CN203999818U - A kind of laser wide-band cladding inner-light powder-supplying device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a laser broadband cladding optical inner powder feeding device, which comprises a protective air jacket, which is divided into a rectangular powder separating section at the rear and a trapezoidal rectifying section at the front. A positioning powder separator is installed in the center of the powder separating section, and two protective gas pipes are arranged in parallel on both sides of the positioning powder separator in the powder separating section, and the outlet end of the protective gas pipe is connected with the rectifying section. The end of the positioning powder separator is provided with several powder separating pipes, the several powder separating pipes are parallel to each other and run through the rectifying section, a rectifying sleeve is set on the outside of all powder separating pipes, the positioning powder separating device The interior is a dendritic, one-to-n powder distribution channel composed of powder distribution pipes and joints. The utility model prevents the powder beam from interfering with the light beam prematurely during the falling process, the light beam reflection loss is small, the powder utilization rate is high, the round-trip scanning and forming can be realized, the melting channel structure is uniform, and the overlapping quality is good.

Description

A laser broadband cladding optical internal powder feeding device

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of laser cladding processing, in particular to a laser broadband cladding optical powder feeding device and a powder feeding method.

Background technique

Laser cladding, which uses high-energy laser beams to melt metal materials and create metallurgical bonds with base materials, is widely used for surface strengthening, repairing and modification of materials. For some large workpieces, such as the surface of large shaft parts, large-area plane laser cladding, etc., using a broadband laser to scan a large area at one time can greatly improve the cladding efficiency and improve the cladding efficiency due to the reduction of the number of laps. cladding quality.

The existing laser broadband cladding method is as follows: a solid broadband laser beam is irradiated on the surface to be processed to form a molten pool, and the same narrow and long powder beam is simultaneously sent into the molten pool from one or both sides of the beam. When the scanning direction of this one-sided powder feeding method is reversed, the orientation of the powder beam relative to the laser beam is also reversed, so it is not conducive to the round-trip scanning and forming. Due to the symmetry of the powder beam on both sides, the direction of the laser beam remains unchanged regardless of the forward and backward scanning, eliminating the directional influence of the round-trip scanning and forming. The above two schemes are to feed the powder obliquely from the outside of the laser beam, and their disadvantages are:

(1) The powder beam is obliquely fed into the beam from the outside of the laser beam. The powder beam interferes with the laser beam in the air before falling into the spot, resulting in absorption and diffuse reflection, which weakens the light intensity of the spot on the processing surface. The smoothness of the melting channel is not good, and the internal defects increase.

(2) Powders of different particle sizes and shapes are affected by fluctuations in parameters such as fluidity, powder feeding volume, and uniformity in each powder tube. Under the influence of loading pressure, gravity, etc., plus the effect of protective gas and light pressure, the powder particles fall in a parabolic shape, and the inertia, trajectory and landing point of each powder particle will be inconsistent, which will cause the particle drop area to become larger and fluctuate. For the double-sided distribution scheme, the positions of the powder beams, the error of the average powder amount, the uniformity and symmetry of the spraying force are not consistent, and the convergence accuracy is difficult to stabilize. During the movement of powder particles, some powder particles fall into the light spot, but the density distribution after entering the beam is uneven; It is connected to the melting channel next to the molten pool, causing a lot of waste of powder and environmental pollution.

(3) In the existing broadband cladding method, the energy of the spot is generally uniformly distributed, and the heat dissipation is faster on both sides of the melting channel during forming, resulting in insufficient energy here, resulting in poor boundary fusion, and affecting the quality of the melting channel lap.

The patent (ZL200610116413.1) discloses a laser light internal powder feeding cladding method, which changes the circular solid laser beam generated by the laser into a hollow conical focused beam, and the powder feeding tube is installed in the hollow part of the laser beam, realizing The single powder pipe feeds powder vertically and forwardly. The patent (ZL201310300229.2) discloses a laser broadband optical internal powder-feeding cladding method, which realizes a solution for powder-feeding cladding inside a hollow broadband laser beam. In-light powder feeding technology is a relatively advanced powder supply method in laser cladding forming. The powder feeding device is located at the laser cladding head, surrounded by laser beams, and sprays metal cladding powder into the laser molten pool. However, the utility model provides a powder feeding device for laser broadband cladding laser powder feeding.

Utility model content

Aiming at the above-mentioned deficiencies in the prior art, the utility model solves the problem of providing a powder feeding device for intra-optical powder feeding in laser broadband cladding.

A laser broadband cladding optical internal powder feeding device, including a protective gas jacket, the protective gas jacket is divided into a rectangular powder separation section at the rear and a trapezoidal rectification section at the front. A positioning powder separator is installed in the center, and two protective gas pipes are arranged in parallel on both sides of the positioning powder separator in the powder separating section. The outlet end of the protective gas pipe is connected with the rectifying section, and the positioning powder The end of the device is provided with a number of powder distribution tubes, the several powder distribution tubes are parallel to each other and run through the rectification section, a rectifying sleeve is set on the outside of all powder distribution tubes, and the inside of the positioning powder distribution device is controlled by the powder distribution device. A dendritic, one-to-n powder distribution channel composed of pipes and joints.

Preferably, the n is an integer of 2 or more.

Preferably, when n≥4, a multi-stage powder separation method is adopted.

Preferably, the positioning powder separator is connected to a powder feeding machine through a powder feeding pipe.

Preferably, the end of the powder distribution pipe points to the molten pool of laser cladding.

Preferably, a knob for adjusting the powder output is provided at the inlet end of each of the powder distribution pipes.

Preferably, the processing holes left by the positioning powder separator during drilling are blocked by screws.

Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

(1) The laser broadband cladding light internal powder feeding device provided by the utility model, when used, the powder beam will not interfere with the beam prematurely during the falling process, and the beam reflection loss is small;

(2) The incident light of the powder is accurate, straight, fine and straight, evenly distributed, with small diffusion and high utilization rate;

(3) The coupling precision of the powder and the laser beam is high, and it can realize round-trip scanning and forming, with uniform melt channel structure and good lap joint quality.

Description of drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the utility model, the following will briefly introduce the accompanying drawings that need to be used in the embodiments. Obviously, the accompanying drawings in the following description are only some implementations recorded in the utility model For example, those of ordinary skill in the art can also obtain other drawings based on these drawings on the premise of not paying creative efforts.

Figure 1 is a schematic front view of the overall structure of the optical internal powder feeding device of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic side view of the overall structure of the optical internal powder feeding device of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic top view of the overall structure of the optical internal powder feeding device of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a side view of a preferred embodiment of the optical internal powder feeding device of the present invention;

Figure 5-1 is a schematic structural view of a preferred embodiment of the protective gas jacket in the present invention;

Figure 5-2 is a schematic front view of the structure of the second embodiment of the protective air jacket in the present invention;

Fig. 5-3 is the schematic side view of the structure of the second embodiment of the protective air jacket in the utility model;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a preferred embodiment of the positioning powder separator in the utility model;

Figures 7-1, 7-2, and 7-3 are schematic diagrams of the powder separation scheme of the optical internal powder feeding device of the present invention;

Figures 8-1 and 8-2 are schematic diagrams of the utility model for uniform powder feeding by the optical inner powder feeding device;

Figures 9-1 and 9-2 are perspective views of the external structure of the preferred embodiment of the optical internal powder feeding device of the present invention.

in:

1. Protective air jacket; 1-1. Powder separation section; 1-2. Rectification section;

2. Positioning powder separator; 3. Fairing sleeve; 4-1&4-2, protective air pipe;

5. Powder feeding pipe; 6-1～6-5, screw; 7. Knob; 8. Powder distribution pipe;

9. Powder beams; 10. Powder spots.

Detailed ways

The technical solutions of the present utility model will be clearly and completely described through specific embodiments below. Apparently, the described embodiments are only some of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of them. Based on the embodiments of the present utility model, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the scope of protection of the present utility model.

The utility model discloses a laser broadband cladding optical inner powder feeding device, the optical inner powder feeding device comprises a protective gas jacket 1, and the protective gas jacket 1 is divided into rectangular parts located in the rear part of the protective gas jacket 1. The powder section 1-1 and the ladder-shaped rectifying section 1-2 located at the front part of the protective air jacket 1. A positioning powder separator 2 is installed in the center of the powder dividing section 1-1, and two protective gas pipes 4-1 and 4- 2. The outlet ends of the protective gas pipes 4-1 and 4-2 are connected to the rectifying section 1-2, and the end of the positioning powder separator 2 is provided with several powder distribution pipes 8, and the several powder distribution pipes The pipes 8 are parallel to each other and run through the rectification section 1-2, and a rectification sleeve 3 is sleeved on the outside of all the powder distribution pipes 8 .

Wherein, the positioning powder separator 2 is connected to the powder feeding machine through the powder feeding pipe 5, and the end of the powder feeding pipe 8 points to the molten pool of laser cladding.

As shown in Figure 5-1, the protective gas jacket 1 is used to install and position the powder separator 2. Two protective gas pipes 4-1 and 4-2 are installed on the protective gas jacket 1 according to the above method. Through the protective gas pipe 4-1 and 4-2 The input of protective gas makes the inner cavity of the protective gas jacket 1 change, and through the change of the inner cavity of the protective gas jacket 1, the rectification and compression of the protective gas is realized, and a rectangular ring-shaped protective gas curtain is sprayed from the outlet. The laser cladding powder sprayed out from the powder distribution pipe is shaped and compressed to achieve accurate, straight, fine, straight powder, uniform distribution and small divergence angle. As the second embodiment of the protective gas jacket, the design of the protective gas jacket lists another protective gas jacket structure as shown in Figure 5-2 and Figure 5-3, and Figure 5-2 shows the protective gas of this embodiment The front view of the cover, and Figure 5-3 is a side view of the protective gas cover of this embodiment. The protective gas delivery mode of the protective gas jacket shown in Figure 5-1 is left and right, that is, the two protective gas pipes are respectively located on the left and right sides of the positioning powder separator, and the protective gas jacket shown in Figure 5-2 and Figure 5-3 The protective gas delivery method is the front and rear direction, that is, the two protective gas pipes are respectively located on the upper and lower sides of the positioning powder separator. The above two embodiments of the protective air jackets have similar structures and the same functions, and also belong to the protection scope of the present utility model.

The utility model adopts a distribution method of one point n, and according to the fluid-solid coupling analysis, it can be known that when using gas as a carrier to transport powder, the powder will have a certain divergence angle at the outlet of the powder pipe. As shown in Figure 8-1, by using the divergence angle of the powder at the outlet of the powder tube, controlling the distance between the outlet powder tube and the diameter of the powder delivery tube, the powder beams 9 ejected from two adjacent powder delivery tubes can be handed over to each other , to achieve uniform delivery of cladding powder to the inside of the laser broadband cladding pool. Therefore, the inside of the above-mentioned positioning powder separator 2 is a dendritic, divided into n powder distribution channels formed by the powder distribution pipe and the joint, and n is an integer greater than or equal to 2. When n=2, the powder distribution scheme is shown in Figure 7-1, where a is divided into b1 and b2. Among them, a is the powder inlet, b and c are the powder outlets, and the following are the same. When n=3, the powder distribution scheme is shown in Figure 7-2, where a is divided into b1, b2 and b3. When n≥4, a multi-stage powder separation method can be used, for example: for one point n, when n is a multiple of 2, as shown in Figure 7-3, a is divided into b1 and b2, and then b1 is divided into C1, c2, and b2 are divided into c3 and c4. As long as the outlet pipeline is symmetrical with respect to the inlet pipeline, the powder volume at the outlet of each powder pipe can be guaranteed to be consistent. By adjusting the distance between the outlet powder pipes, different width broadband can be realized. Powder is conveyed inside the laser bath. For one point n, when n is an odd number, such as one point five, you can first one point two, and then two points five (one point two and one point three parallel) and so on, not enumerating all the situations of n one by one here. It should be noted that when one is divided into three, the size of the powder outlet pipe in the middle can be controlled to make it smaller than the diameter of the powder outlet pipes at both ends. Through calculation, simulation and other methods, the three powder outlet pipes can be realized. The powder output remains consistent.

The positioning powder separator 2 adopted in the preferred embodiment of the utility model is used to explain the powder feeding method of the utility model in detail by dividing the powder into four.

As shown in Fig. 6 and Fig. 7-3, the positioning powder separator 2 in the utility model realizes dividing the powder sent in by the powder feeding pipe 5 into two parts, two parts into four parts, and finally sending the powder through four parallel powder distribution pipes 8. Into the molten pool of laser cladding, under the action of shielding gas, since the powder beams sent through the four powder distribution pipes 8 will form three overlapping parts, so the final powder spot 10 is rectangular and long and wide. , uniform thickness, can accurately feed powder to the molten pool of rectangular laser cladding, the powder beam 9 will not interfere with the beam prematurely during the falling process, and the beam reflection loss is small: the powder incident light is accurate, straight, thin, Stiff, uniform distribution, small diffusion, high utilization rate; high coupling precision of powder and laser beam, can realize round-trip scanning forming, uniform melt channel structure, good lap quality.

The above rectifying sleeve 3 is installed outside the four parallel powder distribution pipes 8, so that the four powder distribution pipes 8 are distributed inside the rectifying sleeve 3, and the protective gas in the protective gas sleeve 1 flows along the rectifying sleeve 3, so that the outlet can be guaranteed The protective air curtain at the place is rectangular and ring-shaped.

The shielding gas pipes 4-1 and 4-2 are connected to the shielding gas generating device, supplying the shielding gas to the inside of the shielding gas jacket 1, and supplying the shielding gas to the laser broadband cladding process with internal powder feeding.

The powder feeding pipe 5 is connected to the powder feeding machine, and delivers the laser cladding powder to the positioning powder separator 2 to provide the cladding powder for the laser broadband cladding process of the internal powder feeding.

Preferably, the embodiments of the present utility model use screws 6-1 to 6-5 to block the processing holes left by the drilling process of the positioning powder separator.

As shown in Fig. 1 , Fig. 4 and Fig. 6 , in the embodiment of the present invention, a knob 7 for adjusting the powder output is provided at the inlet end of each of the powder distribution pipes 8 . By adjusting the screw-in amount of the knob 7, the powder output of the four parallel powder distribution pipes 8 are fine-tuned to ensure the uniformity of the powder sent.

The utility model is designed according to the requirements of laser broadband cladding powder feeding in the light, because the powder feeding requirement in the light is higher than that in the light outside, so the powder feeding device of the utility model can also be used for the powder feeding outside the light.

The embodiment of the utility model lists two kinds of processing and manufacturing methods of the above-mentioned positioning powder separator:

1) Machining method: Drilling method is adopted, through which the powder separator can be processed conveniently and accurately, and then the processing holes left by the drilling process of the positioning powder separator can be blocked by using screws, as shown in the figure Show.

2) 3D printing method: Using 3D printing molding technology, the above positioning powder separator can be directly formed.

The utility model discloses a laser broadband cladding light inner powder feeding device. Compared with the prior art, the utility model has the following advantages:

(1) The laser broadband cladding light internal powder feeding device provided by the utility model, when used, the powder beam will not interfere with the beam prematurely during the falling process, and the beam reflection loss is small;

(2) The incident light of the powder is accurate, straight, fine and straight, evenly distributed, with small diffusion and high utilization rate;

(3) The coupling precision of the powder and the laser beam is high, and it can realize round-trip scanning and forming, with uniform melt channel structure and good lap joint quality.

It is obvious to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the above exemplary embodiments, and that the present invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential features of the present invention. Therefore, no matter from all points of view, the embodiments should be regarded as exemplary and non-restrictive, and the scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the above description, so it is intended to fall within the scope of the claims All changes within the meaning and range of equivalents of the required elements are included in the present invention. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described according to implementation modes, not each implementation mode only contains an independent technical solution, and this description in the specification is only for clarity, and those skilled in the art should take the specification as a whole , the technical solutions in the various embodiments can also be properly combined to form other implementations that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims (7)

1. A laser broadband cladding optical internal powder feeding device is characterized in that: it includes a protective gas jacket, which is divided into a rectangular powder separating section at the rear and a trapezoidal rectifying section at the front, A positioning powder separator is installed in the center of the powder separating section, and two protective gas pipes are arranged in parallel on both sides of the positioning powder separator in the powder separating section, and the outlet end of the protective gas pipe communicates with the rectifying section , the end of the positioning powder separator is provided with several powder separating pipes, the several powder separating pipes are parallel to each other and run through the rectifying section, a rectifying sleeve is set on the outside of all powder separating pipes, the positioning powder separating pipes The interior of the device is a dendritic, one-to-n powder distribution channel composed of powder distribution pipes and joints. 2 . The laser broadband cladding optical powder feeding device according to claim 1 , characterized in that: the n is an integer of 2 or more. 3 . 3. The laser broadband cladding optical internal powder feeding device according to claim 2, characterized in that: when n≥4, a multi-stage powder distribution method is adopted. 4. The laser broadband cladding laser powder feeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the positioning powder separator is connected to the powder feeding machine through a powder feeding pipe. 5. The laser broadband cladding laser powder feeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the end of the powder distribution pipe points to the molten pool of laser cladding. 6 . The laser broadband cladding laser powder feeding device according to claim 1 , wherein a knob for adjusting the powder output is provided at the inlet end of each powder distribution pipe. 7 . 7. The laser broadband cladding optical internal powder feeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: the processing holes left by the positioning powder separator during drilling are blocked by screws.