CN204007536U - Reservoir dam depression and horizontal shift reference point pick-up unit - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a reservoir dam subsidence and horizontal displacement reference point detection device, which comprises a housing, an image detection device, a baffle mechanism, a camera, a controller and a solar battery panel, the housing is a cuboid housing, Light-transmitting holes are respectively provided on the corresponding two sides of the cuboid housing, the image detection device is arranged between the two light-transmitting holes in the housing, and baffles are respectively arranged between the two light-transmitting holes and the image detection device mechanism, the camera is arranged inside the side wall of the image detection device parallel to the laser path, the controller is arranged in the casing, and the solar cell panel is arranged on the top of the casing. The reservoir dam subsidence and horizontal displacement reference point detection device provided by the utility model not only has low product cost, high measurement accuracy and stable performance, but also is easy to install, greatly affected by geographical environment, low maintenance cost and strong practicability.

Description

Reservoir Dam Subsidence and Horizontal Displacement Reference Point Detection Device

technical field

The utility model relates to a reservoir dam body detection device, in particular to a reservoir dam body subsidence and horizontal displacement reference point detection device.

Background technique

As a key hub project of a major water conservancy project, the stability and safety of the dam is directly related to the normal operation of other auxiliary projects of the entire water conservancy project, and directly affects and determines the overall safety and design benefits of the major water conservancy project. Its stability and safety are directly related to the life and property safety of the people in the downstream area, social and economic construction and ecological environment safety.

After concrete dams and masonry dams are built and used as water storage reservoirs, the dam body will inevitably deform under the effects of water pressure, sediment pressure, wave pressure, uplift pressure, and temperature changes. It is a normal phenomenon that the deformation of the dam body and the changes of various loads and influencing factors have corresponding regular changes and are within the allowable range. However, the abnormal deformation of the dam body is often the harbinger of the dam failure accident. For example, before the accident of the Malpasset arch dam in France in 1959, the abutment had abnormal deformation. If the dam had carried out systematic deformation observation during the operation period, grasped the deformation of the abutment in time, and took effective measures, it would be possible to avoid the dam failure. of. Therefore, in order to ensure the safe operation of concrete dams and masonry dams, it is necessary to observe the deformation of the dam body, so as to know whether the deformation of the dam is normal under the influence of various loads and related factors at any time. Concrete dams and masonry dams are subject to horizontal thrust such as water pressure and upward uplift pressure on the dam bottom, and tend to slide and overturn downstream, so horizontal displacement observations are required. Concrete and masonry are both elastic bodies, and the dam body will deflect under horizontal loads, so deflection observations are also required. The volume of the dam body will change under the influence of temperature and loads such as its own weight, and the foundation will also sink, so vertical displacement (subsidence) observations are required. Since the 1980s, my country has carried out large-scale deployment of monitoring systems on dams.

The main classification methods of dam displacement monitoring are: 1) According to the position of the measuring point, it is divided into dam surface and internal displacement monitoring; 2) According to the measurement function, it is divided into horizontal displacement monitoring, vertical displacement monitoring and three-dimensional displacement monitoring; 3) According to the continuity of monitoring, it can be divided into manual periodic monitoring and online continuous monitoring. The surface displacement monitoring methods of the dam body include two categories: 1) according to the elevation and position of the base point, use theodolite, level, electronic range finder or laser collimator, GPS, intelligent total station, etc. to measure the punctuation points and target points on the dam body surface; This method can realize the three-dimensional displacement data measurement of the measuring point; 2) install or bury some displacement monitoring instruments on the surface of the dam body, this method can usually only measure the single displacement data of the measuring point. The internal displacement monitoring of the dam body is mainly realized by installing buried instruments, usually only a single displacement data (horizontal displacement or vertical displacement) of the measuring point can be monitored. Commonly used displacement monitoring instruments include displacement gauges, seam gauges, inclinometers, settlement gauges, vertical line coordinate instruments, tension line instruments, multi-point displacement gauges and strain gauges.

The current situation of online detection research at home and abroad is as follows.

1. Horizontal displacement online monitoring technology

The horizontal displacement monitoring technology of the dam body, the surface deformation monitoring, and the vertical displacement monitoring of the dam body are arranged and mutually verified. Commonly used technologies include inclinometer technology, tension line technology, positive and inverted perpendicular line technology, etc.

1.1 Inclinometer technology

The inclinometer technology is mainly used to measure the horizontal displacement inside the dam body. The working principle is to measure the angle change between the axis of the inclinometer pipe and the plumb line, so as to calculate the horizontal displacement of each point in the soil layer. Inclinometers are divided into active inclinometers and fixed inclinometers. The movable inclinometer is used for manual measurement, and the fixed inclinometer can realize automatic online measurement. The measurement method is to form a sensor string with a certain distance between several fixed inclinometers, and calculate the displacement of the inclinometer pipe section corresponding to each sensor according to the sensor distance (gauge length) and the measured inclination angle, and form the horizontal deformation curve of the inclinometer pipe. According to different sensors, fixed inclinometers are divided into servo accelerometer type, electrolyte type, resistance strain gauge type and so on. The method has less construction interference, sufficient theoretical basis for the measurement principle, stable performance, simple operation, and online monitoring. The measurement accuracy meets the requirements when the measurement hole depth is not large; but when the hole depth is large, more sensors are arranged inside, the cost is higher, and the measurement accuracy is affected.

1.2 Drawing wire technology

The tension line type horizontal displacement meter uses stainless steel wire with a small linear expansion coefficient to transmit the horizontal displacement of the monitoring point inside the dam body to the observation room outside the dam, and realizes the horizontal displacement inside the dam body by measuring the relative displacement of the steel wire to the fixed punctuation point. observe. Through the guide pulley, a fixed weight or weight is added to the end of the observation room. When the horizontal measuring point in the dam moves, the steel wire is driven to move. The displacement of the steel wire at the fixed punctuation plus its own displacement is the horizontal measuring point in the dam. the amount of displacement. The measurement results of this method have good repeatability and high precision, and the measurement results are not affected by environmental factors such as atmospheric pressure and temperature, do not need atmospheric pressure compensation and temperature correction, and have good long-term stability. But this method is complex in construction and inconvenient in maintenance. Tension line technology can also be used to monitor the horizontal displacement of the dam surface. The principle is to use a stainless steel wire to apply tension at both ends, so that the projection on the horizontal plane is a straight line to measure the offset distance of the measured point relative to the straight line. Compared with the line of sight method, the reference line of this method is a physical straight line. The tension line method is characterized by being less affected by the outside world and widely used in dam monitoring. Its measurement accuracy mainly depends on the reading accuracy. The tension line measurement system using linear array CCD sensor realizes automatic reading. The range is several centimeters, and the accuracy is better than ±0.1mm. However, the two ends of the tension line are generally provided with positive and negative vertical lines to provide a benchmark for measurement, which objectively increases the cost of installation and maintenance of the system. The development trend of tension line technology is bidirectional tension line, which can observe the displacement in horizontal and vertical direction at the same time, which improves the observation rate.

1.3 Positive and inverted vertical line technology

The normal and inverted perpendicular lines can not only monitor the horizontal displacement of the dam surface, but also realize the deflection observation of the earth dam. At the same time, this method is often used in conjunction with other methods such as laser collimation method and tension line method. One end of the normal vertical line is fixed near the dam crest, and the other end is hung with a weight, so as to observe the displacement between each point of the dam body and the dam body relative to the dam foundation, as well as the observation of the deflection of the dam body. One end of the inverted vertical line is buried in the deep bedrock of the dam foundation, and the other end is floated to measure the absolute displacement of the dam body. This technology is widely used in dam monitoring and has been fully developed. It can realize automatic reading by using linear array CCD sensor technology.

2 On-line monitoring technology for vertical displacement of dam body

The vertical displacement monitoring of the dam body, the external deformation monitoring, and the horizontal displacement monitoring of the dam body are arranged and mutually verified. The main monitoring methods include connected pipe monitoring technology (static leveling method), horizontal fixed inclinometer monitoring technology, vibrating wire settlement instrument monitoring technology, etc.

2.1 Connected pipe online monitoring technology

Using the principle that the two ports of the connecting pipe are on the same horizontal plane for observation, the realization method of vertical displacement monitoring inside the dam body is: a settlement probe is installed at the monitoring part of the dam body, and a container is placed in the probe, equipped with a water inlet pipe, a drainage pipe The three pipes lead to the observation room outside the dam along the slope, and the water inlet pipe is connected with the measuring device (glass tube marked with scale) in the observation room. Through the connection balance, the liquid level in the glass tube and the measuring head The liquid level of the container inside is at the same water level elevation. The drain pipe is to discharge the excess liquid exceeding the limited water level in the measuring head container, fix the water level in the measuring head container, and calculate the height of the measuring head through the glass tube water level on the measuring device in the observation room. The exhaust pipe communicates the container with the atmosphere of the observation room, so that the liquid surface in the container and the liquid surface in the glass tube are both free liquid surfaces at the same atmospheric pressure. The measurement principle of this method is simple, and the measurement results are intuitive. The height of the water column in the glass tube is measured by a sensor with high measurement accuracy, which can realize on-line monitoring. But there are also the following disadvantages: the workload of civil construction is heavy, the concrete pouring of the measuring point pier needs maintenance time, the excavation of the trench affects the construction traffic, the construction interference is large, and the construction progress of the main body is affected; To carry out necessary protection, the pipeline must be connected reliably; there are special requirements for liquids, distilled water with exhaust must be used, and antifreeze should be added in cold areas; the environment in the pipeline is suitable for the survival of microorganisms, and substances that affect the smooth flow of the pipeline will inevitably be produced, resulting in the measurement system Failure; complicated observation procedures and maintenance measures. The static level is also an important instrument for monitoring the vertical settlement of the dam surface. The measurement principle is the same as that of the connecting pipe. According to the elevation of the starting point of measurement, the height difference measured through the connecting pipe is used to measure the elevation of the punctuation point. The connecting pipe is composed of a rubber pipe, a glass pipe and a ruler. This method is not affected by atmospheric refraction, it is easy to realize the automation of reading and transmission, and the measurement accuracy is better than ±0.1mm. It is widely used in vertical displacement monitoring. The static level requires high precision and long-term measurement stability and reliability, which cannot be met by ordinary small-range pressure sensors.

2.2 Horizontal fixed inclinometer monitoring technology

The inclinometer pipe is laid horizontally on the design monitoring elevation, and a sensor string composed of several horizontal fixed inclinometers is placed in the pipe at a certain interval, and the fixed inclinometer sensor is used to measure the inclination angle in the vertical direction. The measured inclination angle is used to calculate the displacement of the inclinometer pipe section corresponding to the sensor, and the deformation curve formed by the algebraic sum of the displacement of each sensor corresponding to the pipe section is the settlement deformation curve of the inclinometer pipe. This method has less construction interference, convenient and quick installation, sufficient theoretical basis for the measurement principle, observation can be carried out during the construction period, no need for supporting civil engineering, easy to realize online monitoring, high sensor resolution, measurement accuracy meets the requirements, and the observation result is a settlement curve , conforming to the law of deformation of the dam body. However, the measurement range is small, and uneven subsidence or dislocation is prone to occur, which has a great impact on the measurement system. Whether it can adapt to large settlement deformation needs further research and verification.

2.3 Vibrating wire settlement instrument monitoring technology

The vibrating wire settlement instrument is fixed on the settlement plate, and the distilled water (antifreeze) is input into the settlement instrument through the liquid pipe to form a distilled water (antifreeze) water column, and the pressure generated by the water column directly acts on the pressure bearing mold of the sensor. The change of the sensor frequency is used to calculate the pressure change value, and the height of the water column can be deduced after conversion. Measure the height of the water column liquid level and calculate the height of the settling plate. The measurement principle of this method is simple, the construction is more convenient, the observation can be carried out during the construction period, and online monitoring can be realized. However, there are problems of pipeline blockage and antifreeze. If the height of the water column is too high, the measurement accuracy cannot meet the specification requirements. The absolute settlement observation accuracy is affected by the leveling accuracy.

3 Three-dimensional displacement online monitoring technology

The various monitoring methods mentioned above measure the horizontal displacement and vertical displacement of the deformation point separately, which affects the measurement accuracy, increases the construction difficulty and workload, and the measurement data has poor simultaneity. With the development of measuring instruments and measurement technology, a large number of measurement technologies that can continuously observe the horizontal displacement and vertical displacement of the deformation point on the surface of the dam body have been widely used at present. Since the measurement is the three-dimensional displacement value of the deformation point, it is called "three-dimensional displacement monitoring". "The main technologies include high-precision intelligent total station technology and GPS monitoring technology.

3.1 Intelligent total station technology

Intelligent total station technology is to use the so-called measurement robot (Measurement Robot, or geo-robot) to automatically search, track, identify and accurately locate the target and obtain information such as angle, distance, three-dimensional coordinates and images. The automatic deformation monitoring of tailings dams is carried out by using an intelligent total station. The general monitoring form is: a deformation monitoring system formed by an intelligent total station, a monitoring point target (sighting prism) and a host control computer, which can realize all-weather monitoring. The essence of unattended monitoring is an automatic polar coordinate measurement system. The system can automatically collect, transmit and process the three-dimensional data of deformation points without manual intervention. Remote monitoring and management can also be realized by using the Internet or other local area networks. This method has low cost of monitoring point layout, easy management and maintenance, high monitoring accuracy, and the monitoring distance measurement accuracy can reach about 1mm. However, the disadvantage is that the system layout is affected by terrain, climate and other conditions, and the line-of-sight measurement cannot be fully realized. Compared with the traditional measurement method, the initial installation cost is relatively high.

3.2 GPS automatic deformation monitoring technology

Among the installed on-line monitoring systems in our country, most of the dam surface displacement measurement adopts GPS automatic monitoring technology. Both the GPS automatic monitoring technology and the automatic total station automatic monitoring technology determine the displacement of the monitoring point by comparing the relative position of the monitoring point on the dam surface with the base point. However, the monitoring accuracy of a single GPS device cannot meet the technical requirements of tailings dam safety management. It is necessary to use the GPS real-time differential deformation monitoring system to use the deformation comparison between each monitoring point and the reference station, which can greatly improve the displacement monitoring accuracy. The GPS displacement monitoring accuracy can be improved. Up to 3mm horizontal displacement and 5mm vertical displacement. The application of GPS to monitor the deformation of tailings dams has many advantages: 1) No need to communicate with each other between the measuring stations; 2) The three-dimensional displacement information of the monitoring points can be controlled at the same time; 3) All-weather monitoring; 4) High monitoring accuracy; 5) Easy to operate , Easy to realize monitoring automation. But GPS also has its disadvantages: 1) limited by satellite conditions. For example, it is required that the GPS antenna and GPS satellites must be in sight, and any occlusion will reduce the number of available satellites and affect the measurement accuracy. 2) Affected by the sky environment. At noon during the day, it is greatly disturbed by the ionosphere. The number of shared satellites is small, and often less than 5 satellites are received, so the initialization time is long, or even initialization cannot be performed, and measurement cannot be performed. 3) The data link transmission is interfered and restricted, and the operating radius is smaller than the nominal distance. When the above situation occurs, the measurement accuracy cannot reach the nominal accuracy and cannot meet the measurement requirements.

At present, in the field of dam safety monitoring in my country, the development of monitoring instruments and automatic data acquisition systems, as well as the research of data processing and analysis methods are close to or reach the international advanced level. However, for many years, the displacement monitoring of reservoir dams in our country has been in the manual monitoring stage, and the online monitoring has only just developed in recent years. As far as the displacement monitoring equipment itself is concerned, although there are many types, each equipment has its shortcomings. From the aspects of accuracy, stability, installation engineering, maintenance, use, price, etc., the equipment that can meet various requirements rare. The internal displacement monitoring of the dam body can only use traditional single-item displacement monitoring equipment, which needs to be pre-buried or drilled for installation, which is inconvenient for construction, and there is no good alternative method at present; the three-dimensional data monitoring equipment used for the surface displacement of the dam body is easy to install and has high performance. It is stable and has high precision, but it is greatly affected by the geographical environment, and the installation conditions are limited. Moreover, the localization rate of such equipment is low and the installation cost is high.

Utility model content

In view of the above shortcomings, the utility model provides a low-cost, high-precision, and fully functional detection device for the subsidence and horizontal displacement reference point of the reservoir dam.

The technical scheme adopted by the utility model to solve the technical problems is: the reservoir dam subsidence and horizontal displacement reference point detection device, which is characterized in that it includes a housing, an image detection device, a baffle mechanism, a camera, a controller and a solar panel, The housing is a cuboid housing, and light transmission holes are respectively arranged on the two sides corresponding to the cuboid housing, and the image detection device is arranged between the two light transmission holes in the housing, and between the two light transmission holes and the image detection A baffle mechanism is also provided between the devices, the camera is arranged on the inner side of the side wall of the image detection device parallel to the laser path, the controller is arranged in the casing, and the solar panel is arranged on the top of the casing;

The image detection device includes a frame of the image detection device and a laser intercepting reflective cross, the frame of the image detecting device is provided with slots distributed in parallel at equal intervals, the laser intercepting reflective cross is arranged in the slot of the frame of the image detecting device, and the laser The plane where the intercepting reflective cross is located is parallel to the laser path; wherein, the laser intercepting reflective cross is composed of two vertical laser reflective strips;

The baffle mechanism includes two baffles, a baffle telescopic drive mechanism and a baffle mobile drive mechanism, the two baffles are connected through a baffle telescopic drive mechanism, the baffle mobile drive mechanism and the baffle telescopic drive mechanism connected, the end of the travel of the baffle telescopic drive mechanism and the baffle mobile drive mechanism is provided with a limit switch connected to the controller;

The controller is respectively connected with the baffle telescopic driving mechanism, the baffle moving driving mechanism, the camera and the solar panel.

Preferably, the controller includes an ultra-low-power single-chip microcomputer and a solar battery timing controller connected to the single-chip microcomputer, an OV7670 image sensor, an EEPROM memory chip, a data memory, a switch input circuit and a PWM pulse output circuit, and the OV7670 image The sensor is connected with the camera, the switching value input circuit is connected with the limit switch, and the PWM pulse output circuit is respectively connected with the servo motors of the baffle telescopic drive mechanism and the baffle mobile drive mechanism through the digital-to-analog conversion circuit.

Preferably, the single-chip microcomputer adopts STM8L series single-chip microcomputer.

Preferably, the controller further includes a radio frequency chip, and the radio frequency chip is connected to a single-chip microcomputer.

Preferably, the light-transmitting hole is a circular hole, a square hole or other vertically symmetrical holes.

The beneficial effects of the utility model are:

The reservoir dam subsidence and horizontal displacement reference point detection device provided by the utility model not only has low product cost, high measurement accuracy and stable performance, but also is easy to install, greatly affected by geographical environment, low maintenance cost and strong practicability.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of detection device described in the utility model;

Fig. 2 is a schematic structural view of the image detection device described in the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the baffle mechanism described in the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the structural representation of controller described in the utility model;

In the figure, 1 shell, 11 light transmission hole, 2 image detection device, 21 frame of image detection device, 22 laser intercepting reflective cross, 3 baffle mechanism, 31 baffle, 32 baffle telescopic drive mechanism, 33 baffle moving drive mechanism, 4 cameras, 5 controllers, 6 solar panels;

M1 and M2 are the servo motors of the baffle telescopic drive mechanism,

M3 and M4 are the servo motors of the baffle moving drive mechanism,

M5 is the servo motor of the horizontal drive mechanism of the laser through-hole baffle,

M6 is the servo motor of the vertical drive mechanism of the laser through-hole baffle.

Detailed ways

In order to clearly illustrate the technical features of this solution, the utility model will be described in detail below through specific embodiments combined with the accompanying drawings. The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for realizing different structures of the present invention. To simplify the disclosure of the present invention, components and arrangements of specific examples are described below. Furthermore, the present invention may repeat reference numerals and/or letters in different instances. This repetition is for the purpose of simplicity and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and/or arrangements discussed. It should be noted that components illustrated in the figures are not necessarily drawn to scale. The present invention omits descriptions of known components and processing techniques and processes to avoid unnecessarily limiting the present invention.

As shown in Figure 1, Figure 2 and Figure 3, the reservoir dam subsidence and horizontal displacement reference point detection device of the utility model includes a housing 1, an image detection device 2, a baffle mechanism 3, a camera 4, a controller 5 and The solar cell panel 6, the housing 1 is a cuboid housing, and the two sides corresponding to the cuboid housing are respectively provided with light-transmitting holes 11, and the image detection device 2 is arranged between the two light-transmitting holes in the housing. A baffle mechanism 3 is also provided between the two light-transmitting holes and the image detection device, and the camera 4 is arranged on the inside of the side wall of the image detection device parallel to the laser path (that is, the front side of the laser intercepting the reflective cross 22). For image acquisition, the controller 5 is arranged in the casing, and the solar cell panel 6 is arranged on the top of the casing.

As shown in Figure 2, the image detection device 2 includes an image detection device frame 21 and a laser intercepting reflective cross 22. In the slot hole of the frame of the image detection device, the plane where the laser intercepting reflective cross is located is parallel to the laser path; In the slot hole of the device frame, reinforcement strips can be set at both ends of one of the two vertical laser reflective strips to form a vertical or bedroom "king" structure, or between the two laser reflective strips Reinforcing strips are set at both ends to form a "field" structure.

As shown in Figure 3, the baffle mechanism 3 includes two baffles 31, a baffle telescopic drive mechanism 32 and a baffle moving drive mechanism 33, and the two baffles 31 are connected through the baffle telescopic drive mechanism 32, so The baffle plate moving drive mechanism 33 is connected with the baffle plate telescopic drive mechanism 32 , and the stroke end of the baffle plate telescopic drive mechanism and the baffle plate mobile drive mechanism is provided with a limit switch connected with the controller 5 .

The controller is respectively connected with the baffle telescopic driving mechanism, the baffle moving driving mechanism, the camera and the solar panel.

Wherein, the light-transmitting hole can adopt a circular hole, a square hole or other vertically symmetrical holes, and the cross-sectional area of the light-transmitting hole is larger than the cross-section of the light-passing port of the laser collimator, and the cross-sectional area of the light-transmitting hole is larger than that of the laser collimator. The area of the cross-section of the tube’s light opening is sufficient to collect images of the maximum horizontal displacement and subsidence of the dam body (for example, if the laser aperture is 800MM and the detection device is 1000MM, then 1000-800=200MM is the possible large movement of the dam body area displacement distance), so that the laser passes through the light hole and shines on the laser intercepting reflective cross of the image detection device.

As shown in Figure 4, the controller includes an ultra-low power consumption single-chip microcomputer, a solar battery timing controller connected to the single-chip microcomputer, an OV7670 image sensor, an EEPROM memory chip, a data memory, a switch input circuit, a PWM pulse output circuit and a wireless The radio frequency chip, the OV7670 image sensor is connected to the camera, the switch value input circuit is connected to the limit switch, and the PWM pulse output circuit is respectively connected to the servo drive mechanism of the baffle telescopic drive mechanism and the baffle mobile drive mechanism through the digital-to-analog conversion circuit. The motors M1, M2, M3 and M4 are connected, and the single-chip microcomputer adopts the STM8L series single-chip microcomputer.

The process of using the detection device described in the utility model to detect the subsidence of the reservoir dam body and the horizontal displacement reference point is as follows:

1) Set the laser transmitter at one end of the dam body, so that the laser can shoot to the other end of the dam body;

2) Set a number of equally spaced reference points on the laser line, and set a reference point detection device at each reference point, the position of the laser intercepting reflective cross in the reference point detection device is not the same;

3) Carry out initial debugging, collect and save the initial laser image of each reference point detection device when the laser transmitter emits laser light;

4) Regularly collect real-time laser images of each reference point detection device;

5) Compare the real-time laser image with the initial laser image to determine whether the dam has horizontal displacement and/or subsidence;

6) Send the monitoring results of the datum point of the dam body to the host computer in real time according to the command.

As a specific implementation, the specific process of step 5) in the above method is: compare the real-time laser image with the initial laser image, if the position of the laser intercepted reflective cross in the real-time laser image is compared with the position of the laser intercepted reflective cross in the initial laser image If the position of the cross moves left and right, it is determined that the dam body has experienced horizontal displacement; if the position of the laser intercepted reflective cross in the real-time laser image is compared with the position of the laser intercepted reflective cross in the initial laser image, it is determined that the dam has subsidence; The position of the laser intercepted reflective cross in the laser image is compared with the position of the laser intercepted reflective cross in the initial laser image. If the position of the laser intercepted reflective cross moves horizontally and up and down at the same time, it is determined that the dam has horizontal displacement and subsidence; if the position of the laser intercepted reflective cross in the real-time laser image is compared with the initial If the position of the laser intercepting reflective cross in the laser image matches, it can be determined that the dam body has not experienced horizontal displacement and subsidence.

Since the dam body of the reservoir should not be damaged as far as possible to place the cables, the solar battery is used for power supply. . The reference point detection device needs to be protected by a shell, so that there are two light transmission holes on both sides of the entire reference point detection device. In order to prevent rainwater and dust from polluting the laser intercepting light-emitting cross and camera, a baffle mechanism is designed to block the light transmission holes. , the shape of the light-transmitting hole can be designed as a square, a circle or other up-and-down symmetrical shapes, and the corresponding shape of the baffle plate of the baffle plate mechanism is also the same. There are four baffle plates, two of which form a group. When working, the motor controls the horizontal mechanism to shrink, and after shrinking, the motor controls the vertical mechanism to swing up and down to let out the laser path. After the work is completed, the motor controls the action mechanism in the opposite direction to block the laser hole. To achieve high-precision control, a proximity switch can be added at the end of the stroke of the horizontal and vertical mechanisms. The camera adopts a one-dimensional camera, and the camera is installed on the front side of the laser path to collect images of the laser intercepting reflector. The reference point detection device uses a low-power STM8L embedded microcontroller as the control core to realize a series of controls for automatic measurement.

Light cannot be seen in space, but it will absorb, reflect, refract, scatter and diffract when encountering an object. Using this principle, an obstacle can be set at the place where the laser needs to be visible, showing horizontal and vertical deflection at the same time. properties of the move. The best obstacle is a "cross" or other that can present two-dimensional intersecting images: "Wang", "Tian" and so on. The frame can be a smooth and bright conductor, and can be made of metal, plastic, translucent, transparent glass, etc., and the process is mainly based on fineness and obvious imaging. The two sides of the "ten" in the illustration in this application are parallel to the middle are two support frames for fixing the "ten", which are used for support purposes and not as signs of image acquisition.

The dam body of the reservoir is long, and one detection point cannot reflect the deformation of the dam body. Several reference points should be selected for detection, so multiple (10 for the time being) crosses with different paths parallel to each other are designed for detection. Depending on the selected reference point, the subsidence and horizontal displacement of each reference point can be detected by adjusting the position of the cross. The light beam of the laser passing through the intercepting reflector is damaged, and the emission intensity is greatly reduced. But as long as the positions of the crosses of each reference point are different, they will not affect each other.

The controller of the fiducial point detection device selects the STMicroelectronics (STMicroelectronics) high-performance 8-bit architecture ultra-low power 8-bit microcontroller STM8L series, which is characterized by saving operating and standby power consumption. Low-power embedded non-volatile memory and multiple power management modes are innovative features of the STM8L series. Power management modes include 5.4μA low-power operation mode, 3.3μA low-power standby mode, 1μA active stop mode (real-time clock operation) and 350nA stop mode. Various modes make the STM8L series suitable for energy-saving environmental protection requirements and battery life cycle higher areas. The controller starts the wireless module in 3~5 seconds to obtain commands. If it gets the detection command from the host computer, it enters the working mode, supplies power to all devices, and opens the baffle of the laser through hole through the horizontal and vertical motors and the control mechanism. , take pictures immediately after receiving the shooting order, close the laser through hole at the same time, carry out image processing, get the image of "ten", carry out the calculation of subsidence and horizontal displacement, and upload it to the host computer according to the agreement. The detection process is complete.

The specific implementation process of the utility model is as follows: first, a reference point detection device is installed according to the requirements (generally about 100 meters), and the positions of the crosses inside each reference point detection device are different. After the installation is complete, perform initial debugging. The initial laser image of each reference point detection device is collected synchronously through the control of the centralized controller, and the symbolic value of the image is stored in the EEPROM. During the detection process, the reference point detection device wakes up every 5 seconds to obtain the command. Once the command is obtained, it enters the working mode and waits for the shutter to be opened for the shooting command. After the detection work is completed, the reference point detection device transmits the subsidence and horizontal displacement values to the host computer. The working mode and working conditions of the reference point detection device are determined by the host computer.

In addition, the scope of application of the present invention is not limited to the process, mechanism, manufacture, material composition, means, method and steps of the specific embodiments described in the specification. From the disclosure content of the present utility model, those of ordinary skill in the art will easily understand, for the process, mechanism, manufacture, material composition, means, method or steps that currently exist or will be developed in the future, where they perform the same as the present invention Corresponding embodiments described in the utility model have substantially the same function or obtain substantially the same result, and they can be applied according to the utility model. Therefore, the appended claims of the present utility model are intended to include these processes, mechanisms, manufacture, material compositions, means, methods or steps within their protection scope.

Claims (5)

1. The reservoir dam subsidence and horizontal displacement reference point detection device is characterized in that it includes a housing, an image detection device, a baffle mechanism, a camera, a controller and a solar panel, and the housing is a rectangular parallelepiped housing. The corresponding two sides of the casing are respectively provided with light-transmitting holes, the image detection device is arranged between the two light-transmitting holes in the casing, and a baffle mechanism is respectively provided between the two light-transmitting holes and the image detection device, The camera is arranged on the inner side of the side wall of the image detection device parallel to the laser path, the controller is arranged in the casing, and the solar cell panel is arranged on the top of the casing; The image detection device includes a frame of the image detection device and a laser intercepting reflective cross, the frame of the image detecting device is provided with slots distributed in parallel at equal intervals, the laser intercepting reflective cross is arranged in the slot of the frame of the image detecting device, and the laser The plane where the reflective cross is intercepted is parallel to the laser path; The baffle mechanism includes two baffles, a baffle telescopic drive mechanism and a baffle mobile drive mechanism, the two baffles are connected through a baffle telescopic drive mechanism, the baffle mobile drive mechanism and the baffle telescopic drive mechanism connected, the end of the travel of the baffle telescopic drive mechanism and the baffle mobile drive mechanism is provided with a limit switch connected to the controller; The controller is respectively connected with the baffle telescopic driving mechanism, the baffle moving driving mechanism, the camera and the solar panel. 2. The reservoir dam subsidence and horizontal displacement reference point detection device according to claim 1, wherein the controller includes an ultra-low power consumption single-chip microcomputer and a solar battery timing controller and an OV7670 image sensor connected to the single-chip microcomputer respectively , EEPROM storage chip, data memory, switching value input circuit and PWM pulse output circuit, the OV7670 image sensor is connected to the camera, the switching value input circuit is connected to the limit switch, and the PWM pulse output circuit passes through the digital-to-analog conversion circuit They are respectively connected with the servo motors of the baffle telescopic driving mechanism and the baffle moving driving mechanism. 3. The reservoir dam body subsidence and horizontal displacement reference point detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that, said single-chip microcomputer adopts STM8L series single-chip microcomputer. 4. The reservoir dam subsidence and horizontal displacement reference point detection device according to claim 2, characterized in that the controller further includes a radio frequency chip, and the radio frequency chip is connected to a single-chip microcomputer. 5. The reservoir dam subsidence and horizontal displacement reference point detection device according to any one of claims 1-4, characterized in that the light-transmitting hole is a circular hole or a square hole.