CN205544520U - Automatic energy -conserving charging circuit of pressure regulating - Google Patents

Abstract

An automatic voltage regulation and energy-saving charging circuit relates to a charging circuit. It includes a transformer W, a diode D4, a triode V3 and a relay K. The two ends of the winding N1 of the transformer W are respectively connected to the two ends of the 220V alternating current, one end of the winding N2 of the transformer W is connected to the port 3 of the rectifier bridge T, and the winding of the transformer W The other end of N2 is connected to the winding N3 of the transformer W and the second fixed end 2 of the contact K-1 of the relay K, and the other end of the winding N3 of the transformer W is connected to the first fixed end of the contact K-1 of the relay K 1. The circuit structure is simple and there are few components. Using the working characteristics of the 555 timer chip and combining ordinary resistance components to make a charger that can automatically stop, an overvoltage automatic adjustment module is designed in the circuit to protect the circuit and load. The advantages of convenient use, precise control and various functions.

Description

An automatic voltage regulation energy-saving charging circuit

technical field

The utility model relates to a charging circuit, in particular to an automatic voltage regulation and energy-saving charging circuit.

Background technique

Rechargeable batteries are a common item in people's daily life. Many portable mobile devices use rechargeable batteries, and the batteries themselves have a certain number of charge and discharge times. Generally, the battery life is only 2 to 3 years. Therefore, after the battery is fully charged , if the charger cannot be unplugged or turned off in time, it will not only cause a great waste of electric energy, but also significantly reduce the service life of the battery. Secondly, in some remote areas, the voltage is seriously affected by the fluctuation of the power grid, which may easily cause the charger or rechargeable battery to burn out. The reason is the generation of overvoltage, so it needs to be improved.

Contents of the invention

The purpose of the utility model is to provide an automatic voltage regulation and energy-saving charging circuit.

The utility model is provided with a transformer W, a diode D4, a triode V3 and a relay K. The two ends of the winding N1 of the transformer W are respectively connected to the two ends of the 220V alternating current, and one end of the winding N2 of the transformer W is connected to the third port of the rectifier bridge T. 3. The other end of the winding N2 of the transformer W is connected to the winding N3 of the transformer W and the second fixed end 2 of the contact K-1 of the relay K, and the other end of the winding N3 of the transformer W is connected to the contact K-1 of the relay K The first fixed end 1 of the relay K, the moving end of the contact K-1 of the relay K is connected to the first port 1 of the rectifier bridge T, and the second port 2 of the rectifier bridge T is connected to the cathode of the diode D4, the capacitor C3, the relay K, and the switch S1, the collector of the transistor V1, the anode of the diode D1, the resistor R4, the fourth pin 4 of the chip IC1 and the eighth pin 8 of the chip IC1, the anode of the diode D4 is connected to the base of the transistor V3 and the resistor R5, and the resistor R5 Connect the other end of the capacitor C1, capacitor C2, capacitor C3, resistor R1, the emitter of the transistor V3, the fourth port 4 of the rectifier bridge T and the first pin 1 of the chip IC1, and the collector of the transistor V3 is connected to the other end of the relay K One end, the other end of the switch S1 is connected to the base of the transistor V1 and the other end of the capacitor C1, the emitter of the transistor V1 is connected to the other end of the resistor R1, the second pin 2 of the chip IC1 and the sixth pin 6 of the chip IC1, The fifth pin 5 of the chip IC1 is connected to the other end of the capacitor C2, the cathode of the diode D1 is connected to the base of the resistor R3 and the transistor V2, the other end of the resistor R4 is connected to the collector of the transistor V2, and the emitter of the transistor V2 is connected to the diode D2 The anode and the cathode of the diode D2 are connected to the positive pole of the battery E, and the third pin 3 of the chip IC1 is connected to the other end of the resistor R3 and the negative pole of the battery E.

The chip IC1 can be a chip of model NE555.

The diode D2 can be a light emitting diode.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the utility model are:

The utility model has a simple circuit structure and few components, and utilizes the working characteristics of the 555 timer chip and combines common resistance elements to make a charger capable of automatic stop. At the same time, an overvoltage automatic adjustment module is designed in the circuit, which can protect the circuit and load, so it has the advantages of convenient use, precise control and multiple functions.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the composition diagram of the circuit principle of the embodiment of the utility model.

detailed description

The following embodiments will further illustrate the technical solution of the present utility model in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

Referring to Fig. 1, an automatic voltage regulation energy-saving charging circuit includes a transformer W, a diode D4, a triode V3 and a relay K, the two ends of the winding N1 of the transformer W are respectively connected to the two ends of the 220V alternating current, the winding N2 of the transformer W One end is connected to the third port 3 of the rectifier bridge T, the other end of the winding N2 of the transformer W is connected to the winding N3 of the transformer W and the second fixed end 2 of the contact K-1 of the relay K, and the other end of the winding N3 of the transformer W Connect the first fixed end 1 of the contact K-1 of the relay K, the moving end of the contact K-1 of the relay K is connected to the first port 1 of the rectifier bridge T, and the second port 2 of the rectifier bridge T is connected to the diode D4 Cathode, capacitor C3, relay K, switch S1, collector of transistor V1, anode of diode D1, resistor R4, fourth pin 4 of chip IC1 and eighth pin 8 of chip IC1, anode of diode D4 is connected to transistor V3 The base of resistor R5, the other end of resistor R5 is connected to capacitor C1, capacitor C2, capacitor C3, resistor R1, the emitter of transistor V3, the fourth port 4 of rectifier bridge T and the first pin 1 of chip IC1, the transistor The collector of V3 is connected to the other end of the relay K, the other end of the switch S1 is connected to the base of the transistor V1 and the other end of the capacitor C1, the emitter of the transistor V1 is connected to the other end of the resistor R1, the second pin 2 of the chip IC1 and The sixth pin 6 of the chip IC1, the fifth pin 5 of the chip IC1 are connected to the other end of the capacitor C2, the cathode of the diode D1 is connected to the resistor R3 and the base of the transistor V2, and the other end of the resistor R4 is connected to the collector of the transistor V2, The emitter of the transistor V2 is connected to the anode of the diode D2, the cathode of the diode D2 is connected to the positive pole of the battery E, the third pin 3 of the chip IC1 is connected to the other end of the resistor R3 and the negative pole of the battery E, and the model of the chip IC1 is NE555.

Diode D2 is a light emitting diode.

The working principle of the utility model is: after the 220V mains voltage is stepped down by the transformer W and rectified by the rectifier bridge T, the DC voltage is output, and the capacitor C3 is a filter capacitor. The circuit uses a multi-phase transformer combined with a voltage detection circuit to realize the automatic voltage regulation function. The voltage detection is composed of diode D4, resistor R5 and triode V3, which is used to detect the DC voltage output from the second port 2 of the rectifier bridge T. Under normal circumstances, the base of the triode V3 cannot be powered, so the relay K is not energized, and its trigger Point K-1 is connected to the first fixed terminal 1. At this time, the transformer windings N1-N3 are all connected to the circuit to work. When in use, connect to the battery E, press the switch S1, C1 is charged, and pin 2 of the chip IC1 and Pin 6 is powered, and then discharged through the emitter of V1 and R1. The selection of C1 and R1 determines the discharge time. Pin 3 of the chip IC1 always outputs a low level to make the constant current charging device composed of D1, R3 and V2 work. D1 not only provides the reference voltage but also acts as a charging instruction. When the potential of pin 2 and pin 6 of the chip IC2 is higher than 2/3 times the output voltage of the rectifier bridge, the chip IC1 flips, the pin 3 outputs a high level, and the charging stops. If the mains overvoltage occurs, The voltage detected by the voltage detection circuit rises. When it rises enough to make the transistor V3 conduct, the transistor V3 conducts, the relay K is powered, and its contact K-1 is connected to the second fixed end 2. At this time Only the windings N1-N2 are connected to the circuit to achieve the purpose of reducing the input voltage and effectively protect the circuit and load from overvoltage damage.

Claims (3)

1. an automatic voltage regulation energy-saving charging circuit is characterized in that being provided with transformer (W), diode (D4), triode (V3) and relay (K), the two ends of the winding (N1) of described transformer (W) Connect the two ends of the 220V AC respectively, one end of the winding (N2) of the transformer (W) is connected to the third port (3) of the rectifier bridge (T), and the other end of the winding (N2) of the transformer (W) is connected to the transformer (W) The winding (N3) of the transformer (W) and the second fixed end (2) of the contact (K-1) of the relay (K), the other end of the winding (N3) of the transformer (W) is connected to the contact (K) of the relay (K) -1) the first fixed end (1), the moving end of the contact (K-1) of the relay (K) is connected to the first port (1) of the rectifier bridge (T), and the second end of the rectifier bridge (T) Port (2) connects the cathode of diode (D4), capacitor (C3), relay (K), switch (S1), collector of triode (V1), anode of diode (D1), resistor (R4), chip (IC1 ) of the fourth pin (4) and the eighth pin (8) of the chip (IC1), the anode of the diode (D4) is connected to the base of the transistor (V3) and the resistor (R5), and the other end of the resistor (R5) Connect the capacitor (C1), capacitor (C2), capacitor (C3), resistor (R1), the emitter of the transistor (V3), the fourth port (4) of the rectifier bridge (T) and the first pin of the chip (IC1). Pin (1), the collector of the transistor (V3) is connected to the other end of the relay (K), the other end of the switch (S1) is connected to the base of the transistor (V1) and the other end of the capacitor (C1), the transistor (V1) The emitter is connected to the other end of the resistor (R1), the second pin (2) of the chip (IC1) and the sixth pin (6) of the chip (IC1), and the fifth pin (5) of the chip (IC1) is connected to The other end of the capacitor (C2), the cathode of the diode (D1) is connected to the resistor (R3) and the base of the transistor (V2), the other end of the resistor (R4) is connected to the collector of the transistor (V2), and the emitter of the transistor (V2) The pole is connected to the anode of the diode (D2), the cathode of the diode (D2) is connected to the positive pole of the battery (E), and the third pin (3) of the chip (IC1) is connected to the other end of the resistor (R3) and the negative pole of the battery (E) . 2. An automatic voltage regulation and energy-saving charging circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that said chip (IC1) adopts a chip whose model is NE555. 3. An automatic voltage regulation and energy saving charging circuit according to claim 1, characterized in that said diode (D2) is a light emitting diode.