CN206628909U - Stacked DC brushless motor - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a kind of stacked DC brushless motor, the rotating shaft being fixed on including shell, by bearing in shell, at least one piece of magnet plate fixed evenly and at intervals in the rotating shaft, the magnet plate is respectively provided with 2n pole region perpendicular to two planes of rotating shaft, the opposite polarity of two adjacent pole regions on same plane, two pole region opposite polarities of two plane relative positions, the n are the natural number more than or equal to 2；It is fixed on the side shell uniformly to intert at least one piece of coil plate set with the magnet plate, coil in the coil plate is around at least one circle gear-like of rotating shaft arrangement or petal-like planar coil, it has n double wedge shape or petal shape and a wire-entering head and a terminal, and the wire of the coil two adjacent groups radially is respectively in adjacent pole region.The utility model passes through magnet plate and the overlapping interaction of coil plate, it is possible to achieve possesses the motor of the advantages that low current high pulling torque and good heat dissipation effect.

Description

Stacked DC brushless motor

Technical field

It the utility model is related to stacked DC brushless motor.

Background technology

The application of brshless DC motor is quite varied, such as unmanned plane, automobile, instrument, industrial industry control, automation and aviation Space flight etc..Generally speaking, brshless DC motor can be divided into three kinds of main application purposes：A period of time continuous loading application, second, Variable load application, third, positioning application.Continuous loading is mainly applied to certain rotating speed but to rotary speed precision requirement Not high field, such as fan, hair-dryer etc., cost is relatively low and mostly opened loop control.Variable load is mainly applied to rotating speed The application changed in the range of some is needed, has higher demand to motor speed characteristic and dynamic response time characteristic.Such as get rid of Dry machine and compressor etc., oil pump control, electric controller, engine control in auto industry field etc., cost is relatively higher.Greatly Most Industry Controls and the application for automatically controlling aspect belong to positioning application, the conveying of energy are often completed, so to rotating speed Dynamic response and torque have special requirement, the requirement to controller is also higher.Photoelectricity and some may be used when testing the speed Synchronizer.Process control, Mechanical course and transport control etc. much belong to this kind of application.It is but of the prior art straight Brushless electric machine is flowed to there is also some problems, such as：Power-weight ratio is relatively low.Low current high pulling torque can not be realized.For generating It is inefficient.Powerful motor feels hot is excessive, and energy dissipation is more, and radiating forms very big problem etc..

Utility model content

The utility model is in order to solve the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, it is proposed that a kind of stacked brush DC electricity Machine, including be made up of front/rear cover and side shell shell, both ends respectively by bearing be arranged on shell in rotating shaft, described turn At least one piece of magnet plate fixed evenly and at intervals, the magnet plate are respectively provided with 2n magnetic perpendicular to two planes of rotating shaft on axle Polar region, the opposite polarity of two adjacent pole regions, two pole region polarity phases of two plane relative positions on same plane Instead, the n is the natural number more than or equal to 2；It is fixed on the side shell uniformly to intert set at least one with the magnet plate Block coil plate, the coil in the coil plate be around at least one circle gear-like of rotating shaft arrangement or petal-like planar coil, It has n double wedge shape or petal shape and a wire-entering head and a terminal, and the coil two adjacent groups are radially The wire in direction is respectively in adjacent pole region.

The utility model uses a part of the magnet plate as rotor, by the use of coil as a part for stator, passes through line Energization cutting magnetic line is enclosed, produces power tangentially so as to which drive rotor rotates, processing method is simple, the amount of being especially suitable for Production.Because coil plate and magnet plate are uniformly distributed and formed by multiple distributed small coils and small magnetite, therefore in motor housing Space be fully used, for the motor of the prior art of equal-wattage and moment of torsion, the utility model can be with Realize the significantly diminution of motor volume.Compared with other motors of the prior art, motor of the present utility model without using iron core, Weight significantly mitigates, meanwhile, the mode for employing full blast make use of the magnetic field of permanent magnet, and total usage amount of permanent magnet is not Height, therefore the further lightweight of motor gross weight.Exactly because also make use of most high-intensity magnetic field caused by permanent magnet, coordinate corresponding Coil plate, both combine special structure cause hot-wire coil to work in the most strong region in magnetic field forever, can obtain most Big electromechanical conversion efficiency.Therefore, the utility model due to effective operating fields intensity it is high, coil is more, and coil effective length is very long, Therefore very big turning moment can be produced after being powered, and the electrical current in coil only needs low current, caloric value is small, And low current high pulling torque can be realized, being further distributed because of coil must be than more uniform, therefore caloric value is remarkably decreased, and The structure that is uniformly distributed of multilayer is also advantageous to radiate.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the installation diagram of the embodiment of the utility model one；

Fig. 2 is the explosive view of the embodiment of the utility model one；

Fig. 3 is the structural representation of the utility model rotating shaft；

Fig. 4 is position corresponding with magnetite schematic top plan view after the assembling of the utility model Hall element；

Fig. 5 is that air-flow when the utility model motor works moves towards figure；

Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the embodiment of the utility model coil plate one；

Fig. 7 is the utility model Fig. 6 blown-up partial detail；

Fig. 8 is the position relationship schematic diagram of the layer line circle of the utility model one and magnet plate；

Fig. 9 is the position relationship schematic diagram of two layers of coil of the utility model and magnet plate.

Label declaration：1st, protecgulum, 2, bonnet, 3, side shell, 4, bearing, 5, rotating shaft, 6, magnet plate, 7, coil plate, 8, dust-proof Lid, 9, spacer, 10, key, 11, Hall element plate, 12, Hall element, 13, spacer bar, 14, solder joint.

Embodiment

Principle of the present utility model and method are described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Fig. 1, Fig. 2 give a specific composition embodiment of the stacked DC brushless motor of the utility model, the reality Apply protecgulum 1 in example, bonnet 2 and side shell 3 form the shell of motor, the inner side of protecgulum 1 and bonnet 2 be respectively equipped with two it is criss-cross Support 8, two bearings 4 are separately mounted to the center of support 8, and the both ends of rotating shaft 5 are fixed on the support in shell by bearing 4 On, and one end of rotating shaft 5 is extend out to outside shell through protecgulum 1, the end of the other end is provided with spacing disk 51, spacing 51, disk In the outside of support, inner ring and the rotating shaft 5 of bearing 4 are fixed, and outer ring is fixed with axle bearing mount portion, and rolling is provided between inner ring and outer ring Pearl, relatively rotate Internal and external cycle.

At least one circular magnet plate is fixed in rotating shaft 5, in this embodiment, secures six in rotating shaft evenly and at intervals Block magnet plate 6, it is evenly spaced by spacer 9 between magnet plate 6, ensure spacing identical relative gap, with reference to figure 3, rotating shaft edge Its axial direction is provided with key 10 on its external wall, and corresponding neck is respectively equipped with magnet plate 6 and spacer 9, passes through key 10 and card Groove progress is spacing to prevent magnet plate 6 with respect to pivot.

As shown in figure 4, magnet plate 6 is respectively provided with the pole region of 2n decile arrangement, this reality perpendicular to two planes of rotating shaft Be the natural number more than or equal to 2 with new middle n, that is, the pole region for having point arrangement such as 4 or more even numbers, and adjacent pole The magnetic in area is on the contrary, the opposite polarity of 6 two plane relative positions of magnet plate.In the present embodiment, a plane of magnet plate 6 Upper to have 16 pole regions, 8 S poles and 8 N poles are intervally arranged successively, and the magnet plate 6 can be by 8 shape size identicals Independent sector electromagnet is spliced, and the technique of plane the two poles of the earth note magnetic can also be used to form 16 respectively on the two sides of magnet plate Individual pole region.

As shown in figure 5, when rotor rotates, it will produce certain centrifugal force, cause air to be run toward surrounding.The present embodiment In, fresh air inlet is provided with close to the place of rotating shaft on front/rear cover, for rotor when rotating, caused centrifugal force makes air-flow to four Week scatters, and is forming relative vacuum close to the region of rotating shaft.The vacuum is again by the gas of outside from the fresh air inlet close to rotating shaft Suction, is entered in motor housing, and the magnet plate of rotation continues to beat air-flow to surrounding at a high speed, the exhaust vent set from the shell of side Outflow, complete airflow circulating.So, heat caused by motor lines girth sheets can be scattered to motor rapidly by the air-flow of the flowing Outside, the operating ambient temperature of motor is ensured.Therefore, motor can be worked with very big power, realize very big energy density.

As shown in Figure 6 to 7, fixed at least one piece of coil plate 7 on the inwall of side shell 3, close to the position of side shell between support Put and secure four spacer bars 13, identical position is all provided with evenly spaced neck on four spacer bars 13, and four spacer bars are located at Four necks in same plane can carry out spacing to the edge of one piece of coil plate, ensure that the interval of coil plate is uniform.Coil Plate 7 also has two planes perpendicular to rotating shaft, and at least one central plane of the two planes is provided with coil and a magnetite Magnetic pole interaction in one plane of plate, the centre of coil plate 7 have opened up the rotation hole for being available for axis of rotation, rotation hole Internal diameter only to be slightly greater than the external diameter of rotating shaft, therefore, allow coil plate and magnet plate to have larger relative area, can set Put the magnetite and coil of interaction.Coil in coil plate is at least one circle gear-like or petal-like around rotating shaft arrangement Planar coil, it has n double wedge shape or petal shape, that is, can distinguish position with the individual wires radially of 2n In in 2n pole region, and the sense of current of two adjacent groups wire is inevitable on the contrary, the electric current for example positioned at wire extremely interior N is from edge When radial direction from the inside to the outside, the electric current of the wire extremely interior positioned at S then along radial direction from outside to inside, therefore caused by it Active force will be consistent.In the utility model, coil can carry out coiling by a helical and form multi-turn gear-like or petal-shaped Planar coil.Can also either use millimeter or submillimeter magnitude monoblock sheet copper by vertical etch or laser cutting or Person's other method forms multi-turn gear-like or petal-like planar coil, and the number of turns of coil can be made to double, reach corresponding resistance Anti- requirement, and each coil only has a wire-entering head and a terminal（With reference to figure 6）, solder joint is considerably less, is highly susceptible to Volume production, wherein wire-entering head are connected with the solder joint on the shell of side, and the solder joint will be electrically connected to the power supply of motor, terminal with coil plate Solder joint connection, between the solder joint in each coil plate can by parallel to one or more wire of rotating shaft carry out it is in parallel or Series connection.

As shown in figure 8, coil plate 7 and the concentric of magnet plate 6 are set, i.e., magnet plate 6, the center of coil plate 7 are in rotating shaft Central axis on, coil plate 7 and magnet plate 6 are uniformly interspersed to be set, i.e., coil plate 7 can be closed with magnet plate to correspond System, or polylith coil plate be interspersed between polylith magnet plate or polylith magnet plate be interspersed in polylith coil plate it Between.In this embodiment, fixed five pieces of coil plates 7, every piece of coil plate 7 all extend into two pieces evenly and at intervals on side shell inwall Between magnet plate 6.A layer line circle and design sketch during magnet plate vertical view clearly, are illustrate only in order to show in figure, in coil plate 7 Coil there are 8 petal shapes, one shares 16 groups of wires along radial direction, respectively in 16 pole regions.

As shown in figure 9, two layers or three layers of above-mentioned planar coil can also be set, per mutually insulated between layer line circle, pass through The mode of insulated paint is coated, insulation can be realized well again by neither increasing the thickness of coil plate, in addition to the insulation mode, Those skilled in the art can also use other usual insulating meanses, belong in the scope of protection of the utility model.If There is provided two layers of coil, as two-phase controlled motor, the respective driving current of two layers of coil differs 90 degree of phases, two layers coil Position difference 90/（Every layer of number of gears or petal number/2）.If three layer line circles, as three-phase controlled motor, three layer line circles are each Self-powered streaming current differs 60 degree of phases, and the positions of three layer line circles each staggers 60/（Every layer of number of gears or petal number/2）Degree.Example Such as, in Fig. 9 example, a layer line circle can be set on two faces of coil plate, altogether two layers of coil respectively, 90/16/2= 11.25, therefore the position between two layers of coil should stagger 11.25 degree.It is clear for the purposes of showing in figure, it illustrate only two layers The corresponding relation of coil and magnet plate, in original state, i.e., when motor does not work, there is a layer line circle to meet coil two adjacent groups Wire radially is respectively in adjacent pole region.

By said structure, protecgulum 1, bonnet 2, side shell 3 and coil plate 7 turn into fixed stator, magnet plate 6, Spacer 9 and rotating shaft 5 are used as rotatable mover, and in the structure, magnet plate can be made as far as possible thin by we, such as can use The magnetite of grade thickness, by setting multiple spaced thin magnet plates, make two neighboring magnet plate close clearance it Middle extremely strong axial magnetic field to be present, laminar coil plate is inserted in above-mentioned high-intensity magnetic field gap, after coil electricity, will be produced non- Often big rotating torque.Pass through overlapping, the multiplication of achievable above-mentioned rotating torque of multiple magnet plates and coil plate.Therefore, originally The electric machine structure of utility model has a high electromechanical conversion efficiency, high space availability ratio, high power-weight ratio and Power to volume ratio.

The inner side of bonnet can also install Hall element plate 11, and two Hall elements are installed with Hall element plate 11 and are come really Recognize the turned position of rotating shaft and counting.

With reference to figure 4, two Hall elements 12 1 on Hall element plate are located in the pole region of relatively high magnetism（N poles or S It is extremely interior）, another Hall element 12 is located in the weaker region of magnetic, i.e., among two adjacent pole regions, when magnet plate 6 During rotation, the signal of the output of two Hall elements 12 is triangular wave or sine wave that phase difference is 90 degree.Can be with accurate feedback The position of magnetite and angle.The feedback signal detected by Hall element can be controlled to the rotating speed of motor, realized and turned Speed is adjustable, and brake control can be carried out by control chip, the break-make of control coil electric current, disclosure satisfy that high precision will Ask.

Except Fig. 1, Fig. 2 coil plate 7 provided and the combination of magnet plate 6, may be used also between coil plate 7 and magnet plate 6 It is 0.5*m groups with the particular number with other diversified combinations, combination, m is the natural number more than or equal to 2.Example If coil plate 7 and the particular number of magnet plate 6 can be 1 group（One coil plate acts on a magnet plate mutual cooperation）；1.5 Group（Two coil plates set a coil plate between a magnet plate both sides, or two magnet plates respectively）；2 groups（Two Individual coil plate and two magnet plates）... wait other groups.When magnet plate 6 is more than 2, two relative phases of two pieces of magnet plates The opposite polarity of relative pole region on opposite, so the active force between magnet plate to attract each other.Can be between coil plate 7 Series connection, can also be in parallel.An optimal resistance value and control electric current value can so be reached, and torque can be met not With demand and power, the specific requirement radiated etc..And the size of the utility model motor is very flexible.

Above-mentioned various embodiments of the present utility model are by two kinds of standard packages（Magnet plate and coil plate）Simple interaction Stacking forms, therefore more much higher than the production of other motors.In addition, the number by controlling lamination, can facilitate controlled motor Appearance and size, the various performance parameters such as power output and torque, very flexibly.In other embodiments, can also be in protecgulum Two axle bearing mount portions are stretched out in opposite directions with the center of bonnet, are used for that bearing is installed respectively in it.And conductive sheet metal is except adopting Beyond copper coin, other conductive sheet metals, such as aluminium sheet can also be used, belong to the scope of protection of the utility model it It is interior.

Embodiments above is only to illustrate structure of the present utility model, and one of ordinary skill in the art is at this Various deformation and change can be made under the design of utility model, these deformations and change are included in protection of the present utility model Within the scope of.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of stacked DC brushless motor, including the shell that is made up of front/rear cover and side shell, both ends pass through bearing respectively Rotating shaft in shell, it is characterised in that：

At least one piece of magnet plate fixed evenly and at intervals, the magnet plate are equal perpendicular to two planes of rotating shaft in the rotating shaft With 2n pole region, the opposite polarity of two adjacent pole regions on same plane, two magnetic of two plane relative positions Polar region opposite polarity, the n are the natural number more than or equal to 2；

It is fixed on the side shell uniformly to intert at least one piece of coil plate set with the magnet plate, the line in the coil plate At least one circle gear-like for enclosing to arrange around rotating shaft or petal-like planar coil, it has n double wedge shape or petal Shape and a wire-entering head and a terminal, the wire of the coil two adjacent groups radially are located at adjacent magnetic respectively In polar region.

2. stacked DC brushless motor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the coil uses unitary conductive metal Plate to form gear-like or petal-like planar coil by etching or being cut by laser, or coil forms tooth by a helical coiling Colyliform or petal-like planar coil.

3. stacked DC brushless motor as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the coil plate is mutual provided with two layers The planar coil of insulation, the driving current between two layers of planar coil differ 90 degree of phases, the position of two layers of planar coil Differ 90/n degree.

4. stacked DC brushless motor as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the coil plate is provided with three layers mutually The planar coil of insulation, the driving current between three layer plane coils differ 60 degree of phases, the position of three layer plane coils 60/n degree is differed successively.

5. stacked DC brushless motor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that close to rotating shaft on the front/rear cover Position is provided with fresh air inlet, and the side shell is provided with exhaust vent, and the magnet plate is provided with air-permeating hole.

6. stacked DC brushless motor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the quantity of the magnet plate be 2 pieces and During the above, relative Liang Ge magnetites area opposite polarity on two opposite faces of adjacent two pieces of magnet plates.

7. stacked DC brushless motor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the stacked DC brushless motor is also Including installed in the protecgulum or after the Hall element plate of at least two Hall elements that covers, for receiving the Hall element The feedback signal of plate carries out the control chip of break-make control to the electric current of the coil board coil.

8. stacked DC brushless motor as claimed in claim 7, it is characterised in that at least one on the Hall element plate In a pole region, at least one Hall element is located among two adjacent pole regions individual Hall element.

9. stacked DC brushless motor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the pole plate is by n block independence magnetites It is spliced, or described pole region is formed in two planes of magnet plate using plane note magnetic technique.

10. stacked DC brushless motor as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the inner side of the front/rear cover is set respectively There are two cross brackets, the bearing is located at cross bracket center, and spacer is cased with the rotating shaft and is used for being spaced magnet plate, Spacer bar is provided between the cross bracket, spacer bar position corresponding with the coil plate side is provided with neck.