CN206096638U - Display panel and display device - Google Patents
Display panel and display device Download PDFInfo
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- CN206096638U CN206096638U CN201621160848.1U CN201621160848U CN206096638U CN 206096638 U CN206096638 U CN 206096638U CN 201621160848 U CN201621160848 U CN 201621160848U CN 206096638 U CN206096638 U CN 206096638U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses a display panel and display device, coupling through grating coupler structure specified pattern in to the ducting layer can realize the selection to light -emitting direction and colour, set up to [ no, ne ] through the refracting index with each grating coupler structure, later through the electrode structural adjustment applys the voltage on the liquid crystal layer, can realize the regulation of liquid crystal layer refracting index to realize showing the control of gray scale. Because the grating coupler structure to the selective action of light -emitting direction, consequently can be favorable to realizing the near -to -eye display that can simple eyely focus on. Because grating coupler structure only several grating period of need can be come out effective coupling in the light follow ducting layer, and grating period is generally smaller, therefore the pixel size can be very little, is favorable to realizing that high resolution shows. Because consequently the grating coupler structure can be saved various membrane and whole parts and all adopt transparent material to constitute to the selective action of light -emitting colour to the transparent demonstration and the virtual augmented reality that realize the high grade of transparency show.
Description
Technical field
This utility model is related to display technology field, more particularly to a kind of display floater and display device.
Background technology
At present, existing virtual/augmented reality shows and Transparence Display, is using the display panels of traditional structure
（LCD）And organic EL display panel（OLED）Realize, cannot accomplish the highly transparent of display floater, so as to affect face
The transmitance of plate rear light and the spectrum of transmission.
Also, with for the requirement more and more higher of display resolution, for high-resolution（PPI）Display device need
Ask also increasing.And the display device of high PPI is limited to processing technology, it is difficult to develop.
Also, the display panels of traditional structure（LCD）And organic EL display panel（OLED）Emergent light
Line is generally divergent rays, it is difficult to realize that the nearly eye for being capable of achieving simple eye focusing shows.
Utility model content
In view of this, this utility model embodiment provides a kind of display floater and display device, to adopt fiber waveguide
Realize showing.
Therefore, a kind of display floater that this utility model embodiment is provided, including：
The upper substrate put relatively and infrabasal plate；
The liquid crystal layer being arranged between the upper substrate and the infrabasal plate；
The infrabasal plate is arranged at towards the ducting layer of the side surface of the upper substrate one, the refractive index of the ducting layer is at least
More than the refractive index of the film layer that contacts with the ducting layer；
The multiple grating coupling structures for the ducting layer being arranged at towards the side surface of the upper substrate one and being arranged in array,
The refractive index of each grating coupling structure is [no, ne]；Wherein, no is liquid crystal molecule in the liquid crystal layer for o polarized light
Refractive index, ne be in the liquid crystal layer liquid crystal molecule for the refractive index of e polarized light；And,
The grating coupling structure is arranged at towards the side surface of the upper substrate one and with the grating coupling structure one by one
Corresponding electrode structure.
In a kind of possible implementation, in the above-mentioned display floater that this utility model embodiment is provided, the light
Grid coupled structure includes：Multiple spaced gratings strips, and be present between the grating between the two neighboring gratings strips
Gap；
The electrode structure includes：It is arranged at the multiple electricity in each gratings strips in the corresponding grating coupling structure
Pole bar；And the width of the electrode strip is not more than the width of the gratings strips.
It is each described in the above-mentioned display floater that this utility model embodiment is provided in a kind of possible implementation
The electrode strip that electrode structure is included is divided into：The electrode strip for loading the positivity signal of telecommunication that is arranged alternately and for loading negativity electricity
The electrode strip of signal.
In a kind of possible implementation, in the above-mentioned display floater that this utility model embodiment is provided, the light
Grid coupled structure is not more than the width of the gratings strips with the thickness sum of the electrode structure.
In a kind of possible implementation, in the above-mentioned display floater that this utility model embodiment is provided, the light
The thickness of grid coupled structure is 100nm-1 μm；
The electrode structure is transparent conductive material, and the thickness of the electrode structure is 50nm-1000nm；Or, the electricity
Pole structure is metal material, and the thickness of the electrode structure is 30nm-200nm.
In a kind of possible implementation, in the above-mentioned display floater that this utility model embodiment is provided, the light
Grating period A of the grid coupled structure from the controllable light wavelength lambda in the coupling luminous direction of the ducting layer and the grating coupling structure
Meet equation below：
2π/λ·Nm=2π/λ·ncsinθ+q2π/Λ(q=0,±1,±2,…)
Wherein, θ is the angle in coupling luminous direction and the ducting layer surface normal, NmFor the waveguide Es-region propagations guided mode
Effective refractive index, ncFor air refraction.
In a kind of possible implementation, in the above-mentioned display floater that this utility model embodiment is provided, also include：
The cushion being arranged between the ducting layer and the infrabasal plate.
It is described slow in the above-mentioned display floater that this utility model embodiment is provided in a kind of possible implementation
The thickness for rushing layer is 50nm-10 μm.
In a kind of possible implementation, in the above-mentioned display floater that this utility model embodiment is provided, the ripple
The thickness of conducting shell is 100nm-100 μm.
On the other hand, this utility model embodiment additionally provides a kind of display device, including：This utility model embodiment is carried
For above-mentioned display floater, and at least provided with the collimated back of a side of the ducting layer.
In a kind of possible implementation, in the above-mentioned display device that this utility model embodiment is provided, the standard
Straight backlight is the monochromatic mixed light that at least three kinds mono-colour laser chips send；Or, the collimated back is at least three kinds lists
Mixed light of the monochromatic light that color LED chip sends after collimating structure；The process that the collimated back sends for white LED chip
White light after collimating structure；Or, the collimated back is the light sent by the cathode fluorescent tube of strip through collimating structure
Collimated light afterwards.
In a kind of possible implementation, in the above-mentioned display device that this utility model embodiment is provided, the standard
Straight backlight is incident to the ducting layer perpendicular to the side of the ducting layer, or, being totally reflected bar in the ducting layer to meet
The angle of inclination of part is incident to the ducting layer.
It is each described in the above-mentioned display device that this utility model embodiment is provided in a kind of possible implementation
The refractive index of grating coupling structure is no；
The display device, also includes：The upper substrate is arranged at towards the side surface of the liquid crystal layer one and/or is arranged at
Both alignment layers of the electrode structure towards the side surface of the liquid crystal layer one；
Liquid crystal molecule inceptive direction is perpendicular to the upper substrate and the infrabasal plate in the liquid crystal layer.
It is each described in the above-mentioned display device that this utility model embodiment is provided in a kind of possible implementation
The refractive index of grating coupling structure for (no, ne]；
The display device, also includes：The upper substrate is arranged at towards the side surface of the liquid crystal layer one and/or is arranged at
Both alignment layers of the electrode structure towards the side surface of the liquid crystal layer one；
Polaroid of the upper substrate away from the side surface of the liquid crystal layer one is arranged at, or, the collimated back is collimation
Polarized light；
Liquid crystal molecule inceptive direction is perpendicular to the upper substrate and the infrabasal plate in the liquid crystal layer.
In a kind of possible implementation, in the above-mentioned display device that this utility model embodiment is provided, also include：
The upper substrate is arranged at towards the side surface of the liquid crystal layer one and/or the electrode structure is arranged at towards the liquid crystal layer one
The both alignment layers of side surface；And,
Polaroid of the upper substrate away from the side surface of the liquid crystal layer one is arranged at, or, the collimated back is collimation
Polarized light；
Liquid crystal molecule inceptive direction is parallel to the upper substrate and the infrabasal plate in the liquid crystal layer.
It is each described in the above-mentioned display device that this utility model embodiment is provided in a kind of possible implementation
The refractive index of grating coupling structure is (no, ne)；
Liquid crystal molecule in the liquid crystal layer is blue phase liquid crystal material.
It is each described in the above-mentioned display device that this utility model embodiment is provided in a kind of possible implementation
The refractive index of grating coupling structure is no or ne；
Liquid crystal molecule in the liquid crystal layer is blue phase liquid crystal material；
The display device, also includes：Polaroid of the upper substrate away from the side surface of the liquid crystal layer one is arranged at,
Or, the collimated back is collimation polarized light.
The beneficial effect of this utility model embodiment includes：
A kind of display floater and display device that this utility model embodiment is provided, by grating coupling structure to ducting layer
The coupling of middle AD HOC, it is possible to achieve the selection to light direction and color；By by the refractive index of each grating coupling structure
[no, ne] is set to, afterwards the voltage being applied on liquid crystal layer is adjusted by electrode structure, you can realize liquid crystal layer refractive index
Adjust, so as to realize showing the control of GTG.Specifically, when the refractive index of liquid crystal layer and the refractive index of grating coupling structure are equal
When, the effect of grating coupling structure is blanked, and is coupled out from ducting layer without light, is now L0 states；When the folding of liquid crystal layer
Penetrate rate and grating coupling structure refractive index it is maximum when, the effect of grating coupling structure is most obvious, and light is from ducting layer coupling
Coupling efficiency highest out is closed, is now L255 states；When the refractive index of liquid crystal layer is between both the above situation, it is
Gray scale states in the middle of showing.Because selection of the grating coupling structure to light direction, therefore this utility model embodiment are carried
For above-mentioned display device can optionally will be used for show light collection near pupil, be advantageously implemented and simple eye can gather
Burnt nearly eye shows.Also, because grating coupling structure only needs light by several screen periods effective coupling from ducting layer
Close out, and screen periods are general all smaller, in several microns or hundreds of nanometer, therefore Pixel Dimensions can be with very little, favorably
In realizing high-resolution（PPI）Show.Further, since grating coupling structure therefore, it can for the selection for going out light color
The setting of color film is saved, and the whole parts in display device can be constituted using transparent material, to realize the saturating of the high grade of transparency
Substantially show and virtually/augmented reality shows.
Description of the drawings
The structural representation of the display device that Fig. 1 is provided for this utility model embodiment；
Fig. 2 is principle schematic optical waveguide coupled in prior art；
The schematic diagram of the light direction control of the display device that Fig. 3 is provided for this utility model embodiment；
Fig. 4 a and Fig. 4 b are respectively the structural representation of example one；
Fig. 5 a and Fig. 5 b are respectively the structural representation of example two；
Fig. 6 a and Fig. 6 b are respectively the structural representation of example three.
Specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, the display floater for this utility model embodiment being provided and the specific embodiment of display device
It is described in detail.
The shapes and sizes of each part do not reflect the actual proportions of display device in accompanying drawing, and purpose is schematically illustrate reality
Use new content.
Specifically, a kind of display floater that this utility model embodiment is provided, as shown in figure 1, including：
The upper substrate 001 put relatively and infrabasal plate 002；
The liquid crystal layer 003 being arranged between upper substrate 001 and infrabasal plate 002；
Infrabasal plate 002 is arranged at towards the ducting layer 004 of the side surface of upper substrate 001 1, the refractive index of the ducting layer 004 is extremely
Few refractive index more than the film layer that contacts with ducting layer 004；
The multiple grating coupling structures for ducting layer 004 being arranged at towards the side surface of upper substrate 001 1 and being arranged in array
005, the refractive index of each grating coupling structure 005 is [no, ne]；Wherein, no is liquid crystal molecule in liquid crystal layer 003 for o polarizations
The refractive index of light, ne is liquid crystal molecule in liquid crystal layer 003 for the refractive index of e polarized light；And,
It is arranged at grating coupling structure 005 and corresponds towards the side surface of upper substrate 001 1 and with grating coupling structure 005
Electrode structure 006.
Conceived based on same utility model, this utility model embodiment additionally provides a kind of display device, except including this
Outside the above-mentioned display floater that utility model embodiment is provided, as shown in figure 1, will also include：At least provided with ducting layer 004
The collimated back structure 007 of one side.
Specifically, this utility model embodiment is provided above-mentioned display floater and display device, by grating coupling structure
The coupling of AD HOC in 005 pair of ducting layer 004, it is possible to achieve the selection to light direction and color；By by each grating coupling
The refractive index for closing structure 005 is set to [no, ne], adjusts the electricity being applied on liquid crystal layer 003 by electrode structure 006 afterwards
Pressure, you can realize the regulation of the refractive index of liquid crystal layer 003, so as to realize showing the control of GTG.Specifically, when liquid crystal layer 003
When the refractive index of refractive index and grating coupling structure 005 is equal, the effect of grating coupling structure 005 is blanked, without light from ripple
Conducting shell 004 is coupled out, and is now L0 states；When the refractive index and the refractive index of grating coupling structure 005 of liquid crystal layer 003
When maximum, the effect of grating coupling structure 005 is most obvious, the coupling efficiency highest that light is coupled out from ducting layer 004, now
For L255 states；It is gray scale states in the middle of showing when the refractive index of liquid crystal layer 003 is between both the above situation.
Specifically, the selection due to grating coupling structure 005 to light direction, therefore this utility model embodiment is carried
For above-mentioned display floater and display device can optionally will be used for show light collection near pupil, be conducive to reality
Now can the nearly eye of simple eye focusing show.Also, because grating coupling structure 005 is only needed light by several screen periods from ripple
Out, and screen periods are general all smaller for efficient coupling in conducting shell 004, in several microns or hundreds of nanometer, therefore pixel chi
It is very little high-resolution to be advantageously implemented with very little（PPI）Show.Further, since grating coupling structure 005 is for going out light color
Selection, therefore, it can save the setting of color film, and display floater and the whole parts in display device can adopt transparent
Material is constituted, to realize that the Transparence Display and virtual/augmented reality of the high grade of transparency show.
In optic communication and integrated optics, fiber waveguide is a kind of the more commonly used basic components and parts.In order to light beam is had
It is coupled into fiber waveguide or light is coupled out from fiber waveguide to effect, a kind of the more commonly used method is exactly to be coupled using grating
Device.As shown in Fig. 2 when incident beam or outgoing beam meet formula：βq=βmThe non-colinear position of-qK (q=0, ± 1, ± 2 ...) is closed
When being, incident illumination can in the waveguide excite m rank guided modes, or m ranks guided mode to be coupled out in given directions.Above formula
In, βmFor propagation constant β of m rank guided modesm=k0Nm, NmFor the effective refractive index of m rank guided modes, K is grating vector, K=2 π/Λ, Λ
For screen periods.
If incident illumination（Or emergent light）Wave vector direction and vertical direction angle are θi, then above non-colinear position relation can enter one
Step is expressed as：k0ncsinθi=k0Nm–q2π/Λ(q=0,±1,±2,…)。
If optical waveguide substrates are transparent medium, also input and output coupling can be carried out from substrate side, now non-colinear position relation
It is represented by：k0nssinθi=k0Nm–q2π/Λ(q=0,±1,±2,…)。
Based on this, in the specific implementation, this utility model embodiment provide above-mentioned display floater and display device in, if
Multiple grating coupling structures 005 for ducting layer 004 being placed in towards the side surface of upper substrate 001 1 and being arranged in array act as：
In the light propagated from ducting layer 004, given color light is selected（Light wavelength lambda）In assigned direction（With the surface of ducting layer 004
The angle theta of normal）On outgoing.Therefore, a grating coupling structure 005 is corresponding to the sub-pixel knot in display device
Structure.
In the specific implementation, the grating coupling in the above-mentioned display floater and display device that this utility model embodiment is provided
Close structure 005 expires from the grating period A of the controllable light wavelength lambda in the coupling luminous direction of ducting layer 004 and grating coupling structure 005
Sufficient equation below：
2π/λ·Nm=2π/λ·ncsinθ+q2π/Λ(q=0,±1,±2,…)
Wherein, θ is the angle in coupling luminous direction and the surface normal of ducting layer 004；NmGuided mode is propagated for ducting layer 004
Effective refractive index；ncFor air refraction.
In the specific implementation, a certain position in the above-mentioned display floater and display device of the offer of this utility model embodiment
Pixel light direction be often fixed, as shown in figure 3, the position by the pixel relative to human eye determines, i.e., θ angles are fixed
's.Therefore, it can the grating period A by adjusting each grating coupling structure 005, realize selecting given color light（Optical wavelength
λ）In assigned direction（With the angle theta of the surface normal of ducting layer 004）On outgoing.
Specifically, the grating coupling structure in the above-mentioned display floater and display device that this utility model embodiment is provided
005 includes：Multiple spaced gratings strips, and the grating gap being present between two neighboring gratings strips.Also, each light
The material of grizzly bar be transparent dielectric material, such as SiO2, resin material etc..And in order to ensure the light for setting wavelength can be from ripple
The outgoing of conducting shell 004, the refractive index of each gratings strips is [no, ne] in grating coupling structure 005, further, it is preferable to be no.One
A gratings strips and an adjacent grating gap constitute the screen periods of the grating coupling structure 005 in individual grating coupling structure 005
Λ, as it was previously stated, the grating period A is by required light direction and goes out light color and determines.Also, in grating coupling structure
Dutycycle in 005 is generally 0.5（Gratings strips and the ratio in grating gap）, but actual product design according to it is required go out light
Intensity, balances the consideration of the factors such as difference, the process conditions of display floater diverse location brightness, and dutycycle can deviate the number
Value.
Further, each grating coupling in the above-mentioned display floater and display device that this utility model embodiment is provided
The thickness general control of structure 005 is between 100nm-1 μm.Also, corresponding to different colours（RGB）The grating coupling of sub-pixel
The thickness of structure 005 can be the same or different.For example, can select each grating coupling structure 005 thickness unify be
300nm or so.
Specifically, in the above-mentioned display floater and display device that this utility model embodiment is provided, for controlling each son
The liquid crystal molecule of pixel realizes that the electrode structure 006 of control is arranged on grating coupling structure 005 for GTG.Based on this,
For the ease of the design of electrode structure, in the specific implementation, electrode structure 006 can include：It is arranged at corresponding grating coupling
Multiple electrodes bar in structure 005 in each gratings strips, i.e., arrange electrode strip in each gratings strips, makes the He of grating coupling structure 005
Electrode structure 006 constitutes laminated composite structure；And the width of electrode strip is not more than the width of gratings strips, grating can be specifically equal to
The width of bar.
Specifically, the rotation of electric field controls liquid crystal is produced for the ease of the electrode strip in electrode structure 006, in this utility model
In the above-mentioned display device that embodiment is provided, the electrode strip that each electrode structure is included can be divided into：Be arranged alternately for loading
The electrode strip of the positivity signal of telecommunication and the electrode strip for loading the negativity signal of telecommunication.That is the alternate setting of positive and negative electrode, compares top and bottom
The electrode structure that electrode is arranged, between the electrode of the alternate setting of positive and negative electrode in the same plane that this utility model embodiment is provided
Away from less, electric field between electrodes are higher, higher to the control ability of liquid crystal molecule, it is possible to obtain response speed and less faster
Driving voltage.Also, the laminated construction of grating-electrode can also effectively reduce electrode material with liquid crystal material refractive index not
The caused black state leakage problem of matching.
Specifically, said structure design can adopt same patterning processes to produce the electrode knot of grating coupling structure 005
Structure 006, therefore for the ease of producing the structure by the way of etching, in the specific implementation, typically require grating coupling knot
Structure 005 is not more than the width of a gratings strips, but not limited to this with the thickness sum of electrode structure 006.
In the specific implementation, in the above-mentioned display floater and display device that this utility model embodiment is provided, electrode knot
Structure 006 can select transparent conductive material, such as ITO etc., and now, the thickness of electrode structure 006 can be controlled in 50nm-
Between 1000nm, generally 100nm or so.Or, electrode structure 006 can also select relatively thin metal material, such as Au or Ag-
Mg alloys etc., now, the thickness of electrode structure 006 can be controlled between 30nm-200nm.
In the specific implementation, the upper substrate in the above-mentioned display floater and display device that this utility model embodiment is provided
001 and infrabasal plate 002 it is general by conventional display panels（LCD）Or organic EL display panel（OLED）Substrate
Substrate is constituted, or can also use some special optical glass or resin material etc..Also, upper substrate 001 and infrabasal plate
In 0.1mm-2mm or so, its parameter is determined 002 thickness general control by specific product design or process conditions, and will
Ask its upper and lower surface that there is preferable flatness and the depth of parallelism.
In the specific implementation, in the above-mentioned display floater and display device that this utility model embodiment is provided, in order that
Ducting layer 004 can carry out fiber waveguide as efficiently as possible, it is preferred that need the refractive index of ducting layer 004 except more than and ripple
Conducting shell 004 contact film layer refractive index outside, it may be preferable to more than the refractive index of other each Rotating fields, i.e., in a display device
The refractive index of ducting layer 004 is maximum.Also, the refractive index of ducting layer 004 is needed in some structure designs, and the higher the better, and one
As require that ducting layer 004 is transparent, but not limited to this.In the specific implementation, Si can be selected3N4Ducting layer 004 is made Deng material,
It is also not necessarily limited to this.
In the specific implementation, in the above-mentioned display device that this utility model embodiment is provided, the thickness one of ducting layer 004
As control at 100nm-100 μm, in the collimation of collimated back structure 007 is relatively good or can be to being coupled into ducting layer 004
When pattern control effectively, the thickness of ducting layer 004 can be thickened suitably, to increase light efficiency, such as 500nm-100 μm
Between；When the collimation of collimated back structure 007 is poor, for the ease of grating coupling structure 005 to light direction
With the control of color, the thickness of ducting layer 004 needs sufficiently thin, the preferably single mode waveguide, the thickness of such as ducting layer 004 to be
100nm, but not limited to this.
In the specific implementation, in order to improve the uniformity that the thin film of ducting layer 004 grows, provide in this utility model embodiment
Above-mentioned display floater and display device in, as shown in figure 1, can also include：Be arranged at ducting layer 004 and infrabasal plate 002 it
Between cushion 008.After cushion 008 is first made on infrabasal plate 002, grow ducting layer 004 on cushion 008 and help
In the film quality for obtaining preferable ducting layer 004.In the specific implementation,
In the specific implementation, in the above-mentioned display floater and display device that this utility model embodiment is provided, cushion
008 thickness general control is between 50nm-10 μm.And cushion 008 is generally refractive index less than the refractive index of ducting layer 004
Transparent dielectric material, such as SiO2, resin material etc..
In the specific implementation, this utility model embodiment provide above-mentioned display device in collimated back can be to
The monochromatic mixed light that few three kinds of mono-colour laser chips send, for example：It is red（R）, it is green（G）, it is blue（B）Trichroism semiconductor laser
Device chip makes the collimated back after mixed light.Or, collimated back can also at least three kinds monochromatic LED chips send
Mixed light of the monochromatic light after collimating structure, for example：R, G, B trichroism LED chip makes the collimation back of the body after collimation, mixed light
Light.Or, the white light after collimating structure that collimated back can also send for white LED chip, for example：White light LEDs core
Piece makes the collimated back after collimation.Or, the collimated back can also be by the cold cathode fluorescent tube of strip（CCFL lamps
Pipe）The light for sending collimated light made by after collimating structure, collimated back is not limited to the above-mentioned type.
Also, in the specific implementation, in order that collimated back can be effectively from ducting layer 004 side be incident to ducting layer
In 004 propagate, this utility model embodiment provide above-mentioned display device in collimated back typically with the side of ducting layer 004
Hem width degree is matched, specifically, it is possible to use the chip of laser consistent with the width of ducting layer 004 or LED core slip, or compared with
Before dilute chip of laser or LED core slip plus some expand structure.
Further, in the specific implementation, in order that collimated back can be propagated effectively in ducting layer 004, at this
Collimated back in the above-mentioned display device that utility model embodiment is provided is generally positioned to enter perpendicular to the side of ducting layer 004
It is incident upon ducting layer 004.Also, should as far as possible incident collimated back of alignment ducting layer 004, when the thickness of ducting layer 004 it is thicker
When, collimated back can also be adopted and be incident to ducting layer 004 to meet the angle of inclination of total reflection condition in ducting layer 004,
I.e. collimated back is incident to ducting layer 004 to set inclination angle, to increase the light extraction efficiency of waveguide optical grating.
In the specific implementation, in the above-mentioned display floater and display device that this utility model embodiment is provided, liquid crystal layer
003 can be covered on electrode structure 006, and be filled in the grating gap location of grating coupling structure 005, the thickness of liquid crystal layer 003
, typically in hundreds of nanometer to several microns, general control is at 1 μm or so for degree.
In the specific implementation, in the above-mentioned display floater and display device that this utility model embodiment is provided, can be with root
The liquid crystal material of liquid crystal layer 003 is selected according to the implementation of required display pattern and GTG.
The above-mentioned display device that the offer of this utility model embodiment is illustrated below by several examples is attainable
Display pattern.
Example one：The optical axis of liquid crystal molecule is in the display pattern rotated in the plane of display floater.
Under this kind of display pattern, the above-mentioned display device that this utility model embodiment is provided as shown in fig. 4 a, is also wrapped
Include：Upper substrate 001 is arranged at towards the side surface of liquid crystal layer 003 1 and/or electrode structure 006 is arranged at towards liquid crystal layer 003 1
The both alignment layers 010 of side surface（Generally PI, thickness is in 30nm-80nm）, show that both alignment layers 010 are provided only on base in Fig. 4 a
Situation of the plate 001 towards the side surface of liquid crystal layer 003 1.Liquid crystal point in liquid crystal layer 003 can be controlled by the both alignment layers 010 for arranging
The initial orientation of son, makes in liquid crystal layer 003 liquid crystal molecule inceptive direction perpendicular to upper substrate 001 and infrabasal plate 002, now for
L255 GTGs, the display pattern is often white display pattern.
In the specific implementation, the voltage for being applied by adjusting each electrode structure 006 acts on the electric field of liquid crystal layer 003, i.e.,
Achievable liquid crystal molecule is rotating in the plane of display surface, to realize the refractive index of liquid crystal layer 003 between no and ne
Regulation, so as to realize different GTGs.As shown in Figure 4 b, it is L0 grey when liquid crystal molecule is when being oriented parallel to upper substrate 001
Rank.The polarized light of the length direction due to only having polarization direction parallel to infrabasal plate and perpendicular to grating coupling structure 005（E light）
The variations in refractive index of liquid crystal layer 003 can be just experienced, and direction of vibration is parallel to infrabasal plate and parallel to grating coupling structure 005
Length direction polarized light（O light）It is not felt by the variations in refractive index of liquid crystal layer 003, therefore the display light e of the display pattern
Polarized light.
So that the refractive index of grating coupling structure 005 is equal to no as an example, when the refractive index and grating coupling structure of liquid crystal layer 003
005 refractive index is equal, that is, when being no, the effect of grating coupling structure 005 is blanked, and couples from ducting layer 004 without light
Out, now GTG is minimum, is L0 states；When the refractive index of liquid crystal layer 003（ne）With the refractive index of grating coupling structure 005
（no）When difference is maximum, the effect of grating coupling structure 005 is most obvious, and light is imitated from the coupling that ducting layer 004 is coupled out
Rate highest, now GTG is maximum, is L255 states；It is it when the refractive index of liquid crystal layer 003 is between both the above situation
His gray scale states.
In the implementation, the polarization direction of the light that grating coupling structure 005 is coupled out be parallel to infrabasal plate and
Perpendicular to the length direction of grating coupling structure 005 when, can just experience the change of above-mentioned refractive index, the light of other polarization directions
The change of above-mentioned refractive index will not be experienced, thus polaroid need not be set.
In addition, for nematic liquid crystal, generally require the upper surface in liquid crystal layer 003 increase by one layer of both alignment layers or on
Lower two sides increases both alignment layers, to control the inceptive direction of liquid crystal layer 003, it is ensured that liquid crystal molecule can be in the control of applied voltage
Under rotated in the manner described above, therefore, VA types display floater be normal white mode.And some liquid crystal materials need not be arranged and matched somebody with somebody
To layer.
The refractive index for being grating coupling structure 005 described above is equal or close to the situation of no, now display
Part need not add polaroid or require that side entering type collimated light source is polarized light in light emission side, you can realize normal display.
When the refractive index of grating coupling structure 005 is equal to ne or when between no and ne, now display device needs to exist
Light emission side adds polaroid, i.e., arrange polaroid away from the side surface of liquid crystal layer 003 1 in upper substrate 001；Or require collimated light
To collimate polarized light, disturbing for controlled polarized light, and the display pattern are not deflected by liquid crystal aligning to eliminate out light situation
Typically require that liquid crystal is positivity liquid crystal.
Example two：The optical axis of liquid crystal molecule is parallel to the display pattern rotated in the plane of display surface.
Under this kind of display pattern, the above-mentioned display device that this utility model embodiment is provided as shown in Figure 5 a, is also wrapped
Include：Upper substrate 001 is arranged at towards the side surface of liquid crystal layer 003 1 and/or electrode structure 006 is arranged at towards liquid crystal layer 003 1
The both alignment layers 010 of side surface（Generally PI, thickness is in 30nm-80nm）, show that both alignment layers 010 are provided only on base in Fig. 5 a
Situation of the plate 001 towards the side surface of liquid crystal layer 003 1；And, upper substrate 001 is arranged at away from the side surface of liquid crystal layer 003 1
Polaroid 011, or, collimated back is collimation polarized light.Liquid crystal in liquid crystal layer 003 can be controlled by the both alignment layers 010 for arranging
The initial orientation of molecule, makes liquid crystal molecule inceptive direction in liquid crystal layer 003 parallel to upper substrate 001 and infrabasal plate 002, for example, make
Liquid crystal molecule inceptive direction is in parallel to upper substrate 001 and perpendicular to the state of paper, and polaroid selects polarization direction to hang down
The straight polarized light in paper is passed through or incident illumination is polarized light of the polarization direction perpendicular to paper, is now L255 GTGs, should
Display pattern is often white display pattern.
By the refractive index of grating coupling structure 005 be equal to no as a example by, as shown in Figure 5 b, when liquid crystal layer 003 refractive index and
The refractive index of grating coupling structure 005 is equal, that is, when being no, the effect of grating coupling structure 005 is blanked, without light from ripple
Conducting shell 004 is coupled out, and now GTG is minimum, is L0 states；As shown in Figure 5 a, when the refractive index of liquid crystal layer 003（ne）And light
The refractive index of grid coupled structure 005（no）When difference is maximum, the effect of grating coupling structure 005 is most obvious, and light is from waveguide
The coupling efficiency highest that layer 004 is coupled out, now GTG is maximum, is L255 states；When the refractive index of liquid crystal layer 003 be in
It is other gray scale states when between upper two kinds of situations.
Because the polarization direction of light can experience the change of above-mentioned refractive index with second direction in a first direction, first
Direction is polarization direction parallel to infrabasal plate 002 and perpendicular to the length direction of gratings strips, and second direction exists for polarization direction
Parallel to infrabasal plate 002 and parallel to the length direction of gratings strips, so needing on upper substrate 001 or in side entering type light source
It is upper to add one layer of polaroid to select a kind of polarized light（First direction or second direction）.
In addition, for nematic liquid crystal, generally require the upper surface in liquid crystal layer 003 increase by one layer of both alignment layers or on
Lower two increase both alignment layers, to control the inceptive direction of liquid crystal layer 003, it is ensured that liquid crystal molecule can be under the control of applied voltage
Rotated in the manner described above, additionally by the relative pass in the analyzing direction of the inceptive direction and polaroid of control liquid crystal molecule
System determines that display floater is normal white mode（The inceptive direction of liquid crystal molecule is consistent with the analyzing direction of polaroid）Or normally black mode
（The inceptive direction of liquid crystal molecule is vertical with the analyzing direction of polaroid）.And some liquid crystal materials need not arrange both alignment layers.Should
Liquid crystal molecule is positivity liquid crystal and negative liquid crystal under display pattern.
Example three：Using the display pattern of blue phase liquid crystal.
Under this kind of display pattern, the above-mentioned display device that this utility model embodiment is provided, as shown in Figure 6 a, liquid crystal layer
Liquid crystal molecule selection in 003 is blue phase liquid crystal material, and without arranging alignment film.In the no applied voltage of each electrode structure 600
When, as shown in Figure 6 a, liquid crystal molecule is isotropic state, is anisotropic states in applied voltage as shown in Figure 6 b, this
Planting two kinds of polarized light of anisotropic states can experience, therefore compare front several embodiments, with higher light extraction efficiency.
Specifically, due under non-powering state, blue phase liquid crystal is isotropic, refractive index phase in all directions
Together, two kinds of polarized light are n by the refractive index of liquid crystal；In the power-on state, blue phase liquid crystal is anisotropic, ordinary light（o
Light）Refractive index be no, non-ordinary light（E light）Refractive index be ne, no<n<ne.
It is thereby possible to select isotropic state is L0 states（The refractive index of grating coupling structure 005 is n）, respectively to different
Character state is L255 states, and now two kinds of polarized light can be coupled out, with higher light extraction efficiency；Can also select each
Anisotropy state is L0 states（The refractive index of grating coupling structure 005 is no or ne）, isotropic state is L255 states, this
When need incident illumination be polarized light i.e. collimated back for collimation polarized light, or light emission side add polaroid, i.e., in upper substrate 001
Away from the side surface of liquid crystal layer 003 1, polaroid is set.
Specifically, the above-mentioned display device of this utility model embodiment offer can be：Virtual reality/enhancing display sets
Standby, near-eye display device, mobile phone, panel computer, television set, display, notebook computer, DPF, navigator etc. are any
Product with display function or part.
Above-mentioned display floater and display device that this utility model embodiment is provided, by grating coupling structure to ducting layer
The coupling of middle AD HOC, it is possible to achieve the selection to light direction and color；By by the refractive index of each grating coupling structure
[no, ne] is set to, afterwards the voltage being applied on liquid crystal layer is adjusted by electrode structure, you can realize liquid crystal layer refractive index
Adjust, so as to realize showing the control of GTG.Specifically, when the refractive index of liquid crystal layer and the refractive index of grating coupling structure are equal
When, the effect of grating coupling structure is blanked, and is coupled out from ducting layer without light, is now L0 states；When the folding of liquid crystal layer
Penetrate rate and grating coupling structure refractive index it is maximum when, the effect of grating coupling structure is most obvious, and light is from ducting layer coupling
Coupling efficiency highest out is closed, is now L255 states；When the refractive index of liquid crystal layer is between both the above situation, it is
Gray scale states in the middle of showing.Because selection of the grating coupling structure to light direction, therefore this utility model embodiment are carried
For above-mentioned display device can optionally will be used for show light collection near pupil, be advantageously implemented and simple eye can gather
Burnt nearly eye shows.Also, because grating coupling structure only needs light by several screen periods effective coupling from ducting layer
Close out, and screen periods are general all smaller, in several microns or hundreds of nanometer, therefore Pixel Dimensions can be with very little, favorably
In realizing high-resolution（PPI）Show.Further, since grating coupling structure therefore, it can for the selection for going out light color
The setting of color film is saved, and the whole parts in display device can be constituted using transparent material, to realize the saturating of the high grade of transparency
Substantially show and virtually/augmented reality shows.
Obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various changes and modification without deviating from this practicality to this utility model
New spirit and scope.So, if it is of the present utility model these modification and modification belong to this utility model claim and
Within the scope of its equivalent technologies, then this utility model is also intended to comprising these changes and modification.
Claims (16)
1. a kind of display floater, it is characterised in that include：
The upper substrate put relatively and infrabasal plate；
The liquid crystal layer being arranged between the upper substrate and the infrabasal plate；
The infrabasal plate is arranged at towards the ducting layer of the side surface of the upper substrate one, the refractive index of the ducting layer at least above
The refractive index of the film layer that contacts with the ducting layer；
The multiple grating coupling structures for the ducting layer being arranged at towards the side surface of the upper substrate one and being arranged in array, each institute
The refractive index for stating grating coupling structure is [no, ne]；Wherein, no be in the liquid crystal layer liquid crystal molecule for the folding of o polarized light
Penetrate rate, ne be in the liquid crystal layer liquid crystal molecule for the refractive index of e polarized light；And,
It is arranged at the grating coupling structure and corresponds towards the side surface of the upper substrate one and with the grating coupling structure
Electrode structure.
2. display floater as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the grating coupling structure includes：Multiple interval settings
Gratings strips, and the grating gap being present between the two neighboring gratings strips；
The electrode structure includes：It is arranged at the multiple electrodes in each gratings strips in the corresponding grating coupling structure
Bar；And the width of the electrode strip is not more than the width of the gratings strips.
3. display floater as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the electrode strip that each electrode structure is included is divided into：Hand over
For the electrode strip for loading the positivity signal of telecommunication and the electrode strip for loading the negativity signal of telecommunication that arrange.
4. display floater as claimed in claim 2, it is characterised in that the thickness of the grating coupling structure and the electrode structure
Degree sum is not more than the width of the gratings strips.
5. display floater as claimed in claim 4, it is characterised in that the thickness of the grating coupling structure is 100nm-1 μm；
The electrode structure is transparent conductive material, and the thickness of the electrode structure is 50nm-1000nm；Or, the electrode knot
Structure is metal material, and the thickness of the electrode structure is 30nm-200nm.
6. display floater as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that also include：The ducting layer is arranged at the lower base
Cushion between plate.
7. display floater as claimed in claim 6, it is characterised in that the thickness of the cushion is 50nm-10 μm.
8. display floater as claimed in claim 1, it is characterised in that the thickness of the ducting layer is 100nm-100 μm.
9. a kind of display device, it is characterised in that include：Display floater as described in any one of claim 1-8, and at least
The collimated back structure of a side of the ducting layer is arranged at, the collimated back structure sends collimated back.
10. display device as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that the collimated back is at least three kinds mono-colour lasers
The monochromatic mixed light that chip sends；Or, the monochromatic light that the collimated back is at least three kinds monochromatic LED chips to be sent is through accurate
Mixed light after straight structure；Or, the white light after collimating structure that the collimated back sends for white LED chip；Or, described
Collimated back is collimated light of the light sent by the cathode fluorescent tube of strip after collimating structure.
11. display devices as claimed in claim 9, it is characterised in that the collimated back is perpendicular to the side of the ducting layer
While the ducting layer is incident to, or, being incident to the waveguide to meet the angle of inclination of total reflection condition in the ducting layer
Layer.
12. display devices as described in any one of claim 9-11, it is characterised in that the refraction of each grating coupling structure
Rate is no；
The display device, also includes：The upper substrate is arranged at towards the side surface of the liquid crystal layer one and/or is arranged at described
Both alignment layers of the electrode structure towards the side surface of the liquid crystal layer one；
Liquid crystal molecule inceptive direction is perpendicular to the upper substrate and the infrabasal plate in the liquid crystal layer.
13. display devices as described in any one of claim 9-11, it is characterised in that the refraction of each grating coupling structure
Rate for (no, ne]；
The display device, also includes：The upper substrate is arranged at towards the side surface of the liquid crystal layer one and/or is arranged at described
Both alignment layers of the electrode structure towards the side surface of the liquid crystal layer one；
Polaroid of the upper substrate away from the side surface of the liquid crystal layer one is arranged at, or, the collimated back is collimation polarization
Light；
Liquid crystal molecule inceptive direction is perpendicular to the upper substrate and the infrabasal plate in the liquid crystal layer.
14. display devices as described in any one of claim 9-11, it is characterised in that also include：It is arranged at the upper substrate
Towards the side surface of the liquid crystal layer one and/or the electrode structure is arranged at towards the both alignment layers of the side surface of the liquid crystal layer one；
And,
Polaroid of the upper substrate away from the side surface of the liquid crystal layer one is arranged at, or, the collimated back is collimation polarization
Light；
Liquid crystal molecule inceptive direction is parallel to the upper substrate and the infrabasal plate in the liquid crystal layer.
15. display devices as described in any one of claim 9-11, it is characterised in that the refraction of each grating coupling structure
Rate is (no, ne)；
Liquid crystal molecule in the liquid crystal layer is blue phase liquid crystal material.
16. display devices as described in any one of claim 9-11, it is characterised in that the refraction of each grating coupling structure
Rate is no or ne；
Liquid crystal molecule in the liquid crystal layer is blue phase liquid crystal material；
The display device, also includes：Polaroid of the upper substrate away from the side surface of the liquid crystal layer one is arranged at, or, institute
Collimated back is stated for collimation polarized light.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201621160848.1U CN206096638U (en) | 2016-10-24 | 2016-10-24 | Display panel and display device |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201621160848.1U CN206096638U (en) | 2016-10-24 | 2016-10-24 | Display panel and display device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN206096638U true CN206096638U (en) | 2017-04-12 |
Family
ID=58485872
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201621160848.1U Withdrawn - After Issue CN206096638U (en) | 2016-10-24 | 2016-10-24 | Display panel and display device |
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| CN (1) | CN206096638U (en) |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106291943A (en) * | 2016-10-24 | 2017-01-04 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | A kind of display floater and display device |
| CN110673381A (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2020-01-10 | 武汉华星光电技术有限公司 | Double-layer liquid crystal display panel and preparation method thereof |
| CN115097669A (en) * | 2022-03-25 | 2022-09-23 | 北京京东方技术开发有限公司 | Display device and working method thereof |
-
2016
- 2016-10-24 CN CN201621160848.1U patent/CN206096638U/en not_active Withdrawn - After Issue
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106291943A (en) * | 2016-10-24 | 2017-01-04 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | A kind of display floater and display device |
| WO2018076961A1 (en) * | 2016-10-24 | 2018-05-03 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Display panel and display device |
| US10663641B2 (en) | 2016-10-24 | 2020-05-26 | Boe Technology Group Co., Ltd. | Display panel and display device |
| CN110673381A (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2020-01-10 | 武汉华星光电技术有限公司 | Double-layer liquid crystal display panel and preparation method thereof |
| CN115097669A (en) * | 2022-03-25 | 2022-09-23 | 北京京东方技术开发有限公司 | Display device and working method thereof |
| CN115097669B (en) * | 2022-03-25 | 2024-04-05 | 北京京东方技术开发有限公司 | Display device and working method thereof |
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