CN204518866U - A kind of applicable argillo arenaceous seabed and be easy to marine organisms attachment artificial fish shelter - Google Patents
A kind of applicable argillo arenaceous seabed and be easy to marine organisms attachment artificial fish shelter Download PDFInfo
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
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- Y02A40/80—Adaptation technologies in agriculture, forestry, livestock or agroalimentary production in fisheries management
- Y02A40/81—Aquaculture, e.g. of fish
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Abstract
本专利公开了一种适合泥沙质海底且易于海洋生物附着的人工鱼礁。人工鱼礁包括底座和多边形塔形体，底座是有立柱支撑，塔形体固定设于底座上，塔形体为多面棱柱框架结构，多面体棱柱框架内外两侧都含有连接环或挂耳，连接环或挂耳可用绳子或渔网等连接，从而构成单个人工鱼礁的三维立体网状结构。该种人工鱼礁结构简单，容易制造，造价低；通过连接环或挂耳的连接物更有利于大量藻类、贝类、苔藓虫等在人工鱼礁上附着生长，主要布设于水产养殖区和生态垂钓区的水下5-15米深度。底座上有支架，可以插入泥砂质海底，在泥沙质海底中稳固，能够有效抵抗风浪，可有效防止礁体移位或沙埋,有利于5-15米水深鱼礁投放区渔业增殖和生态环境的改善。
This patent discloses an artificial fish reef suitable for muddy seabed and easy for marine organisms to adhere to. The artificial reef includes a base and a polygonal tower. The base is supported by columns. The tower is fixed on the base. The tower is a polyhedral prism frame structure. The ears can be connected with ropes or fishing nets to form a three-dimensional mesh structure of a single artificial fish reef. This kind of artificial fish reef has a simple structure, is easy to manufacture, and has low cost; the connection through the connecting ring or the hanging ear is more conducive to the attachment and growth of a large number of algae, shellfish, bryozoans, etc. on the artificial fish reef, and is mainly deployed in aquaculture areas and The underwater depth of the ecological fishing area is 5-15 meters. There are brackets on the base, which can be inserted into the sandy seabed, and are stable in the sandy seabed, can effectively resist wind and waves, and can effectively prevent reefs from shifting or sand burial, which is conducive to fishery proliferation and ecology in 5-15 meters deep fish reef placement areas Improvement of the environment.
Description
技术领域 technical field
本发明涉及一种人工鱼礁，具体说涉及一种适合泥沙质海底、抗风浪且易于海洋生物附着的生态型人工鱼礁。The invention relates to an artificial fish reef, in particular to an ecological artificial fish reef which is suitable for muddy seabed, resists wind and waves and is easy for marine organisms to attach.
背景技术 Background technique
人工鱼礁是人为在海水中设置的构造物，它是将人工材料沉入海底，利用其作为附着基聚集众多海洋生物的附着，改善近海海域的生态环境，营造海洋生物栖息的良好环境，为鱼类等提供繁殖、生长、索饵和庇敌的场所，达到保护、增殖和提高渔获量的目的。Artificial fish reef is a structure artificially set up in seawater. It sinks artificial materials into the seabed and uses it as an attachment base to gather many marine organisms to adhere to, improve the ecological environment of offshore sea areas, and create a good environment for marine organisms to inhabit. Fish, etc. provide places for reproduction, growth, baiting and shelter for enemies, so as to achieve the purpose of protection, multiplication and increase of catch.
然而，当前人工鱼礁主要由水泥制成的空心多面体，由于体积比较大，容易在海流和风浪作用下滚动；同时，由于水泥预制件表面呈强碱性，海洋生物难以快速附着生长，这不利于人工鱼礁区的在渔业增殖和生态环境的改善。因此，如何改善人工鱼礁普遍存在抗风浪能力弱、易被风浪冲走或泥沙埋没问题，同时又能够使海洋生物在人工鱼礁上快速附着问题是渔业增殖中的难题之一。However, the current artificial fish reefs are mainly hollow polyhedrons made of cement. Due to their relatively large volume, they are easy to roll under the action of ocean currents and wind waves. At the same time, due to the strong alkalinity of the surface of the cement prefabricated parts, it is difficult for marine organisms to attach and grow quickly. It is beneficial to the fishery multiplication and the improvement of the ecological environment in the artificial fish reef area. Therefore, how to improve the artificial fish reef's common problems of weak wind and wave resistance, easy to be washed away by wind waves or buried by sediment, and at the same time enable marine organisms to quickly attach to the artificial fish reef is one of the difficult problems in fishery proliferation.
发明内容 Contents of the invention
本实用新型的目的在于提供一种适合泥沙质海底、抗风浪且易于海洋生物附着的生态型人工鱼礁，适用于布设于水产养殖区的水下5-15米深度、近海软底质等海底情况复杂、泥沙风浪大的海域。该人工鱼礁投放简单，稳固性好，有利于海洋生物的附着生长，具有较高的可推广性。The purpose of this utility model is to provide an ecological artificial fish reef suitable for sandy seabed, anti-wind and wave, and easy for marine organisms to attach. Sea area with complex seabed conditions and large sediment and stormy waves. The artificial fish reef is simple to put in, has good stability, is conducive to the attachment and growth of marine organisms, and has high scalability.
为实现上述目的，本实用新型通过以下技术措施来实现：In order to achieve the above object, the utility model is achieved through the following technical measures:
人工鱼礁包括底座和固定于所述底座上的塔形体，底座如板凳状有四条支架，所述塔形体为多面棱柱框架结构，每个多面体棱状框架结构中的框架内外两侧都各含有多个连接环或挂耳，连接环或挂耳用绳子和渔网等连接，从而形成单个人工鱼礁的三维立体网状结构。The artificial fish reef includes a base and a tower-shaped body fixed on the base. The base has four supports in the shape of a bench. The tower-shaped body is a polyhedral prism frame structure, and each polyhedron prismatic frame structure has two sides inside and outside the frame. A plurality of connecting rings or hanging ears are connected with ropes and fishing nets to form a three-dimensional net structure of a single artificial fish reef.
所述的人工鱼礁底座为带有支架的水泥预制件，大小可根据实际情况调整。The artificial reef base is a cement prefabricated part with brackets, and its size can be adjusted according to actual conditions.
所述的人工鱼礁塔形体为多面体棱状框架结构，上平面开口小于下平面开口。The artificial fish reef tower is a polyhedron prismatic frame structure, and the upper plane opening is smaller than the lower plane opening.
所述的人工鱼礁底座和塔形体可以为一体制造，也可以分开组装。The artificial reef base and the tower body can be manufactured as a whole, or can be assembled separately.
所述的人工鱼礁底座和塔形体组装可以用U型螺栓固定，也可以用高强度塑料绳索固定。The assembly of the artificial reef base and the tower body can be fixed with U-shaped bolts or with high-strength plastic ropes.
所述的连接环或挂耳材料可以是高强度塑料、绳索、渔具、渔网、钢筋中的一种或几种。The material of the connecting ring or the lug can be one or more of high-strength plastics, ropes, fishing gear, fishing nets, and steel bars.
所述的连接环或挂耳通过由胶黏剂、水泥固定或者捆绑在多面体棱状框架的内外两侧。The connecting ring or hanging lug is fixed or bound on the inner and outer sides of the polyhedral prismatic frame by adhesive or cement.
所述的连接物主要是绳子及其编织物、渔网网片中的一种或者几种。The connectors are mainly one or more of ropes and their braids, and fishnet meshes.
本实用新型抗风浪的生态人工鱼礁具有以下优点：The utility model anti-wind and wave ecological artificial fish reef has the following advantages:
1. 该适合泥沙质海底、抗风浪的生态人工鱼礁全部由框架结构组成，组装简单，成本低，空间利用率高，人工鱼礁底座中空及立柱结构不易被泥沙堵塞，减少阻力，具有抗风浪、抗沙埋的作用。1. The ecological artificial reef suitable for sandy seabed and anti-wind and wave is all composed of frame structure, which is simple to assemble, low in cost, and high in space utilization. The hollow base of the artificial reef and the column structure are not easy to be blocked by sand, reducing resistance. It has the functions of resisting wind and waves and resisting sand burial.
该抗风浪的生态人工鱼礁，礁体内外通过绳体等悬挂物连接，呈立体网状结构表面，整个人工鱼礁的通透性好，促进内外部水交换，整个网状空间有利于海洋生物的附着生长，从而改善周边环境，让鱼类幼体可以在其中潜伏、自由穿梭，提高聚鱼量。The anti-wind and wave ecological artificial reef, the inside and outside of the reef are connected by hanging objects such as ropes, forming a three-dimensional network structure surface, the entire artificial reef has good permeability, and promotes internal and external water exchange, and the entire network space is beneficial to the ocean The attached growth of organisms improves the surrounding environment, allowing fish larvae to lurk and shuttle freely in it, increasing the amount of fish gathering.
附图说明 Description of drawings
图1为本实用新型人工鱼礁的一种结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a kind of structural representation of artificial fish reef of the present utility model.
具体实施方式 Detailed ways
图1示出了本实用新型的抗风浪的生物易附着生态型人工鱼礁的一个具体实施例的结构示意图，该人工鱼礁包括底座1和固定设于底座上的塔形体，塔形体由顶面2和侧面3围括而成，为多面棱柱框架结构组成，多面体棱柱框架外两侧都含有连接环或挂耳4，通过连接环或挂耳连接悬挂物5，整个底座通过几根钢筋混凝土立柱支撑，从而形成单个人工鱼礁的三维立体网状结构。考虑到人工鱼礁在海水中易滚动和沙埋，因此，设计的人工鱼礁为梯型体，即底座1联有几根支架6垂直支撑，支架可以插入泥砂质海底，起到固定鱼礁的作用，同时，塔形体底面要比顶面面积大，这样泥沙通过顶面2极易沉降到海底，不会使大量泥沙滞留于塔形体内。同时，整个人工鱼礁表面及内部通过悬挂物连接来促进海洋生物在其表面的附着生长。Fig. 1 has shown the structure schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the biological easy-attachment ecological type artificial fish reef of anti-wind and wave of the present utility model, and this artificial fish reef comprises base 1 and is fixed on the tower shape body that is arranged on the base, and tower shape body is formed by top Enclosed by face 2 and side 3, it is composed of a polyhedral prism frame structure. Both sides of the polyhedral prism frame contain connecting rings or hanging ears 4, through which the hanging objects 5 are connected, and the entire base passes through several reinforced concrete Supported by columns, a three-dimensional network structure of a single artificial reef is formed. Considering that the artificial reef is easy to roll and be buried in seawater, the artificial reef is designed as a trapezoidal body, that is, the base 1 is supported vertically by several brackets 6, and the brackets can be inserted into the muddy seabed to fix the reef. Effect, at the same time, the bottom surface of the tower-shaped body is larger than the top surface area, so that silt can easily settle to the seabed by the top surface 2, and a large amount of silt can not be stranded in the tower-shaped body. At the same time, the surface and interior of the entire artificial fish reef are connected by hanging objects to promote the attachment and growth of marine organisms on the surface.
人工鱼礁的为塔形体，塔形体除底座外，均为多面体棱状框架结构组成。底座1是与塔形体对应的多边形，且底座1开有通孔，其主要功能是礁体内部水交换和将沉降的泥沙冲刷至海底。每个多面体棱状框架结构中的框架内外两侧各含有多个连接环或挂耳4，通过连接物对多面体棱状框架上的连接耳或挂耳进行连接。其中，连接物主要是尼龙类的绳子及其编织物、渔网网片，连接环或挂耳主要是双耳高强度塑料、渔具、渔网、钢筋水泥预制件、绳索等。The artificial reef is in the shape of a tower, and the tower is composed of a polyhedral prismatic frame structure except for the base. The base 1 is a polygon corresponding to the tower body, and the base 1 has a through hole, and its main function is to exchange water inside the reef body and to wash the settled sediment to the seabed. The inner and outer sides of the frame in each polyhedral prismatic frame structure respectively contain a plurality of connecting rings or hanging ears 4, and the connecting ears or hanging ears on the polyhedral prismatic frame are connected through connectors. Among them, the connectors are mainly nylon ropes and their braids, fishing net mesh, and the connecting rings or lugs are mainly binaural high-strength plastics, fishing gear, fishing nets, reinforced concrete prefabricated parts, ropes, etc.
设计时考虑人工鱼礁本身的沉降性及海洋生物不易附着的缺点，设计的这种多面体棱柱状且礁体内外呈立体网状结构的人工鱼礁。该结构组装简单，成本低，空间利用率高，人工鱼礁底座重、不易被泥沙堵塞，具有抗风浪的作用。礁体内外通过绳体等连接，呈立体网状结构表面，整个人工鱼礁的通透性好，促进内外部水交换，整个网状空间有利于海洋生物的附着生长，从而改善周边环境，让鱼类幼体可以在其中潜伏、自由穿梭，提高聚鱼量。经过模型试验及数值模拟，改生态型人工鱼礁，适于投放至水深5-20米的海域，不会发生倾覆移位，有利于大量藻类、贝类、苔藓虫、等快速在人工鱼礁上附着生长，可为刺参、石斑鱼等隐匿生物提供安全可靠的栖息地和饵料场，适于大中小型鱼类的穿梭停留，流场效应较好，且抗风浪，具有较好的经济效益，因此可以广泛应用于人工鱼礁的建设中。Considering the subsidence of the artificial reef itself and the disadvantages that marine organisms are not easy to attach during the design, the artificial reef is designed with a polyhedral prism shape and a three-dimensional network structure inside and outside the reef. The structure is simple to assemble, low in cost, high in space utilization, heavy in the base of the artificial reef, not easily blocked by sediment, and has the effect of resisting wind and waves. The inside and outside of the reef are connected by ropes, etc., showing a three-dimensional mesh structure surface. The entire artificial reef has good permeability and promotes internal and external water exchange. The entire mesh space is conducive to the attachment and growth of marine organisms, thereby improving the surrounding environment and allowing Fish larvae can lurk and shuttle freely in it, increasing the amount of fish gathering. After model tests and numerical simulations, the modified ecological artificial reef is suitable for putting into the sea area with a water depth of 5-20 meters, without overturning and displacement, which is conducive to the rapid accumulation of a large number of algae, shellfish, bryozoans, etc. on the artificial reef Attached to the growth, it can provide a safe and reliable habitat and bait field for hidden organisms such as japonicus and grouper. It is suitable for the shuttling and staying of large, medium and small fish. Economic benefits, so it can be widely used in the construction of artificial reefs.
本实用新型的并不限于上述实施例，无论人工鱼礁的样式和尺寸如何改变，凡是在人工鱼礁框架体内采用网状结构给海洋生物提供附着基的改造变换等，都均应包含在本实用新型的保护范围之内。The utility model is not limited to the above-mentioned embodiments, no matter how the style and size of the artificial reef change, any modification and conversion of using a mesh structure to provide attachment bases for marine organisms in the framework of the artificial reef should be included in the present invention. within the scope of protection of utility models.
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105340797A (en) * | 2015-11-04 | 2016-02-24 | 广州中国科学院工业技术研究院 | Artificial fish reef |
| CN105994091A (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2016-10-12 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | Basalt fiber cay ecological restoration multi-dimensional reef |
| CN107343482A (en) * | 2017-08-11 | 2017-11-14 | 中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所 | One kind leisure cultivation environment protection aquafarm |
| CN108834968A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2018-11-20 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | A kind of shallow sea attached type shellfish aquaculture device and its application method |
| CN109469002A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-03-15 | 中国京冶工程技术有限公司 | A kind of assembled artificial marine habitat and its preparation process |
| CN112106713A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2020-12-22 | 海经(温州)海洋科技股份有限公司 | Semi-suspension type artificial fish reef |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105340797A (en) * | 2015-11-04 | 2016-02-24 | 广州中国科学院工业技术研究院 | Artificial fish reef |
| CN105994091A (en) * | 2016-07-15 | 2016-10-12 | 中国科学院南海海洋研究所 | Basalt fiber cay ecological restoration multi-dimensional reef |
| CN107343482A (en) * | 2017-08-11 | 2017-11-14 | 中国水产科学研究院渔业机械仪器研究所 | One kind leisure cultivation environment protection aquafarm |
| CN108834968B (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2021-03-26 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | Shallow sea attached shellfish culture and proliferation device and using method thereof |
| CN108834968A (en) * | 2018-07-19 | 2018-11-20 | 中国水产科学研究院黄海水产研究所 | A kind of shallow sea attached type shellfish aquaculture device and its application method |
| CN109469002A (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2019-03-15 | 中国京冶工程技术有限公司 | A kind of assembled artificial marine habitat and its preparation process |
| CN109469002B (en) * | 2018-12-26 | 2024-04-09 | 中国京冶工程技术有限公司 | Assembled artificial fish reef and preparation process thereof |
| CN112106713A (en) * | 2020-09-18 | 2020-12-22 | 海经(温州)海洋科技股份有限公司 | Semi-suspension type artificial fish reef |
| CN112931324A (en) * | 2021-03-05 | 2021-06-11 | 中国海洋大学 | Submarine culture method and device suitable for oysters |
| CN113100142A (en) * | 2021-04-02 | 2021-07-13 | 广东海洋大学 | Unrestrained and convenient marine ranch breeding device of clearance of anti-wind |
| CN113243319A (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2021-08-13 | 江苏绿岩生态技术股份有限公司 | Ecological restoration method and growth auxiliary system for coral reef |
| CN113243319B (en) * | 2021-05-21 | 2024-01-26 | 江苏绿岩生态技术股份有限公司 | Ecological restoration method and growth auxiliary system for coral reef |
| CN114793685A (en) * | 2022-04-22 | 2022-07-29 | 上海勘测设计研究院有限公司 | An ecological restoration device for ocean beaches |
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| CN118148074A (en) * | 2024-05-09 | 2024-06-07 | 中国海洋大学 | Anti-scouring structure for fusion of artificial fish reef and offshore wind turbine foundation |
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