CN205560717U - A flue gas air system and boiler system for oxygen boosting burning - Google Patents
A flue gas air system and boiler system for oxygen boosting burning Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/34—Indirect CO2mitigation, i.e. by acting on non CO2directly related matters of the process, e.g. pre-heating or heat recovery
Abstract
Description
技术领域technical field
本实用新型涉及富氧燃烧领域,具体地,涉及一种用于富氧燃烧的烟风系统和包括该用于富氧燃烧的烟风系统的锅炉系统。The utility model relates to the field of oxygen-enriched combustion, in particular to a flue air system for oxygen-enriched combustion and a boiler system including the flue air system for oxygen-enriched combustion.
背景技术Background technique
CO2被认为是加剧温室效应的主要来源,随着全球气候变暖,全球环境逐渐恶化,碳捕集技术越来越受到人们的重视,已提出了多种方式实现碳减排的目的。CO 2 is considered to be the main source of aggravating the greenhouse effect. With the global warming and the gradual deterioration of the global environment, people pay more and more attention to carbon capture technology, and many ways have been proposed to achieve the purpose of carbon emission reduction.
典型地,锅炉燃烧所排放的烟气中含有大量的CO2,因此,燃煤电站等使用燃煤锅炉排放的大量烟气对全球环境具有显著的影响,如何降低CO2的排放量已成为本领域的重要课题。对此,已提出了富氧燃烧技术,即:以纯氧和再循环的烟气的混合气体代替空气进行燃烧,以获得具有高浓度的CO2的最终烟气,通过对最终烟气压缩和纯化,能够将其中的CO2分离出并以液态形式封存,从而实现碳减排。具体地,图1中示出了现有的富氧燃烧的锅炉系统,其中,锅炉10中燃烧产生的烟气经过脱硝装置11、预热器12、除尘器13、GGH(Gas Gas Heater)(即烟气-烟气再热器)14、脱硫装置15等设备除去烟气中的NOx、SO2和颗粒物等杂质(在此之后可以经过烟气冷凝器16除去烟气中的水蒸气),之后,通过循环风道的主风道23及其上设置的循环风机24将部分烟气引回,另一部分烟气则通CO2压缩纯化装置17进行压缩纯化之后分离出CO2并将其封存,剩余的烟气可以从烟囱18排到大气中。引回的烟气通过预热器13与从锅炉1中排出的温度较高的烟气进行热交换以升温,之后,一部分烟气(下文中称为“一次风”)进入第一风道21并通过设置在第一风道21上的第一风机25升压后注入煤粉系统,以将煤粉送入锅炉10中燃烧,另一部分烟气(下文中称为“二次风”)则进入第二风道22并通过设置在第二风道22上的第二风机26升压后通入锅炉10中燃烧。同时空分装置30提供的氧气也需要分为两股分别通入煤粉系统和锅炉中。Typically, the flue gas emitted by boiler combustion contains a large amount of CO 2 . Therefore, the large amount of flue gas emitted by coal-fired boilers in coal-fired power stations has a significant impact on the global environment. How to reduce CO 2 emissions has become an important important issues in the field. In this regard, the oxygen-enriched combustion technology has been proposed, that is, combustion is performed with a mixture of pure oxygen and recycled flue gas instead of air to obtain the final flue gas with a high concentration of CO 2 , by compressing and purifying the final flue gas , which can separate the CO 2 and store it in liquid form, so as to achieve carbon emission reduction. Specifically, Fig. 1 shows an existing oxyfuel combustion boiler system, wherein the flue gas generated by combustion in the boiler 10 passes through a denitrification device 11, a preheater 12, a dust collector 13, a GGH (Gas Gas Heater) ( That is, flue gas-flue gas reheater) 14, desulfurization device 15 and other equipment to remove impurities such as NOx , SO 2 and particulate matter in the flue gas (after this, the water vapor in the flue gas can be removed through the flue gas condenser 16) Afterwards, part of the flue gas is led back through the main air duct 23 of the circulating air duct and the circulating fan 24 arranged on it, and the other part of the flue gas is passed through the CO 2 compression purification device 17 for compression and purification, and then the CO 2 is separated and collected. Sealed up, the remaining flue gas can be discharged into the atmosphere from the chimney 18. The returned flue gas passes through the preheater 13 to exchange heat with the higher temperature flue gas discharged from the boiler 1 to increase the temperature, and then a part of the flue gas (hereinafter referred to as "primary air") enters the first air duct 21 And inject the pulverized coal system after the first air fan 25 that is arranged on the first air channel 21 boosts the pressure, so that the pulverized coal is sent into the boiler 10 for combustion, and another part of flue gas (hereinafter referred to as "secondary air") is Enter the second air channel 22 and pass into the boiler 10 for combustion after being boosted by the second fan 26 arranged on the second air channel 22 . Simultaneously, the oxygen provided by the air separation unit 30 also needs to be divided into two streams and passed into the pulverized coal system and the boiler respectively.
在富氧燃烧的锅炉系统中,由于煤粉是在O2-CO2的环境下燃烧,因此,基于CO2的比热、扩散系数以及强辐射的特性,锅炉中煤粉的燃烧性能、燃烧效率与常规的空气燃烧存在很大的差距,具体表现为着火延迟、燃烧温度低、火焰较小、煤粉燃烧不完全等,也就是说,在现有的富氧燃烧的锅炉系统中,煤粉的燃烧效率、燃烧性能等还具有很大的提升、优化空间。In the oxy-fuel combustion boiler system, since pulverized coal is burned in the environment of O 2 -CO 2 , based on the specific heat, diffusion coefficient and strong radiation characteristics of CO 2 , the combustion performance and combustion performance of pulverized coal in the boiler There is a big gap between the efficiency and the conventional air combustion, which is manifested as ignition delay, low combustion temperature, small flame, incomplete coal combustion, etc. That is to say, in the existing oxy-fuel combustion boiler system, coal There is still a lot of room for improvement and optimization of the combustion efficiency and combustion performance of the powder.
实用新型内容Utility model content
本实用新型的目的是提供一种用于富氧燃烧的烟风系统和包括该烟风系统的锅炉系统。所述烟风系统能够提高富氧燃烧时锅炉中煤粉的燃烧效率和燃烧性能。The purpose of the utility model is to provide a flue air system for oxygen-enriched combustion and a boiler system including the flue air system. The flue air system can improve the combustion efficiency and combustion performance of pulverized coal in the boiler during oxygen-enriched combustion.
为了实现上述目的,本实用新型提供一种用于富氧燃烧的烟风系统,该烟风系统包括用于连通锅炉和烟气处理装置的主风道,该主风道上设置有烟气除杂装置,所述烟风系统还包括循环风道,该循环风道与所述主风道连通并且位于所述烟气除杂装置的下游,所述循环风道包括并联设置的第一风道和第二风道,来自所述第一风道的一次风用于将煤粉送入锅炉中,所述第二风道向所述锅炉内通入二次风,其中,所述第二风道能够使得所述二次风从所述第二风道流出时的温度升高。In order to achieve the above object, the utility model provides a flue gas system for oxygen-enriched combustion, the flue gas system includes a main air duct for connecting the boiler and the flue gas treatment device, the main air duct is provided with a flue gas removal device, the flue gas system also includes a circulating air duct, which communicates with the main air duct and is located downstream of the smoke removal device, and the circulating air duct includes a first air duct and a first air duct arranged in parallel In the second air duct, the primary air from the first air duct is used to send coal powder into the boiler, and the second air duct introduces secondary air into the boiler, wherein the second air duct It is possible to increase the temperature of the secondary air when it flows out from the second air duct.
优选地,所述第二风道上设置有加热装置以加热经过所述第二风道的所述二次风。Preferably, a heating device is provided on the second air passage to heat the secondary air passing through the second air passage.
优选地,所述烟风系统包括补偿风道,该补偿风道能够连通所述锅炉的烟气出口和所述第二风道。Preferably, the flue gas system includes a compensating air duct, which can communicate with the flue gas outlet of the boiler and the second air duct.
优选地,所述第二风道上设置有风箱,所述补偿风道连接于所述风箱。Preferably, an air box is provided on the second air channel, and the compensation air channel is connected to the air box.
优选地,所述第二风道上还设置有第二风机,该第二风机位于所述风箱的下游。Preferably, a second fan is further provided on the second air duct, and the second fan is located downstream of the wind box.
优选地,所述循环风道还包括回烟风道,该回烟风道上设置有预热装置,并且所述第一风道和第二风道在所述预热装置的下游与所述回烟风道连接。Preferably, the circulating air duct also includes a smoke return air duct, a preheating device is arranged on the smoke return air duct, and the first air duct and the second air duct are connected with the return air duct downstream of the preheating device. Smoke duct connection.
优选地,来自供氧装置的第一氧气通道的氧气与所述一次风混合而形成的第一混合气体将所述煤粉系统中的煤粉送入所述锅炉中,来自供氧装置的第二氧气通道的氧气与所述二次风混合而形成的第二混合气体进入所述锅炉中。Preferably, the first mixed gas formed by mixing the oxygen from the first oxygen channel of the oxygen supply device with the primary air sends the pulverized coal in the pulverized coal system into the boiler, and the first air from the oxygen supply device The second mixed gas formed by mixing the oxygen in the secondary oxygen channel with the secondary air enters the boiler.
在上述技术方案的基础上,本实用新型还提供一种锅炉系统,该锅炉系统包括供氧装置、煤粉系统、锅炉、烟风系统和烟气处理装置,其中,所述烟风系统为本实用新型提供的用于富氧燃烧的烟风系统。On the basis of the above technical solution, the utility model also provides a boiler system, which includes an oxygen supply device, a pulverized coal system, a boiler, a flue gas system and a flue gas treatment device, wherein the flue gas system is the main The flue air system for oxygen-enriched combustion provided by the utility model.
优选地,所述烟气处理装置包括CO2处理装置和烟囱,所述主风道连通所述锅炉的烟气出口和所述烟囱,所述CO2处理装置设置在所述主风道上,所述烟风系统还包括第一排烟风道,该第一排烟风道与所述CO2处理装置并联地连接在所述主风道上,并且所述第一排烟风道上设置有第一阀门,所述补偿风道上设置有补偿阀门,所述循环风道上设置有循环风机和烟气阀门,当所述第一阀门导通时,所述补偿阀门截止,所述烟气阀门处于第一位置以使所述循环风道与大气连通,所述循环风机启动以抽取空气;当第一阀门截止时,所述补偿阀门导通,所述烟气阀门处于第二位置以使所述循环风道与所述主风道连通,所述循环风机启动以抽取烟气。Preferably, the flue gas treatment device includes a CO2 treatment device and a chimney, the main air duct communicates with the flue gas outlet of the boiler and the chimney, the CO2 treatment device is arranged on the main air duct, the The smoke air system also includes a first smoke exhaust air duct, which is connected to the main air duct in parallel with the CO2 processing device, and the first smoke exhaust air duct is provided with a first Valve, the compensation valve is set on the compensation air duct, the circulation fan and the flue gas valve are set on the circulation air duct, when the first valve is turned on, the compensation valve is closed, and the flue gas valve is in the first position so that the circulating air duct communicates with the atmosphere, and the circulating fan starts to extract air; when the first valve is closed, the compensation valve is turned on, and the smoke valve is in the second position to allow the circulating air The duct communicates with the main air duct, and the circulation fan is activated to extract flue gas.
优选地,所述除杂装置包括烟气冷凝器,所述烟风系统还包括第二排烟风道,该第二排烟风道与所述烟气冷凝器并联地连接在所述主风道上,所述第二排烟风道上设置有第二阀门以导通或截止所述第二排烟风道。Preferably, the impurity removal device includes a flue gas condenser, and the flue gas system further includes a second flue gas exhaust duct, the second flue gas exhaust duct is connected in parallel with the flue gas condenser at the main wind The second smoke exhaust duct is provided with a second valve for conducting or shutting off the second smoke exhaust duct.
通过上述技术方案,本实用新型提供的用于富氧燃烧的烟风系统通过提高二次风进入锅炉的温度,从而提高锅炉中氧气在CO2环境中的移动速度,促进氧气与煤粉的接触和燃烧,改善锅炉内着火延迟的现象,提高煤粉的燃烧效率,保证火焰的长度,使得锅炉内的燃烧状况更接近空气燃烧。Through the above technical scheme, the flue air system for oxygen-enriched combustion provided by the utility model increases the temperature of the secondary air entering the boiler, thereby increasing the moving speed of oxygen in the boiler in the CO2 environment, and promoting the contact between oxygen and pulverized coal And combustion, improve the phenomenon of ignition delay in the boiler, improve the combustion efficiency of pulverized coal, ensure the length of the flame, and make the combustion state in the boiler closer to air combustion.
本实用新型的其它特征和优点将在随后的具体实施方式部分予以详细说明。Other features and advantages of the present utility model will be described in detail in the following specific embodiments.
附图说明Description of drawings
附图是用来提供对本实用新型的进一步理解,并且构成说明书的一部分,与下面的具体实施方式一起用于解释本实用新型,但并不构成对本实用新型的限制。在附图中:The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the utility model, and constitute a part of the description, together with the following specific embodiments, are used to explain the utility model, but do not constitute a limitation to the utility model. In the attached picture:
图1是现有技术中用于富氧燃烧的锅炉系统的示意图;Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a boiler system used for oxyfuel combustion in the prior art;
图2是根据本实用新型的锅炉系统的示意图。Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a boiler system according to the present invention.
附图标记说明Explanation of reference signs
10锅炉;11脱硝装置;12预热器;13除尘器;14GGH;15脱硫装置;16烟气冷凝器;17CO2压缩纯化装置;18烟囱;10 boiler; 11 denitrification device; 12 preheater; 13 dust collector; 14GGH ; 15 desulfurization device; 16 flue gas condenser;
20补偿风道;21第一风道;22第二风道;23回烟风道;24循环风机;25第一风机;26第二风机;27风箱;28第一排烟风道;29第二排烟风道;20 compensation air duct; 21 first air duct; 22 second air duct; 23 smoke return duct; 24 circulation fan; 25 first fan; 26 second fan; Second exhaust duct;
30空分装置;31第一氧气通道;32第二氧气通道。30 air separation unit; 31 first oxygen channel; 32 second oxygen channel.
具体实施方式detailed description
以下结合附图对本实用新型的具体实施方式进行详细说明。应当理解的是,此处所描述的具体实施方式仅用于说明和解释本实用新型,并不用于限制本实用新型。The specific embodiment of the utility model will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to illustrate and explain the utility model, and are not intended to limit the utility model.
在本实用新型中,在未作相反说明的情况下,使用的术语“上游、下游”通常是指沿烟气流动方向上的“上游、下游”,但仅用于解释本实用新型,并不用于限制。In the present utility model, in the absence of a contrary statement, the terms "upstream and downstream" generally refer to "upstream and downstream" along the direction of flue gas flow, but they are only used to explain the present utility model and are not used to limit.
根据本实用新型的具体实施方式,提供一种用于富氧燃烧的烟风系统,该烟风系统包括用于连通锅炉10和烟气处理装置的主风道,该主风道上设置有烟气除杂装置,所述烟风系统还包括循环风道,该循环风道与所述主风道连通并且位于所述烟气除杂装置的下游,所述循环风道包括并联设置的第一风道21和第二风道22,来自所述第一风道21的一次风用于将煤粉送入锅炉10中,所述第二风道22向所述锅炉10内通入二次风,其中,所述第二风道22能够使得所述二次风从所述第二风道22流出时的温度升高。According to a specific embodiment of the present utility model, a flue air system for oxygen-enriched combustion is provided, the flue air system includes a main air duct for communicating with the boiler 10 and the flue gas treatment device, and the main air duct is provided with flue gas The impurity removal device, the flue gas system also includes a circulating air duct, the circulating air duct communicates with the main air duct and is located downstream of the flue gas impurity removal device, and the circulating air duct includes a first air duct arranged in parallel Channel 21 and second air channel 22, the primary air from the first air channel 21 is used to send pulverized coal into the boiler 10, and the second air channel 22 feeds secondary air into the boiler 10, Wherein, the second air duct 22 can increase the temperature of the secondary air when it flows out from the second air duct 22 .
在锅炉10内,二次风是在煤粉着火后才通入的,由于高温火焰的粘度很大,因此,二次风必须以很高的速度才能穿透火焰,以增强其中的氧气与焦碳粒子表面的接触和混合,由于单位时间内进入锅炉10的二次风的量是一定的,因此,通过提高通入锅炉10中的二次风的温度能够使得二次风的体积膨胀,增大进入锅炉10中的速度,促进氧气与煤粉的接触和燃烧,改善着火延迟、火焰长度较小等现象,同时,由于二次风的温度得到了提升,因此,锅炉10内火焰的温度不会因二次风的通入而明显降低,由此保证了锅炉10内着火的稳定性和燃烧温度,同时促进煤粉完全燃烧,提高燃烧效率。可以根据实际需要来控制二次风通过第二风道后温度提升后所达到的温度,本实用新型对此并不加以限制。In the boiler 10, the secondary air is introduced after the pulverized coal is ignited. Due to the high viscosity of the high-temperature flame, the secondary air must penetrate the flame at a very high speed to enhance the oxygen and coke in it. The contact and mixing on the surface of carbon particles, because the amount of secondary air entering the boiler 10 per unit time is constant, therefore, by increasing the temperature of the secondary air passing into the boiler 10, the volume of the secondary air can be expanded and the volume of the secondary air can be increased. Increase the speed of entering the boiler 10, promote the contact and combustion of oxygen and pulverized coal, improve the phenomenon of ignition delay and small flame length, and at the same time, because the temperature of the secondary air has been increased, the temperature of the flame in the boiler 10 is not high. It will be significantly reduced due to the introduction of the secondary air, thereby ensuring the stability of the ignition and the combustion temperature in the boiler 10, and at the same time promoting the complete combustion of pulverized coal and improving the combustion efficiency. The temperature reached by the secondary air after passing through the second air passage can be controlled according to actual needs, which is not limited by the present invention.
下面将结合图2详细描述本实用新型的具体实施方式,在进行详细的描述之前,首先要说明的是,在本实用新型中,烟气从锅炉10中流出并进入主烟道,通过除杂装置除去其中的SO2、NOX和颗粒物等,还可以有选择地除去烟气中的水分,因此,烟气可以通过任意合适的脱硫装置、脱硝装置、除尘装置、干燥装置,以将上述成分除去。在本实用新型的具体实施方式中,采用图2中所示的顺序将烟气中的SO2、NOX和颗粒物(还可以包括水分)等依次除去:烟气在主风道上依次经过脱硫装置11、除尘器13、GGH14、脱硫装置15。在用于富氧干循环燃烧的烟风系统中,烟气还需要经过烟气冷凝器16以将烟气中的水分除去,而在用于富氧是循环燃烧的烟风系统中,烟气不需要经过烟气冷凝器16。在图2中所示的实施方式中,所选择的脱硝装置11在去除NOX时需要较高的温度条件,因此,可以将脱硝装置11安装在锅炉10的烟气出口上。The specific embodiment of the utility model will be described in detail below in conjunction with FIG. 2. Before the detailed description, it should first be explained that in the utility model, the flue gas flows out from the boiler 10 and enters the main flue, and is cleaned by removing impurities. The device removes SO 2 , NO X and particulate matter, etc., and can also selectively remove the moisture in the flue gas. Therefore, the flue gas can pass through any suitable desulfurization device, denitrification device, dust removal device, and drying device to remove the above components remove. In a specific embodiment of the present utility model, the sequence shown in Figure 2 is used to remove SO 2 , NO X and particulate matter (including moisture) in the flue gas in sequence: the flue gas passes through the desulfurization device in sequence on the main air duct 11. Dust collector 13, GGH 14, desulfurization device 15. In the flue gas system used for oxygen-enriched dry cycle combustion, the flue gas also needs to pass through the flue gas condenser 16 to remove the moisture in the flue gas, while in the flue gas system used for oxygen-enriched cycle combustion, the flue gas There is no need to pass through the flue gas condenser 16. In the embodiment shown in FIG. 2 , the selected denitrification device 11 requires higher temperature conditions when removing NO x , therefore, the denitrification device 11 can be installed on the flue gas outlet of the boiler 10 .
在本实用新型提供的具体实施方式中,能够通过多种形式提高二次风从第二风道22中流出时的温度,例如,在第二风道22上设置加热装置以加热经过第二风道22的所述二次风,从而实现二次风温度的提高。该加热装置可以为任意合适的形式,例如,可以是换热器、电加热器等。In the specific embodiment provided by the utility model, the temperature of the secondary air when it flows out of the second air passage 22 can be increased through various forms, for example, a heating device is provided on the second air passage 22 to heat the air passing through the second air passage. The secondary air of the channel 22, so as to realize the improvement of the temperature of the secondary air. The heating device can be in any suitable form, for example, it can be a heat exchanger, an electric heater, and the like.
考虑到经济性等因素,在本实用新型提供的具体实施方式中,优选地,所述烟风系统包括补偿风道20,该补偿风道20能够连通所述锅炉10的烟气出口和所述第二风道22,从而将来自烟气出口的具有较高温度的烟气引入二次风中,实现当二次风从第二风道22中流出时温度升高的目的。可以通过控制补偿风道20中的烟气的速度来控制从第二风道22中流出的二次风的温度,例如,在补偿风道20上设置送风机。Considering factors such as economy, in the specific embodiment provided by the utility model, preferably, the flue gas system includes a compensating air duct 20, and the compensating air duct 20 can communicate with the flue gas outlet of the boiler 10 and the The second air duct 22 introduces the flue gas with a relatively high temperature from the flue gas outlet into the secondary air, so that the temperature of the secondary air increases when the secondary air flows out of the second air duct 22 . The temperature of the secondary air flowing out from the second air duct 22 can be controlled by controlling the velocity of the flue gas in the compensation air duct 20 , for example, a blower is provided on the compensation air duct 20 .
为了使得二次风从第二风道22中流出时温度均匀,第二风道22上可以设置有风箱27,补偿风道20连接于风箱27,从而使得通过循环风道进入第二风道22的烟气与通过补偿风道20进入第二风道22的烟气在风箱27中混合,使得混合后从第二管道22中流出的二次风的温度均匀,并且还能够降低对第二风道22的管道壁的热应力刺激。In order to make the temperature of the secondary air flow out from the second air duct 22 uniform, the second air duct 22 can be provided with an air box 27, and the compensation air duct 20 is connected to the air box 27, so that it enters the second air duct 22 through the circulating air duct. The flue gas and the flue gas entering the second air duct 22 through the compensating air duct 20 are mixed in the wind box 27, so that the temperature of the secondary air flowing out of the second duct 22 after mixing is uniform, and the influence on the second air can be reduced. Thermal stress stimulation of the duct wall of the duct 22.
另外,为了增大流出第二风道22时二次风的速度,第二风道22上可以设置有第二风机26,该第二风机26于风箱27的下游,从而以较高的速度将混合后的二次风从第二风道22送出。相应地,第一风道21上可以设置第一风机25,从而以较高的速度将一次风从第一风道21中送出。In addition, in order to increase the speed of the secondary air when it flows out of the second air duct 22, the second air duct 22 can be provided with a second blower fan 26, which is located downstream of the wind box 27, so as to blow the secondary air at a higher speed. The mixed secondary air is sent out from the second air duct 22 . Correspondingly, the first fan 25 can be arranged on the first air duct 21 , so that the primary air can be sent out from the first air duct 21 at a relatively high speed.
另外,在富氧燃烧的过程中,由于一次风也需要进入锅炉10中燃烧,因此一次风的温度太低也会影响锅炉10中的燃烧环境,但一次风的温度太高会引起提供煤粉的煤粉系统爆炸,因此,只需要适当地提高一次风的温度即可。在这种情况下,所述循环风道可以包括回烟风道23,该回烟风道23上设置有预热装置,并且所述第一风道21和第二风道22在所述预热装置的下游与所述回烟风道23连接,从而使得再循环的烟气在进入第一风道21和第二风道22之前进行第一次加热,同时提高一次风和二次风的温度。In addition, in the process of oxygen-enriched combustion, since the primary air also needs to enter the boiler 10 for combustion, too low temperature of the primary air will also affect the combustion environment in the boiler 10, but too high temperature of the primary air will cause the supply of pulverized coal The pulverized coal system exploded, so it is only necessary to increase the temperature of the primary air appropriately. In this case, the circulating air duct may include a smoke return air duct 23 on which a preheating device is arranged, and the first air duct 21 and the second air duct 22 are arranged in the preheating air duct 23 The downstream of the heating device is connected to the flue return air duct 23, so that the recirculated flue gas is heated for the first time before entering the first air duct 21 and the second air duct 22, and at the same time, the air flow rate of the primary air and the secondary air is increased. temperature.
预热装置可以以任意合适的方式设置。考虑到的是,烟气从锅炉10的烟气出口流出之后,具有较高的温度,因此,可以在脱硝装置11的下游设置空气预热器12,该空气预热器12可以用作上述预热装置,使得烟气出口处的高温烟气与再循环的烟气进行热交换,从而提高一次风和二次风的温度。The preheating means may be arranged in any suitable manner. It is considered that after the flue gas flows out from the flue gas outlet of the boiler 10, it has a relatively high temperature. Therefore, an air preheater 12 can be arranged downstream of the denitrification device 11, and the air preheater 12 can be used as the above-mentioned preheater. The heating device makes the high-temperature flue gas at the flue gas outlet exchange heat with the recirculated flue gas, thereby increasing the temperature of the primary air and the secondary air.
另外,根据本实用新型的具体实施方式提供的烟风系统用于富氧燃烧,因此,一次风、二次风可以在进入锅炉10之前与氧气进行混合,优选地,一次风在进入煤粉系统之前就与氧气进行混合,即:来自连接于供氧装置的第一氧气通道31的氧气与所述一次风混合而形成的第一混合气体将煤粉系统中的煤粉送入所述锅炉10中,来自连接于供氧装置的第二氧气通道32的氧气与所述二次风混合而形成的第二混合气体进入所述锅炉10中,在这种情况下,锅炉10内的各处的燃烧大致均匀,从而使得锅炉10内各处的温度大致均匀,避免出现局部高温现象,同时保证了锅炉10内的稳定燃烧,提高了煤粉的燃烧性能和燃烧效率。在本实用新型提供的具体实施方式中,供氧装置可以为空分装置30。In addition, the flue air system provided according to the specific embodiment of the utility model is used for oxygen-enriched combustion, therefore, the primary air and the secondary air can be mixed with oxygen before entering the boiler 10, preferably, the primary air enters the pulverized coal system It is mixed with oxygen before, that is: the first mixed gas formed by mixing the oxygen from the first oxygen channel 31 connected to the oxygen supply device with the primary air sends the pulverized coal in the pulverized coal system into the boiler 10 In the process, the second mixed gas formed by mixing the oxygen from the second oxygen channel 32 connected to the oxygen supply device and the secondary air enters the boiler 10, in this case, the boiler 10 everywhere Combustion is roughly uniform, so that the temperature in the boiler 10 is roughly uniform, local high temperature phenomenon is avoided, and stable combustion in the boiler 10 is ensured, and the combustion performance and combustion efficiency of pulverized coal are improved. In a specific embodiment provided by the present invention, the oxygen supply device may be an air separation device 30 .
在上述内容的基础上本实用新型还提供一种锅炉系统,该锅炉系统包括供氧装置、煤粉系统、锅炉10、烟风系统和烟气处理装置,其中,所述烟风系统为本实用新型提供的用于富氧燃烧的烟风系统。On the basis of the above content, the utility model also provides a boiler system, which includes an oxygen supply device, a pulverized coal system, a boiler 10, a flue gas system and a flue gas treatment device, wherein the flue gas system is the utility model Newly provided flue air system for oxy-fuel combustion.
考虑到电厂中大部分锅炉系统大多是用于空气燃烧的锅炉系统,即便有既能够用于空气燃烧又能够用于富氧燃烧的锅炉系统,其燃烧性能和燃烧效率也并不理想。同时,由于这种兼顾空气燃烧和富氧燃烧的锅炉系统大多是从单用于空气燃烧的锅炉系统改造而成的,因此,需要另外设置循环烟道以用于富氧燃烧,这不仅需要较大的占地面积,还需要投入较高的工程造价以及劳动力。因此,本实用新型提供的锅炉系统优选为兼顾空气燃烧和富氧燃烧的锅炉系统,在这种锅炉系统中,烟气处理装置包括CO2处理装置和烟囱18,所述主风道连通锅炉10的烟气出口和烟囱18,所述CO2处理装置设置在所述主风道上,所述烟风系统还包括第一排烟风道28,该第一排烟风道28与所述CO2处理装置并联地连接在所述主风道上,并且所述第一排烟风道28上设置有第一阀门,补偿风道20上设置有补偿阀门,循环风道上设置有循环风机24和烟气阀门,当所述第一阀门导通时,补偿阀门截止,CO2处理装置处于关闭状态,同时,烟气阀门处于第一位置以使循环风道与大气连通,循环风机24启动以抽取空气,在这种情况下,锅炉系统用于空气燃烧,燃烧后产生的烟气经过除杂装置之后,通过第一排烟风道28排入烟囱,进而排入大气中。而当第一阀门截止时,补偿风道20导通,CO2处理装置处于开启状态,烟气阀门处于第二位置以使所述循环风道与所述主风道连通,所述循环风机24启动以抽取烟气,在这种情况下,锅炉系统用于富氧燃烧,燃烧后产生的烟气一部分进入循环风道回到锅炉10中,另一部分进入CO2处理装置进行压缩纯化,以将烟气中大量的CO2转化为液态,便于运输和封存,剩余的烟气可以直接排到周围的环境中,也可以将CO2处理装置连接到烟囱18,通过烟囱18排到空气中。在本实用新型的具体实施方式中,CO2处理装置可以为CO2压缩纯化装置17。Considering that most of the boiler systems in power plants are mostly used for air combustion, even if there is a boiler system that can be used for both air combustion and oxygen-enriched combustion, its combustion performance and efficiency are not ideal. At the same time, since this kind of boiler system that takes into account both air combustion and oxyfuel combustion is mostly transformed from a boiler system that is only used for air combustion, it is necessary to set up a circulating flue for oxyfuel combustion, which not only requires more A large footprint also requires a higher engineering cost and labor. Therefore, the boiler system provided by the utility model is preferably a boiler system that takes into account both air combustion and oxygen-enriched combustion. In this boiler system, the flue gas treatment device includes a CO treatment device and a chimney 18, and the main air duct communicates with the boiler 10 The flue gas outlet and the chimney 18, the CO 2 treatment device is arranged on the main air duct, the flue air system also includes a first smoke exhaust duct 28, the first smoke exhaust duct 28 is connected to the CO 2 The processing device is connected in parallel to the main air duct, and the first exhaust air duct 28 is provided with a first valve, the compensation air duct 20 is provided with a compensation valve, and the circulation air duct is provided with a circulation fan 24 and a flue gas valve, when the first valve is turned on, the compensation valve is cut off, the CO2 processing device is in a closed state, and at the same time, the flue gas valve is in the first position to communicate the circulating air duct with the atmosphere, and the circulating fan 24 is started to extract air, In this case, the boiler system is used for air combustion, and the flue gas generated after combustion passes through the impurity removal device, and then is discharged into the chimney through the first smoke exhaust duct 28, and then discharged into the atmosphere. And when the first valve is closed, the compensation air duct 20 is conducted, the CO2 processing device is in the open state, the flue gas valve is in the second position so that the circulating air duct communicates with the main air duct, and the circulating fan 24 Start to extract the flue gas, in this case, the boiler system is used for oxygen-enriched combustion, part of the flue gas generated after combustion enters the circulating air duct and returns to the boiler 10, and the other part enters the CO2 treatment device for compression and purification to convert A large amount of CO 2 in the flue gas is converted into a liquid state, which is convenient for transportation and storage. The remaining flue gas can be directly discharged into the surrounding environment, or the CO 2 processing device can be connected to the chimney 18, and discharged into the air through the chimney 18. In a specific embodiment of the present invention, the CO 2 processing device may be a CO 2 compression purification device 17 .
另外,在上述具体实施方式中,为了使得锅炉系统既适合富氧干循环燃烧又适合富氧湿循环燃烧,所述除杂装置可以包括烟气冷凝器16,所述烟风系统还可以包括第二排烟风道29,该第二排烟风道29与所述烟气冷凝器16并联地连接在所述主风道上,第二排烟风道29上设置有第二阀门以导通或截止第二排烟风道19,当第二排烟风道19导通时,烟气冷凝器16关闭,这种状态下的锅炉系统可以用于富氧干循环燃烧;当第二排烟风道19截止时,烟气冷凝器16打开,这种状态下的锅炉系统可以用于富氧湿循环燃烧,也可以用于空气燃烧。In addition, in the above specific embodiments, in order to make the boiler system suitable for both oxygen-enriched dry cycle combustion and oxygen-enriched wet cycle combustion, the impurity removal device may include a flue gas condenser 16, and the flue gas system may also include a second Two smoke exhaust ducts 29, the second smoke exhaust duct 29 is connected to the main air duct in parallel with the flue gas condenser 16, and the second smoke exhaust duct 29 is provided with a second valve to conduct or Cut off the second exhaust air duct 19, when the second exhaust air duct 19 is turned on, the flue gas condenser 16 is closed, and the boiler system in this state can be used for oxygen-enriched dry cycle combustion; when the second exhaust air duct When the passage 19 is closed, the flue gas condenser 16 is opened, and the boiler system in this state can be used for oxygen-enriched wet circulation combustion, and can also be used for air combustion.
以上结合附图详细描述了本实用新型的优选实施方式,但是,本实用新型并不限于上述实施方式中的具体细节,在本实用新型的技术构思范围内,可以对本实用新型的技术方案进行多种简单变型,这些简单变型均属于本实用新型的保护范围。The preferred embodiment of the utility model has been described in detail above in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, but the utility model is not limited to the specific details of the above-mentioned embodiment, and within the scope of the technical concept of the utility model, the technical solution of the utility model can be carried out in many ways. These simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present utility model.
另外需要说明的是,在上述具体实施方式中所描述的各个具体技术特征,在不矛盾的情况下,可以通过任何合适的方式进行组合,为了避免不必要的重复,本实用新型对各种可能的组合方式不再另行说明。In addition, it should be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any suitable way if there is no contradiction. The combination method will not be explained separately.
此外,本实用新型的各种不同的实施方式之间也可以进行任意组合,只要其不违背本实用新型的思想,其同样应当视为本实用新型所公开的内容。In addition, any combination of various implementations of the present invention can also be made, as long as they do not violate the idea of the present invention, they should also be regarded as the disclosed content of the present invention.
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CN105509037A (en) * | 2016-01-25 | 2016-04-20 | 中国神华能源股份有限公司 | Flue gas and air system for oxygen-enriched combustion and boiler system |
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