CN204131103U - Automatic detection power device and electric network state also can the electricity-saving controllers of delay cut-off - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses an energy-saving controller capable of detecting the states of a power grid and an electrical device and delaying power-off, which can realize power saving and safe electricity consumption, and meet the needs of users for using low-power electrical devices in a short time. The controllable switch and the S-1 terminal of the double-pole switch are connected in parallel to the power supply line of the power grid to the electrical device, and the S-2 terminal of the double-pole switch is connected to the power supply line between the power supply circuit and the timing circuit; the power detection circuit Detect whether the power of the power supply line exceeds the threshold value, and if so, store energy in the timing circuit; the timing circuit stores electric energy when the power supply circuit or power detection circuit provides electric energy; when it has power, it provides on-off control voltage for the switch control circuit; When the power supply circuit and the power detection circuit do not provide electric energy, the stored electric energy of the energy storage capacitor is consumed within the set delay time; the switch control circuit only exists when the power supply of the power supply circuit and the on-off control voltage of the timing circuit exist simultaneously. , to control the controllable switch to be turned on.

Description

A power-saving controller that automatically detects the status of electrical devices and grids and can delay power-off

technical field

The utility model relates to the fields of safe electricity consumption, energy saving and environmental protection, in particular to an electricity-saving controller which can automatically detect the state of an electricity-consuming device and a power grid and can automatically cut off power after a time delay.

Background technique

Electric devices such as TVs, computers, speakers, printers, game consoles, etc. are in a standby state all year round if the power supply is not cut off when they are not working. LCD TVs, game consoles, computers, printers, speakers and other equipment consume between 1W and 7W of power when they are in standby mode. Moreover, although some electrical equipment is powered off, its internal circuits are not completely isolated from the power grid. If maintenance is performed without unplugging the plug, there will be a danger of electric shock. In addition, some electronic components will accelerate aging if they work for a long time , or even suddenly damaged to cause fire and other safety accidents.

Some low-power electrical devices (such as electric soldering irons, chargers) have great potential safety hazards when they are not in use and powered on for a long time after charging. For example, when a charger quickly charges a battery (such as a mobile phone battery), it consumes less than 7W of power, but the charging can be completed in 2 to 3 hours. Bring safety hazards such as battery explosion. The power of the electric soldering iron used for soldering the circuit board is 16W-50W, and the temperature of the soldering iron tip is about 250°C.

In some areas where there are frequent power outages, the electrical appliances do not turn off the power after the power outage. Once the power comes in, they will be powered on by themselves, resulting in empty power consumption, shortened equipment life, and even major accidents such as electric shock and fire.

Contents of the invention

In view of this, the utility model provides an energy-saving controller that automatically detects the state of the electrical device and the power grid and can automatically cut off the power after a delay. It can automatically detect the shutdown, standby or abnormal power failure signal of the electrical device, and use the After the set time, it will automatically disconnect from the power supply network, so as to avoid the possible problems of empty power consumption, shortened equipment life, and even major accidents such as electric shock and fire.

The energy-saving controller can be placed inside the 220V AC power converter or the electrical device, and can also be an independent device connected to the power supply network.

The energy-saving controller, which automatically detects the state of the electric device and the power grid and can delay power-off, is set on the power supply line of the electric device; it includes a controllable switch, a power supply circuit, a power detection circuit, a timing circuit, and a switch control circuit. Same as the double-pole switch S; the switching states of the S-1 terminal and the S-2 terminal included in the double-pole switch S are the same;

A controllable switch whose initial state is disconnected is connected to the power supply line from the grid to the electrical device, and the two ends of the controllable switch are connected in parallel with the S-1 terminal;

The power supply circuit is used to send the generated electric energy to the power detection circuit, the switch control circuit and the timing circuit, and the power supply line between the power supply circuit and the timing circuit is connected to the S-2 terminal;

The power detection circuit is used to detect the power of the power supply line from the power grid to the electrical equipment. If the power is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, the power is extracted from the power supply line to store energy for the energy storage capacitor in the timing circuit. Otherwise, no power is provided. stored energy;

The timing circuit is used to store electric energy when the power supply circuit or the power detection circuit provides electric energy; the power supply electric energy or the energy storage capacitor is used to provide on-off control voltage for the switch control circuit; when the power supply circuit and the power detection circuit do not provide electric energy, the energy storage The stored electric energy of the capacitor is consumed within the set delay time t;

The switch control circuit is used to control the controllable switch to be turned on only when the power supply of the power supply circuit and the on-off control voltage of the timing circuit exist at the same time, and neither the power supply of the power supply circuit nor the on-off control voltage of the timing circuit is provided, The controllable switch is then controlled to be turned off.

Wherein, the power supply circuit can be realized by using a battery or a battery pack. Preferably, the power supply circuit is a rectifying and filtering circuit, including a power transformer T1, a first bridge rectifier, a Zener diode VD9 and a filter capacitor C1; the input terminal of the power transformer T1 is connected to the power grid, and the output terminal of the power transformer T1 is connected to The input end of the bridge rectifier constitutes a step-down and rectification circuit; the output end of the bridge rectifier is connected in parallel with the filter capacitor C1 and the voltage regulator diode VD2 to form a filter and voltage stabilization circuit; thereby providing a low voltage after step-down, rectification filtering, and voltage stabilization The direct current Va is sent to the power detection circuit, switch control circuit and timing circuit as generated electric energy.

Preferably, the timing circuit includes a parallel energy storage capacitor C2 and a bleeder resistor R1; the anode of the energy storage capacitor C2 is used as a charging and discharging terminal to receive the electric energy provided by the power supply circuit and the power detection circuit, and at the same time provide an on-off circuit for the switch control circuit control voltage.

Preferably, the bleeder resistor R1 is a rheostat, and the access resistance of the rheostat is adjusted according to the length of the required delay time t.

Preferably, the power detection circuit includes a current transformer T2, a second bridge rectifier, a filter capacitor C3, and a non-directional proportional operation circuit composed of an operational amplifier A and its external balancing resistor R3, resistor R4, and feedback resistor R5. Switching light-emitting diode VD12; operational amplifier A is powered by the power supply circuit to form a single power supply;

The current transformer T2 is connected to the live wire of the power grid, and the access point is located between the controllable switch and the electrical device. The current signal induced by the current transformer T2 is rectified by the second bridge rectifier and then filtered by the filter capacitor C3; the filter capacitor C3 The anode of the filter capacitor C3 is connected to the positive input terminal of the operational amplifier A through the balance resistor R3, the cathode of the filter capacitor C3 is connected to the negative input terminal of the operational amplifier A through the resistor R4, and the feedback resistor R5 is connected to the negative input terminal and output terminal of the operational amplifier A Parallel connection; the output terminal of the operational amplifier A is connected to the anode of the light-emitting diode VD12, and the cathode of the light-emitting diode VD12 provides electric energy for the timing circuit.

Preferably, the feedback resistor R5 is a rheostat, and the access resistance of the rheostat is adjusted according to the preset threshold.

Preferably, the switch control circuit includes a triode V1, a triode V2, a base resistor R2, a collector freewheeling diode VD11 and an AC relay K;

One end of the base resistor R2 is used as one end to receive the on-off control voltage provided by the timing circuit, the other end of the base resistor R2 is connected to the base of the transistor V1, the emitter of the transistor V1 is directly coupled to the base of the transistor V2, and the emitter of the transistor V2 The pole is grounded, after the freewheeling diode VD11 is connected in parallel with the coil of the AC relay K, one end is connected to the collectors of the transistors V1 and V2, and the other end is drawn out as the power supply end, which is connected to the power supply end of the power supply circuit;

Meanwhile, the switch contact K-1 of the AC relay K serves as the controllable switch.

Preferably, a light emitting diode VD10 is further connected in series with the power receiving end.

Beneficial effect:

(1) Whether the electrical device is closed or not and whether the power grid is out of power can be reflected in the power. Therefore, an energy-saving controller can be designed to automatically detect the power of the electrical device. When the power of the electrical device drops to a certain threshold Then it is considered that the user has shut down or the power grid is faulty, and the delayed power-off function is activated to cut off the supply of 220V AC power after the set time. If the energy-saving controller is connected to a low-power electrical device such as a charger, an electric soldering iron, etc., and its working power is already lower than the threshold power of the delayed power-off start, after the energy-saving controller is started, its delay time is also started. With the power-off function, the user can normally use the low-power electrical device or complete the fast charging of the battery before the power-saving controller disconnects the 220V AC circuit. While ensuring the saving and safe use of electricity, it also meets the needs of users to use low-power electrical devices in a short period of time.

(2) The power supply circuit obtains power from the power supply line between the double-pole switch S and the electrical device. In this way, when the double-pole switch is turned off, the power supply circuit also immediately cuts off the charging process of the energy storage capacitor C2, so as to ensure that the delayed power-off process is transferred immediately. Among them, the transformer coupling step-down power supply can be used, and the current transformer can be used to detect the power consumption of the electrical device, so as to be safely isolated from the AC power supply network.

(3) The power-saving controller provided by the embodiment of the utility model has a simple circuit and good effect. Delayed power-off startup threshold T and delay time t can be set by yourself, thus ensuring the applicability to different electrical devices.

The utility model can be used in the interior of the electric device or the power converter in the family, office, and factory building, and can also be made into an independent controller and connected to the power supply network to play the role of power saving and safety, and has a huge market prospect.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the work flow of the utility model power-saving controller.

Fig. 2 is a functional block diagram of the utility model power-saving controller.

Fig. 3 and Fig. 4 are a kind of specific implementation circuit diagram of the utility model power-saving controller.

Detailed ways

The utility model is described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples.

The utility model provides an energy-saving controller which can automatically detect the state of an electric device and a power grid and can cut off power in a delayed manner. As shown in Figure 1, when the button switch of the power-saving controller is pressed, the power-saving controller is triggered, and it first connects the connection between the power grid and the power-consuming device, so that Electric work. At the same time, the delayed power-off process inside the power-saving controller starts to work. The delayed power-off process is used for delayed timing. During the timing process, the power-saving controller automatically detects the power of the power supply line in real time. The power can reflect whether the electrical equipment is working normally, or whether the power grid is normal. If everything is normal, then The power on the grid will reach a certain height, if it is too small, it is considered that there are abnormal factors. Therefore, the energy-saving controller judges whether the power is greater than or equal to the preset threshold value. Once this situation occurs, it is determined that the power-consuming device enters a normal working state, and the delayed power-off process is automatically stopped, and the power grid and the power-consuming device are maintained. Connect to continue to maintain the normal working condition of the electrical device. If the power on the grid is always less than the preset threshold value within the timing time, the connection between the electrical device and the grid is cut off when the delay time is reached.

After the delayed power-off process is automatically stopped, the energy-saving controller continues to detect the power of the power supply line, and when the power is lower than the preset threshold, the delayed power-off process is restarted.

When using low-power electrical appliances or charging rechargeable batteries: When the controller switch is pressed, the delayed power-off process starts to work, the low-power electrical device is powered on, and when the timing is up, the connection between the electrical device and the grid is automatically cut off , If you want to extend the timing time, you can press the switch before the timing time is up, and the power-off process will be delayed and the timing work will be restarted.

When using a high-power electrical device: When the controller switch is pressed, the delayed power-off process starts to work, and the high-power electrical device is powered on; after that, if the electrical device has been in standby or off state, it will be automatically cut off when the timer expires The connection between consumers and the grid. If the timing time is not up, when the electrical device enters the working state, the delayed power-off process will automatically stop. When the electrical device enters the standby state from the working state or after a sudden power failure, the delayed power-off process will be restarted, and the timing time is up. , cut off the connection between the electrical equipment and the grid.

It can be seen that the utility model can solve various problems involved in the background technology.

In order to realize the above-mentioned energy-saving controller, Fig. 2 shows an implementation of the energy-saving controller. As shown in Fig. 2, the energy-saving controller includes a controllable switch, a power supply circuit, a power detection circuit, a timing circuit, a switch Control circuit and double pole switch S. The double-pole switch S includes two linked terminals: an S-1 terminal and an S-2 terminal, and the switch states of these two terminals are the same.

A controllable switch whose initial state is disconnected is connected to the power supply line from the grid to the electric device, and the S-1 terminal of the double-pole switch S is connected in parallel at both ends of the controllable switch.

The power supply circuit is used to provide the generated electric energy to the power detection circuit, the switch control circuit and the timing circuit, and the power supply line between the power supply circuit and the timing circuit is connected to the S-2 terminal.

The power detection circuit is used to detect the power of the power supply line from the grid to the electric device. If the power is greater than or equal to the preset threshold, the power is extracted from the power supply line to store energy for the energy storage capacitor in the timing circuit, otherwise, no power is provided. stored energy.

The timing circuit is used to store electric energy when the power supply circuit or power detection circuit provides electric energy; the power supply electric energy or energy storage capacitor from the power supply circuit or power detection circuit is used to provide on-off control voltage for the switch control circuit; in the power supply circuit and power detection circuit When the circuit does not provide electric energy, the stored electric energy of the energy storage capacitor is consumed within the set delay time t. The power supply circuit can be an independent power supply, such as a battery, or can obtain power from the power supply line between the controllable switch and the electrical device, and convert it into a DC voltage, which is provided to the power detection circuit, switch control circuit and timing circuit. When the controllable switch K-1 is disconnected and the double-pole switch S is also in the normally open state, the power supply circuit immediately stops supplying power, the relay K loses power, and its contact K-1 remains in the normally open state. When the power grid suddenly loses power during the operation of the electrical device, the relay K loses power, and its contacts immediately return to the normally open state, and the double-pole switch S is also in the normally open state. State, the current in the grid will not cause impact on the electrical device, nor will it make it work again.

The switch control circuit is used to control the controllable switch to be turned on only when the power supply of the power supply circuit and the on-off control voltage of the timing circuit exist at the same time, and neither the power supply of the power supply circuit nor the on-off control voltage of the timing circuit is provided, The controllable switch is then controlled to be turned off.

The working principle of the power saving controller shown in Figure 2 is:

When the switch S is pressed, the S-1 terminal is connected, and the grid supplies power to the electrical device. At the same time, due to the linkage relationship, the switch S-2 is also pressed at the same time, and the power supply circuit provides instantaneous power to the timing circuit. , the timing circuit provides on-off control voltage to the switch control circuit while storing electric energy. After the controllable loop in the switch control circuit is turned on, the controllable switch is closed, and the power grid continues to supply power to the electrical device.

When the switch S is released, both the S-1 terminal and the S-2 terminal are cut off. Since the energy storage capacitor has been charged, the stored energy can be used to continue to supply power to the switch control circuit, and the closed state of the controllable switch can be maintained. The grid continuously supplies power to consumers. Assuming that the power on the power supply line of the power grid is lower than the preset threshold value due to reasons such as dormancy and failure of the electrical device, the power detection circuit will not charge the energy storage capacitor, and the energy storage capacitor will lose the power supply circuit and the power detection circuit. The supply source can only provide on-off control voltage for the switch control circuit by its own energy storage, so as to maintain the closure of the controllable switch. When the power consumption time of the timing circuit reaches the set delay time t, and the power detection If the circuit does not detect the power recovery of the power supply line of the grid, the power supply of the switch control circuit disappears due to the exhaustion of energy storage, and the switch control circuit disconnects the controllable switch, thus cutting off the connection between the grid and the electrical device, realizing the delay disconnected.

When the switch S is released, if the electrical device has been working normally, or recovers from sleep, failure and other reasons, as long as the normal working state appears, the power detection circuit will immediately detect this state through the change of power, so as to provide timing The energy storage capacitor in the circuit provides electric energy, so that the energy storage capacitor stores energy and provides on-off control voltage to the switch control circuit, and the switch control circuit connects the connection between the power grid and the electric device. When the electrical device goes to sleep or fails again, it relies on the timing circuit to provide the delayed disconnection service.

Based on the above principles, Figure 3 and Figure 4 show a circuit implementation of the power-saving controller, the circuit is simple and the effect is good. As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the circuit consists of a double-pole switch S, a rectifier filter circuit (that is, a power supply circuit), a power detection circuit, a timing circuit, and a switch control circuit. in,

The rectification and filtering circuit includes: a power transformer T1, a first bridge rectifier or bridge stack composed of rectification diodes VD1-VD4, a voltage stabilizing diode VD9, and a filter capacitor C1.

The power detection circuit includes: a current transformer T2, a second bridge rectifier or a bridge stack composed of rectifier diodes VD5-VD8, a filter capacitor C3, and a non-directional proportional operation circuit composed of an operational amplifier A and its external resistors R3, R4, and R5 , The light-emitting diode VD12 that acts as a switch. The feedback resistor R5 is a rheostat used to adjust the preset threshold.

The timing circuit includes: energy storage capacitor C2 and bleed resistor R1.

The switch control circuit includes: compound connected transistors V1 and V2 and their external base resistor R2, collector freewheeling diode VD11, and AC relay K. The coil in the AC relay is set in the switch control circuit, and its switch contact K- 1. As the controllable switch, it is connected to the live line of the power supply line that the power grid supplies power to the electric device. Further, the switch control circuit may also include a circuit work indication light emitting diode VD10.

The double-pole switch S can adopt a double-pole self-resetting button switch.

The connection relationship of the above electronic components is as follows:

The switch contact K-1 of the AC relay K and the S-1 terminal of the double-pole self-resetting button switch S are connected in parallel to the live wire, and connected to the current transformer T2, the electrical device, and the input terminal of the transformer T1 in sequence; the output terminal of the transformer T1 is connected in parallel Connect the input terminals of the bridge rectifier circuit VD1~VD4 to form a step-down and rectifier circuit; the output terminals of the bridge rectifier circuit VD1~VD4 are connected in parallel with the filter capacitor C1 and the voltage regulator diode VD2 to form a filter and stabilizer circuit, thus providing step-down and rectification The filtered and stabilized low-voltage direct current Va is sent to the power detection circuit, switch control circuit and timing circuit as generated electric energy.

The two ends of the S-2 terminal of the double-pole self-resetting button switch S are connected to the anode of the filter capacitor C1 and the energy storage capacitor C2; the cathode of the energy storage capacitor C2 is grounded; the energy storage capacitor C2 and the bleeder resistor R1 are connected in parallel to form an RC discharge circuit. The anode of the energy storage capacitor C2 is used as a charging and discharging terminal, receiving the electric energy provided by the power supply circuit and the power detection circuit, and providing on-off control voltage to the switch control circuit at the same time. Preferably, the bleeder resistor R1 is a rheostat, which is used to adjust the length of the delay time t.

One end of the base resistor R2 is used as one end of the on-off control voltage provided by the energy storage capacitor C2 in the receiving timing circuit, and is connected to the anode of the energy storage capacitor C2, and the other end of the base resistor R2 is connected to the base of the triode V1, and the emission of the triode V1 The electrode is directly coupled to the base of the transistor V2, the emitter of the transistor V2 is grounded, the collectors of the transistors V1 and V2 are connected to the anode of the freewheeling diode VD11, and connected to the cathode of the light emitting diode VD10 through the relay K, the freewheeling diode VD11 and the light emitting diode VD10 The cathode of the light-emitting diode VD10 is connected to the anode of the light-emitting diode VD10 as the receiving power supply terminal, which is connected to the anode of the filter capacitor C1 (that is, connected to the power supply terminal of the power supply circuit), and at the same time, the switch contact K-1 of the AC relay K is used as the controllable switch.

The current transformer T2 is connected in parallel with the input terminals of the second bridge rectifier VD5-VD8 to form a current sensing and rectification circuit, and the output terminals of the bridge rectifiers VD5-VD8 are connected in parallel with the filter capacitor C3 to form a filter circuit. The current transformer T2 is connected to the live wire of the power grid, and the access point is located between the controllable switch and the electrical device. The current signal induced by the current transformer T2 is rectified by the bridge rectifier VD5-VD8 and then filtered by the filter capacitor C3. The anode of the filter capacitor C3 is connected to the positive input terminal of the operational amplifier A through the balance resistor R3, the cathode of the filter capacitor C3 is grounded and then connected to the negative input terminal of the operational amplifier A through the resistor R4, and the feedback resistor R5 is connected to the negative input terminal of the operational amplifier A In parallel with the output terminal, the operational amplifier A and its external resistors R3, R4, R5 form a proportional operation circuit in the same direction. The operating voltage of the operational amplifier A is provided by the filter capacitor C1 to form a single power supply circuit. The positive input terminal of the power supply of the operational amplifier A Connect the anode of the filter capacitor C1, the negative input terminal of the power supply of the operational amplifier A is connected to the cathode of the filter capacitor C1, that is, ground, the output terminal of the operational amplifier A is connected to the anode of the light-emitting diode VD12, and the cathode of the light-emitting diode VD12 is connected to the anode of the energy storage capacitor C2 , so as to provide power for the timing circuit.

The working principle of the circuit shown in Figure 3 is:

To start working of the energy-saving controller, first press the double-pole self-resetting button switch S (S-1, S-2 are turned on at the same time). C1, Zener diode VD9 steps down, rectifies and filters, and stabilizes the voltage to obtain a low-voltage direct current Va. While the low-voltage direct current Va provides the working voltage for the operational amplifier A, it charges the energy storage capacitor C2 through S-2 at the moment when the double-pole self-resetting button switch S is pressed, and the low-voltage direct current Va also passes through the resistor R2 to make the transistors V1 and V2 conduct On, the relay K is energized, and its contact K-1 is converted from the disconnected state before the power is turned on to the pull-in state.

After the double-pole self-resetting button switch S is released (that is, S-1 and S-2 are disconnected), the charging of the energy storage capacitor C2 is completed, and it starts to discharge through the bleeder resistor R1. Point K-1 is still closed. Assuming that during the discharge process, the electrical device does not work normally, then after the discharge of C2 is completed, the triode V1, V2, and the relay K stop working, the S-1 terminal of the double-pole self-resetting button switch S and the K-1 contact of the relay K All are disconnected, and the connection with the 220V AC is disconnected, and the entire circuit stops working, that is, stops supplying power to the electrical device. The light-emitting diode VD10 is used to indicate the circuit operation. When it is on, it means that the electrical device is powered on, and when it is off, it means that the electrical device is powered off. The bleeder resistor R1 is used for timing time length adjustment. The freewheeling diode VD11 is used to protect the transistors V1 and V2.

If S is released, the electrical device is powered on and works normally, the current transformer T2 rectifies the induced potential through VD5~VD8 and then charges the filter capacitor C3. Charge the energy storage capacitor C2, the voltage across the filter capacitor C3 is positively related to the power of the connected electrical device, the operational amplifier A uses a single power supply, the power supply voltage comes from the filter capacitor C1, and the filter capacitor C1 is connected to the relay contact K- 1. In the pull-in state, the filtered DC voltage Va is provided for the operational amplifier A, the relay K, and the transistors V1 and V2. The capacity of the filter capacitor C1 is much smaller than that of the energy storage capacitor C2. When the timing is up, the contact K of the relay K- After 1 is disconnected, both ends of the filter capacitor C1 lose power instantaneously.

If S is released, when the electrical device is on standby or turned off, its power will drop significantly, and the induced electromotive force sensed by the current transformer T2 will charge the filter capacitor C3 through the second bridge rectifier VD5~VD8, and the two ends of the filter capacitor C3 The voltage is extremely low or zero, and the output voltage amplified by the operational amplifier A is also lower than the conduction voltage drop of the light-emitting diode VD12, the light-emitting diode VD12 is not conducting, and the charging of the energy storage capacitor C2 is interrupted, and the energy storage capacitor C2 starts Discharge through the discharge resistor R1, when the energy storage capacitor C2 is discharged, the transistors V1 and V2 are cut off, the relay K loses power and stops working, the contact K-1 of the relay K is disconnected, and the entire circuit stops working. If you want to extend the timing time, you can press the double-pole self-resetting button switch S again before the timing time, and the time-delayed power-off process is then restarted.

Before the power-saving controller is used for the first time or provided to the user, the threshold voltage needs to be determined according to the electric energy consumed by the connected electric device. The specific method is as follows: first lower the bleeder resistor R1 to ensure the brightness of the light-emitting diode VD12, and then adjust the feedback resistor R5 after the electrical device starts to work. After the brightness is adjusted, the threshold power consumption of the monitored electrical device is obtained and has a certain safety factor. When the power of the electrical device drops sharply, it enters the standby or shutdown state and the delayed power-off process will take effect. After the feedback resistor R5 is adjusted, increase the bleeder resistor R1 to determine the delayed power-off time, and the resistance value of the bleeder resistor R1 is positively related to the delayed power-off time. The light-emitting diode VD10 is the indicator light of the controller's own working status. When the double-pole self-resetting button switch S-1 is pressed, the circuit is energized and works, and the light-emitting diode VD10 emits light. When the relay contact is disconnected from the 220V AC connection, the circuit loses power. Light-emitting diode VD10 goes out. VD12 mainly plays an auxiliary role in circuit calibration and debugging.

To sum up, the above is only a specific implementation method of an energy-saving controller that automatically detects the status of electrical devices and the grid and can delay power-off, and is not intended to limit the protection scope of the present utility model. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model shall be included in the protection scope of the present utility model. For example, the bridge rectifier circuits VD1~VD4 and VD5~VD8 in the controller can be replaced by voltage doubler rectifier circuits; the rectifier filter circuit composed of power transformer T1, rectifier diodes VD1~VD4, Zener diode VD9, and filter capacitor C1 can be replaced by a battery Or a battery pack instead; the double-pole self-resetting button switch S can be replaced by an ordinary double-pole switch, so that when the switch is in the ON state, the power-saving controller does not work, and when the switch turns from the ON state to the OFF state, the power-saving controller starts to detect The power-off signal of the electrical device and the delay cut off the connection with the 220V AC, which means that to make the power-saving controller work, it is necessary to press the switch twice, the first press is ON, and the second press is OFF .

The controller can be placed inside the 220V AC power converter or electrical equipment, or it can be an independent device connected to the power supply network.

Claims (9)

1. A power-saving controller capable of delaying power failure is characterized in that the power-saving controller is arranged on a power supply line of an electric device; the power-saving controller comprises a controllable switch, a power supply circuit, a power detection circuit, a timing circuit, a switch control circuit and a double-pole switch S; the switch states of an S-1 terminal and an S-2 terminal included in the double-pole switch S are the same;

a controllable switch which is disconnected in an initial state is connected to a power supply line of a power grid to an electric device, and two ends of the controllable switch are connected with an S-1 terminal in parallel;

the power supply circuit is used for sending the generated electric energy to the power detection circuit, the switch control circuit and the timing circuit, and an S-2 terminal is connected to a power supply line between the power supply circuit and the timing circuit;

the power detection circuit is used for detecting the power of a power supply line for supplying power to the electric equipment by the power grid, if the power is larger than or equal to a preset threshold value, extracting the power from the power supply line to store energy for an energy storage capacitor in the timing circuit, and otherwise, not providing the energy storage energy;

the timing circuit is used for storing electric energy when the power supply circuit or the power detection circuit supplies the electric energy; the power supply electric energy or the energy storage capacitor is adopted to provide on-off control voltage for the switch control circuit; when the power supply circuit and the power detection circuit do not provide electric energy, the stored electric energy of the energy storage capacitor is consumed within the set delay time t;

and the switch control circuit is used for controlling the controllable switch to be switched on only when the power supply of the power supply circuit and the on-off control voltage of the timing circuit exist at the same time, and controlling the controllable switch to be switched off when any one of the power supply circuit and the on-off control voltage of the timing circuit is not supplied.

2. The power saving controller of claim 1, wherein the power supply circuit is a battery or a battery pack.

3. The power-saving controller according to claim 1, wherein the power supply circuit is a rectifying filter circuit comprising a power transformer T1, a first bridge rectifier, a voltage stabilizing diode VD9 and a filter capacitor C1;

the input end of a power transformer T1 is connected with a power grid, and the output end of a power transformer T1 is connected with the input end of a bridge rectifier to form a voltage reduction and rectification circuit; the output end of the bridge rectifier is connected with a filter capacitor C1 and a voltage stabilizing diode VD2 in parallel to form a filter and voltage stabilizing circuit; therefore, the low-voltage direct current Va after voltage reduction, rectification filtering and voltage stabilization is provided and is sent to the power detection circuit, the switch control circuit and the timing circuit as the generated electric energy.

4. The power saving controller of claim 1, wherein the timing circuit comprises an energy storage capacitor C2 and a bleeder resistor R1 connected in parallel; the anode of the energy storage capacitor C2 is used as a charging and discharging end, receives the electric energy provided by the power supply circuit and the power detection circuit, and provides on-off control voltage for the switch control circuit.

5. The power-saving controller according to claim 4, wherein the bleeder resistor R1 is a rheostat, and the switching resistance of the rheostat is adjusted according to the length of the required delay time t.

6. The power-saving controller according to claim 1, wherein the power detection circuit comprises a current transformer T2, a second bridge rectifier, a filter capacitor C3, a same-direction proportional operational circuit composed of an operational amplifier A and an external balance resistor R3, a resistor R4 and a feedback resistor R5, and a light-emitting diode VD12 functioning as a switch; the operational amplifier A is powered by a power supply circuit to form single power supply;

the current transformer T2 is connected to a live wire of a power grid, the access point is positioned between the controllable switch and the electric device, and a current signal induced by the current transformer T2 is rectified by the second bridge rectifier and then filtered by the filter capacitor C3; the anode of the filter capacitor C3 is connected with the positive input end of the operational amplifier A through the balance resistor R3, the cathode of the filter capacitor C3 is grounded and then connected with the negative input end of the operational amplifier A through the resistor R4, and the feedback resistor R5 is connected with the negative input end and the output end of the operational amplifier A in parallel; the output end of the operational amplifier A is connected with the anode of the light-emitting diode VD12, and the cathode of the light-emitting diode VD12 provides electric energy for the timing circuit.

7. The power-saving controller as claimed in claim 6, wherein the feedback resistor R5 is a rheostat, and the connection resistance of the rheostat is adjusted according to the preset threshold.

8. The power saving controller according to claim 1, wherein the switch control circuit includes a transistor V1, a transistor V2, a base resistor R2, a collector freewheeling diode VD11 and an ac relay K;

one end of a base resistor R2 is used as one end for receiving on-off control voltage provided by a timing circuit, the other end of the base resistor R2 is connected with the base electrode of a triode V1, the emitter electrode of the triode V1 is directly coupled to the base electrode of a triode V2, the emitter electrode of a triode V2 is grounded, after a freewheeling diode VD11 is connected with a coil of an alternating current relay K in parallel, one end of the freewheeling diode VD11 is connected with the collector electrodes of the triodes V1 and V2, and the other end of the freewheeling diode VD11 is led out to be;

meanwhile, a switch contact K-1 of the alternating current relay K is used as the controllable switch.

9. The power-saving controller according to claim 8, wherein a light emitting diode VD10 is further connected in series on the receiving power supply terminal.