CN204534610U - Boiler chain grate and the zero-emission living beings chain-grate boiler that becomes - Google Patents

Abstract

A boiler chain grate and a zero-emission biomass chain boiler. The boiler chain grate includes a grate shell and a grate main body. Five independent air chambers are arranged in parallel in the grate shell, and the two sides are symmetrical on the outside. There are 2 front air boxes and 2 rear air boxes, the air inlets on both sides of the first 3 air chambers are respectively connected to 2 front air boxes, the air inlets on both sides of the rear 2 air chambers are respectively connected to 2 rear air boxes, and the front air boxes are connected to each other. It has a front air inlet, and the rear air box has a rear air inlet. The boiler body is equipped with an upper header, a lower header, an upper drum and a lower drum, and the boiler body is equipped with a furnace, a flue gas radiation chamber, a flue gas convection box and a smoke exhaust box. An air preheater is arranged in the smoke exhaust box, and the above-mentioned boiler chain grate is set at the bottom of the furnace. After the primary air is preheated by the air preheater, it is sent to the front air box and the rear air box by the front air box fan and the rear air box fan in sections. After entering the air chamber to support combustion, the secondary air is preheated by the air preheater and enters the combustion support from the front and rear of the furnace, which has the characteristics of high thermal efficiency and low exhaust gas emissions.

Description

Boiler chain grate and zero-emission biomass chain boiler

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of boilers, in particular to a chain boiler with biomass as fuel and a chain grate in the boiler.

Background technique

Existing a kind of biomass boiler such as application number is the Chinese patent disclosure of 200810137245.3, and it comprises boiler body and screw feeder, and boiler body has base, front wall, rear wall, front arch and rear arch, and the base of boiler There is a chain grate on the top of the chain grate, and an air chamber is arranged on the chain grate. The screw feeder is set outside the boiler body to supply biomass fuel to the chain grate. There is a secondary air nozzle on the front arch of the boiler, and the secondary air nozzle The outer sequential pipe is connected with an air volume regulating valve. During the operation of this kind of boiler, air is supplied from the air chamber of the chain grate to the furnace, which is usually called primary air. Burning on fire; the air is supplied from the secondary air nozzle on the front arch to the furnace, which is usually called secondary air. The main function of the secondary air is to supplement the air needed for combustion, so as to facilitate the complete combustion of the fuel suspended in the furnace. A combination of primary and secondary air promotes the full combustion of biomass fuel, which has a positive effect on improving the thermal efficiency of the boiler and reducing exhaust emissions. However, the fuel on the grate is roughly divided into two sections according to the combustion situation. It is the fuel that has just entered the furnace and has not been ignited or fully burned. The rear section of the grate is mostly burnt ash mixed with incompletely burned fuel. The front section and the rear section of the grate have different requirements for the primary air. There is no difference in the primary air supply based on this, so it needs to be optimized and improved.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of this utility model is to propose a boiler chain grate, which can respectively supply air to the front section and the rear section of the fire grate, and has the characteristics of simple and reasonable structure; The zero-emission biomass chain boiler is a high-efficiency and environmentally friendly boiler equipment with the characteristics of high thermal efficiency and low exhaust gas emissions.

The purpose of this utility model can be realized through the following technical solutions:

Boiler chain grate, which includes a grate shell and a grate main body arranged on the grate shell, the grate main body includes a grate chain, a chain drive shaft and a chain driven shaft, and the grate chain It includes the chains arranged on both sides of the grate shell and the grate spanning the two chains. The grate chain is fixed to the grate by the chain drive shaft and the chain driven shaft located at the front and back of the grate shell through the two chains. In the casing, the chain drive shaft is connected to the output shaft of the motor. The front end of the grate casing is provided with an adjusting screw for adjusting the tightness of the chain, and the rear end is provided with a slag stopper. The top of the air chamber is facing the air outlet of the upper fire grate, the two sides are symmetrically equipped with air inlets, and the bottom is equipped with movable ash receiving drawers, and the two sides of the fire grate shell are symmetrically equipped with two front air boxes and 2 rear air boxes, the air inlets on both sides of the first 3 air chambers are respectively connected to 2 front air boxes, the air inlets on both sides of the rear 2 air chambers are respectively connected to 2 rear air boxes, the front air boxes have front air outlets, and the rear air boxes With rear air intake.

The zero-emission biomass chain boiler includes a boiler body, a chain grate and a screw feeder. There are upper header, lower header, upper drum and lower drum in the boiler body.

The upper header and the lower header are connected through the membrane water wall to form the lower furnace and the upper flue gas radiation chamber. The boiler body has a front arch and a rear arch at the front and rear ends of the furnace respectively.

The upper drum and the lower drum are placed in the flue gas convection box. The flue gas convection box is equipped with a convection tube bundle. The two ends of the convection tube bundle are respectively connected to the upper drum and the lower drum. The convection box and the smoke exhaust box are connected sequentially. The end of the smoke exhaust box has a smoke exhaust port. The economizer and the air preheater are arranged in the smoke exhaust box along the direction of flue gas discharge. The air inlet of the air preheater The air outlet end of the air preheater passes through the smoke exhaust box and has a hot air outlet.

There is a feed inlet below the throat of the front arch of the boiler body, and a screw feeder is provided outside the boiler body corresponding to the feed inlet. The screw feeder includes a hopper, a feed pipe connected to the bottom end of the hopper, and a device. The screw feed rod in the feed pipe, the feed pipe is connected to the feed port of the boiler body through the feed pipe;

The boiler chain grate of the present invention is arranged at the bottom of the furnace, the grate shell of the boiler chain grate is sealed with the bottom end of the boiler body so that the grate is located in the furnace, and the two front air boxes of the boiler chain grate The front air inlet pipe is connected with a front air box fan, and the rear air inlet pipes of the two rear air boxes are connected with a rear air box fan.

In the optimized solution, the hot air outlet of the air preheater is respectively connected to the air inlet of the front air box fan and the air inlet of the rear air box fan.

To further optimize the scheme, the front arch throat of the boiler body is provided with a front blast pipe of the furnace and is connected with a front blast pipe fan, and the rear arch throat of the boiler body is provided with a rear blast pipe of the furnace and connected with a rear Air blower fan.

In a further optimization scheme, the hot air outlet of the air preheater is connected to the air inlet of the front blowing pipe fan and the air inlet of the rear blowing pipe fan respectively.

The utility model has the following substantive features and progress:

1. When the boiler chain grate of the utility model is used, the air can be supplied in two sections according to the combustion conditions of the front and rear sections of the grate. The first air chamber is supplied with air by the rear air box, and has the characteristics of uniform air outlet and convenient air volume adjustment along the fuel delivery direction; the chain boiler of the utility model is supplied with air in two stages by the primary air conveyed by the air chamber of the chain grate, so that once The wind conforms to the combustion situation of the fuel along the feeding direction of the grate, which is conducive to the full combustion of the fuel on the grate.

2. There are two secondary air inlet points of the chain boiler of the present invention, which are respectively arranged at the front arch throat and the rear arch throat of the boiler body, so that the fuel in the furnace can be fully suspended, the complete combustion of the fuel can be strengthened, and the The content of harmful gases in the combustion exhaust gas.

3. The primary air and/or secondary air of the chain boiler of the present utility model comes from the hot air output by the air preheater. The hot air will not absorb the heat generated by combustion, and the second is that it has a heating effect on the fuel in the furnace. It is beneficial for the fuel to quickly reach the light-off temperature and complete combustion of the fuel, and improve the thermal efficiency of the chain boiler.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the front view state of the boiler chain grate of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a boiler chain grate in a top view according to the present invention.

Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of the zero-emission biomass chain boiler of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the utility model is further described.

Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the boiler chain grate includes a grate shell 1 and a grate main body arranged on the grate shell 1, and the grate main body includes a grate chain 2 and a chain drive shaft 21 And the chain driven shaft 22, the grate chain 2 includes the chains arranged on both sides of the grate shell 1 and the grate straddling the two chains, the grate chain 2 is connected by the grate shell through the two chains The chain drive shaft 21 and the chain driven shaft 22 at the front and back of the body 1 are fixed in the grate housing 1, the chain drive shaft 21 is connected to the output shaft 23 of the motor, and the front end of the grate housing 1 is provided with a chain for adjusting the tightness of the chain. The adjusting screw 11 and the rear end are provided with a slag stopper 12. There are five independent air chambers 3 parallel to each other in the grate shell 1. The top of the air chamber 3 is facing the air outlet of the upper fire grate, and the two sides are symmetrical There is an air inlet 31, a movable ash drawer 32 is provided at the bottom, two front air boxes 4 and two rear air boxes 5 are arranged symmetrically on both sides of the grate shell 1, and the air inlets on both sides of the first three air chambers 3 The tuyere 31 is connected respectively to two front air boxes 4, and the air inlets 31 on both sides of the rear two air chambers 3 are respectively connected to two rear air boxes 5. The front air box 4 has a forward air port 41, and the rear air box 5 has a rear air inlet 51.

Referring to Fig. 3, the zero-emission biomass chain boiler includes a boiler body 6, the above-mentioned boiler chain grate and a screw feeder.

The boiler body 6 is provided with an upper header 61 , a lower header 62 , an upper drum 63 and a lower drum 64 .

The upper header 61 and the lower header 62 are connected through a membrane water-cooled wall to form the lower furnace 65 and the upper flue gas radiation chamber 66. The boiler body 6 has a front arch 651 and a rear arch at the front and rear ends of the furnace 65 respectively. 652, the front arch 651 throat is provided with the blast pipe 653 before the furnace and is connected with the front blast pipe fan, and the back arch 652 throat is provided with the rear blast pipe 654 of the furnace and is connected with the rear blast pipe fan.

The grate shell 1 of the boiler chain grate is sealed with the bottom end of the boiler body 6 so that the grate is located in the furnace 65, and the front air box fan 41 pipes of the two front air boxes 4 of the boiler chain grate are connected with the front air box fan. The rear air inlet 51 pipe of the rear air box 5 is connected with a rear air box fan.

The upper drum 63 and the lower drum 64 are placed in the flue gas convection box 67, and the flue gas convection box 67 is provided with a convection tube bundle 671, and the two ends of the convection tube bundle 671 are respectively connected to the upper drum 63 and the lower drum 64 , the flue gas radiation chamber 66, the flue gas convection box 67 and the smoke exhaust box 68 are sequentially connected, and the end of the smoke exhaust box 68 has a smoke exhaust port 680, and the smoke exhaust box 68 is arranged successively along the direction of exhaust gas. 69 and the air preheater 7, the air inlet end of the air preheater 7 passes through the smoke exhaust box 68 and has a cold air inlet and is connected with a preheater fan, and the air outlet end of the air preheater 7 is provided by the smoke exhaust box 68 Go out and have the hot air outlet and connect the air inlet of the front air box fan, the air inlet of the rear air box fan, the air inlet of the front spray pipe fan and the air inlet of the rear spray pipe fan respectively.

There is a feed inlet below the throat of the front arch 651 of the boiler body 6, and a screw feeder is provided outside the boiler body 6 corresponding to the feed inlet. The feed pipe 81 and the screw feed rod 82 arranged in the feed pipe 81 , the feed pipe 81 is connected to the feed port of the boiler body 6 through the feed pipe 83 .

When the chain boiler of the present utility model is in operation, the screw feeder feeds material to the chain grate, and the fuel falls on the grate, and the fuel is sent into the furnace 65 by the grate to ignite and burn gradually, and the air preheater 7 passes through heat exchange. The final hot air is distributed to the furnace in two and four sections:

The first section of the primary air, which accounts for 60% of the primary air volume, is blown into the furnace 65 from the front section of the grate from the hot blast outlet of the air preheater 7 → the front air box 4 → the first three air chambers 3; the second section of the primary air , accounting for 40% of the primary air volume, from the hot air outlet of the air preheater 7 → the rear air box 5 → the last two air chambers 3 are blown into the furnace 65 from the rear section of the grate, and the primary air is sent to the furnace 65 in two stages Enter the hot air to support the combustion, and divide the fuel area on the fire grate into two sections and blow it to the furnace 65 to make the fuel continue to burn and ash in the furnace 65.

Simultaneously, a section of the secondary air accounts for 50% of the secondary air volume, blows into the furnace 65 from the hot blast outlet of the air preheater 7 → the blast pipe 653 before the front section of the fire grate; the second section of the secondary air Wind, which accounts for 50% of the secondary air volume, is blown from the hot blast outlet of the air preheater 7 to the rear blast pipe 654 of the furnace into the furnace 65 from above the rear section of the grate, and the secondary air is sent into the furnace 65 in two stages The hot air enters the combustion chamber and forms convection with the primary air, so that the fly ash combustibles produced by incomplete combustion of the fuel are turned in the furnace 65 and fully contacted with the hot air in the furnace 65, so as to promote the full combustion of the fly ash combustibles effect.

Under the cooperation of the primary air and the secondary air in this embodiment, the excess air coefficient in the furnace 65 is between 1.2 and 1.3, so that the entire furnace 65 has no combustion dead angle, the fuel is fully burned, and the harmful gas produced by incomplete combustion is effectively reduced. Zero emission of carbon dioxide has been realized, the dust content in the exhaust gas is 20 mg/m ³ , the nitrogen oxide content is 150 mg/m ³ , and the sulfur dioxide content is 10 mg/m ³ , with low dust, low nitrogen oxide and low sulfur dioxide emissions Effect.

Claims (5)

1. Boiler chain grate, which includes a grate shell (1) and a grate main body arranged on the grate shell (1), the grate main body includes a grate chain (2), a chain drive shaft (21) and chain driven shaft (22), the grate chain (2) includes chains arranged on both sides of the grate shell (1) and a grate straddling the two chains, the grate chain ( 2) The chain drive shaft (21) and the chain driven shaft (22) located at the front and rear of the grate shell (1) are fixed in the grate shell (1) through two chains, and the chain drive shaft (21) Connect the output shaft (23) of the motor. The front end of the grate shell (1) is provided with an adjustment screw (11) for adjusting the tightness of the chain, and the rear end is provided with a slag stopper (12). The grate shell (1) There are 5 independent air chambers (3) in parallel, the top of the air chamber (3) is facing the air outlet of the upper section of the fire grate, the air inlets (31) are symmetrically arranged on both sides, and the movable ash drawer ( 32), characterized in that two front air boxes (4) and two rear air boxes (7) are arranged symmetrically on both sides of the grate shell (1), and the two sides of the first three air chambers (3) The air inlets (31) are respectively connected to two front air boxes (4), and the air inlets (31) on both sides of the rear two air chambers (3) are respectively connected to two rear air boxes (5), and the front air boxes (4) have forward The air outlet (41), the rear air box (5) has a rear air inlet (51). 2. A zero-emission biomass chain boiler, which includes a boiler body (6), a chain grate and a screw feeder; The boiler body (6) is provided with an upper header (61), a lower header (62), an upper drum (63) and a lower drum (64); The upper header (61) and the lower header (62) are connected through the membrane water wall to form the lower furnace (65) and the upper flue gas radiation chamber (66). The boiler body (6) is placed at the front end of the furnace (65) and the rear end respectively have a front arch (651) and a rear arch (652); The upper drum (63) and the lower drum (64) are placed in the flue gas convection box (67), and the flue gas convection box (67) is equipped with a convection tube bundle (671), and the two ends of the convection tube bundle (671) The upper drum (63) and the lower drum (64) are respectively connected, the flue gas radiation chamber (66), the flue gas convection box (67) and the smoke exhaust box (68) are connected sequentially, and the smoke exhaust box (68) There is a smoke exhaust port (680) at the end, and the economizer (69) and the air preheater (7) of the air preheater (7) are successively arranged in the smoke exhaust box (68) along the exhaust direction of the flue gas. The air outlet end of the air preheater (7) passes through the smoke exhaust box (68) and has a hot air outlet; the boiler body (6) There is a feed inlet below the throat of the front arch (651), and a screw feeder is provided outside the boiler body (6) corresponding to the feed inlet, and the screw feeder includes a hopper (8) and a hopper (8) The feed pipe (81) connected to the bottom end and the screw feed rod (82) arranged in the feed pipe (81), the feed pipe (81) passes through the feed pipe (83) and the boiler body (6 ) The feed port is connected; The bottom of the furnace (65) is provided with a chain fire grate; It is characterized in that: the chain grate is the boiler chain grate according to claim 1, and the grate shell (1) of the boiler chain grate is sealed with the bottom end of the boiler body (6) so that the grate is located in the furnace ( 65) inside, the front air inlet (41) pipes of 2 front air boxes (4) of the boiler chain grate are connected with front air box fans, and the rear air inlets (51) pipes of 2 rear air boxes (5) are connected with rear air box fans. 3. The zero-emission biomass chain boiler according to claim 2, characterized in that: the hot air outlet of the air preheater (7) is respectively connected to the air inlet of the front air box fan and the air inlet of the rear air box fan. 4. The zero-emission biomass chain boiler according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that: the throat of the front arch (651) of the boiler body (6) is provided with a blast pipe (653) in front of the furnace and connected There is a front blast pipe fan, and the rear arch (652) throat of the boiler body (6) is provided with a rear blast pipe (654) of the furnace and is connected with a rear blast pipe fan. 5. The zero-emission biomass chain boiler according to claim 4, characterized in that: the hot air outlet of the air preheater (7) is connected to the air inlet of the front blowing pipe fan and the rear blowing pipe fan respectively air inlet.