CN205237330U - A hot processingequipment of laser for small -bore pipe inner wall - Google Patents
A hot processingequipment of laser for small -bore pipe inner wall Download PDFInfo
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- CN205237330U CN205237330U CN201520971304.2U CN201520971304U CN205237330U CN 205237330 U CN205237330 U CN 205237330U CN 201520971304 U CN201520971304 U CN 201520971304U CN 205237330 U CN205237330 U CN 205237330U
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Abstract
The utility model provides a hot processingequipment of laser for small -bore pipe inner wall, it includes: a plastic light path unit for inciting somebody to action disperse the shape laser beam and be transformed into the cross sectional shape and wait to process pipe fitting internal diameter, energy distribution for ring shape, external diameter are less than evenly or the even cavity of circumference energy distribution, the light beam of collimation for to be carried out the focusing mirror of circumference deflection reflection formation focused beam by the light beam that plastic light path unit was derived, the focal plane of focusing mirror is the toper cambered surface, and the focusing mirror is coaxial to be set up in the inside of waiting to process the pipe fitting, and the drive focusing mirror is along waiting to process linear motion mechanism and the the control unit that linear motion was made to the pipe fitting axial. The utility model discloses can improve the quality and the efficiency of processing when practicing thrift cost and simplifying processing by a wide margin.
Description
Technical field
The utility model relates to the field of laser processing for small-bore pipe, hole inwall, particularly a kind of for osculumThe laser heat processing device of footpath inside pipe wall.
Background technology
Current, in the hot-working method (as: built-up welding, heat treatment and surface alloying etc.) that is applied to pipe, hole inwall, largePoint-like or the circular thermals source of adopting, need to coordinate the athleticism of rotation and two frees degree of straight line to cover the interior table of whole pipe fitting moreFace, as reports such as patent documentation CN2397126Y, CN1060424A and CN202741888U. These patents in actual applications,Due to rotary heating, tend to form at inside pipe wall the overlap edge of spiral cutter trade and Repeat-heating, inevitablyCan affect roughness and the forming quality of machined surface. In addition, when workpiece does not allow, in the situation of rotation, need to carry out machine in terminalOn structure, design comprises the electrodeless rotation mechanisms such as circuit/light path, cooling water channel and protection gas circuit, its cost costliness, and complex structure, fallsLow reliability and the scope of application of equipment. In addition,, in traditional inside pipe wall arc surfacing technology, welding gun, welding torch etc. needStretch in pipe, the structural limitations that it is intrinsic appearance and size reduction volume and can process the internal diameter lower limit of pipe fitting, make it littleApplication in bore pipe in processing is limited. At present, almost not about can be used for bore pipe fitting inner wall built-up welding side below 20mmThe report of method, this just causes seldom has commercial small diameter metal multiple tube available. In order to meet the requirement of military service performance,Often adopt the homogenous materials such as stainless steel, copper, nickel-base alloy to make, thereby cause, this class tubing difficulty of processing is large, manufacturing costThe problem such as height and serious waste of resources.
Utility model content
The shortcoming of prior art in view of the above, it is a kind of in small-bore pipe that the purpose of this utility model is to provideThe laser heat processing device of wall, for solving the large problem of prior art small-bore pipe difficulty of processing.
For achieving the above object and other relevant objects, the utility model provides a kind of laser for small-bore pipe inwallDevice for heat treating, it comprises:
Be that annular, external diameter are less than pipe fitting internal diameter to be processed, energy for diverging laser beam is transformed into cross sectional shapeBe evenly distributed or the circumferential shaping optical path unit of the light beam of the uniform hollow of Energy distribution, collimation, shaping optical path unit is by being all-transPenetrating shaping light path or total transmissivity shaping light path forms;
For being carried out to circumferential deflection, the light beam of being derived by described shaping optical path unit reflects to form the focusing of focused beamMirror, the focusing surface of focus lamp is taper cambered surface, focus lamp is coaxially arranged at the inside of pipe fitting to be processed;
And drive the straight-line motion mechanism of described focus lamp along the axial moving linearly of pipe fitting to be processed,
Control module, described shaping optical path unit, focus lamp and described straight-line motion mechanism all with described control module phaseConnect.
Preferably, also comprise cooling unit, cooling unit comprise cooler and be connected with cooler for cooling instituteState the first loop of shaping optical path unit and the second servo loop for cooling described focus lamp, described second servo loop comprises with describedCooling block and the cooling tube being connected with cooling block that focus lamp rear end is connected, described cooling tube is by the inside and outside two pipe structures that coaxially arrangeBecome, inner tube flows out passage as cooling medium, and the gap between inner and outer pipes flows into passage as cooling medium; Described rectilinear motionMechanism is connected with described cooling tube.
Preferably, one end that described cooling tube is connected with described cooling block has the heat exchanging chamber that temporary cooling medium is used, instituteStating heat exchanging chamber is shorter than described outer tube by described inner tube and forms; The other end place of described cooling tube is stated inner tube and is longer than described outer tube,And by end cap, described outer tube is connected with described inner tube, end cap is provided with cooling medium inlet, the port conduct of described inner tubeCooling medium outlet.
Preferably, also comprise to the gas shield unit of carrying protective gas in pipe fitting to be processed, described gas shield listOne end in contact of first and described pipe fitting to be processed and being connected.
Preferably, described gas shield unit is placed in light beam and enters one end of described pipe fitting to be processed, described gas shieldUnit is the pipe fitting on sidewall with air admission hole, and one end of pipe fitting is with described pipe fitting close contact to be processed and be communicated with pipe fittingThe other end be provided with sealing use isolation mirror.
Preferably, described gas shield unit is placed in the one end that deviates from light beam and inject described pipe fitting to be processed, described gasProtected location is the breather pipe on sidewall with air admission hole, one end of described breather pipe and pipe fitting close contact to be processed and phaseLogical, the other end sealing shroud of described breather pipe is located on described cooling tube, and breather pipe and cooling tube can relative slidings.
Preferably, the working end of described focus lamp is the filled circles cone with radian, and the conical surface is accurately machined reflect focalizationFace, scabble at the tip of filled circles cone, and the non-operative end of focus lamp is solid cylinder.
Preferably, shaping optical path unit is be made up of collimating mirror, protruding conical reflector and recessed conical reflector completeReflection shaping light path.
Preferably, described shaping optical path unit is by collimation lens and two total transmissivity shaping light that plano-convex axicon lens formsRoad.
Preferably, also comprise the light beam reducing unit being arranged between described shaping optical path unit and described focus lamp.
As mentioned above, the laser heat processing device for small-bore pipe inwall of the present utility model, has the following beneficial effect that hasReally: by the utility model, small-bore pipe inwall is processed, action without spin, without considering amount of lap, does not exist repetitionThe problem of heating, has not only eliminated the overlap edge that spirality Repeat-heating produces, and has cancelled rotational motion mechanism and workRotary speed parameter in skill, only just can be realized whole inside pipe wall is processed by the rectilinear motion of one dimension. Therefore, Ke YiCost-saving and simplify and significantly improve quality and the efficiency of processing when technique. Because focus lamp is the cylinder with the conical surface,Be actually a solid anaerobic fine copper piece, structure is very simple, and reducible scope is larger, and the hollow beam of collimation alsoCan carry out diameter reduction by light beam reducing unit according to the actual requirements, therefore, device of the present utility model is than traditional electrical arc-weldingMethod caliber applicatory is less.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is shown as the light path principle signal of the laser heat processing device for small-bore pipe inwall of the present utility modelFigure.
Fig. 2 is shown as the laser heat processing device schematic diagram for small-bore pipe inwall of the present utility model.
Fig. 3 a, Fig. 3 b are shown as the utility model and apply the schematic diagram of protective gas.
Fig. 4 is shown as the concrete structure schematic diagram of cooling block described in the utility model and cooling tube.
Fig. 5 a is shown as the schematic diagram of shaping optical path unit employing total reflection light path.
Fig. 5 b, Fig. 5 c are respectively the AA in Fig. 5 a, the light path schematic cross-section at BB place.
Fig. 6 a, Fig. 6 b are shown as the schematic diagram of shaping optical path unit employing total transmissivity light path.
Fig. 7 is shown as the focused light passages enlarged drawing at focus lamp place.
Fig. 8 is shown as the shape figure of focal spot.
Element numbers explanation
1 pipe fitting to be processed
2 shaping optical path units
21 collimating mirrors
22 protruding conical reflectors
23 recessed conical reflectors
24 collimation lenses
25 plano-convex axicon lens
26 plano-concave axicon lens
27 convex lens
28 concavees lens
3 focus lamps
4 straight-line motion mechanisms
5 optical fiber interfaces
6 diverging light beams
7 hollows, collimated light beam
71 hollow divergent beams
The solid light beam of 72 collimation
8 focused beams
9 focal spots
10 overlay claddings
11 molten baths
12 bushing pipes
13 cooling blocks
14 cooling tubes
141 outer tubes
142 inner tubes
143 end caps
144 back-up blocks
145 cooling medium inlets
146 calm chambeies
147 cooling mediums flow into passage
148 heat exchanging chambers
149 cooling mediums flow out passage
1410 cooling medium outlets
15 driving mechanisms
16 laser instruments
17 control modules
18 coolers
26 gas shield unit
Detailed description of the invention
By particular specific embodiment, embodiment of the present utility model is described below, person skilled in the art scholar can be by thisThe disclosed content of description is understood other advantages of the present utility model and effect easily.
Refer to Fig. 1 to Fig. 8. Notice, appended graphic the illustrated structure of this description, ratio, size etc., all only in order toThe content that coordinates description to disclose, understands and reads for person skilled in the art scholar, not in order to limit the utility modelEnforceable qualifications, thus the technical essential meaning of tool not, the modification of any structure, the change of proportionate relationship or sizeAdjust, not affecting under effect that the utility model can produce and the object that can reach, all should still drop on the utility modelIn the scope that the technology contents disclosing can be contained. Meanwhile, in this description, quote as " on ", D score, " left side "," right side ", " centre " and " one's " etc. term, also only for ease of understanding of narrating, but not enforceable in order to limit the utility modelScope, the change of its relativeness or adjustment, changing under technology contents without essence, enforceable when being also considered as the utility modelCategory.
The utility model makes full use of processing object---geometric features and the Laser Transmission characteristic of small-bore pipe, and logicalCross change light path design, traditional point-like or circular focal spot are changed into the annular focal spot circumferentially focusing at inside pipe wall. Focal spotFirst the change of shape will consider that can its energy density meet the hot worked requirement of metal, for what need to focus at inside pipe wallAnnular focal spot, the computing formula of its energy density is P/ π dw, and wherein, P is laser power, and d is pipe fitting internal diameter, and what w was hot spot is wideDegree, π is pi. Obviously, the energy density of annular focal spot and the inner diameter d of pipe to be processed are closely related, along with the increasing of boreLarge laser energy density reduces, but while being applied to small-bore pipe fitting processing, its advantage just can embody well. For example, laserPower P is 4kW, and when focal spot width is 0.3mm, processing object is the pipe fitting of bore 30mm, the energy density of focal spot up to 1.4 ×104W/cm2. And in conventional argon arc welding technique, in the time that electric current is 100A, the energy density of electric arc is approximately 0.5 × 104W/cm2. Can find through contrast, adopt commercial lasers device more than 5kW, annular focal spot can meet the common steel of fusing completelyThe requirement of the materials such as iron, aluminium alloy and nickel-base alloy.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the utility model provides a kind of laser heat processing device for small-bore pipe inwall, itsComprise: be that annular, external diameter are less than pipe fitting internal diameter to be processed, Energy distribution for diverging laser beam being transformed into cross sectional shapeThe shaping optical path unit 2 of the light beam of the uniform hollow of even or circumferential Energy distribution, collimation, shaping optical path unit 2 is by total reflectionShaping light path or total transmissivity shaping light path form;
Reflect to form the poly-of focused beam 8 for the light beam of being derived by described shaping optical path unit 2 being carried out to circumferential deflectionBurnt mirror 3, the focusing surface of focus lamp 3 is taper cambered surface, focus lamp 3 is coaxially arranged at the inside of pipe fitting 1 to be processed;
And drive the straight-line motion mechanism 4 of described focus lamp 3 along the axial moving linearly of pipe fitting to be processed,
Control module 17, described shaping optical path unit 2, focus lamp 3 and described straight-line motion mechanism 4 are all single with described controlUnit 17 is connected. As can be seen from Figure 1, laser is derived through optical fiber interface 5, forms diverging light beam 6, via shaping optical path unitThe reflection of multistage lens set or refraction in 2, output cross sectional shape is that annular, external diameter are less than bore to be processed and energy dividesThe uniform hollow of cloth, collimated light beam 7, import the inside of pipe fitting 1 to be processed, and front illuminated is in the focusing being coaxially arranged in pipeOn mirror 3, via the circumferential deflection reflection of the taper focusing surface of focus lamp, form focused beam 8, at the inwall of pipe fitting 1 to be processedForm the focal spot 9 of the annular high-energy-density vertical with axis. Under the heating of focal spot 9, the inwall ring of pipe fitting 1 to be processedHeating up rapidly or fusing in shape region, meanwhile, drives focus lamp 3 to make coaxial rectilinear motion by straight-line motion mechanism 4, fromAnd form the planar machining locus of cylinder at inside pipe wall.
The utility model, in order to obtain the annular focal spot focusing on inside pipe wall, adopts circumferential deflection reflected version to gatherJiao, is designed to taper cambered surface by the focusing surface of focus lamp, and in cambered surface, the focus of every bit is all positioned on the same annulus of inside pipe wall.In addition, the light beam of the hollow after focus lamp, shaping, collimation and pipe fitting to be processed need coaxial setting. Wherein, the focusing surface of focus lampJust, to entering hollow, the collimated light beam 7 in pipe, the light beam of being derived by shaping optical path unit 2, like this, just can produce circumferentially partiallyTurn reflect focalization, on inside pipe wall, form the focal spot of annular. Owing to injecting, beam energy density in pipe is higher, when its formDuring for the solid collimated light beam of routine, the coaxiality deviation that focus lamp is small will cause Energy distribution on final annular focal spotExtremely uneven. Therefore, need to, before injecting in pipe, carry out shaping to light beam, make its cross section be the circular of hollow, like this,Even if there is coaxiality deviation in a small amount, also can ensure the uniformity of final focal spot energy density, namely the utility model is adoptedWith the effect of shaping optical path unit 2.
The working end of above-mentioned focus lamp 3 is the filled circles cone with radian, and the conical surface is accurately machined reflect focalization face, solidScabble at the tip of cone, and the non-operative end of focus lamp 3 is solid cylinder, and centre has standard thread hole; Its material isHighly purified oxygen-free copper. Because the cone point of focus lamp 3 is very tiny, while working long hours, there is the risk of most advanced and sophisticated fusing,Therefore, the tip of focus lamp 3 need to be scabbled. In this case, for fear of the plane on Ear Mucosa Treated by He Ne Laser Irradiation tip and produceThe risk of light echo, also needs the collimated light beam Cross section Design that incides inside pipe fitting to become hollow form, and the diameter of hollow wants largeScabble the diameter of end in focus lamp.
The utility model also comprises cooling unit, cooling unit comprise cooler 18 and be connected with cooler 18 forThe first loop of cooling and shaping optical path unit 2 and for the second servo loop of cooling described focus lamp 3, second servo loop comprises and focusingThe connected cooling block 13 (cooling block is connected with the screwed hole on above-mentioned focus lamp) in mirror rear end be connected with cooling block 13 coolingPipe 14, cooling tube 14 is made up of inside and outside two pipes that coaxially arrange, and as shown in Figure 4, inner tube 142 flows out passage as cooling medium149, the gap between inner tube 142 and outer tube 141 flows into passage 147 as cooling medium; Straight-line motion mechanism 4 and cooling tube14 are connected.
As shown in Figure 2, the fibre-optical splice of shaping optical path unit 2 is connected with laser instrument 16 by Transmission Fibers. In this realityIn novel, laser instrument 16 can be high-capacity optical fiber laser, Nd:YAG laser instrument or CO2Gas laser. Work as laser instrumentFor CO2When gas laser, above-mentioned transmission light pricker need change the hard light path being made up of speculum into. Control module 17 passes through control lineCable is controlled the driving mechanism 15 in laser instrument 16, cooler 18 and straight-line motion mechanism 4 respectively. Cooler 18 passes through notSame cooling line carries out respectively cooling to shaping optical path unit 2, laser instrument 16 and focus lamp 3, each road cooling line all comprisesInto and out of two-way. Driving mechanism 15 is connected with cooling tube 14, cooling block 13 and focus lamp 3 successively by connector, is focus lamp 3Rectilinear motion is provided.
Limited space in small-bore pipe, cooling tube also needs to bear transmission and supporting role, and this just requires cooling tube in transmissionCooling medium efficiency also needs to possess good rigidity on higher basis, and conventional block form cooling tube is difficult to meet the demands. CauseThis, the utility model cooling tube 14 adopts double-layer coaxial structure, in order to ensure that cooling medium is unimpeded, inner tube 142 Hes of cooling tubeBetween outer tube 141, adopt some contact to support. One end that cooling tube 14 is connected with cooling block 13 has changing that temporary cooling medium usesHot chamber 143, heat exchanging chamber 143 is shorter than outer tube 141 by inner tube 142 and forms; The other end place inner tube 142 of cooling tube 14 is longer than outer tube143, and by end cap 143, outer tube 141 is connected with inner tube 142, end cap 143 is provided with pipe joint as cooling medium inlet145, the port of inner tube 142 exports 1410 as cooling medium, and forms calm chamber 146 at end cap 143 places. This design coldBut pipe, its advantage is mainly reflected in: can make full use of the space in pipe, very little with the interference of inside pipe wall; Can make water flowingSectional area maximizes, for focus lamp provides good cooling effect; The structural rigidity of cooling tube is very good, can protect at the volleyHold stability and the axiality of focus lamp.
In order to prevent that inside pipe wall from occurring problem of oxidation in LASER HEATING process, also comprise in pipe fitting to be processed and carry guarantorProtect the gas shield unit 19 of gas, an end in contact of gas shield unit 19 and described pipe fitting 1 to be processed and being connected. ThisUtility model provides two kinds of solutions that pass into protective gas, and one is logical from pipe fitting left end (near shaping unit end)Enter, see Fig. 3 a, another kind is to pass into from right-hand member (near motion end), sees Fig. 3 b.
As shown in Figure 3 a, gas shield unit 19 is placed in light beam and enters one end of pipe fitting 1 to be processed, and gas shield unit isOn sidewall, have the pipe fitting of air admission hole, one end of pipe fitting is with pipe fitting close contact to be processed and be communicated with, and the other end of pipe fitting is establishedHave the isolation mirror of sealing use, the function of isolation mirror protects gas to scatter and disappear to the left for stoping, and ensures that laser can be without hindrance every groundPass through. Like this, protective gas will flow into the inside of pipe fitting 1 to be processed from left side, and is subject to stopping of focus lamp 3, at its front endPlace forms stagnant area, and for heating region provides sufficient atmosphere protection, then, protective gas is from focus lamp 3 and pipe fitting 1 to be processedBetween gap in slowly flow out. Passing into after protective gas a period of time the space of inside pipe fitting complete protected gas instituteCover, completely cut off contacting between pipe fitting inner wall to be processed and air, thereby avoided the process of inside pipe wall in heating or fusingIn there is oxidative phenomena. The advantage of this ventilating mode is: the effect of gas shield is very good, and can take away partHeat, plays the effect to cooling focus lamp. But its shortcoming is: if it is more to produce flue dust in heating process, focus lamp holdsBe vulnerable to pollute.
As shown in Figure 3 b, gas shield unit 19 is placed in the one end that deviates from light beam and inject pipe fitting 1 to be processed, gas shield listUnit is for having the breather pipe of air admission hole on sidewall, air admission hole is one or more, and one end of breather pipe and pipe fitting to be processed are tightContact and communicating, the other end sealing shroud of breather pipe is located on cooling tube 14, and breather pipe and cooling tube 14 can relative slidings. ThisSample, protective gas will flow into inside pipe fitting to be processed from the right-hand member of pipe fitting 1 to be processed, and from focus lamp 3 and pipe fitting to be processed 1 itBetween gap in flow out, be full of whole inside pipe fitting, finally discharge from the left end of pipe fitting. The advantage of this ventilating mode is:The protective gas flowing out in gap can play the effect of gas curtain, prevents the smoke contamination focus lamp 3 producing in welding process.
Above-mentioned shaping optical path unit 2 by multistage concave, convex conical reflector or cone diaphotoscope and collimating mirror, bring together or expandSpeculum or the lens of bundle use form.
It is the formation of total reflection shaping light path that Fig. 5 a has provided shaping optical path unit. As can be seen from the figure, connect through optical fiberThe 5 diverging light beams 6 of deriving, are irradiated to the surface of collimating mirror 21, reflect to form the solid light beam 72 of collimation. Collimated light beam72 reflect to form hollow divergent beams 71 through protruding conical reflector 22, then, reflect through recessed conical reflector 23, form this practicalityNovel described hollow, collimated light beam 7. In light path, the cross sectional shape of A:A, B:B place light beam is as shown in Fig. 5 b, 5c. Total reflection is wholeShape scheme can be used for CO2Gas laser, in this scheme, the material of each speculum is the metal material higher to laser reflectivityMaterial, as: oxygen-free copper, molybdenum etc.
Fig. 6 a and 6b have provided the formation of two kinds of total transmissivity shaping light paths. The first total transmissivity shaping light path is mainly with relativelyThe plano-convex axicon lens arranging is core, as shown in Figure 6 a. As can be seen from the figure, fibre-optical splice is led the 5 diverging light beams 6 that go out,Form the solid light beam of collimation through collimation lens 24 refractions. Light beam after collimation reflects through first plano-convex axicon lens 25, in formationEmpty divergent beams, then, reflect through second plano-convex axicon lens 25, form hollow, collimated light beam 7 that the utility model requires.The second total transmissivity shaping light path mainly taking plano-concave axicon lens as core, as shown in Figure 6 b. As can be seen from the figure, optical fiber connectsHead is led the 5 diverging light beams 6 that go out, and forms the solid light beam of collimation through collimation lens 24 refractions, and the light beam after collimation through plano-concave cone thoroughlyMirror 26 refractions form hollow divergent beams, and then planoconvex lens 27 is brought together, then collimates by concavees lens 28, output the utility modelThe hollow collimated light beam 7 requiring.
Fig. 7 has provided focused light passages, and Fig. 8 has provided the shape of focal spot 9. Can find hollow, collimation in conjunction with Fig. 5 and Fig. 2Light beam 7 enters behind the inside of pipe fitting 1 to be processed, is irradiated on the taper focusing surface of focus lamp 3. The focusing surface of focus lamp 3 is just rightEnter the laser beam 7 in pipe, like this, the laser beam being radiated on focusing surface produces circumferential deflection reflect focalization light beam 8, finally existsInside pipe wall forms the annular focal spot 9 of high-energy-density.
If need the pipe fitting of different bores be processed, need to change the light path design of shaping unit or at shaping unitFront end increase auxiliary light beam reducing unit, the utility model also comprise be arranged on shaping optical path unit 2 and focus lamp 3 itBetween light beam reducing unit, to adjust the external diameter of output hollow beam, choose external diameter and focal length and pipe fitting to be processed phase simultaneouslyThe focus lamp of joining.
Utilize the utility model for the concrete processing method of the laser heat processing device of small-bore pipe inwall to be:
Before built-up welding, clear up the inner surface of female pipe of pipe fitting 1 to be processed (comprise female pipe and bushing pipe 12), remove its inner surfaceOxide-film, spot, grease etc. Bushing pipe 12 is pushed in female pipe, the outer wall that then makes bushing pipe 12 by the mode of machinery or hydraulic pressure withFemale inside pipe wall fits tightly.
Again focus lamp 3 is placed in pipe fitting to be processed, adjusts shaping optical path unit 2, pipe fitting to be processed 1 and focus lamp 3 and makeThree is coaxial; By focus lamp 3 push pipe in 1 until pipe fitting near shaping unit one end. If only need certain of built-up welding inside pipe fittingOne section, focus lamp 3 is pushed into desired position.
Open gas shield unit 19, protective gas is passed into the inside of pipe fitting 1 to be processed. The utility model providesForward and backward two kinds of structure diagrams that pass into the scheme of protective gas and designed gas shield unit, as shown in Fig. 3 a, 3b.
Open cooler 18, respectively to laser instrument 16, to the each eyeglass in shaping unit 2, carry out cooling to focus lamp 3.Wherein, the coaxial pipe structure for cooling that the utility model provides as shown in Figure 4. As can be seen from the figure, cooling medium is from cooler18 flow out the cooling medium inlet 145 that enters cooling tube 14, are full of the town being made up of end cap 143, outer tube 141 and inner tube 142Quiet chamber 146, then flows into the cooling medium that between outer tube 141 and inner tube 142, gap forms and flows into passage 147, by supportingPiece 144 mesopores enter heat exchanging chamber 148, and carry out heat exchange with cooling block 13 herein, take away the heat of focus lamp, then streamThe cooling medium entering in inner tube 142 flows out passage 149, flows out from cooling medium outlet 1410, returns cooler 24, thereby realThe now circulating cooling to focus lamp 3. The cooling tube of this design, its advantage is mainly reflected in: can make full use of the space in pipe,Very little with the interference of inside pipe wall; Can make the sectional area of water flowing maximize, for focus lamp provides good cooling effect; CoolingThe structural rigidity of water pipe is very good, can keep at the volley stability and the axiality of focus lamp.
Open laser instrument 22, laser enters shaping optical path unit 2 by fiber optic conduction through optical fiber interface 5. Laser beam is through shapingOptical path unit 2 Formation cross-sections are shaped as annular, external diameter and are less than the even or circumferential energy of pipe fitting internal diameter to be processed, Energy distribution and divideThe light beam of the uniform hollow of cloth, collimation, then the light beam of hollow, collimation is penetrated on focus lamp 3 again, line focus mirror 3 circumferential deflectionReflect focalization is on the inwall of pipe fitting 1 to be processed, and the focal spot 9 of formation annular high-energy-density. Under focal spot irradiatesBushing pipe 12 in annular region and inner surface of pipe fitting shallow-layer temperature raise rapidly, and fusing forms annular molten bath 11. Meanwhile,Cooling block 13 and focus lamp 3 moving linearlies that the driving mechanism 15 of straight-line motion mechanism drives cooling tube 14 and joins with it,Thereby also moving linearly thereupon of the focal spot on tube wall 9. After focal spot leaves, molten bath 11 cooled and solidified, make bushing pipe 12 and to be processedThe inner surface of pipe fitting 1 solidifies completely in conjunction with forming overlay cladding 10. Along with the movement of focal spot 9, in bushing pipe 10 and pipe fitting to be processedSurface constantly forms molten bath 11 and solidifies combination, until bushing pipe 12 is completed into overlay cladding 10. In addition, in weld deposit process, alsoThe surface that can treat processing pipe fitting 1 applies water-cooled, causes hydraulic performance decline to prevent that outer surface is overheated. Therefore, this practicality is newMethod described in type, in actual applications, not only can carry out hot-working to pipe fitting inner wall, and can prevent from going out in processThe problem of existing outer surface of pipe fittings hydraulic performance decline.
Finally, close laser instrument 16; Treat that focus lamp and shaping optical path unit 2 are cooled to room temperature, close cooler 18; Wait to pileAfter layer 10 is cooling, close gas shield unit 19; So far, small-bore pipe inner wall laser bead-welding technology described in the utility modelProcess completes.
The above embodiments are the application of the utility model in small-bore pipe inner wall overlaying. As for small-bore pipe inwallHeat treatment, does not need preset bushing pipe step, does not need to be heated to pipe fitting inner wall fusing yet, only needs to adjust laser power and focusingThe movement velocity of mirror, by heat treatment temperature required temperature control.
Certainly, different materials or heat processing technique, also different to the requirement of heating-up temperature. In general, heatThe temperature of processing is usually less than the fusing point of material, and the techniques such as surface alloying, cladding, built-up welding require heating-up temperature at fusing pointAbove. Processing method described in the utility model in actual applications, can be by changing the motion of laser power and focus lampSpeed regulates firing rate and peak temperature, to adapt to the requirement of different processing technologys. Wherein, laser power is mainly by adjustingJoint laser output power is realized, and the movement velocity of focus lamp can be come by the speed that regulates straight-line driving mechanismRealize. The movement velocity that improves laser power and reduction focus lamp can improve speed and the peak temperature of heating, otherwise, fallLow. As can be seen here, processing method described in the utility model can meet the requirement of multiple heat processing technique in temperature control, possesses oneThe function that machine is multiplex.
In sum, a kind of laser heat processing device for small-bore pipe inwall of the utility model, is adding irrotationality in man-hourRotate and do, without considering amount of lap, do not have the problem of Repeat-heating, not only eliminated taking that spirality Repeat-heating producesEdge fit, and cancelled the rotary speed parameter in rotational motion mechanism and technique, only just can realize by the rectilinear motion of one dimensionWhole inside pipe wall is processed. Therefore, can cost-saving and simplify significantly improve in technique processing quality andEfficiency. Because focus lamp is the cylinder with the conical surface, be actually a solid anaerobic fine copper piece, structure is very simple, canThe scope of dwindling is larger, and the hollow beam of collimation also can carry out diameter reduction by reducing unit according to the actual requirements, and it canAdapt to the processing that caliber is less than the small-bore pipe of 20mm. So the utility model has effectively overcome all lacking of the prior artPut and tool high industrial utilization.
Above-described embodiment is illustrative principle of the present utility model and effect thereof only, but not new for limiting this practicalityType. Any person skilled in the art scholar all can, under spirit of the present utility model and category, carry out above-described embodimentModify or change. Therefore, there is the essence of conventionally knowing that the knowledgeable is not departing from the utility model and discloses under such as in technical fieldAll equivalences that complete under god and technological thought are modified or change, and must be contained by claim of the present utility model.
Claims (10)
1. for a laser heat processing device for small-bore pipe inwall, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Be that annular, external diameter are less than pipe fitting internal diameter to be processed, Energy distribution for diverging laser beam is transformed into cross sectional shapeThe shaping optical path unit (2) of the uniform hollow of even or circumferential Energy distribution, collimated light beam (7), shaping optical path unit (2) is by entirelyReflection shaping light path or total transmissivity shaping light path form;
For being carried out to circumferential deflection, the light beam of being derived by described shaping optical path unit reflects to form the focus lamp of focused beam (8)(3), the focusing surface of focus lamp (3) is taper cambered surface, and focus lamp (3) is coaxially arranged at the inside of pipe fitting to be processed (1);
And drive described focus lamp (3) along the axially straight-line motion mechanism (4) of moving linearly of pipe fitting to be processed (1);
Control module (17), described shaping optical path unit (2), focus lamp (3) and described straight-line motion mechanism (4) all with described controlUnit processed (17) is connected.
2. the laser heat processing device for small-bore pipe inwall according to claim 1, is characterized in that: also comprise coldBut unit, cooling unit comprise cooler (18) and be connected with cooler (18) for cooling described shaping optical path unit(2) the first loop and for the second servo loop of cooling described focus lamp (3), described second servo loop comprise with described focus lamp afterHold connected cooling block (13) and the cooling tube (14) being connected with cooling block, described cooling tube (14) by coaxially arrange inside and outside twoPipe forms, and inner tube (142) flows out passage (149) as cooling medium, and the gap between inner and outer pipes flows into logical as cooling mediumRoad (147); Described straight-line motion mechanism (4) is connected with described cooling tube (14).
3. the laser heat processing device for small-bore pipe inwall according to claim 2, is characterized in that: described coolingOne end that pipe (14) is connected with described cooling block (13) has the heat exchanging chamber (148) that temporary cooling medium is used, described heat exchanging chamber(148) being shorter than described outer tube (141) by described inner tube (142) forms; Inner tube is stated in the other end place of described cooling tube (14)(142) be longer than described outer tube (141), and by end cap (143), described outer tube (141) be connected with described inner tube (142), end cap(143) be provided with cooling medium inlet (145), the port of described inner tube (142) is as cooling medium outlet (1410).
4. the laser heat processing device for small-bore pipe inwall according to claim 2, is characterized in that: also comprise toIn pipe fitting to be processed, carry the gas shield unit (19) of protective gas, described gas shield unit (19) and described pipe to be processedOne end in contact of part (1) and being connected.
5. the laser heat processing device for small-bore pipe inwall according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described gasProtected location (19) is placed in light beam and enters one end of described pipe fitting to be processed (1), and described gas shield unit (19) is on sidewallHave the pipe fitting of air admission hole, one end of pipe fitting is with described pipe fitting close contact to be processed and be communicated with, and the other end of pipe fitting is provided withThe isolation mirror of sealing use.
6. the laser heat processing device for small-bore pipe inwall according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described gasProtected location (19) is placed in the one end that deviates from light beam and inject described pipe fitting to be processed (1), and described gas shield unit is on sidewallHave the breather pipe of air admission hole, one end of described breather pipe is with pipe fitting close contact to be processed and communicate, described breather pipe anotherOne end sealing shroud is located on described cooling tube, and breather pipe and cooling tube can relative slidings.
7. the laser heat processing device for small-bore pipe inwall according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described focusingThe working end of mirror (3) is the filled circles cone with radian, and the conical surface is accurately machined reflect focalization face, and cut at the tip of filled circles coneFlat, the non-operative end of focus lamp (3) is solid cylinder.
8. the laser heat processing device for small-bore pipe inwall according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described shapingOptical path unit (2) is the total reflection being made up of collimating mirror (21), protruding conical reflector (22) and recessed conical reflector (23)Shaping light path.
9. the laser heat processing device for small-bore pipe inwall according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described shapingOptical path unit (2) is the total transmissivity shaping light path being made up of collimation lens (24) and two plano-convex axicon lens (25).
10. the laser heat processing device for small-bore pipe inwall according to claim 1, is characterized in that: also compriseBe arranged on the light beam reducing unit between described shaping optical path unit (2) and described focus lamp (3).
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201520971304.2U CN205237330U (en) | 2015-11-30 | 2015-11-30 | A hot processingequipment of laser for small -bore pipe inner wall |
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| CN201520971304.2U CN205237330U (en) | 2015-11-30 | 2015-11-30 | A hot processingequipment of laser for small -bore pipe inner wall |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106975836A (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2017-07-25 | 北京华岸科技有限公司 | Optical beam transformation device and laser processing device |
| CN107217257A (en) * | 2017-08-04 | 2017-09-29 | 苏州大学 | Laser cladding apparatus |
| CN109143201A (en) * | 2018-10-11 | 2019-01-04 | 中国科学院云南天文台 | A kind of laser ranging system and light beam shaping method |
| CN113253470A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-08-13 | 季华实验室 | Collimating annular light beam generating device, laser communication system and laser processing system |
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2015
- 2015-11-30 CN CN201520971304.2U patent/CN205237330U/en active Active
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106975836A (en) * | 2017-05-26 | 2017-07-25 | 北京华岸科技有限公司 | Optical beam transformation device and laser processing device |
| CN107217257A (en) * | 2017-08-04 | 2017-09-29 | 苏州大学 | Laser cladding apparatus |
| CN107217257B (en) * | 2017-08-04 | 2023-05-26 | 苏州大学 | Laser cladding device |
| CN109143201A (en) * | 2018-10-11 | 2019-01-04 | 中国科学院云南天文台 | A kind of laser ranging system and light beam shaping method |
| CN113253470A (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-08-13 | 季华实验室 | Collimating annular light beam generating device, laser communication system and laser processing system |
| CN113253470B (en) * | 2021-06-11 | 2021-11-02 | 季华实验室 | Collimated annular beam generating device, laser communication system and laser processing system |
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