CN206486558U - A kind of electric furnace for protecting tapping - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an electric furnace capable of protecting tapping, which belongs to the technical field of iron and steel metallurgy and steelmaking. The electric furnace of the utility model comprises an electric furnace body and a steel tapping protection pipe. A tapping port is arranged on the electric furnace body, and a steel tapping protection pipe is installed on the tapping port. Tapping protection pipe, the inner diameter of the protection casing of the tapping protection pipe is larger than the diameter of the tapping hole; the specific tapping method is that the molten steel flows from the tapping hole to the protection casing through the connecting parts, and the tapping protection pipe is in the tapping hole. The molten steel is protected during the process, and there is a gap between the molten steel and the inner wall of the protective sleeve when it flows through the protective sleeve. The utility model establishes a relatively closed molten steel channel, and the molten steel flows into the steel tapping protection pipe from the tapping hole, which limits the gas flow on the surface of the molten steel, reduces the adsorption of harmful gases such as nitrogen and hydrogen by the molten steel, improves the quality of the steel and reduces the The temperature drop of molten steel in the tapping process is reduced.

Description

An electric furnace capable of protecting tapping

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of iron and steel metallurgy and steelmaking, in particular to an electric furnace capable of protecting tapping.

Background technique

Electric arc furnace is an electric furnace that uses the high temperature generated by electrode arc to smelt ores and metals, so it is also called electric furnace. When the gas discharge in the electric furnace forms an arc, the energy is very concentrated, and the temperature of the arc zone is above 3000 °C. The electric furnace has greater flexibility than other steelmaking furnaces in the smelting process, which can effectively remove impurities such as sulfur and phosphorus; and the furnace temperature of the electric arc furnace is easy to control during the smelting process, which is suitable for smelting high-quality alloy steel .

After the molten steel is smelted in an electric furnace, the refining outside the furnace and the continuous casting process control the oxygen, nitrogen, hydrogen and temperature in the steel very strictly. However, there is little protection for the molten steel during the tapping process. During the tapping process of the electric furnace, the molten steel is directly in contact with the air, which causes a large amount of harmful gases such as nitrogen and hydrogen to enter the molten steel, which deteriorates the performance of the steel. Continuous casting creates stress and significantly increases production costs and reduces product quality.

Nitrogen is a harmful element in general steel grades. During the tapping process, exposed molten steel is in direct contact with air, thereby increasing the nitrogen content in molten steel, generally by 10-20ppm. Because the air contains a certain amount of humidity, it will also cause hydrogenation in molten steel, and hydrogen will easily produce white spots in the steel, causing hydrogen-induced cracks in the steel; reducing product quality. There is an urgent need to develop an electric furnace that protects the molten steel during the tapping process for the existing tapping process of the electric furnace, so as to protect the molten steel during the tapping process and prevent the molten steel from absorbing harmful impurities in the air during the tapping process.

The impact on temperature is very large, and this process lasts for about 4-6 minutes. During the tapping process, the temperature of molten steel decreases due to thermal radiation, convective heat dissipation, deoxidation alloying, and heat absorption of ladle lining. For this reason, alloy heating, ladle baking and optimized scheduling are used in production to reduce the temperature drop in the tapping process. However, no measures are taken for the radiation heat dissipation and convection heat dissipation generated between the molten steel and the air, resulting in serious heat dissipation of the molten steel, which makes it difficult to effectively control the temperature drop of the molten steel.

After searching, it is found that in the continuous casting process, the protective tube has been used to protect the molten steel, such as: the name of the invention is: composite molten steel protective sleeve (patent number: ZL99229239.5, application date: 1999-08-20) , The name of the invention is: a protective tube for preventing nitrogen increase when pouring molten steel (patent application number: ZL201520734792.5, application date: 2015-09-22). But this protective tube is difficult to protect molten steel in the process of tapping.

In addition, the name of the invention is: a method for preventing nitrogen increase in molten steel during the tapping process of the converter (patent application number: 201010588760.0, application date: 2010-12-15), which is adopted before and during the tapping process of the converter , control the argon blowing time and argon flow rate, and blow argon into the ladle in two stages or continuously until the end of tapping. In this way, the air in the ladle is discharged by the blown argon gas, preventing the molten steel in the ladle from being tapped into contact with the air, so that the molten steel in the ladle is always in the state of argon protection, which prevents the nitrogen increase caused by the contact between the molten steel and the air, and at the same time The [N] that is easily adsorbed on the surface of bubbles in molten steel can be removed along with the floating and discharging of argon bubbles. Although this method can prevent molten steel from increasing nitrogen to a certain extent, it is difficult to protect molten steel during tapping.

Utility model content

1. The technical problems to be solved by the utility model

The purpose of the utility model is to overcome the difficulty in protecting the molten steel in the tapping process of the electric furnace in the prior art, and provide an electric furnace that can protect the tapping; by installing a tapping protection tube on the tapping hole, it can The molten steel is protected to reduce the adsorption amount of the molten steel to harmful gases such as nitrogen and hydrogen; further, the heat loss of the molten steel can be reduced, and the energy consumption of steelmaking can be reduced.

2. Technical solution

In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution provided by the utility model is:

An electric furnace capable of protecting tapping of the utility model comprises an electric furnace body and a tapping protection tube, the tapping hole is arranged on the electric furnace body, and the tapping protection tube is installed on the tapping hole, the tapping The protective tube includes a protective casing and a connecting part, the connecting part is used to connect with the tapping hole; the casing inlet end of the protective casing is connected with the connecting part, and forms a through-through tapping protective tube, and the molten steel is The tapping hole flows to the protective casing through the connecting part, and the inner diameter of the protective casing is larger than that of the tapping hole, so that there is a gap between the molten steel flowing through the protective casing and the inner wall of the protective casing.

Preferably, the electric furnace body is provided with an electric furnace tapping box, and the lower part of the electric furnace tapping box is provided with a tapping hole, the angle between the tapping hole and the vertical direction is ε, ε is the inclination angle of the electric furnace tapping, and the tapping The protection tube is coaxial with the tapping hole.

Preferably, the protective casing of the tapping protection pipe is a tapered pipe, and the inner diameter of the casing inlet end of the protective casing is smaller than the inner diameter of the casing outlet end, and the inner diameter of the casing inlet end is larger than the diameter of the tapping hole.

Preferably, the connecting part of the tapping protection tube is provided with an accommodating cavity, and the accommodating cavity is used to fit on the outside of the tapping hole.

Preferably, the pipe wall of the protective sleeve is provided with an outer casing, a heat insulation layer and a refractory material layer in sequence from outside to inside.

Preferably, a positioning part is fixedly connected to the tapping hole, the connecting part of the tapping protection pipe is detachably connected to the positioning part, and the tapping protection pipe is installed on the positioning part through the connecting part.

Preferably, the positioning component includes a positioning cylinder and an assembly projection, the positioning cylinder is used to fit outside the tapping hole; the assembly projection is arranged on the bottom of the positioning cylinder.

Preferably, the top of the connecting part is provided with an assembly member, and the inner arc surface of the assembly member is matched with the positioning cylinder; the assembly member is provided with an assembly groove matched with the assembly projection; the rotation of the assembly member enables The fitting groove is adapted to the fitting projection of the positioning component, and the connecting component is installed on the positioning component.

3. Beneficial effect

Compared with the existing known technology, the technical solution provided by the utility model has the following remarkable effects:

(1) A kind of electric furnace that can protect tapping of the utility model, the electric furnace body and the steel tapping protection tube, the described electric furnace body is provided with a tapping port, and the tapping port is equipped with a tapping protection tube to protect The inner diameter of the casing is larger than the diameter of the tap hole, so that there is a gap between the molten steel and the inner wall of the protective casing when it flows through the protective casing. The casing inlet end of the protective casing is connected to the connecting part, and the molten steel is connected by the tapping hole The components flow to the protective sleeve, which can protect the molten steel during the tapping process and reduce the adsorption of harmful gases such as nitrogen and hydrogen in the molten steel in the air;

(2) A kind of electric furnace that can protect tapping of the present utility model, the inner diameter of the protection casing of tapping protection pipe is greater than the diameter of tapping opening, so that there is a gap between molten steel and the inner wall of protection casing when flowing through the protection casing. In the process of tapping, the gap between the molten steel and the inner wall of the protective sleeve forms a good thermal insulation gap layer, which has a good thermal insulation effect on the molten steel, reduces the heat loss of the molten steel, and avoids the impact of the molten steel on the inner wall of the protective sleeve. Direct flushing greatly improves the service life;

(3) A kind of electric furnace that can protect tapping of the utility model, the angle between the tapping port and the vertical direction is ε, the angle between the tapping protection tube and the vertical direction is also ε, and the tapping is carried out during the tapping process. The steel protection tube is kept vertical. After the molten steel flows into the steel protection tube from the tapping hole, the molten steel flows out of the steel protection tube vertically, which reduces the erosion of the molten steel on the inner wall of the protection sleeve and improves the service life;

(4) A kind of electric furnace that can protect the tapping of the utility model, the pipe wall of the protective sleeve is provided with the shell, the heat insulation layer and the refractory material layer in sequence from the outside to the inside, and the heat insulation material of the heat insulation layer can effectively limit the protection The heat of molten steel in the casing is dissipated to the outside of the protective casing, which reduces the temperature loss during the tapping process, thereby reducing the tapping temperature and saving energy consumption for steelmaking;

(5) An electric furnace capable of protecting tapping of the utility model has an interstitial layer between the shell and the heat insulation layer, and the interstitial layer changes the heat transfer conditions of the protective casing and limits the heat transfer of the molten steel in the protective casing to the outside , reducing the heat loss during the tapping process of molten steel and reducing the energy consumption of steelmaking;

(6) A kind of electric furnace that can protect the tapping of the utility model, the connection bottom plate is provided with accommodating groove, and this accommodating groove is arranged on the circumferential edge position of the connection bottom plate, and the tap hole filler is sprayed in the tap hole pipeline. When splashing out, the taphole filler will be sprayed in the receiving groove of the connecting bottom plate, which reduces the mass of the taphole filler falling into the ladle tank, can avoid the influence of the taphole filler on the quality of molten steel, and improves the quality of molten steel. smelting quality;

(7) An electric furnace capable of protecting tapping of the utility model, the top of the connecting part is provided with an assembly member, and the assembly member is provided with an assembly groove matched with the assembly bump, and the rotation of the assembly member makes the assembly groove and the positioning part The fitting of the bump, the connecting part can be set on the outside of the positioning cylinder, and then the connecting part is rotated so that the fitting grooves of the connecting part and the fitting bumps are distributed alternately, that is, the fitting member is clamped on the fitting bump of the positioning part, so that Install the connecting part on the positioning part;

(8) In the electric furnace capable of protecting tapping of the utility model, a limiting plate is provided at the lower part of the assembly member of the connecting part, and the limiting plate is used to control the downward movement limit of the assembly protrusion, which limits the convection of gas on the surface of molten steel , Inhibit the violent flow of gas in the protective sleeve, thereby limiting the diffusion of harmful gases in the air to molten steel, effectively reducing the heat loss of molten steel, and reducing the temperature drop of molten steel during the tapping process.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the tapping protection pipe of the present utility model;

Fig. 2 is the structure schematic diagram of the protective casing of the tapping protection pipe of the present utility model;

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the receiving groove of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the positioning part and the connecting part of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of the assembly bump of the connecting part of the tapping protection pipe of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a schematic structural view of the connecting part of the tapping protection pipe of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of the connecting part of the tapping protection pipe of the present invention;

Figure 8 is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the utility model;

Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the tapping protection tube and the tapping hole of the utility model;

Fig. 10 is the assembly schematic diagram of embodiment 9;

Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of an inclination during tapping of Example 9.

Explanation of the labels in the schematic diagram:

100. Protective sleeve; 101. Refractory material layer; 102. Heat insulation layer; 103. Void layer; 104. Shell; 110. Casing inlet port; 120. Casing outlet port;

200. Connecting parts; 210. Accommodating cavity; 220. Connecting bottom plate; 221. Accommodating groove; 222. Inclined surface of groove; 230. Assembly member; 231. Assembly groove; 232. Inner curved surface of member; ;

300, positioning component; 310, positioning cylinder; 320, assembly bump; 321, outer arc surface of bump;

400, electric furnace body; 410, tapping box of electric furnace; 411, tapping hole; 420, eccentric furnace bottom; 430, tilting mechanism.

detailed description

The following detailed description of exemplary embodiments of the invention refers to the accompanying drawings, which form a part hereof, and in which are shown by way of example exemplary embodiments in which the invention can be practiced. While these exemplary embodiments have been described in sufficient detail to enable those skilled in the art to practice the invention, it should be understood that other embodiments can be implemented and the invention can be utilized without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. Various changes. The following more detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but only for illustration and not to limit the description of the characteristics and characteristics of the present invention, in order to propose the implementation of the present invention. The best mode, and enough to enable those skilled in the art to implement the utility model. Accordingly, the scope of the invention is to be limited only by the appended claims.

The following detailed description and example embodiments of the invention can be better understood when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which elements and features of the invention are identified by reference numerals.

Example 1

As shown in Fig. 1 and Fig. 8, an electric furnace capable of protecting tapping of the utility model includes an electric furnace body 400 and a tapping protection tube, and the electric furnace body 400 includes an electric furnace tapping box 410, an eccentric furnace bottom 420 and a tilting mechanism 430 , the tapping box 410 of the electric furnace is provided with a tapping hole 411, and a tapping protection pipe (as shown in Figure 8 ) is installed on the tapping hole 411, and the tapping protection pipe and the tapping hole 411 can be A fixed connection can also be a detachable connection. During the tapping process, the tilting mechanism 430 is driven, the electric furnace body 400 is tilted under the action of the eccentric furnace bottom 420, and at the same time, the electric furnace tapping box 410 is driven to tilt, so that molten steel flows from the electric furnace body 400 to the electric furnace tapping box 410, And flow out from the tapping hole 411 of the tapping box 410 of the electric furnace.

The tapping protection tube includes a protection sleeve 100 and a connecting part 200. The inner diameter of the protection sleeve 100 is larger than the diameter of the tapping hole 411, so that there is a gap between the molten steel flowing through the protection sleeve 100 and the inner wall of the protection sleeve 100. Gap; the connecting part 200 is used to connect with the tapping hole 411 , and the connecting part 200 is provided with an accommodating cavity 210 , and the accommodating cavity 210 is used to fit outside the tapping hole 411 . Moreover, the accommodating cavity 210 is a cylindrical cavity, and the inner diameter of the cylindrical cavity is larger than the inner diameter of the sleeve inlet end 110 .

The casing inlet end 110 of the protective casing 100 of this embodiment is connected with the connecting part 200, and constitutes a through steel tapping protection pipe. When the connecting part 200 is set on the outside of the tapping hole 411, the protective casing 100 and the tapping hole 411 remains coaxial, that is, the axis of the protective sleeve 100 and the axis of the tapping hole 411 are on the same straight line. After opening the tapping hole 411, under the action of gravity, the molten steel flows from the tapping hole 411 through the connecting part 200 to the protective casing 100, and the inner diameter of the protective casing 100 is larger than the diameter of the tapping hole 411, so that the molten steel flows through the protective casing There is a gap between the pipe 100 and the inner wall of the protective sleeve 100, so that the molten steel does not contact the inner wall of the protective sleeve 100, or the molten steel does not completely contact the inner wall of the protective sleeve 100, thereby reducing the impact of the molten steel on the protective sleeve 100. The scouring of the inner wall improves the service life.

Under the guidance of inertial thinking in the existing technology, existing technicians often think that there is no need for protection during the tapping process. Even if they pay attention to the protection during the tapping process, it is difficult to imagine the use of tapping protection. The steel pipe protects the molten steel in the steel tapping process, so the steel tapping protection pipe in the steel tapping process proposed by the utility model breaks the technical prejudice of the prior art and has a remarkable progress. Taking a step back, even if there are technicians who pay attention to the protection of molten steel in the tapping process, in order to improve the protection effect in the tapping process and prevent the molten steel from contacting with air, the existing technical personnel often connect the protective sleeve 100 with the tapping The steel opening 411 is set to be equal in diameter, thereby avoiding the gap between the molten steel in the protective sleeve 100 and the inner wall of the protective sleeve 100, because there is a gap that will inevitably make the molten steel contact with the air. In order to obtain a better protection effect, the existing Technical technicians must set the protective sleeve 100 and the tapping hole 411 to be equal in diameter; however, this design greatly reduces the service life of the protective sleeve 100, not only fails to achieve a better protection effect, but increases production cost. The utility model creatively proposes that the inner diameter of the protective sleeve 100 is larger than the diameter of the tapping hole 411, so that there is a gap between the molten steel flowing through the protective sleeve 100 and the inner wall of the protective sleeve 100, and avoiding The direct scour of the molten steel on the inner wall of the protection casing 100 is avoided, thereby greatly improving the service life. At the same time, the gap between the molten steel and the inner wall of the protective casing 100 forms a good thermal insulation gap, which has a good thermal insulation effect and reduces the heat loss of the molten steel.

The protective casing 100 is a tapered tube, and the inner diameter of the casing inlet end 110 of the protective casing 100 is smaller than the inner diameter of the casing outlet end 120 (as shown in FIG. 1 ), and the inner diameter of the casing inlet end 110 is larger than the tapping hole The diameter of 411; the inner diameter of the casing inlet end 110 in this embodiment is 1.5 times the diameter of the tapping hole 411; the inner diameter of the casing outlet end 120 is 3.0 times the diameter of the tapping hole 411. The inner diameter of the casing inlet end 110 is smaller than the inner diameter of the casing outlet end 120, which effectively limits the air convection and prevents the air from violently flowing in the protection casing 100. The tapping protection pipe establishes a relatively closed molten steel channel, which effectively limits the surface gas flow, thereby restricting the diffusion of harmful gases in the air to the molten steel, greatly reducing the amount of harmful gases such as nitrogen and hydrogen adsorbed by the molten steel, and when the air convection is small, only the air in the protective sleeve 100 is not It will not affect the quality of molten steel.

At the same time, during the tapping process of steelmaking, due to the exposure of the molten steel to the air, the thermal radiation and convective heat dissipation of the molten steel cause a large temperature drop in the tapping process of the molten steel. Taking the electric furnace as an example, during the tapping process of the electric furnace, the steel The water temperature drops even to 50-80°C. The design of the protective sleeve 100 in this embodiment limits the convective heat transfer of the air on the surface of the molten steel, reducing the temperature drop of the molten steel in the protective sleeve 100 . After the molten steel flows out from the tapping hole 411, due to the reduction of the pressure of the molten steel itself, the molten steel will diffuse when flowing into the ladle tank, that is, the diameter of the molten steel when flowing into the ladle tank is greater than the diameter of the steel flow at the tapping hole 411 Diameter, the inner diameter of the casing inlet end 110 is smaller than the inner diameter of the casing outlet end 120 and can also keep the gap between the molten steel and the inner wall of the protective casing 100 when it flows to the bottom, thereby improving the service life of the protective casing 100 and forming Void insulation with good insulation and therefore a significant improvement.

Example 2

The basic content of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 1, except that: the pipe wall of the protective sleeve 100 is provided with an outer shell 104, a heat insulating layer 102 and a refractory material layer 101 (as shown in Figure 2 ) in sequence from the outside to the inside; The outer shell 104 is made of steel structure with high mechanical strength, and the heat insulation layer 102 is made of heat insulation material, wherein the heat insulation material is glass fiber, asbestos, rock wool or silicate, or the above-mentioned Combination; the heat insulation material of the heat insulation layer 102 can effectively limit the heat dissipation of the molten steel in the protective sleeve 100 to the outside of the protective sleeve 100, reducing the temperature loss during the tapping process, thereby reducing the tapping temperature and saving steelmaking energy consumption. The refractory material layer 101 is arranged on the inner wall of the protective sleeve 100, and the refractory material layer 101 is made of refractory material, which can effectively resist erosion and erosion of molten steel. The heat insulation layer 102 is disposed between the shell 104 and the refractory material layer 101 .

Example 3

The basic content of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 2, except that a gap layer 103 (as shown in Figure 2 ) is also provided between the shell 104 and the heat insulating layer 102, that is, between the shell 104 and the heat insulating layer 102 There are gaps, and constitute the void layer 103, the void layer 103 can be in a vacuum condition, and can also be a void layer 103 filled with any gas, and the void layer 103 in this embodiment is filled with air. The gap layer 103 between the shell 104 and the heat insulation layer 102 changes the heat transfer conditions of the protective sleeve 100, thereby limiting the heat transfer from the molten steel in the protective sleeve 100 to the outside, and reducing the heat loss during the tapping process of the molten steel.

Example 4

The basic content of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 1, except that the connection part 200 is connected to the casing inlet port 110 through the connection bottom plate 220 at the bottom. Corresponding to 110, the receiving chamber 210 of the connecting member 200 is connected to the protective sleeve 100 through the above-mentioned through hole, so that molten steel can flow from the tapping hole 411 to the protective sleeve 100 through the receiving chamber 210, and the molten steel can be protected. The connecting bottom plate 220 is provided with a receiving groove 221 , and the receiving groove 221 is arranged at a peripheral edge position of the connecting bottom plate 220 (as shown in FIG. 3 ).

Before the electric furnace is tapped, in order to prevent the molten steel from flowing directly to the pallet and corroding the pallet, the steel tapping port 411 tube on the upper part of the pallet is usually filled with fillers. These fillers are between the pallet and the molten steel. Pull out the supporting plate from the pipeline of the steel port 411, and after opening the steel port 411, under the action of the gravity of the molten steel, the molten steel will squeeze and splash the filler from the steel port 411, and the splashed filler will finally fall into the ladle tank , and then melted in molten steel at high temperature. However, because the filler contains a large amount of impurities, the filler melted into the high-temperature molten steel will cause harmful elements to enter the molten steel, which will deteriorate the performance of the steel and bring pressure to the subsequent out-of-furnace refining; therefore, for the steelmaking process of the electric furnace, the design A tapping protection tube for electric furnace steelmaking and tapping is provided. The connecting bottom plate 220 is provided with a receiving groove 221. The receiving groove 221 is arranged at the peripheral edge of the connecting bottom plate 220. The filler is sprayed in the pipe from the tapping hole 411 When splashing out, the spraying state is radial, and the filler will be sprayed into the receiving groove 221 of the connecting bottom plate 220, so that part of the filler will not fall into the ladle tank, which reduces the influence of the filler on the quality of molten steel and improves the quality of molten steel. Excellent smelting quality, reduced smelting cost, has made significant progress.

Example 5

The basic content of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 4, except that the inner surface of the receiving groove 221 is a groove inclined surface 222, and the angle of inclination of the groove inclined surface 222 is 45°, and the groove inclined surface 222 makes the When the filler is ejected radially, the filler is more likely to fall into the receiving groove 221, which further reduces the filler falling into the ladle, thereby improving the smelting quality of molten steel and reducing the smelting cost.

Example 6

The basic content of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 1, the difference is that: the tapping hole 411 is fixedly connected with a positioning part 300, the connecting part 200 of the tapping protection pipe is detachably connected with the positioning part 300, and the tapping protection pipe is connected The component 200 is installed on the positioning component 300 (as shown in Figure 9), and the positioning component 300 is a hollow sleeve shape (as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 6), and the positioning component 300 can be sleeved on the outside of the tapping hole 411, and It can be installed at the bottom of the tapping hole 411 by welding or other fastening methods; the connecting part 200 is detachably connected to the positioning part 300, and the detachable connection is threaded or clipped.

The specific structure of the clamping connection in this embodiment is as follows: the positioning component 300 includes a positioning cylinder 310 and an assembly protrusion 320, the positioning cylinder 310 is used to fit outside the tapping hole 411, and the positioning cylinder 310 is in the shape of a hollow sleeve; The assembly protrusion 320 is disposed on the bottom of the positioning cylinder 310 (as shown in FIG. 6 ).

The top of the connecting part 200 is provided with an assembly member 230, and the assembly member 230 is provided with a through hole. Cooperate, assembly member 230 can be sleeved on the outside of positioning cylinder 310; And assembly member 230 is provided with the assembly groove 231 (as shown in Figure 4 and Figure 5) that cooperates with assembly projection 320; Rotation assembly member 230 makes assembly The groove 231 is adapted to the assembly protrusion 320 of the positioning part 300, and the connection part 200 can be set on the outside of the positioning cylinder 310, and then the connection part 200 is rotated so that the assembly groove 231 of the connection part 200 and the assembly protrusion 320 are alternately distributed. That is, the assembly member 230 is snapped onto the assembly protrusion 320 of the positioning component 300 , so that the connection component 200 is installed on the positioning component 300 . The installation process is simple and convenient. If the protective sleeve 100 is damaged, a new tapping protection tube can be replaced in time.

Example 7

The basic content of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 1, the difference is that: the lower part of the assembly member 230 of the connecting part 200 is provided with a limiting plate 240 (as shown in Figure 7), and the center of the limiting plate 240 is provided with a through hole. The inner diameter of the hole is between the inner diameter and the outer diameter of the tapping hole 411, that is, the inner diameter of the tapping hole 411<the inner diameter of the through hole<the outer diameter of the tapping hole 411, so that the limiting plate 240 can limit the tapping hole 411 The lower moving limit can ensure normal tapping.

The tapping hole 411 matches the through hole at the center of the limiting plate 240 . The molten steel flows out from the tap hole 411, and the molten steel flows into the protective sleeve 100 through the center of the limiting plate 240; the limiting plate 240 is used to control the downward movement limit of the assembly protrusion 320, so as to avoid the positioning part 300 from being loaded into the assembly during the assembly process. The connection part 200 is too deep, which improves the assembly efficiency and avoids collision damage between the connection part 200 and the positioning part 300 .

At the same time, in the process of tapping the molten steel, the molten steel flows from the tapping hole 411 to the protective sleeve 100, because there is a gap between the molten steel, the protective sleeve 100 and the accommodation cavity 210 in the connecting part 200, the surface of the molten steel will drive The air flows and convects the gas on the surface of the molten steel. The limiting plate 240 divides the space of the accommodation cavity 210 in the connecting part 200 while limiting the position, divides the space of the accommodation cavity 210 into two independent spaces, limits the convection of the gas on the surface of the molten steel, and inhibits the gas from flowing in the protection zone. The violent flow in the casing 100 limits the diffusion of harmful gases in the air to the molten steel; at the same time, it also limits the convective heat transfer of the air on the surface of the molten steel, reducing the temperature drop of the molten steel in the protective casing 100 and reducing the The temperature drop during the tapping process.

Example 8

The basic content of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 1, except that the outer diameter of the outer arc surface 321 of the bump is the same as the inner diameter of the housing cavity 210 (as shown in FIG. 6 ), and the outer arc surface 321 of the bump can be snapped together. Inside the accommodating chamber 210 , the positioning part 300 and the connecting part 200 are prevented from sliding against each other in the horizontal direction, thereby improving assembly efficiency and improving the centering degree between the axis of the tapping hole 411 and the axis of the protection sleeve 100 .

Example 9

The basic content of this embodiment is the same as that of Embodiment 6, except that: the electric furnace body 400 is provided with an electric furnace tapping box 410, and the bottom of the electric furnace tapping box 410 is provided with a tapping hole 411, and the tapping hole 411 is connected to the The included angle in the vertical direction is ε, ε is the tapping angle of the electric furnace, ε is the tapping angle in the normal tapping process, and the range of ε is 10-15°, preferably 12° in this embodiment, and the tapping protection pipe is installed on Behind the tapping port 411, the tapping protection tube is coaxial with the tapping port 411, that is, the axis of the tapping protection tube and the tapping port 411 are on the same straight line. Therefore, after the tapping protection pipe is installed in the tapping hole 411, the included angle between the tapping protection pipe and the vertical direction is also ε (as shown in FIG. 10 ).

During the tapping process, the tilting mechanism 430 is driven, the electric furnace body 400 is tilted under the action of the eccentric furnace bottom 420, and at the same time, the tapping box 410 of the electric furnace is driven to tilt, so that molten steel flows from the electric furnace body 400 to In the tapping box 410 of the electric furnace, when the inclination angle of the electric furnace body 400 reaches ε=12°, the tapping protection pipe remains vertical (as shown in Figure 11 ), and the molten steel flows into the tapping protection pipe from the tapping port 411 , under the action of gravity, it flows out vertically from the tapping protection pipe. And the tapping protection pipe is coaxial with the tapping port 411, the inner diameter of the protective sleeve 100 of the tapping protection pipe is greater than the diameter of the tapping port 411, and when the molten steel flows vertically through the tapping protection tube, the molten steel does not contact the protective casing 100. The inner wall of the protective sleeve 100 is in contact with the molten steel, or the molten steel is not completely in contact with the inner wall of the protective sleeve 100, thereby reducing the erosion of the inner wall of the protective sleeve 100 by the molten steel and improving the service life.

Example 10

A method for protecting the tapping of an electric furnace in this embodiment, the electric furnace installs the tapping protection tube at the lower part of the tapping hole 411 before tapping, and molten steel flows into the tapping protection tube from the tapping hole 411 during the tapping process , the tapping protection pipe protects the molten steel during the tapping process, the inner diameter of the protective sleeve 100 of the tapping protection pipe is greater than the diameter of the tapping hole 411, and when the molten steel flows through the protective sleeve 100, it meets the inner wall of the protective sleeve 100 There is a gap between them, and the molten steel does not contact the inner wall of the protective sleeve 100, or the molten steel does not completely contact the inner wall of the protective sleeve 100, which reduces the erosion of the inner wall of the protective sleeve 100 by the molten steel and improves the service life. Moreover, the tapping protection tube establishes a relatively closed molten steel channel, which effectively limits the gas flow on the surface of the molten steel, thereby limiting the diffusion of harmful gases in the air to the molten steel, greatly reducing the amount of molten steel adsorbing harmful gases such as nitrogen and hydrogen, and improving the quality of the steel.

A kind of electric furnace protection tapping method of the present embodiment, concrete steps are as follows:

S1. Before the electric furnace smelting is completed, install the tapping protection tube on the lower part of the tapping port 411, and make the tapping protection tube coaxial with the tapping port 411;

S2. When the molten steel smelting is completed, the ladle is transported to the tapping position, and then the tilting mechanism 430 is driven, so that the electric furnace body 400 is tilted under the action of the eccentric furnace bottom 420;

S3. When the inclination angle reaches 1/2-2/3ε, which is 8° in this embodiment, open the supporting plate of the tapping hole 411 to start tapping, and the molten steel flows from the tapping hole 411 to the tapping protection pipe, The molten steel in the protective tube flows into the protective sleeve 100 through the accommodation chamber 210 of the connecting part 200, and there is a gap between the molten steel and the inner wall of the protective sleeve 100; continue to drive the tilting mechanism 430 to make the inclination angle of the electric furnace body 400 reach the tapping angle ε, ε is 10-15°, and the present embodiment is 12°. The molten steel continuously flows from the tapping hole 411 to the tapping protection pipe, and keeps the inclination angle of the electric furnace body 400 until the tapping is completed; when the tapping of molten steel reaches 96%, the furnace The body tilts back to a horizontal position at 3°/s to avoid or reduce the flow of slag from the tapping hole 411 into the ladle, thereby realizing slag-free tapping.

A kind of method for electric furnace protection tapping of the present embodiment, in the process of tapping, molten steel flows into the tapping protection pipe from the tapping hole 411, and the tapping protection pipe protects the molten steel during the tapping process, reducing air The adsorption capacity of molten steel for harmful gases such as nitrogen and hydrogen; and it can effectively reduce the temperature loss in the tapping process and reduce the energy consumption of steelmaking.

When tapping the electric furnace in the prior art, when the inclination angle of the electric furnace body 400 reaches 3-5°, the tapping port 411 supporting plate is opened for tapping. In this embodiment, when the tapping angle reaches 8°, the supporting plate is removed to start tapping. Thereby form bigger molten steel static pressure on the top of tapping hole 411, and make just right to the filler inside tapping hole 411 produce bigger pressure, and then the filler inside tapping hole 411 can produce bigger pressure at the initial stage of tapping. Spraying at the receiving groove 221 with a large spray angle reduces the impact of the filler at the tapping hole 411 on the quality of molten steel, and when the tapping angle reaches 8°, the supporting plate is removed to start tapping, which can reduce the impact of molten steel on the tapping process. Corrosion degree of steel protection pipe.

The utility model relates to an electric furnace capable of protecting steel tapping. During production, the device is installed between the electric furnace and the ladle to establish a closed molten steel channel. Physical methods are used to effectively isolate the molten steel from contact with air, greatly reducing the impact of molten steel on nitrogen, hydrogen, and hydrogen. It can effectively reduce the heat loss of molten steel and reduce the temperature drop of molten steel during the tapping process. The quality of molten steel is improved, and by reducing the temperature drop in the tapping process, the tapping temperature can be further reduced, which greatly saves the production cost of the electric furnace. Of course, the device can also be used in other steelmaking furnaces for the protection of molten steel in the tapping process.

The utility model has been described in detail above in conjunction with specific exemplary embodiments. However, it should be understood that various modifications and changes can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention as defined in the appended claims. The detailed description and drawings are to be regarded as illustrative only, rather than restrictive, and if there are any such modifications and variations, they are intended to fall within the scope of the invention described herein. In addition, the background art is intended to illustrate the current research and development status and significance of this technology, and is not intended to limit the utility model or the application field of the utility model.

More specifically, although exemplary embodiments of the present invention have been described herein, the present invention is not limited to these embodiments but includes modifications, modifications, Any and all embodiments are omitted, combined (eg, between various embodiments), adapted, and/or substituted. The definitions in the claims are to be interpreted broadly according to the language used in the claims and not limited to the examples described in the foregoing detailed description or during the prosecution of this application, which examples should be considered non-exclusive. For example, in the present invention, the term "preferably" is not exclusive, and here it means "preferably, but not limited to". Any steps recited in any method or process claims may be performed in any order and are not limited to the order presented in the claims. Accordingly, the scope of the present invention should be determined only by the appended claims and their legal equivalents, rather than by the description and examples given above.

Claims (8)

1. A kind of electric furnace that can protect tapping, it is characterized in that: comprise electric furnace body (400) and tapping protection tube, described electric furnace body (400) is provided with tapping port (411), described tapping A tapping protection tube is installed on the outlet (411), and the tapping protection tube includes a protection casing (100) and a connecting part (200), and the connecting part (200) is used to connect with the tapping port (411); The casing inlet end (110) of the protective casing (100) is connected to the connecting part (200), and forms a through-going tapping protection pipe, and the molten steel flows from the tapping hole (411) through the connecting part (200) to A protective sleeve (100), the inner diameter of the protective sleeve (100) is greater than the diameter of the tapping hole (411), and there is a gap between the molten steel flowing through the protective sleeve (100) and the inner wall of the protective sleeve (100). gap. 2. A kind of electric furnace capable of protecting tapping according to claim 1, characterized in that: the electric furnace body (400) is provided with an electric furnace tapping box (410), and the lower part of the electric furnace tapping box (410) is provided with a tapping box (410). The steel opening (411), the angle between the tapping opening (411) and the vertical direction is ε, ε is the tapping angle of the electric furnace, and the tapping protection tube is coaxial with the tapping opening (411). 3. A kind of electric furnace capable of protecting tapping according to claim 1, characterized in that: the protective casing (100) of the tapping protection pipe is a tapered tube, and the casing inlet end of the protective casing (100) The inner diameter of (110) is smaller than the inner diameter of the casing outlet end (120), and the inner diameter of the casing inlet end (110) is larger than the diameter of the tapping hole (411). 4. An electric furnace capable of protecting tapping according to claim 1, characterized in that: the connecting part (200) of the tapping protection tube is provided with an accommodating chamber (210), and the accommodating chamber (210) is used to be set in The outside of the tap hole (411). 5. The electric furnace capable of protecting tapping according to claim 4, characterized in that: the tube wall of the protective casing (100) is provided with a casing (104), a heat insulating layer (102) in sequence from outside to inside ) and refractory layer (101). 6. The electric furnace capable of protecting tapping according to any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that: the tapping hole (411) is fixedly connected with a positioning component (300), and the tapping protection tube The connecting part (200) is detachably connected to the positioning part (300), and the tapping protection pipe is installed on the positioning part (300) through the connecting part (200). 7. An electric furnace capable of protecting tapping according to claim 6, characterized in that: the positioning component (300) includes a positioning cylinder (310) and an assembly bump (320), and the positioning cylinder (310) is used for It is set on the outside of the tapping hole (411); the assembly bump (320) is arranged on the bottom of the positioning cylinder (310). 8. An electric furnace capable of protecting tapping according to claim 7, characterized in that: the top of the connecting part (200) is provided with an assembly member (230), and the inner arc surface of the assembly member (230) (232) is matched with the positioning cylinder (310); the assembly member (230) is provided with an assembly groove (231) matching with the assembly projection (320); the rotation assembly member (230) makes the assembly groove (231 ) is adapted to the assembly bump (320) of the positioning component (300), and the connecting component (200) is installed on the positioning component (300).