CN205721394U - A kind of optoelectronic induction follow-up mechanism of solar motion track - Google Patents
A kind of optoelectronic induction follow-up mechanism of solar motion track Download PDFInfo
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- CN205721394U CN205721394U CN201620397321.4U CN201620397321U CN205721394U CN 205721394 U CN205721394 U CN 205721394U CN 201620397321 U CN201620397321 U CN 201620397321U CN 205721394 U CN205721394 U CN 205721394U
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Abstract
The utility model discloses the optoelectronic induction follow-up mechanism of a kind of solar motion track, including for fixing mounting seat, pedestal, sundial pin, amplifying circuit and microprocessor；The bottom surface of described pedestal is connected with mounting seat, the embedded photovoltaic array of end face of pedestal, and photovoltaic array is connected with microprocessor by amplifying circuit；Described sundial pin is vertically fixed on the center of photovoltaic array.This utility model combines the operation principle of corona and the photoelectric characteristic of photoelectric sensor, it is achieved the tracking of position of sun, simple in construction, good reliability.
Description
Technical field
This utility model relates to solar power current collection field, specifically refers to the optoelectronic induction follow-up mechanism of a kind of solar motion track.
Background technology
Solar energy is utilized to carry out generating electricity both economically and environmentally beneficial, but the shortcoming such as solar energy exists low-density, intermittence, spatial distribution are continually changing.The autobiography of the earth and the circumsolar revolution of the earth result in the sun motion relative to ground static object.The ecliptic plane angle of cut with 23 ° 26 ' of equatoriat plane existence causes declination angle change in a year: during Winter Solstice, declination angle is-23 ° 26 ' and is gradually increased, and during the Summer Solstice, declination angle reaches 23 ° 26 ' of maximum and starts to reduce.In the middle of one day, declination angle varies less, and the autobiography of the earth causes hour angle change in a day: high noon, hour angle was 0 °, per hour change 15 °, and the morning, hour angle was just, afternoon, hour angle was negative.
It is low that fixed solar power current collection device carries out usefulness during opto-electronic conversion, in order to improve the usefulness of photoelectric conversion, it is necessary to solves the tracking problem of position of sun.Existing photoelectric sensing apparatus structure is complicated, reliability is low, is unfavorable for cost control.
Utility model content
The purpose of this utility model is to provide the optoelectronic induction follow-up mechanism of a kind of solar motion track, in conjunction with operation principle and the photoelectric characteristic of photoelectric sensor of corona, it is achieved the tracking of position of sun, simple in construction, good reliability.
This utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions: the optoelectronic induction follow-up mechanism of a kind of solar motion track, including for fixing mounting seat, pedestal, sundial pin, amplifying circuit and microprocessor；The bottom surface of described pedestal is connected with mounting seat, the embedded photovoltaic array of end face of pedestal, and photovoltaic array is connected with microprocessor by amplifying circuit；Described sundial pin is vertically fixed on the center of photovoltaic array.
Photoelectric sensor has light transfer characteristic, the change of light intensity can be converted into the change of the signal of telecommunication to realize detection or to control: illumination is the most weak is the least dark current even without reverse current during illumination, when illumination is obvious, reverse current is photoelectric current, the most weak then electric current of light is the least, and the strongest then electric current of light is the biggest.
A corresponding coordinate of photosensitive components and parts in described photovoltaic array.Owing to the size of photoelectric component is less and the thinner thickness of pedestal, photovoltaic array place plane and pedestal place plane approximation can be regarded as same plane, be referred to as datum level.For the ease of measure and calculate, with datum level for XY face: with North and South direction as X-direction, north be on the occasion of, south is negative value；With east-west direction as Y-direction, east be on the occasion of, west is negative value；With the normal of datum level as Z axis, upper on the occasion of, the next negative value.
Corona utilizes the sun feature that when moving, the shadow of irradiated object is shifted along, according to the position estimating time of shadow.During sun oblique fire sundial pin, the shadow of sundial pin falls and forms shadow region on the photovoltaic array vertical with sundial pin, in shadow region, the electric current of photoelectric component is die-offed, the signal of telecommunication is sent to microprocessor by amplifying circuit, coordinate corresponding to microprocessor identification photoelectric component, the center line in shadow region, the axis of sundial pin are respectively two right-angle sides of a right angled triangle, can obtain the elevation angle of the sun according to geometrical relationship.The sun moves, and shadow region is also moved, and the azimuth that the angle that the center line in shadow region moves moves with the sun is corresponding, can obtain the azimuth of the sun.During sun direct projection sundial pin, unshaded area on photovoltaic array, the incident direction that can regard the sun this moment as is identical with the axis direction of sundial pin, and extrapolates sun azimuth this moment and the elevation angle.This utility model simple in construction, calculate that process is simple, response speed fast and stable performance.
In this utility model, the bottom of pedestal is connected with mounting seat, can be fixed in mounting seat by pedestal by the measurement apparatus such as level indicator, protractor, it is also possible to drive pedestal to be tracked the movement of position of sun by driving means.During fixed installation pedestal, can level be fixing that pedestal also can be made to be fixed horizontal by certain inclination angle.Mounting means preferred levels formula or latitude angle formula: horizontal refers to the plane-parallel of datum level and mount point；Latitude angle formula refers to that plane horizontal plane vertical and with mount point with the plane at its warp place of mount point in pedestal place exists angle, and the number of degrees of angle are identical with the latitude numerical value of mount point.Under normal circumstances, at low latitudes, can use horizontal that pedestal is installed, when the sun just rises, the elevation angle is the least, now light intensity is more weak, can not adjust the elevation angle of solar panel, adjusts the elevation angle of solar panel after the sun elevation angle slowly increases again；High latitude area, even if the meridian hour, the elevation angle of the sun is smaller, now may select latitude angle formula and installs pedestal.
Mode according to the fixed installation pedestal such as horizontal or latitude angle formula, it is likely to occur the projection situation beyond photovoltaic array scope of sundial pin, now it is proposed with the rotatably mounted of pedestal and mounting seat, and use the mode at the elevation angle of adjusting step by step: first according to acquisition azimuth, position corresponding to the distalmost end in shadow region and the pseudo-elevation angle, then the angle of basement tilt is adjusted according to the pseudo-elevation angle, adjust the pseudo-elevation angle step by step until direct sunlight electricity array, now photovoltaic array unshaded area.
In this utility model, the end face of pedestal can arrange the transparent cover plate that transmittance is higher, and transparent cover plate is placed in above photovoltaic array, prevents dust from entering or preventing external impacts, the photoelectric sensor in protection photovoltaic array, extends its service life.
Further, described photovoltaic array is the photodiode array including more than one photodiode.
Described photovoltaic array can use the photosensitive components and parts such as photodiode array or phototriode array.The preferred photodiode array of this utility model, stable performance, cheap.
Further, described photodiode array is circular array, and including the subarray of M annular, subarray is the most coaxially distributed centered by sundial pin；In described photodiode array, m-th subarray includes NMIndividual photodiode, meets NM=6M, M, NMFor positive integer.
Described photodiode array is rectangular array or circular array.In the case of the grade of certainty of measurement is identical, in order to make overall structure compacter and control the quantity of photodiode, circular array.In described circular array the quantity of the photodiode that each subarray includes can be rule can also be erratic.The most actually used and further simplified operation, improves the speed that data process, and in subarray, the quantity of photodiode uses and presses the arrangement mode that serial number is incremented by the most successively.Described photodiode array meets NMDuring=6M:M=1, NM=6, the i.e. the 1st subarray includes 6 photodiodes；During M=2, NM=12, the i.e. the 2nd subarray includes 12 photodiodes；During M=3, NM=18, the i.e. the 3rd subarray includes 18 photodiodes；During M=4, NM=24, the i.e. the 4th subarray includes 24 photodiodes；By that analogy, more than the photodiode that interior sub-array includes 6 of the photodiode that adjacent subarray China and foreign countries sub-array includes.
Further, a diameter of D of installation of described photodiode, a diameter of d of photosurface, D ＞ d ＞ 0；The radius of described m-th its centrage of subarray is RM, photodiode array meets RM+1-RM=D。
So that the arrangement of photodiode is compacter, installs photodiode and make to make photodiode in adjacent subarray be in close contact as far as possible, then photodiode array meets RM+1-RM=D.Installation a diameter of 1mm, 1.8mm, 2mm, 3mm, 5mm of common photodiode.
Further, the installation diameter D=2.0mm of described photodiode, photosurface diameter d=1.0mm；A diameter of φ of described sundial pin, φ=1.5 ± 0.4mm.
The diameter phi of described sundial pin is relevant to the area in the shadow region that it is formed on photodiode array: if the diameter phi of sundial pin is excessive, and shadow region area coverage is relatively big, increases amount of calculation；If the diameter phi of sundial pin is too small, shadow region area coverage is too small, it is not easy to identifies photodiode and the respective coordinates thereof of shadow region covering, increases and identify difficulty；When the diameter phi of sundial pin is close with the photosurface diameter d of photodiode, the shadow region of formation just covers the region of a radial direction, is beneficial to identify capped photodiode and coordinate thereof.It is therefore preferable that the diameter phi of sundial pin is between the photosurface diameter d and the installation diameter D of photodiode of photodiode.
The installation diameter D=2.0mm of described photodiode, during actual installation, the diameter of installing of photodiode has the tolerance of little scope, and this tolerance does not affect the arrangement of photodiode.Described photodiode uses the photodiode of a diameter of 1.0mm of photosurface, and its actual size exists the tolerance of little scope, and this tolerance affects the most negligible in structure of the present utility model.
Further, the driving means being connected respectively is also included with pedestal, microprocessor.
Described driving means is used for driving pedestal to be synchronized with the movement with solar panel, measures the deviation between sunlight incident direction and the normal of solar panel in real time.
This utility model compared with prior art, has the following advantages and beneficial effect:
(1) this utility model combines the operation principle of corona and the photoelectric characteristic of photoelectric sensor, it is achieved the tracking of position of sun, simple in construction, good reliability.
(2) this utility model can the position of the fast track sun, reduce calculating process, reduce energy consumption.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is structural representation of the present utility model.
Fig. 2 is that pedestal uses horizontal to install, and sunlight is azimuth, the relation schematic diagram at the elevation angle when A point directive this utility model.
Fig. 3 is that pedestal uses horizontal to install, and sunlight is azimuth, the relation schematic diagram at the elevation angle when B point directive this utility model.
Fig. 4 is M=1, N1=6, R1During=2mm, the structural representation of photovoltaic array.
Fig. 5 is M=2, N2=12, R2During=4mm, the structural representation of photovoltaic array.
Fig. 6 is M=3, N3=18, R3During=6mm, the structural representation of photovoltaic array.
Fig. 7 is M=4, N4=24, R4During=8mm, the structural representation of photovoltaic array.
Wherein: 1 mounting seat, 2 pedestals, 21 photovoltaic arrays, 3 sundial pins.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with embodiment, this utility model is described in further detail, but embodiment of the present utility model is not limited to this.
Embodiment 1:
A kind of optoelectronic induction follow-up mechanism of the solar motion track of the present embodiment, as shown in Figure 1, mainly it is achieved through the following technical solutions: the optoelectronic induction follow-up mechanism of a kind of solar motion track, including for fixing mounting seat 1, pedestal 2, sundial pin 3, amplifying circuit and microprocessor；The bottom surface of described pedestal 2 is connected with mounting seat 1, the embedded photovoltaic array of end face 21 of pedestal 2, and photovoltaic array 21 is connected with microprocessor by amplifying circuit；Described sundial pin 3 is vertically fixed on the center of photovoltaic array 21.
A corresponding coordinate of photosensitive components and parts in described photovoltaic array 21.Owing to the size of photoelectric component is less and the thinner thickness of pedestal 2, photovoltaic array 21 place plane and pedestal 2 place plane approximation can be regarded as same plane, be referred to as datum level.For the ease of measure and calculate, with datum level for XY face: with North and South direction as X-direction, north be on the occasion of, south is negative value；With east-west direction as Y-direction, east be on the occasion of, west is negative value；With the normal of datum level as Z axis, upper on the occasion of, the next negative value.
As shown in Figure 2 and Figure 3, pedestal 2 uses horizontal to install, and datum level and the plane-parallel of mount point, datum level is XY face, and sundial pin 3 overlaps with Z axis: the bottom of sundial pin 3 is equivalent to zero O, therefore the coordinate of sundial pin 3 bottom is (0,0,0)；The top of sundial pin 3 is H, and its coordinate is that (0,0, h), wherein h is the height after sundial pin 3 is installed beyond pedestal 2 upper surface.The sun irradiates the shadow region approximation that sundial pin 3 formed when A point, and to regard the coordinate of photosensitive components and parts of straight line OP, P point correspondence as be (RMCos α, RMSin α, 0), α is the angle that straight line OP is formed with X positive axis, 0≤α≤360 °.Now, OP, OH are respectively the right-angle side of right angle △ HOP, and β is the angle that OP and PH is formed.Can get the elevation angle B=β of the sun according to geometrical relationship, meet between azimuth A and α of the sun: when 0≤α≤180 °, A=α+180 °；When 180 ° of ＜ α≤360 °, A=360 ° of-α.Special circumstances, when β=90 °, sun direct projection pedestal 2 surface.Therefore, it can quickly trace into the elevation angle of the sun, azimuth.
Embodiment 2:
The present embodiment does optimization further on the basis of above-described embodiment, and further, described photovoltaic array 21 is the photodiode array including more than one photodiode.Other parts of the present embodiment are same as the previously described embodiments, therefore repeat no more.
Embodiment 3:
The present embodiment does optimization further on the basis of above-described embodiment, and further, described photodiode array is circular array, and including the subarray of M annular, subarray is the most coaxially distributed centered by sundial pin 3；In described photodiode array, m-th subarray includes NMIndividual photodiode, meets NM=6M, M, NMFor positive integer；The a diameter of D of installation of described photodiode, a diameter of d of photosurface, D ＞ d ＞ 0；The radius of described m-th its centrage of subarray is RM, photodiode array meets RM+1-RM=D；The installation diameter D=2.0mm of described photodiode, photosurface diameter d=1.0mm；A diameter of φ of described sundial pin 3, φ=1.5 ± 0.4mm.
As shown in Figure 4, during M=1, N1=6, R1=2mm.Centered by sundial pin 3, the 1st subarray of from inside to outside coaxial distribution includes 6 radiuses photodiode as 2mm, and the radius of the 1st subarray is 4mm, and 6 photodiodes are around sundial pin 3 close-packed arrays.
As it is shown in figure 5, during M=2, N2=12, R2=4mm.Centered by sundial pin 3, the 2nd subarray of from inside to outside coaxial distribution includes 12 radiuses photodiode as 2mm, and the radius of the 2nd subarray is 4mm, and the 2nd subarray is positioned at outside the 1st subarray and closely arranges with the 1st subarray.
As shown in Figure 6, during M=3, N3=18, R3=6mm.Centered by sundial pin 3, the 3rd subarray of from inside to outside coaxial distribution includes 18 radiuses photodiode as 2mm, and the radius of the 3rd subarray is 6mm, and the 3rd subarray is positioned at outside the 2nd subarray and closely arranges with the 2nd subarray.
As it is shown in fig. 7, during M=4, N4=24, R4=8mm.Centered by sundial pin 3, the 3rd subarray of from inside to outside coaxial distribution includes 24 radiuses photodiode as 2mm, and the radius of the 4th subarray is 8mm, and the 4th subarray is positioned at outside the 3rd subarray and closely arranges with the 3rd subarray.
By that analogy, during M >=5, structure is similar, therefore repeats no more.Other parts of the present embodiment are same as the previously described embodiments, therefore repeat no more.
Embodiment 4:
The present embodiment does optimization further on the basis of above-described embodiment, further, also includes the driving means being connected respectively with pedestal 2, microprocessor.Described driving means is used for driving pedestal 2 to be synchronized with the movement with solar panel, measures the deviation between sunlight incident direction and the normal of solar panel in real time.Other parts of the present embodiment are same as the previously described embodiments, therefore repeat no more.
The above; it it is only preferred embodiment of the present utility model; not this utility model is done any pro forma restriction, every according to technical spirit of the present utility model, above example is made any simple modification, equivalent variations, within each falling within protection domain of the present utility model.
Claims (6)
1. the optoelectronic induction follow-up mechanism of a solar motion track, it is characterised in that: include for fixing mounting seat (1), pedestal (2), sundial pin (3), amplifying circuit and microprocessor；The bottom surface of described pedestal (2) is connected with mounting seat (1), the embedded photovoltaic array of the end face (21) of pedestal (2), and photovoltaic array (21) is connected with microprocessor by amplifying circuit；Described sundial pin (3) is vertically fixed on the center of photovoltaic array (21).
The optoelectronic induction follow-up mechanism of a kind of solar motion track the most according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described photovoltaic array (21) is the photodiode array including more than one photodiode.
The optoelectronic induction follow-up mechanism of a kind of solar motion track the most according to claim 2, it is characterised in that: described photodiode array is circular array, and including the subarray of M annular, subarray is the most coaxially distributed centered by sundial pin (3)；In described photodiode array, m-th subarray includes NMIndividual photodiode, meets NM=6M, M, NMFor positive integer.
The optoelectronic induction follow-up mechanism of a kind of solar motion track the most according to claim 3, it is characterised in that: a diameter of D of installation of described photodiode, a diameter of d of photosurface, D ＞ d ＞ 0；The radius of described m-th its centrage of subarray is RM, photodiode array meets RM+1-RM=D。
The optoelectronic induction follow-up mechanism of a kind of solar motion track the most according to claim 4, it is characterised in that: the installation diameter D=2.0mm of described photodiode, photosurface diameter d=1.0mm；A diameter of φ, φ=1.5 ± 0.4mm of described sundial pin (3).
6. according to the optoelectronic induction follow-up mechanism of a kind of solar motion track described in claim 1-5 any one, it is characterised in that: also include the driving means being connected respectively with pedestal (2), microprocessor.
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| CN201620397321.4U CN205721394U (en) | 2016-05-05 | 2016-05-05 | A kind of optoelectronic induction follow-up mechanism of solar motion track |
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| CN201620397321.4U CN205721394U (en) | 2016-05-05 | 2016-05-05 | A kind of optoelectronic induction follow-up mechanism of solar motion track |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106895837A (en) * | 2017-01-04 | 2017-06-27 | 重庆三峡学院 | A kind of sun shadow alignment system and its localization method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106895837A (en) * | 2017-01-04 | 2017-06-27 | 重庆三峡学院 | A kind of sun shadow alignment system and its localization method |
| CN106895837B (en) * | 2017-01-04 | 2020-04-21 | 重庆三峡学院 | A sun shadow positioning system and positioning method thereof |
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Granted publication date: 20161123 Termination date: 20170505 |