CN205389372U - Dark pine banking up fertilization combined operation cultivator - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to an intercultivator for subsoiling, ridge cultivation, ridge fertilization combined operation, which belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery. It includes a frame and a loosening device arranged on the frame in sequence, a fertilization ditching device and a subsoiling ridge cultivation device. The subsoiling ridge cultivation device includes a subsoiling shovel and a ridge cultivation device connected to the subsoiling shovel. The ridge cultivating device includes two moldboards with adjustable opening, an opening adjustment mechanism, a rotating connector and a shovel sleeve connected to the shovel handle. The two moldboards are respectively connected to the shovel sleeve through the rotating connector. In the adjustment mechanism, the shovel handle end of the subsoiling shovel is connected to the fixed block I, and is connected to the frame through the fixed block I. The utility model can complete the integrated complex operation such as subsoiling, layered fertilization, and ridge cultivation at one time during the operation process, and effectively solves the technical problems of agricultural production mechanization such as subsoiling and soil improvement, interval fertilization, and intertillage ridge cultivation.

Description

Subsoiling, cultivating, ridge and fertilizing joint operation field cultivator

technical field

The utility model belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, in particular to a field cultivator for combined operations of subsoiling, ridge cultivation, ridge fertilization and fertilization.

Background technique

China's actual cultivated land area is 1.33×10 ⁸ hm ² , rainfed and dry land accounts for 55.8%, most of which are concentrated in Northeast China, North China, Loess Plateau and Sichuan Basin. The Northeast region is the main commercial grain base in my country. The temperature in this region is low, the wind is strong in spring, the precipitation is limited, the amount of water resources is small, the crop water deficit is large, and the spring drought is very prominent. Taking Liaoning Province as an example, of the 4.13×10 ⁶ hm ² cultivated land in the whole province, the rain-fed dry land area is 2.745×10 ⁶ hm ² , accounting for 66.46%. However, due to the long-term household contract responsibility system and decentralized management of land, in order to increase crop yields and family income in a short period of time, excessive land reclamation, excessive use of chemical fertilizers and pesticides, excessive development of groundwater, and uncontrolled discharge of pollutants have resulted in heavy use of land and light use of land. Land cultivation, unreasonable planting system; insufficient organic fertilizer, imbalanced ratio of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and unreasonable distribution; the application of large power and machinery in production has declined, and the area of mechanized deep plowing and subsoiling has become less and less. The frequent compaction of power operation and mechanical operation makes the effective plow layer of the soil shallower and the bottom layer of the plow thickens, resulting in the deterioration of the physical and chemical properties of the plow layer soil and the decline of soil fertility, resulting in drought, flooding, soil erosion, soil nutrient reduction, and natural disasters. Frequent occurrence, structural damage and functional degradation of farmland ecosystems have led to increasingly prominent contradictions between the ecological environment, natural resources and agricultural development, seriously restricting the improvement of crop productivity and exacerbating soil erosion in arid and semi-arid areas.

On the other hand, subsoiling, ridge cultivation and fertilization are important field management links in the planting process of corn and other crops. Among them, it has the ability to break the bottom of the plow, deepen the plow layer, improve the structure of the plow layer, and improve the ability of soil water storage and moisture conservation, drought resistance and flood resistance. With the continuous development of conservation tillage, subsoiling is an important part of conservation tillage. Applying fertilizer while subsoiling will greatly reduce the number of entry times and break the bottom layer of the plow, improve the internal structure of the soil, and increase the water storage of the soil. ability. Cultivating ridges can make corn lodging resistant after plucking ears and avoid rainwater-induced diseases. At present, there is still a lack of subsoiling, cultivating, ridge and fertilizing combined operation field cultivators that meet the mechanization technical requirements of corn and other crops in China. When the machine is working, one machine can be used for multiple purposes, and it can complete the integrated complex operations such as subsoiling, layered fertilization, and ridge cultivation in one go, which meets the agronomic requirements; reduces the compaction of the machine tools to the soil, and reduces the investment in agricultural machinery. , reduce operating costs. The machine has a reasonable structural layout and balanced force, and it has broad market prospects as a supporting machine tool for rational tillage layer construction in dry land.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the above-mentioned technical problems, the utility model provides a cultivator for subsoiling, cultivating, ridge and fertilizing combined operation.

The purpose of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solutions:

A field cultivator for combined operation of subsoiling, cultivating ridges and fertilizing, comprising a frame and a soil loosening device, a fertilization and ditching device, and a subsoiling and cultivating device arranged sequentially on the frame, the subsoiling and cultivating device includes a subsoiling shovel and A ridge cultivating device connected to the subsoiling shovel. The ridge cultivating device includes two mold walls with adjustable openings, an opening adjustment mechanism, a rotating connector and a shovel sleeve connected to the shovel handle. The two mold walls are respectively connected by rotation. The piece is connected to the shovel cover, and the opening adjustment mechanism is set between the two plow walls. The handle end of the subsoiling shovel is connected to the fixed block Ⅰ, and is connected to the frame through the fixed block Ⅰ.

Further, the subsoiling shovel is composed of a shovel handle, a shovel handle cover, a shovel cover and a shovel tip. One end of the shovel handle is connected to the fixed block I, and the other end is connected to the shovel tip. The transition between the straight section and the curved section of the shovel handle A shovel handle cover is arranged in the section, and a shovel cover is arranged outside the shovel handle cover, and the shovel handle cover and the shovel cover are used for connecting the ridge cultivation device.

Further, the opening adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment rod I connected to the shovel handle sleeve and adjustment rods II and III connected to the two mold walls, and the three adjustment rods are all provided with adjustment holes to adjust the opening of the two mold walls. degree, the adjustment range of moldboard opening is 60°～90°.

Further, one end of the fixed block I is connected to the shovel handle, and the other end is a U-shaped frame structure, which is connected to the machine frame through the U-shaped frame structure.

Further, the soil loosening device includes a U-shaped clamp I, a fixed seat, a knife holder and a disc cutter, one end of the fixed seat is connected to the U-shaped clamp I, and the other end is connected to the knife holder, the end of the knife holder is a U-shaped structure, and the disc cutter The cutter shaft is installed on the U-shaped structure end of the tool holder.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

The utility model can simultaneously complete subsoiling, layered fertilization, ridge cultivation and other integrated compound combined operation cultivators in one operation process. Fertilization can realize multi-layer combined fertilization, more uniform fertilization, controllable depth, deep fertilization according to soil and crop needs, can avoid chemical fertilizer volatilization and wind erosion, and improve chemical fertilizer utilization rate. Layered and combined fertilization can prolong the release time of fertilizers and meet the needs of fertilizers in different growth stages of maize. So as to achieve the purpose of improving soil structure and performance, improving fertilizer efficiency and fertilizer utilization rate, saving chemical fertilizer consumption and increasing crop production. Subsoiling can loosen the soil, store water and keep moisture, create good conditions for the development of plant roots, promote root development, enhance the ability of crops to absorb nutrients, water and drought resistance, and benefit the growth of corn; and improve the water permeability and air permeability of the soil. The granular structure of the soil. The structure of the implement is simple and reasonable, reliable in use, and easy to adjust. It is a new type of high-efficiency subsoiling, layered fertilization, ridge cultivation and other integrated compound joint operation cultivator. The implements developed according to the utility model can realize the joint operation of one machine, effectively improve the utilization rate of large and medium-sized tractors, and effectively solve technical problems such as deep loosening and improving soil, fertilization at intervals, inter-cultivation and ridge cultivation. Supporting equipment for the implementation of the public welfare industry (agriculture) scientific research special fund project "Research on Technical Indicators for Rational Farming Layer Construction in Dry Land" (201503116).

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a structural representation of the utility model.

Fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the deep loosening ridge cultivating device in Fig. 1 .

FIG. 3 is a top view of FIG. 2 .

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the loosening device in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the fertilization device in Fig. 1 .

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the depth limiting device in Fig. 1 .

In the figure: 1. Upper suspension, 2. Rack, 3. Lower suspension,

4. Soil loosening device, 41. U-shaped clamp Ⅰ, 42. Fixed seat, 43. Knife holder, 44. Disc knife, 45. Disc inner cover, 46. Cutter shaft,

5. Depth limiting device, 51. Depth limiting wheel, 52. Fixing frame, 53. U-shaped clamp II, 54. Depth limiting rod,

6. Openers,

7. Subsoiling ridge planting device, 71. Fixed block Ⅰ, 72. Shovel handle, 73. Adjusting rod Ⅰ, 74. Connecting piece, 75. Plow wall, 76. Shovel tip, 77. Shovel cover, 78. Shovel handle cover , 79. Adjusting lever Ⅱ, 70. Adjusting lever Ⅲ;

8. Fertilizer, 81. Fertilizer box, 82. Fertilizer, 83. Fixed block II.

detailed description

The utility model is described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Embodiment: As shown in Fig. 1-Fig. 3, the utility model is a kind of subsoiling cultivating ridge and fertilization joint operation cultivator, comprises frame 2 and loosening device 4 that is arranged on frame 2 successively, fertilization ditching device and Subsoiling ridge planting device 7, described subsoiling ridge planting device 7 comprises subsoiling shovel and the planting ridge device that is connected on the subsoiling shovel, and described ridge planting device comprises two mold walls 75 of adjustable opening, opening The adjustment mechanism, the rotating connector 74 and the shovel cover 77 connected to the shovel handle, the two plow walls 75 are respectively connected to the shovel cover 77 through the rotating connector 74, the opening adjustment mechanism is set between the two plow walls 74, and the shovel handle 72 ends of the subsoiling shovel Connect the fixed block I71, and connect to the frame 2 through the fixed block I71.

As shown in Figure 2, the subsoiling shovel is composed of a shovel handle 72, a shovel handle cover 78, a shovel cover 77 and a shovel tip 76. One end of the shovel handle 72 is connected to the fixed block I71, and the other end is connected to the shovel tip 76. On the shovel handle 72 A shovel handle cover 78 is arranged at the transition section between the straight bar section and the curved bar section, and a shovel handle cover 77 is arranged outside the shovel handle cover 78, and the shovel handle cover 78 and the shovel cover 77 are used to connect the ridge cultivation device.

As shown in Figure 3, the opening adjustment mechanism includes an adjustment rod I73 connected to the shovel handle cover 78, an adjustment rod II79 and an adjustment rod III70 connected to the two mower walls 75, and the three adjustment rods are all equipped with adjustment levers. hole, adjust the opening of the two moldboards according to actual needs, and the adjustment range of the opening of the moldboard is 60°～90°.

One end of the fixed block I71 is connected to the shovel handle 72, and the other end is a U-shaped frame structure, which is connected to the frame 2 through the U-shaped frame structure.

The subsoiling ridge planting device 7 combines the subsoiling part and the ridge planting part into one part, and can adjust the angle and height in two directions according to the actual situation, which not only simplifies the machine structure, but also reduces the working resistance of the machine and reduces the fuel consumption rate , to achieve the role of energy saving and emission reduction. Functionally, the subsoiling and cultivating ridge device can simultaneously cultivate the ridges under the condition of subsoiling.

As shown in Fig. 4, described soil loosening device 4 comprises U-shaped clip I 41, fixed seat 42, knife rest 43 and disc knife 44, and fixed seat 42 one end connects U-shaped clip I, and the other end connects knife rest 43, and the knife rest The end of 43 is a U-shaped structure, and the cutter shaft 46 of the disc cutter 44 is installed on the U-shaped structure end of the knife holder, and the disc inner cover 45 is installed between the disc cutter 44 and the knife rest 43 on the cutter shaft 46 to ensure that the disc cutter 44 Scroll in a straight line. The disc cutter 44 can be adjusted at 70-100mm according to the actual working depth, loosens the soil during the working process, reduces the resistance of deep loosening, and prevents the stalks from being entangled.

As shown in Figure 5, the fertilization ditching device includes a fertilization device 8 and a ditching device, the ditching device is placed below the frame 2, and the fertilization device 8 is placed above the frame 2, including a fertilizer box 81 and a fertilizer box arranged on the fertilizer box. 81 The fertilizer discharger 82 at the fertilizer outlet, the number of fertilizer discharger 82 and 6 ditch openers are the same as the number of subsoiling shovels of the subsoiling ridge planting device, and the ditch openers 6 and the subsoiling shovels are located at the same On the axis; the fertilizer discharge pipe outlet of the fertilizer discharge device 82 is placed behind the ditching device ditch opener 6.

As shown in Figure 6, a depth-limiting device 5 is also arranged between the disc cutter 44 on one side of the frame 2 and the opener 6, including a depth-limiting wheel 51, a depth-limiting rod 54 and a fixed mount 52, and the depth-limiting rod One end of the 54 is connected to the depth gauge wheel 51, and the other end is connected to the frame 2 through the fixing frame 52. A plurality of adjustment holes are provided on the depth-limiting rod 54, and the scope of adjusting the subsoiling depth is 200～250mm.

The utility model of subsoiling, cultivation, ridge and fertilization joint operation cultivator, supporting power 40-50kW, external dimensions (length × width × height) 1835mm × 1250mm × 1468mm, can complete subsoiling depth of 25-30cm, and fertilization depth is 10cm, 14cm respectively , 18cm, working width 1.5m, two lines of fertilization at one time, subsoiling depth, fertilization depth and width from seedling belt are all adjustable, and the working efficiency is 8-11 mu/hour. The upper suspension 1 and the lower suspension 3 are respectively connected with the tractor through pin shafts.

Claims (5)

1. a subsoiling banking up fertilizing combined operating cultivator, it is characterized in that: include frame and the loosening device being set in turn in frame, fertilising ditching device and subsoiling banking up device, described subsoiling banking up device includes deep soil loosing shovel and the banking up device being connected on deep soil loosing shovel, described banking up device includes two mouldboards of scalable aperture, opening adjustment mechanism, the shovel set of rotating connector and connection spade, two mouldboards connect shovel set respectively through rotating connector, between two mouldboards, opening adjustment mechanism is set, the spade end connection fixing block I of deep soil loosing shovel, it is connected in frame by fixed block I.

2. subsoiling banking up fertilizing combined operating cultivator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described deep soil loosing shovel is made up of spade, shovel shaft bearing casing, shovel set and spear, spade one end connection fixing block I, the other end connects spear, the changeover portion intersegmental at spade straight bar section and knee arranges shovel shaft bearing casing, arrange shovel set, shovel shaft bearing casing and shovel set outside shovel shaft bearing casing to be used for connecting banking up device.

3. subsoiling banking up fertilizing combined operating cultivator according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described opening adjustment mechanism includes the adjusting rod I being connected on shovel shaft bearing casing and the adjusting rod II, III being connected on two mouldboards, three adjusting rods all have adjustment hole, regulating two mouldboard apertures, mouldboard aperture range of accommodation is 60 °～90 °.

4. subsoiling banking up fertilizing combined operating cultivator according to claim 1, it is characterised in that: described fixed block I one end connects spade, and the other end is U-shaped shelf structure, is connected in frame by U-shaped shelf structure.

5. subsoiling banking up fertilizing combined operating cultivator according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described loosening device includes U-shaped folder I, fixing seat, knife rest and cutting disc, fixing seat one end connects U-shaped folder I, the other end connects knife rest, knife rest end is U-shape structure, and the cutter shaft of cutting disc is arranged on knife rest U-shape structure end.