CN206327551U - Far-reaching extra large transportable buoy base is plugged into box oceanographic observation system - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a buoy base-junction box ocean observation system that can be migrated in deep and open seas, which includes a buoy component, a photoelectric composite cable and a junction box component; the photoelectric composite cable connects the buoy component and the connection box component, and the buoy component It is used to collect sea surface data, provide power to the junction box assembly through the photoelectric composite cable, and send control instructions to the junction box assembly. The junction box assembly is used to collect seabed and water body data and send the seabed and water body data through the photoelectric composite cable to the buoy assembly. The marine observation system of the utility model can realize the three-dimensional observation targets of the sea surface, the sea bottom and the water body.

Description

Deep sea portable buoy-connector box ocean observation system

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of marine data collection, in particular to a buoy base-connection box marine observation system that can be migrated in deep and open seas.

Background technique

With the development of marine hydrological monitoring and seabed observation network technology, the requirements for mobile fixed-base ocean observation systems are getting higher and higher. In particular, how to establish a three-dimensional fixed observation system for the seabed, water body, and sea surface is limited by energy, communication, and other aspects. The number of observation instruments on board is gradually increasing, and the energy supply required is increasing. The existing observation methods are difficult to obtain multidisciplinary and three-dimensional comparative observation data in terms of space and time, and the observation costs and observation methods are also different.

Therefore, it is necessary to develop a device that can realize the three-dimensional observation of the sea surface, water body, and seabed, obtain data with comparative significance from multidisciplinary observations, and have the characteristics of portability, laying, and low maintenance costs, so as to meet the needs of transportable and fixed bases. , Stereo observation needs.

Utility model content

The main technical problem to be solved by the utility model is to provide a buoy base-junction box ocean observation system capable of realizing three-dimensional observation of the sea surface, water body and seabed, which can be moved in deep and open seas.

In order to solve the above-mentioned technical problems, a technical solution adopted by the utility model is to provide a buoy base-junction box marine observation system that can be migrated in deep and open seas, which includes buoy components, photoelectric composite cables and junction box components; The cable connects the buoy assembly and the junction box assembly. The buoy assembly is used to collect sea surface data, provide power to the junction box assembly through the photoelectric composite cable, and send control instructions to the junction box assembly. The junction box assembly is used to collect seabed and water bodies. The data and the seabed and water body data are sent to the buoy assembly through the photoelectric composite cable.

Among them, the ocean observation system further includes a photoelectric separation box, the optical fiber connector for information transmission and the electrical connector for energy supply of the buoy assembly are respectively inserted into the optical fiber connector and electrical connector of the photoelectric separation box through the photoelectric slip ring, and the photoelectric The composite cable is connected to the photoelectric separation box.

Among them, the ocean observation system further includes a rotary connection device. The rotary connection device includes a connecting frame, a universal joint and a bearing group. The connecting frame connects the universal joint and the bearing group. At the center hole of the buoy, the photoelectric slip ring is used to connect the optical fiber connector and the electrical connector of the buoy assembly to the photoelectric separation box. The photoelectric slip ring passes through the center of the universal joint and fixes the buoy The rotational movement of the assembly and the rotational movement of the optical fiber composite cable are separated.

The bearing set includes two thrust bearings, the inner rings of the two thrust bearings clamp and fix the photoelectric separation box, the outer rings of the two thrust bearings are fixed on the connecting frame, and the photoelectric slip ring is fixed to the connecting frame.

Among them, the buoy components include: buoys and power generation equipment installed on the buoys, communication equipment, inverter and boost controllers, energy and data acquisition controllers, sea surface observation instruments, inverter and boost controllers connected to power generation equipment, Communication equipment, energy and data acquisition controllers, sea surface observation instruments and photoelectric separation boxes, the photoelectric separation boxes are connected to junction box components through photoelectric composite cables, energy and data acquisition controllers are connected to communication equipment, photoelectric separation boxes and sea surface observation instruments ; The inverter and boost controller are used to convert the voltage generated by the power generation equipment and then supply power to the buoy component and the junction box component through the photoelectric composite cable; the energy and data acquisition controller is used to control the acquisition frequency of the sea surface observation instrument and Receive sea surface data collected by sea surface observation instruments, control junction box components and receive seabed and water body data collected by junction box components, communication equipment receive data collected by energy and data acquisition controllers, and establish communication connections with shore-based equipment .

Among them, power generation equipment includes solar panels and wind turbines.

Among them, the communication equipment is Beidou/Iridium communication equipment, or offshore surface waveguide communication equipment/wireless communication equipment, and the communication equipment further includes an underwater acoustic communication device for collecting observation data of other submarine equipment.

Among them, the junction box assembly includes a seabed junction box, a seabed observer and a water body observation chain. The seabed observer is arranged on the seabed junction box. Convert the photoelectric signal, convert the working voltage, and receive the seabed data collected by the seabed observer and the water body data collected by the water body observation chain.

Among them, the inverter and boost controller convert the voltage generated by the power generation equipment into 150V ~ 400V DC, and the 150V ~ 400V DC is supplied to the submarine junction box by the photoelectric composite cable through the power supply interface of the photoelectric separation box, and the submarine junction box Convert 150V-400V DC to 12V/24V DC to charge/power the submarine observer, and convert 150V-400V DC to AC to magnetize the plastic-coated steel cable of the water body observation chain, and then load the energy and signal on the plastic-coated steel cable.

Among them, the seabed junction box is also used to detect the temperature in the cabin, and control the data collection frequency, start and stop of the seabed observer and the water body observation chain.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are: compared with the prior art, the buoy base-junction box marine observation system of the utility model that can be moved in the deep sea uses a photoelectric composite cable to connect the buoy assembly and the junction box assembly, and the photoelectric composite cable Realize the energy supply from the buoy component to the junction box component, and realize the information transmission between the buoy component and the junction box component, so as to realize the three-dimensional observation target of the sea surface, the bottom of the sea, and the water body.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structure schematic diagram of the buoy base-receiving box marine observation system of the utility model that can migrate in the deep sea;

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of circuit connections of some components of the ocean observation system shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a structural diagram of some components of the ocean observing system shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of control and information transmission of the submarine junction box of the ocean observation system shown in Fig. 1;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the magnetized water body observation chain of the submarine connection box of the ocean observation system shown in Fig. 1;

6A-6E are process diagrams of deploying the ocean observation system shown in FIG. 1 .

detailed description

Please refer to Fig. 1, the buoy base-junction box ocean observation system that can be moved in the deep sea of the utility model includes a buoy assembly (not marked), a photoelectric composite cable 11 and a junction box assembly (not marked), and the photoelectric composite cable 11 is connected to the buoy The component and the junction box component realize the energy supply from the buoy component to the junction box component through the photoelectric composite cable 11, and realize the information transmission between the buoy component and the junction box component. The information transmission includes control signal transmission and data transmission; In other words, the buoy assembly is used to collect sea surface data, supply energy (that is, provide power) to the junction box assembly through the photoelectric composite cable, and send control instructions to the junction box assembly, which is used to collect seabed and water body data And send the seabed and water body data to the buoy component through the photoelectric composite cable. The utility model replaces the traditional anchor chain of the buoy with a photoelectric composite cable, which can realize the function of energy transmission from the seabed to the seabed, and the observation data from the seabed to the seabed. Stereoscopic observation of surface, water body and seabed. The length of the photoelectric composite cable 11 can be set according to the water depth of the sea area where it is deployed.

Further, referring to FIG. 2 , the buoy assembly includes a buoy 1 , a power generation device (not shown), a communication device 2 , an inverter and boost controller 5 , an energy and data acquisition controller 6 , and a sea surface observation instrument 7 . Power generation equipment, communication equipment 2, inverter and boost controller 5, energy and data acquisition controller 6 and sea surface observation instrument 7 are all set on buoy 1; inverter and boost controller 5 is connected to power generation device and communication equipment 2. Energy and data acquisition controller 6, sea surface observation instrument 7 and photoelectric separation box 10, photoelectric separation box 10 is connected to junction box assembly through photoelectric composite cable 11, energy and data acquisition controller 6 is connected to communication equipment 2, photoelectric separation Box 10 and sea surface observation instrument 7.

In this embodiment, the power generation equipment includes a fan 3 and a solar panel 4 . The fan 3 generates unstable alternating current, and the solar panel 4 generates direct current. Both the fan 3 and the solar panel 4 are connected to the inverter and boost controller 5 . In the utility model, the buoy assembly is used as the source of energy supply. By carrying the fan 3, the amount of energy available for observation is greatly improved. The number and size of the fan 3 and the size of the buoy 1 can be configured according to the observation requirements of the submarine junction box 12. overall size.

The inverter and boost controller 5 is used to convert the voltage generated by the power generation equipment to supply power to the buoy assembly and to supply energy (ie power supply) to the junction box assembly through the photoelectric composite cable 11 . Specifically, the inverter and boost controller 5 is used to convert the voltage generated by the wind turbine 3 and the solar panel 4 into a unified 12V/24V direct current for the communication equipment 2, the energy and data acquisition controller 6 and the marine power set on the buoy 1. The surface observation instrument 7 supplies power, and the inverter and boost controller 5 is also used to convert the voltage generated by the fan 3 and the solar panel 4 into 150V-400V direct current, and supplies power to the subsea junction box assembly through the photoelectric composite cable 11 .

The energy and data acquisition controller 6 is used to control the sea surface observation instrument 7 and receive the sea surface data collected by the sea surface observation instrument, control the junction box assembly and receive the seabed and water body data collected by the junction box assembly. The energy and data acquisition controller 6 controls the sea surface observation instrument 7, which is embodied as controlling the observation time and observation frequency of the sea surface observation instrument 7; Temperature measurement, water leakage detection, voltage detection, current detection, etc.

The communication device 2 receives the data collected by the energy and data collection controller 6 and establishes a communication connection with the shore-based device. Specifically, when the ocean observation system is applied at a location more than 500 kilometers away from shore-based equipment, the communication equipment can be Beidou/Iridium communication equipment. At this time, the communication equipment establishes a communication connection with the communication satellite, and further communicates with the shore-based equipment through the communication satellite The equipment establishes a connection and transfers through the communication satellite, so that the communication equipment can transmit the collected data to the shore-based equipment, and the shore-based equipment can remotely control the ocean observation system. Due to the low transmission rate of Beidou/Iridium communication equipment, when the ocean observation system is located at a near-shore location less than 500 kilometers away from shore-based equipment, preferably, the communication equipment chooses offshore surface waveguide communication equipment to communicate with Beidou/Iridium Compared with equipment, the transmission rate of offshore surface waveguide communication equipment can be increased by more than 100 times. When the ocean observation system is in the debugging stage, and the ocean observation system is within ten kilometers from the mother ship or the near shore, the communication device 2 can also choose a wireless communication device with a lower price. In addition, the communication device 2 can also be equipped with an underwater acoustic communication device to collect observation data of other submarine devices.

The junction box assembly includes a seabed junction box 12 , a seabed observation instrument 13 and a water body observation chain 14 . The seabed observation instrument 13 is arranged on the seabed junction box 12 , and the seabed junction box 12 is connected with the water body observation chain 14 and the photoelectric composite cable 11 . The seabed junction box 12 is used for converting photoelectric signals, converting working voltage, and receiving the seabed data collected by the seabed observer 13 and the water body data collected by the water body observation chain.

Please refer to FIG. 4 , an optical transceiver is installed on the submarine junction box 12, and the optical transceiver is used for converting photoelectric signals and setting a voltage converter. The voltage converter is used to convert the direct current of 150V～400V (the embodiment shown in Figure 4 is 375V) provided by the inverter and boost controller 5 into a direct current of 12V/24V for power supply/charging of the seabed observer 13, and Convert the 150V-400V (375V in the embodiment shown in FIG. 4 ) DC power provided by the inverter and boost controller 5 into AC power to magnetize the plastic-coated steel cable of the water body observation chain 14, and then load the energy and signal on the plastic-coated steel cable. cable.

The voltage range provided by the inverter and boost controller is usually 150V-400V, so the subsea junction box 12 can provide a variety of optional voltage interfaces within this voltage range, and select different voltages for different deployment depths. Generally, the deeper the deployment depth, the greater the required voltage value, and energy consumption can be reduced by selecting different voltages.

The seabed junction box 12 is also used to detect the temperature in the cabin, and control the data collection frequency, start and stop of the seabed observer 13 and the water body observation chain. The subsea junction box 12 can also know the working status of the subsea junction box 12 and monitor the working status of the subsea observation instrument 13 through water leakage detection, voltage detection and current detection.

Different from the junction boxes in the prior art that are only placed on the seabed and powered by the shore, the submarine junction box 12 in the utility model also has the function of a submarine mooring system, and the submarine junction box 12 is further equipped with an acoustic release device. The recovery of the subsea junction box 12 is facilitated. The subsea junction box 12 has both the subsea mooring and recovery functions. The specific method is as follows: the subsea junction box 12 is equipped with an acoustic release device, the bottom of the subsea junction box is connected to a gravity anchor block, and the upper part of the subsea junction box 12 is placed with buoyancy material , using a single-point mooring method, the deployment and recovery can be completed by only one mother ship; when deploying, the gravity of the gravity anchor block is used to make the entire connection box sink to the bottom of the water; when recovering, first give the acoustic releaser Send a release signal to separate the gravity anchor block from the seabed junction box 12. Because the buoyancy material is placed on the top of the seabed junction box 12, the overall gravity is less than the buoyancy, and finally floats freely. The whole process can be completed by using a mother ship.

The seabed observer 13 may include but is not limited to sensors capable of realizing temperature, salinity, and flow velocity, so as to achieve the purpose of observing and obtaining seabed data.

In order to carry the water body observation chain 14, an inductive coupler is further arranged on the seabed connection box 12; the outer side of the water body observation chain 14 is provided with plastic-coated steel cables, and the inside is provided with a plurality of sensors at intervals along the height direction. The length of the water body observation chain 14 and the number of sensors Proportional to water depth. Please further combine with Fig. 5, the subsea junction box 12 firstly converts the direct current of 150V to 400V into a 400V alternating current through the DC-HFAC pressure chamber, and uses medium voltage and higher power to magnetize the plastic-coated steel cable of the water body observation chain to convert the energy and Signals are loaded on plastic-coated steel cables. At the end of the water body observation chain 14, the observation instrument resolves the magnetic flux into energy and signals through the HFAC-DC pressure-resistant cabin. The energy received by the plastic-coated steel cable is used to charge/power the sensors on the water body observation chain 14. On the one hand, the control signal is transmitted, for example, to control the sampling frequency of the sensors on the water body observation chain 14 ; on the other hand, the water body sensing chain 14 further transmits the sampling data back to the subsea junction box 12 through the magnetized plastic-coated steel cable. The length of the plastic-coated steel cable can be selected according to the power. The traditional submarine connection box realizes the observation of the seabed without observing the water body. The inductive coupling mode of the existing submarine observation chain has low power supply, or the submersible observation chain is powered by a battery, and the energy supply is one-time, which is difficult to mount. Multi-sensor, the sampling frequency of the sensor is relatively high, the deployment depth of the traditional submarine buoy observation chain is limited due to the low power of the plastic-coated steel cable.

Please combine with Fig. 3, further, the marine observation system of the present utility model further includes a photoelectric separation box 10 and a rotary connection device 9, both of which are arranged on the buoy assembly.

The purpose of the photoelectric separation box 10 is to realize the separation of the optical fiber and the power supply interface of the photoelectric composite cable 11 . The buoy assembly further includes an optical transceiver (not marked) and a photoelectric slip ring 8 . The energy and data acquisition controller 6 is connected to the optical transceiver, so that the energy and data acquisition controller 6 establishes a connection relationship with the photoelectric slip ring 8 through the optical transceiver. The optical transceiver is used to realize the conversion of the photoelectric signal, that is, the optical transceiver converts the control signal sent by the energy and data acquisition controller 6 to the junction box assembly from an electrical signal to an optical signal, and converts the seabed and water body data transmitted by the photoelectric composite cable 11 from Optical signals are converted into electrical signals. The energy and data acquisition controller 6 of the buoy assembly is used to realize the information transmission between the buoy assembly and the junction box assembly, and the inverter and boost controller 5 of the buoy assembly is used to supply energy, energy and data to the junction box assembly The acquisition controller 6 converts the electrical signal into an optical signal through an optical transceiver and connects it to the photoelectric slip ring 8, and the inverter and boost controller 5 are also connected to the photoelectric slip ring 8; through the photoelectric slip ring 8, the buoy components are used for information transmission The optical fiber connector and the electrical connector for energy supply are respectively inserted into the optical fiber connector and the electrical connector of the photoelectric separation box 10. The photoelectric composite cable 11 is connected to the photoelectric separation box 10 . The photoelectric separation box 10 is used to establish a connection between the buoy assembly and the photoelectric composite cable 11 , and then provide power for the junction box assembly through the photoelectric composite cable 11 and establish information transmission between the buoy assembly and the junction box assembly.

The rotating connection device is used to bear the pulling force of the photoelectric composite cable, and restrain the influence of the rotation and swing of the photoelectric composite cable on the buoy assembly. The rotating device 9 includes a connecting frame, a universal joint and a bearing group, the connecting frame connects the universal joint and the bearing group, and the photoelectric slip ring 8 is put into the center hole of the cross shaft of the universal joint of the rotating connecting device, and the photoelectric slip ring is used for The optical and electrical connectors of the buoy assembly are rotatably connected to the photoelectric separation box 10 . After the photoelectric slip ring 8 passes through the center of the universal joint, the bearing group is relatively fixed to the photoelectric separation box 10 to separate the rotation of the buoy assembly from the rotation of the photoelectric composite cable.

Specifically, the bearing set includes two thrust bearings, the photoelectric separation box 10 is clamped and fixed by the inner rings of the two thrust bearings, the outer rings of the two bearings are fixed on the connecting frame, and the photoelectric slip ring is fixed to the connecting frame. The photoelectric slip ring nested to the load-bearing device 8 is used to prevent the torsion effect of the photoelectric composite cable 11 on the buoy 1 caused by the rotation of the photoelectric composite cable 11. The universal joint structure of the rotating connection device 9 can reduce the impact of the photoelectric composite cable 11 on the swing of the buoy 1. And transmit the pulling force from the photoelectric composite cable 11 to the buoy 1 . Through the setting of the load-bearing device 8, the photoelectric separation box 10 and the rotary connection device 9, the effective isolation of the photoelectric composite cable 11 and the buoy 1 in motion interference is realized, and energy transmission and information transmission are realized.

The complete process of energy transfer from the buoy assembly to the junction box assembly is as follows: the inverter and booster controller 5 converts the voltage generated by the self-generating equipment into 150V-400V direct current, and the 150V-400V direct current passes through the photoelectric separation box 10 The power supply interface is supplied by the photoelectric composite cable 11 to the submarine junction box 12, and the submarine junction box 12 converts the 150V-400V direct current into a 12V/24V direct current to supply power for the submarine observer 13, and converts the 150V-400V direct current The plastic-coated steel cable of the water body observation chain 14 is magnetized after alternating current, and then energy and signals are loaded on the plastic-coated steel cable.

Based on the photoelectric composite cable 11, the utility model establishes a buoy base-junction box ocean observation system that can be migrated in deep and open seas, which can obtain multidisciplinary, comparatively significant, high temporal and spatial resolution data from the sea surface, water body, and seabed. Data, observation time is long; there is no need to deploy a fixed observation network on the seabed, it has the characteristics of mobility, it can be flexibly deployed according to observation needs, and it can be recovered after completing the observation task, with low cost.

In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solution of the utility model patent, the deployment and recovery process of the ocean observation system will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Please further combine Fig. 6A-Fig. 6E, a buoy base-junction box submarine observation system that can be transported in deep and open sea, adopts the way of double winch deployment, and its deployment and recovery process.

Deploy the first winch and the second winch on a mother ship. First, the connection between the submarine junction box 12 and the photoelectric composite cable 11 is completed, and the submarine junction box 12 is laid first, and then the photoelectric composite cable 11 is laid by the first winch.

When the laying of the photoelectric composite cable 11 is almost completed, fix the photoelectric composite cable 11 on the second winch, and use the winch to bear the pulling force of the photoelectric composite cable 11 .

After the photoelectric composite cable 11 is fixed to the second winch, connect the photoelectric separation box 10 at the end of the photoelectric composite cable 11 to the tail cone of the buoy 1 on the supporting mother ship.

After the buoy 1 is connected to the photoelectric composite cable 11, the pulling force of the submarine junction box 12 on the photoelectric composite cable 11 is borne by the second winch, and the buoy 1 is deployed by the first winch in this state. After the buoy 1 and the subsea connection box 12 are all deployed, the mother ship leaves the work site, and uses the gravity of the photoelectric composite cable 11 to slowly fall into the water to complete the connection between the buoy 1 and the photoelectric composite cable 11 .

After the buoy 1 and the photoelectric composite cable 11 are completely dropped into the water, the water body observation chain 14 is wet plugged and unplugged through the unmanned remote control vehicle ROV, and connected to the submarine junction box 12 to complete energy supply and information transmission.

The recovery method can be completed according to the reverse process of the above mechanism. The difference is that the submarine connection box 12 needs to be equipped with an acoustic releaser, and the connection box and the load-bearing anchor block are separated by using the acoustic releaser, and the heavy anchor block is no longer recovered; The buoyancy material is mounted on the junction box, and after the heavy anchor block is released, the buoyancy of the junction box assembly is greater than gravity, and finally emerges from the water.

Compared with the prior art, the buoy base-junction box ocean observation system that can be moved in the deep sea of the utility model uses the photoelectric composite cable 11 to connect the buoy assembly and the junction box assembly, and realizes the connection of the buoy assembly to the junction box assembly through the photoelectric composite cable 11. The energy transmission of the box assembly, and the information transmission between the buoy assembly and the connection box assembly, so as to realize the three-dimensional observation target of the sea surface, the seabed, and the water body.

The above is only the embodiment of the utility model, and does not limit the patent scope of the utility model. Any equivalent structure or equivalent process transformation made by using the utility model specification and accompanying drawings, or directly or indirectly used in other Related technical fields are all included in the patent protection scope of the present utility model in the same way.

Claims (8)

1. A buoy base-junction box ocean observation system that can be moved in deep and open seas is characterized in that, the ocean observation system includes a buoy assembly, a photoelectric composite cable and a junction box assembly; the photoelectric composite cable is connected to the buoy assembly and the junction box assembly, the buoy assembly is used to collect sea surface data, supply energy to the junction box assembly through the photoelectric composite cable, and send control instructions to the junction box assembly, the junction box assembly The breaker assembly is used for collecting seabed and water body data and sending the seabed and water body data to the buoy assembly through the photoelectric composite cable. 2. The ocean observation system according to claim 1, wherein the ocean observation system further comprises a photoelectric separation box, an optical fiber connector for information transmission and an electrical connector for energy supply of the buoy assembly The optical fiber connector and the electrical connector of the photoelectric separation box are respectively inserted through the photoelectric slip ring, and the photoelectric composite cable is connected to the photoelectric separation box. 3. The ocean observation system according to claim 2, characterized in that, the ocean observation system further comprises a rotary connection device, the rotation connection device includes a connecting frame, a universal joint and a bearing set, and the connecting frame connects the The universal joint and the bearing set, the photoelectric slip ring is installed in the center hole of the cross shaft of the universal joint of the rotary connection device, and the photoelectric slip ring is used to connect the optical fiber connector, electrical The connector is rotatably connected to the photoelectric separation box, and the photoelectric slip ring passes through the center of the universal joint and is relatively fixed to the photoelectric separation box by using the bearing group, so that the rotation of the buoy assembly and the The rotation action of the above-mentioned photoelectric composite cable is used for separation. 4. The ocean observation system according to claim 3, wherein the bearing group comprises two thrust bearings, the inner rings of the two thrust bearings clamp and fix the photoelectric separation box, and the two thrust bearings The outer ring of the photoelectric slip ring is fixed on the connecting frame, and the photoelectric slip ring is fixed on the connecting frame. 5. The ocean observation system according to claim 1, wherein the buoy assembly comprises: a buoy and power generation equipment, communication equipment, inverter and boost controllers, energy and data acquisition equipment arranged on the buoy controller, sea surface observation instrument, the inverter and boost controller are connected to the power generation equipment, communication equipment, energy and data acquisition controller, sea surface observation instrument and photoelectric separation box, and the photoelectric separation box passes through the The photoelectric composite cable is connected to the junction box assembly, the energy and data acquisition controller is connected to the communication equipment, the photoelectric separation box and the sea surface observation instrument; the inverter and boost controller are used to generate Convert the voltage of the buoy assembly and then supply power to the junction box assembly through the photoelectric composite cable; the energy and data acquisition controller is used to control the acquisition frequency of the sea surface observation instrument and receive the The sea surface data collected by the sea surface observation instrument, controlling the junction box assembly and receiving the seabed and water body data collected by the junction box assembly, the communication equipment receiving the data collected by the energy and data acquisition controller and establishing Communication link with shore-based equipment. 6. The ocean observation system according to claim 5, wherein the power generation equipment includes solar panels and wind turbines. 7. The ocean observation system according to claim 5, wherein the communication device is a Beidou/Iridium communication device, or is an offshore surface waveguide communication device/wireless communication device, and the communication device further includes an underwater acoustic A communicator, used to collect observation data from other subsea equipment. 8. The marine observation system according to claim 2, wherein the junction box assembly comprises a seabed junction box, a seabed observer and a water body observation chain, and the seabed observer is arranged on the seabed junction box Above, the submarine junction box is connected to the water body observation chain and the photoelectric composite cable, and the submarine junction box is used to convert photoelectric signals, perform temperature detection in the cabin, convert operating voltage, control the submarine observer and the The frequency of data collection, startup and shutdown of the water body observation chain, and receiving the seabed data collected by the seabed observer and the water body data collected by the water body observation chain.