four-phase 16/12-pole switched reluctance motor M includes A, B, C, D four-phase windings, and the four-phase asymmetrical half-bridge power The upper tube and the lower tube of each phase of the converter 1 are respectively connected to the corresponding phase windings of the four-phase 16/12 pole switched reluctance motor M;

The four-phase 16/12 pole switched reluctance motor M is provided with a rotor position detector 5, and the output end of the rotor position detector 5 is connected to the corresponding input capture port of the full digital controller 4 through electrical isolation, providing a motor The position information of the rotor is used to determine the opening and closing of the winding;

The four-phase 16/12 pole switched reluctance motor M is provided with a current detector 6, and the output terminal of the current detector 6 is connected to the corresponding ADC sampling port of the all-digital controller 4 through electrical isolation, and is used to detect the phase winding in real time. Current, provide current information to complete current chopping control or take corresponding protection measures to prevent overcurrent;

The winding logic signal output by the all-digital controller 4 is electrically isolated and connected to the control terminal of the upper tube of the four-phase asymmetrical half-bridge power converter 1, and the OC output comparison port of the all-digital controller 4 outputs a PWM signal, and The winding logic signal and PWM signal output by the all-digital controller 4 are logically phased and then electrically isolated and then connected to the control terminal of the down tube of the four-phase asymmetrical half-bridge power converter 1. The keyboard 2 is connected to the full-digital control The input and output ports of the controller 4 are connected to realize the setting and input of control parameters. The upper computer 3 communicates with the USB communication port of the full digital controller 4 to realize the display function of information such as speed, current and voltage.

The electrical isolation of the utility model adopts an optocoupler isolation chip to realize a voltage conversion function to prevent mutual influence of high and low voltages.

In order to make the four-phase 16/12-pole switched reluctance motor M of the present utility model have the advantages of large low-speed torque and small torque ripple, the four-phase 16/12-pole switched reluctance motor M of the present utility model includes A, B, C, D four-phase winding, where:

A-phase winding includes four stator salient poles A1, A2, A3, and A4, and the concentrated windings on the four stator salient poles of A1, A2, A3, and A4 are connected in series to form A-phase winding.

The B-phase winding includes four stator salient poles B1, B2, B3, and B4, and the concentrated windings on the four stator salient poles of B1, B2, B3, and B4 are connected in series to form the B-phase winding.

The C-phase winding includes four stator salient poles C1, C2, C3, and C4, and the concentrated windings on the four stator salient poles of C1, C2, C3, and C4 are connected in series to form a C-phase winding.

The D-phase winding includes four stator salient poles D1, D2, D3, and D4, and the concentrated windings on the four stator salient poles of D1, D2, D3, and D4 are connected in series to form the D-phase winding.

The model of the main switch of the utility model four-phase asymmetrical half-bridge power converter 1 is MOSFET or IGBT. The utility model operates according to the "minimum reluctance principle": the rotor position is detected by the rotor position detector 5, and the full digital controller 4 whose core is DSP or single-chip microcomputer judges the relative position of the stator and the rotor according to the output signal of the rotor position detector 5. position; then the all-digital controller 4 of the DSP or the single-chip microcomputer outputs the control signal, which is used to control the conduction and shutdown of the upper tube and the lower tube of the four-phase asymmetrical half-bridge power converter 1, so that the power supply is connected to the four-phase 16 The phase winding of the 12-pole switched reluctance motor M is energized and de-energized to attract the rotor to rotate in the direction of the minimum reluctance position between the stator and the rotor.

As shown in Figure 1, the IC of the all-digital controller 4 described in the figure is a position input capture port, the ADC is a current sampling port, and I/O (1) and I/O (2) are input and output ports. OC is an output comparison port, and USB is a communication port.

As shown in Figure 2, it is a block diagram of the control structure of the four-phase 16/12 pole switched reluctance motor M of the present utility model, wherein the control structure includes a battery, a switched reluctance motor, a power converter, a controller and a detection device Wait. Among them, the switched reluctance motor is the component that realizes energy conversion in the control structure of the switched reluctance motor, and it is also the main symbol that the control structure of the switched reluctance motor is different from other motor control systems. The power converter provides the energy required for the motor to run, powered by the battery. The controller is the backbone of the system. It comprehensively processes speed command, speed feedback signal and feedback information from current sensor and position sensor, controls the working state of the main switching device in the power converter, and realizes the control of the motor running state.

The windings of each phase of the four-phase 16/12 pole switched reluctance motor of the utility model are independent of each other, which has the advantages of large starting torque, high transmission efficiency, small torque ripple, and low power consumption. There are only simple concentrated windings on the salient poles of the stator of the switched reluctance motor, so that it has the advantages of simple insulation structure, easy manufacture, and low cost, and most of the heat is in the stator, which is also easy to cool, and has good speed regulation performance under harsh conditions , flexible control, high reliability, good fault tolerance and long service life. The unipolar four-phase asymmetric half-bridge power converter of the utility model is used for unidirectional current excitation, and each power switching device is directly connected in series with the four-phase 16/12-pole switched reluctance motor, avoiding the direct short circuit phenomenon , has high operational reliability and fault tolerance, and the design scheme of the utility model is a control device that is urgently needed at present with simple structure, low cost, convenient maintenance, long service life, high reliability, and direct transmission of electric vehicles.

Claims (4)

1. A switched reluctance motor control device for an electric vehicle, characterized in that: it comprises a four-phase 16/12 pole switched reluctance motor M, a four-phase asymmetrical half-bridge power converter (1), a keyboard (2), The upper computer (3) and the all-digital controller (4) with DSP or single-chip microcomputer as the core, the upper tube and the lower tube of each phase of the four-phase asymmetrical half-bridge power converter (1) are respectively connected with the four-phase 16/ The corresponding phase windings of the 12-pole switched reluctance motor M are connected; The four-phase 16/12-pole switched reluctance motor M is provided with a rotor position detector (5), and the output terminal of the rotor position detector (5) is electrically isolated from the corresponding input of the full digital controller (4). The capture port is connected; The four-phase 16/12-pole switched reluctance motor M is provided with a current detector (6), and the output terminal of the current detector (6) is electrically isolated and connected to the corresponding ADC sampling port of the full digital controller (4); The winding logic signal output by the all-digital controller (4) is electrically isolated and connected to the control terminal of the upper tube of the four-phase asymmetrical half-bridge power converter (1), and the OC output of the all-digital controller (4) is compared with The port outputs a PWM signal, and the winding logic signal and PWM signal output by the all-digital controller (4) are logically phase-ANDed and then electrically isolated and then connected to the control terminal of the lower tube of the four-phase asymmetrical half-bridge power converter (1) The keyboard (2) is connected to the input and output ports of the full digital controller (4), and the host computer (3) communicates with the USB communication port of the full digital controller (4). 2. The switched reluctance motor control device for electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: said electrical isolation adopts an optocoupler isolation chip. 3. The switched reluctance motor control device for electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: the four-phase 16/12 pole switched reluctance motor M comprises A, B, C, D four-phase windings, wherein: A-phase winding includes four stator salient poles A1, A2, A3, and A4, and the concentrated windings on the four stator salient poles of A1, A2, A3, and A4 are connected in series to form A-phase winding. The B-phase winding includes four stator salient poles B1, B2, B3, and B4, and the concentrated windings on the four stator salient poles of B1, B2, B3, and B4 are connected in series to form the B-phase winding. The C-phase winding includes four stator salient poles C1, C2, C3, and C4, and the concentrated windings on the four stator salient poles of C1, C2, C3, and C4 are connected in series to form a C-phase winding. The D-phase winding includes four stator salient poles D1, D2, D3, and D4, and the concentrated windings on the four stator salient poles of D1, D2, D3, and D4 are connected in series to form the D-phase winding. 4. The switched reluctance motor control device for electric vehicles according to claim 1, characterized in that: the main switch type of the four-phase asymmetrical half-bridge power converter (1) is MOSFET or IGBT.