CN203744915U - System for monitoring dam body - Google Patents
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- CN203744915U CN203744915U CN201320454280.4U CN201320454280U CN203744915U CN 203744915 U CN203744915 U CN 203744915U CN 201320454280 U CN201320454280 U CN 201320454280U CN 203744915 U CN203744915 U CN 203744915U
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- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 title claims description 59
- 238000006073 displacement reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 73
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- 230000007774 longterm Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004044 response Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004062 sedimentation Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
一种能测量出大坝外部、内部每个测试点的大地坐标点，从而建立完整的描述出大坝WGS84坐标系的三维坐标的系统。该系统包括：安装在坝体表面的北斗/GPS双频双系统测量部件，以及安装在坝体内部外部的传感器组；并将以上两项测量数据进行关联计算，推导出大坝外部、内部每一个测试点的坐标点，形成多组大坝测量数据，从而描述出大坝的三维数组；在大坝上安装若干个上述测量系统，可对大坝的变形和位移进行整体监测。
A system that can measure the geodetic coordinates of each test point outside and inside the dam, so as to establish a complete three-dimensional coordinate system that describes the WGS84 coordinate system of the dam. The system includes: Beidou/GPS dual-frequency dual-system measurement components installed on the surface of the dam body, and sensor groups installed inside and outside the dam body; and the above two measurement data are correlated and calculated to deduce the external and internal parameters of the dam. The coordinate points of a test point form multiple sets of dam measurement data, thus describing the three-dimensional array of the dam; installing several of the above-mentioned measurement systems on the dam can monitor the deformation and displacement of the dam as a whole.
Description
Technical field
The application relates to a kind of novel dam deformation and displacement measuring technology field, particularly relates to a kind of dam entirety inside and outside displacement and deformation and measures and realize the monitoring device that dam inside and outside deformation displacement entirety is coupled.
Background technology
The measuring technique of reservoir dam and measuring accuracy are the important means that ensures dam safety, high-level efficiency, high precision, round-the-clock, without the real-time metering system of distance limit, and work long hours under lowered in field environment, be the direction of existing water conservancy measuring technique development.
The Main Means of Measurement of Dam has now:
Use the dam monitoring equipment of sensor network consisting, use computer technology to carry out data acquisition to various sensors, also comprise sensor network and gateway node; Sensor network, gateway node and computer monitoring center are connected successively; Sensor network is made up of N sensor node, between sensor node, selects to form self-organizing network according to sensor node communication protocol and nodal pitch; According to the spacing of sensor node Energy Expenditure Levels and sensor node and gateway node, select a sensor node and gateway node wireless connections, form Sensor Network Measurement Technology.This technology can only be measured relative displacement, cannot monitor the overall absolute displacement of dam
Laser optical method, the method is, at the dam body basic point of dam, one collimation laser is set, each monolith of directive dam, at each monolith, a set of and fixing all-in-one-piece laser reflection device of monolith is installed, when measurement, hot spot departs from the frosted glass center in monitoring system, illustrate that monolith is offset, can measure the deflection of dam by mathematical model computing, to longer dam, consider the impact of laser facula size on measuring accuracy and scope, also sectional uses this system, whole system can also realize the self checking of laser alignment, ensure dam deformation automatic monitoring high-precision requirement.This monitoring mode is only applicable to horizontal displacement monitoring, perpendicular displacement monitoring, and monitoring device is easily subject to the interference of external environment simultaneously.
Using gps satellite location technology, is also the deformation that can accurately measure dam, according to GPS difference measurement technology, horizontal survey precision reaches 2mm, vertical survey precision can reach 5mm, meet dam body and measure requirement, but this kind of metering system can only be measured dam body surface deformation.
Summary of the invention
Technical problems to be solved in this application are to provide a kind of dam entirety inside and outside distortion and displacement measurement, and dam internal displacement, dimensional deformation data can be carried out to associated monitoring device with the absolute position data of overall dam, solved in existing various dam measuring technique, exist cannot reflect dam deformation overall picture and the problem of merely carrying out safety of dam assessment by inside or the external data of dam.
The deformation of dam body normally produces under the effect of external force and internal force, in the time that deformation is larger, just likely causes dam body fracture.Stress-strain relation before and after dam fracture meets the process from elastic deformation to plastic deformation substantially, so the safety of Measurement accuracy and anticipation dam must Real-Time Monitoring dam outside and inner distortion and displacement situation.
The application solves the technical scheme that its technical matters adopts: a kind of dam monitoring system is provided, it is characterized in that: mainly comprise that the distortion of integral dam inside and outside carries out associated DTU (Data Transfer unit) with the measurement mechanism of displacement, the measurement mechanism of absolute displacement and the absolute displacement data on the integral dam inside and outside distortion that above-mentioned two parts measurement mechanism is obtained and displacement data and the relative ground of dam body on the relative ground of dam body;
Wherein the distortion of dam entirety inside and outside comprises with the measurement mechanism of displacement:
Dimensional deformation monitoring device, it is used for realizing the displacement measurement to dam body surface monitoring point;
Internal modification monitoring device, it is used for realizing the relative deformation of dam body inside is measured;
Described internal modification monitoring device comprises dam body deviational survey hole and is arranged on the tiltmeter in deviational survey hole, and it is used for determining the coordinate points based on WGS84 coordinate system of the inner each monitoring point of dam body;
The measurement mechanism of the absolute displacement on the relative ground of described dam body adopts the Big Dipper/GPS equipment, and it can obtain the absolute displacement on the relative ground of each point, dam body surface;
The correlation displacement data that described DTU (Data Transfer unit) is the measurement point that will obtain by said external deformation monitoring device, internal modification monitoring device and the Big Dipper/GPS equipment, application network data processing and simultaneous adjustment algorithm, form the absolute deformation value in WGS84 coordinate system of dam inside, outside each measurement point, thereby be configured to dam bulk deformation data structure.
Described dimensional deformation monitoring device comprises:
Horizontal displacement monitoring device, mainly applies tensile-line instrument;
Perpendicular displacement monitoring device, mainly applies sedimentometer or plumb line coordinator.
Described internal modification monitoring device comprises: thermometer, hygrometer, pressure gauge, stationary slope level, portable tiltmeter, soil body sedimentometer, laminated settlement meter, the sensor array of multiple spot sedimentometer composition.
The described Big Dipper/GPS equipment real-time accuracy is up to the standard, and measuring accuracy is less than 1mm, vertical survey precision is less than 2mm.
This monitoring system also comprises embedded computer parts, and lightning protection, power supply unit, casing are as the auxiliary unit of described monitoring system.The working method of above-mentioned monitoring system is: the absolute displacement that first goes out monitoring point, dam deformation district by the Big Dipper/GPS device measuring, and (coordinate demonstration meets GB relevant regulations to be converted into earth coordinates, support coordinate transformation function, WGS84 coordinate system, CGS2000 coordinate system, Beijing 54 Coordinate System, and there are various coordinate system translation functions); Measure the relative deformation of dam body inside and outside and displacement by the distortion of integral dam inside and outside and the measurement mechanism of displacement again; Finally, by associated the measurement data combination of first two steps, earth coordinates are imported to dam body inside, determine the terrestrial coordinate point of the inner each monitoring point of large dam body by underground system for monitoring displacement, so just formed the dam body mathematical model of 3D geography information.
The application's beneficial effect is: existing dam measuring technique scheme; dam surface displacement is measured with dam body internal measurement and do not carried out overall fusion; application different measuring technology; can measure respectively dam, but exist huge risk hidden danger, as: dam body surface does not deform; but there is integrated moving in dam body inside; all can there is the phenomenon that do not exceed standard in two class sensors, will cause the generation of disaster, and now single-measurement technology could not present dam body crisis omen.And employing the application's technical scheme, diverse location measuring technique is fused together, form overall measurement mechanism, the relevant position of the measurement point by different measuring device, application network data processing and simultaneous adjustment algorithm, form the absolute deformation of the coordinate system relative to the earth of dam inside, outside each point, makes monitoring system form overall data structure to dam, and can pass through 3D digitizing geographical information technology, the simulation deformation of this dam is showed to observer.And be aided with integrated seepage flow and uplift pressure monitoring sensor, temperature sensor, level sensor etc., and can analyze anticipation to the safety of dam, guarantee the safety of reservoir dam.Thereby having solved the bulk deformation monitoring problem of reservoir dam, improved the safety coefficient of dam, reduced the manpower problem that wastes time and energy of bringing of patrolling, is the new way of dam monitoring.Can accurately measure the deformation displacement situation of dam surface and inner any one position, Measurement accuracy with calculate dam surface and inner absolute displacement, and can predict dam deformation trend.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is monitoring system composition diagram;
Fig. 2 is the Big Dipper/GPS dam body surface deformation measurement figure;
Fig. 3 is underground displacement monitoring contrast schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is the inside and outside distortion of dam entirety and displacement monitor combination associated diagram
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, present techniques scheme is elaborated.Should be understood that these embodiment are only not used in and limit the scope of the invention for the present invention is described.In addition should be understood that those skilled in the art can make various changes or modifications the present invention after having read the content of the present invention's instruction, these equivalent form of values fall into the application's claims limited range equally.
The application's embodiment relates to a kind of dam monitoring system, mainly comprise measurement mechanism, the relative ground of dam body of integral dam inside and outside distortion and displacement absolute displacement measurement mechanism and the absolute displacement on the inside and outside distortion of above-mentioned integral dam and displacement and the relative ground of dam body is carried out to associated DTU (Data Transfer unit).Wherein the distortion of dam entirety inside and outside comprises with the measurement mechanism of displacement: dimensional deformation monitoring device and internal modification monitoring device, internal modification monitoring device adopts multiple variety classeses to be embedded in the sensor of dam body inside, relative position measurement is carried out in dam body inside, dimensional deformation monitoring device uses surface local sensor, and focus measurement is carried out in representative monitoring point, dam body surface; The device of measuring the absolute displacement on the relative ground of dam body adopts the Big Dipper/GPS equipment, and this equipment application differential technique, can reach millimetre-sized measuring accuracy, and Real-Time Monitoring is carried out in the horizontal shift to dam body surface and perpendicular displacement; DTU (Data Transfer unit) is that the data of dissimilar sensor that acquisition monitoring unit is read are carried out association process, the coordinate of the dam difference that data processing unit provides by the Big Dipper/GPS equipment, calculate each deformation displacement in WGS84 coordinate system in dam body by the tiltmeter data shown in Fig. 3 again, according to the data accumulation of different time, draw dam global displacement situation thereby be configured to dam bulk deformation data structure.
Described dimensional deformation monitoring device comprises: horizontal displacement monitoring device, mainly adopts tensile-line instrument; Perpendicular displacement monitoring device, mainly adopts sedimentometer or plumb line coordinator.
Described internal modification monitoring device comprises: thermometer, hygrometer, pressure gauge, stationary slope level, portable tiltmeter, soil body sedimentometer, laminated settlement meter, the sensor array of the sensor compositions such as multiple spot sedimentometer, here be appreciated that internal modification monitoring device is the concept of a broad sense, comprise the device of measuring the inner various parameters to be measured of dam body.
The described Big Dipper/GPS equipment real-time accuracy is up to the standard, and measuring accuracy is less than 1mm, vertical survey precision is less than 2mm.
Described system also comprises the auxiliary units such as embedded computer parts and lightning protection, power supply unit, casing.
Fig. 1 is monitoring system composition diagram; Dam monitoring system mainly comprises: 1, use the Big Dipper and GPS combination, Absolute position measurement is carried out in dam body surface, can obtain the absolute displacement of dam body surface monitoring point; 2, multiple sensors that are embedded in dam body inside, carry out relative position measurement to the distortion of dam body internal-response and each parameter of displacement; 3, surface local sensor, carries out focus measurement to dam surface ad-hoc location, draws relative position distortion.This three part has formed the measurement core of this device.
Front end monitoring equipment mainly carries out relative position measurement by dimensional deformation monitoring device and internal modification monitoring device two parts: dimensional deformation monitoring instrument, comprising: horizontal displacement monitoring, mainly apply tensile-line instrument; Perpendicular displacement monitoring, mainly applies sedimentometer or plumb line coordinator.Internal modification equipment, comprising: thermometer, hygrometer, pressure gauge, stationary slope level, portable tiltmeter, soil body sedimentometer, laminated settlement meter, the sensor array of the sensor compositions such as multiple spot sedimentometer.And adopt the Big Dipper/GPS equipment to be used for measuring dam body absolute displacement.
Fig. 2 is the Big Dipper/GPS dam body surface deformation measurement figure.In Fig. 2,1 for being arranged on the Big Dipper/GPS base station of stable region; 2 and 3 for being arranged on the monitoring point in dam deformation district.The Big Dipper/GPS application differential technique, measuring accuracy reaches grade.Be used for monitoring level and the vertical displacement on dam body surface, it is that horizontal survey precision is less than 1mm, vertical survey precision is less than 2mm that the Big Dipper/gps system of employing is measured Static positioning accuracy.
For the monitoring of the displacement of dam body surface level and sedimentation deformation, adopt the Big Dipper/GPS DEFORMATION MONITORING SYSTEM ideal.Dam body change in displacement is very slowly at short notice, will be by the overall microdeformation amount of observation, structure Statistic analysis models, the variation tendency that prediction of distortion body is long-term, need to obtain monitoring point high precision position coordinate data, conventionally require the observation data of monitoring point to reach millimetre-sized precision, this is also the critical problem that the Big Dipper/GPS location technology can be applied to deformation observation.The total powerstation that general observation is used can not be operated in sleety weather because its inner electrical equipment, optical characteristics make it, also cannot complete at night measurement operation, the Big Dipper/GPS technology is because the feature of its all weather operations not only can replace traditional measurement operating type, and the Big Dipper/gps signal can be transferred to control center, realize datamation transmission, management and analyzing and processing.
Fig. 3 is underground displacement monitoring contrast schematic diagram.In Fig. 3, left side represents the normal condition after installation, and right side represents the state after dam inside is subjected to displacement.Employing is installed the fixing tiltmeter of twin shaft and is measured ground bottom offset in deviational survey hole, and there is high precision, good stability, be suitable for the features such as lower monitoring chronically, be the selection for underground displacement monitoring optimum at present.Wherein the important technological parameters of the fixing tiltmeter of twin shaft is:
The number of axle: 2
Angle range: ± 12.5 °
Angle precision: 0.55%F.S
Displacement accuracy: ± 2mm
Temperature compensation: inner 0.1 DEG C/mV temperature sensor
Fig. 4 is the inside and outside distortion of dam entirety and displacement monitor combination associated diagram.In Fig. 4,4 is the Big Dipper/GPS displacement measurement parts, and 5 is inclinometer, and 6 is other internal sensor combinations.By dimensional deformation monitoring instrument, the association of internal modification equipment is buried to put and is formed a whole set of dam measurement mechanism.
The working method of above-mentioned monitoring system is: the absolute displacement that first goes out monitoring point, dam deformation district by the Big Dipper/GPS device measuring, and (coordinate demonstration meets GB relevant regulations to be converted into WGS84 coordinate system, support coordinate transformation function, WGS84 coordinate system, CGS2000 coordinate system, Beijing 54 Coordinate System, and there are various coordinate system translation functions); Measure distortion and the displacement of dam body inside and outside with respect to the Big Dipper/GPS measurement point by the distortion of integral dam inside and outside and the measurement mechanism of displacement again; Then the measurement data combination coulometer of first two steps is calculated, WGS84 coordinate system is imported to dam body inside, determine the WGS84 coordinate points of the inner each monitoring point of large dam body by underground system for monitoring displacement, so just formed the dam body mathematical model of 3D geography information, this mathematical model can real-time characterization integral dam deformation displacement situation; Last according to sensors such as subsidiary temperature of installing, pressure, humidity, rainfall, by data analysis, the dangerous situation of measurable dam, reaches the monitoring of native system to reservoir dam dam body and the object of prediction dam deformation trend.
This entire system principle of work is the related data that acquisition monitoring unit 4 reads dissimilar sensor in turn, and by data upload obtained above to data processing unit.Data processing unit provides the coordinate of dam difference by the Big Dipper/GPS equipment, then calculates the terrestrial coordinate position of each point in dam body by tiltmeter, according to the data accumulation of different time, draws dam displacement situation.
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Cited By (19)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104318614A (en) * | 2014-10-28 | 2015-01-28 | 北京中水科信息技术有限公司 | Construction monitoring method and system based on three-dimensional simulation |
| CN104390625A (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2015-03-04 | 国家电网公司 | Exterior three-dimensional deformation monitoring method of street power station |
| CN105300560A (en) * | 2015-10-19 | 2016-02-03 | 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Reservoir dam water inlet water temperature observation system |
| CN105841653A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2016-08-10 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Method of measuring dam body horizontal displacement |
| CN106679559A (en) * | 2017-02-20 | 2017-05-17 | 水利部南京水利水文自动化研究所 | Actual measurement device and method of ultrahigh earth-rock dam internal 3D deformation |
| CN109141247A (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2019-01-04 | 安徽康能电气有限公司 | Geology deformation monitoring device based on Beidou high accuracy positioning |
| CN109539970A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-29 | 南昌大学 | A kind of Tailings Dam Dam Deformation Monitoring system |
| CN110118577A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-08-13 | 南昌大学 | A kind of downstream Tailings Dam dam inside ess-strain comprehensive monitor system |
| CN110210154A (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2019-09-06 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | The method of measuring point characterization dam performance similarity is judged using dam safety monitoring measuring point data |
| CN110864662A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-03-06 | 武汉大学 | Monitoring method for deformation of high rockfill dam |
| CN110986751A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-04-10 | 深圳市交通工程试验检测中心有限公司 | Beidou and GNSS deformation monitoring method |
| CN111141205A (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2020-05-12 | 南通四建集团有限公司 | Building deformation monitoring and early warning method and system based on Beidou/GNSS high-precision positioning |
| CN111735426A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-10-02 | 黑龙江建筑职业技术学院 | Road and bridge settlement deformation monitoring system and monitoring method thereof |
| CN111854719A (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2020-10-30 | 浙江工业大学 | An automatic inclinometer system |
| CN111947562A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-11-17 | 深圳大学 | Method for integrally monitoring internal and external deformation of rock-fill dam |
| CN112240738A (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-01-19 | 厦门星环科技有限公司 | Dam deformation early warning system based on big dipper + GPS |
| CN112964191A (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2021-06-15 | 四川合众精准科技有限公司 | Micro-deformation laser collimation measurement method |
| CN115435673A (en) * | 2022-06-06 | 2022-12-06 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Rock-soil measuring device and rock-soil measuring method |
| CN116086306A (en) * | 2023-04-13 | 2023-05-09 | 中国铁塔股份有限公司 | Method, device and equipment for generating monitoring information of dam body and readable storage medium |
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2013
- 2013-07-29 CN CN201320454280.4U patent/CN203744915U/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (27)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104318614A (en) * | 2014-10-28 | 2015-01-28 | 北京中水科信息技术有限公司 | Construction monitoring method and system based on three-dimensional simulation |
| CN104318614B (en) * | 2014-10-28 | 2017-09-15 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | The method and system of construction monitoring based on three-dimensional artificial |
| CN104390625A (en) * | 2014-11-24 | 2015-03-04 | 国家电网公司 | Exterior three-dimensional deformation monitoring method of street power station |
| CN105300560A (en) * | 2015-10-19 | 2016-02-03 | 中国电建集团贵阳勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Reservoir dam water inlet water temperature observation system |
| CN105841653A (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2016-08-10 | 中国水利水电科学研究院 | Method of measuring dam body horizontal displacement |
| CN106679559A (en) * | 2017-02-20 | 2017-05-17 | 水利部南京水利水文自动化研究所 | Actual measurement device and method of ultrahigh earth-rock dam internal 3D deformation |
| CN106679559B (en) * | 2017-02-20 | 2022-05-20 | 水利部南京水利水文自动化研究所 | Device and method for actually measuring three-dimensional deformation of interior of ultrahigh earth-rock dam |
| CN109141247A (en) * | 2018-07-24 | 2019-01-04 | 安徽康能电气有限公司 | Geology deformation monitoring device based on Beidou high accuracy positioning |
| CN109539970A (en) * | 2018-12-29 | 2019-03-29 | 南昌大学 | A kind of Tailings Dam Dam Deformation Monitoring system |
| CN110118577A (en) * | 2019-03-29 | 2019-08-13 | 南昌大学 | A kind of downstream Tailings Dam dam inside ess-strain comprehensive monitor system |
| CN110210154A (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2019-09-06 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | The method of measuring point characterization dam performance similarity is judged using dam safety monitoring measuring point data |
| CN110210154B (en) * | 2019-06-10 | 2022-11-22 | 水利部交通运输部国家能源局南京水利科学研究院 | Method for judging similarity of measuring points representing dam performance state by using dam measuring point data |
| CN110864662A (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-03-06 | 武汉大学 | Monitoring method for deformation of high rockfill dam |
| CN110864662B (en) * | 2019-11-28 | 2020-12-01 | 武汉大学 | Monitoring method for deformation of high rockfill dam |
| CN110986751A (en) * | 2019-12-24 | 2020-04-10 | 深圳市交通工程试验检测中心有限公司 | Beidou and GNSS deformation monitoring method |
| CN111141205A (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2020-05-12 | 南通四建集团有限公司 | Building deformation monitoring and early warning method and system based on Beidou/GNSS high-precision positioning |
| CN111141205B (en) * | 2020-01-08 | 2021-12-21 | 南通四建集团有限公司 | Building deformation monitoring and early warning method and system based on Beidou/GNSS high-precision positioning |
| CN111735426B (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2022-07-15 | 黑龙江建筑职业技术学院 | Road and bridge settlement deformation monitoring system and monitoring method thereof |
| CN111735426A (en) * | 2020-05-29 | 2020-10-02 | 黑龙江建筑职业技术学院 | Road and bridge settlement deformation monitoring system and monitoring method thereof |
| CN111947562A (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2020-11-17 | 深圳大学 | Method for integrally monitoring internal and external deformation of rock-fill dam |
| CN111947562B (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2021-05-04 | 深圳大学 | An integrated monitoring method for internal and external deformation of rockfill dam |
| WO2022001104A1 (en) * | 2020-06-30 | 2022-01-06 | 深圳大学 | Integrated monitoring method for internal and external deformation of rock-fill dam |
| CN111854719A (en) * | 2020-07-14 | 2020-10-30 | 浙江工业大学 | An automatic inclinometer system |
| CN112240738A (en) * | 2020-10-15 | 2021-01-19 | 厦门星环科技有限公司 | Dam deformation early warning system based on big dipper + GPS |
| CN112964191A (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2021-06-15 | 四川合众精准科技有限公司 | Micro-deformation laser collimation measurement method |
| CN115435673A (en) * | 2022-06-06 | 2022-12-06 | 中国科学院武汉岩土力学研究所 | Rock-soil measuring device and rock-soil measuring method |
| CN116086306A (en) * | 2023-04-13 | 2023-05-09 | 中国铁塔股份有限公司 | Method, device and equipment for generating monitoring information of dam body and readable storage medium |
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