CN203791625U - Detachable selective quick forming device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a detachable selective quick forming device. The detachable selective quick forming device mainly comprises a high-energy beam generator set, a scanning system, a protective cavity, a cavity support, a forming machine tool, an atmosphere protection system, a control system and other parts, wherein the protective cavity, the forming machine tool and the cavity support are core components of the detachable selective quick forming device. The forming machine tool or the protective cavity is designed to be capable of being separated from the protective cavity or the forming machine tool in a movable or a rotatable mode; parts in any size and any shape can be manufactured without changing forming accuracy, the complexity and mechanical properties of the parts; in addition, the parts can be taken out quite conveniently from the forming machine tool, and therefore operation efficiency is enhanced exponentially. Besides, the detachable selective quick forming device is especially suitable for manufacturing large parts or extra large parts or parts, of which the size is extra large in a certain direction, in any complex shape.

Description

A Separable Rapid Prototyping Device for Selected Areas

technical field

The utility model belongs to the field of rapid prototyping, and in particular relates to a separate selective melting and sintering rapid prototyping device. The formed parts can be metal, non-metal or composite materials of metal and non-metal.

Background technique

Additive Manufacturing technology (Additive Manufacturing), also known as 3D printing technology, is a new manufacturing technology based on the principle of layer-by-layer accumulation of discrete materials, based on the three-dimensional CAD model of the product, and the product prototype or parts are accumulated layer by layer through materials.

The selective melting and sintering rapid prototyping technology based on powder coating can manufacture parts of almost any shape because it can use auxiliary structures and loose powder as support, and has attracted the most attention among many additive manufacturing technologies. Its basic working principle is to spread a certain thickness of powder in the working cylinder. According to the control of the computer, the high-energy beam (laser or electron beam, etc.) is selectively melted and sintered according to the slice processing results of the three-dimensional parts graphics by scanning. Preset powder layers. Then the working cylinder is lowered by a slice thickness and powder is spread again, and the high-energy beam is driven by the scanning system to complete the next layer of parts manufacturing according to the three-dimensional graphic data. The process of powder spreading, high-energy beam scanning and lowering of the working cylinder is repeated in this way, so as to realize the overall manufacturing of three-dimensional parts.

The development of selective melting and sintering rapid prototyping device is an important way for the application of this technology. It mainly includes high-energy beam generator, scanning system, protection cavity, forming machine tool, atmosphere protection system and control system, among which scanning system, protection cavity The body and the forming machine determine the maximum size of the part that the equipment can form. Taking high-energy beams as laser beams as an example, the world's first commercial laser selective melting rapid prototyping device was launched by the MCP-HEK branch of the British MCP Group in 2003. In recent years, some research institutes and high-tech companies in Germany, the United Kingdom, and China have also developed laser selective melting rapid prototyping devices of different specifications, such as M270 and M280 developed by EOS in Germany, MTT250 by RENISHAW in the UK, and Concept Laser. M1 and M2, NRD-I and NRD-II developed by Wuhan Optoelectronics National Laboratory of Huazhong University of Science and Technology. Limited by the scanning field of the f-theta combination lens, the forming format of the commercial laser selective melting rapid prototyping device at home and abroad is generally 250mm×250mm. Taking high-energy beams as electron beams as an example, Swedish Acram Company has successively launched A1 and A2 type electron beam selective melting rapid prototyping devices, and the forming format is generally 250mm×250mm. At present, the above-mentioned equipment adopts the design of opening an operation door on the side wall of the protection cavity, and the preparation work before forming and the removal of parts after forming are all completed through the operation door. For the selective melting and sintering rapid prototyping device, the working focal length of the scanning system determines the height of the protection chamber, which also limits the maximum size of the operating door. At present, limited by the scanning format and working focal length of the high-energy beam scanning system, the maximum height of the parts that can be formed by selective melting and sintering is only 400mm, so as to ensure that the formed parts can be smoothly taken out from the working door on the side wall of the protection cavity.

Since selective melting and sintering technology can obtain complex precision components with high surface quality and high precision, it has wide application space in aerospace and other fields, and the demand for large parts is also increasing. Therefore, in order to meet different application requirements, the development of selective melting and sintering rapid prototyping devices is gradually developing towards the direction of forming large parts. There are mainly two ways: one is to expand the forming format, such as the Chinese patent document "Selective Laser Melting Rapid Prototyping Equipment for Direct Manufacturing of Large Parts" (publication number is CN102266942A) describes the splicing of multiple scanning galvanometers or the movement of scanning galvanometers. Make large metal parts. The second is to increase the height of the formed parts on the basis of expanding the format. However, under the technical requirements of ensuring the powder is fully melted or sintered, the variable range of the working focal length of the high-energy beam scanning system is very small, and the height of the protection chamber is limited. The development of selective melting and sintering rapid prototyping device is an urgent problem to be solved.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above problems, the utility model proposes a separable selective melting and sintering rapid prototyping device, which is not limited by the size and shape of the formed parts, and can conveniently take out formed parts of any size from the forming cavity of the equipment.

The utility model provides a selective area rapid prototyping device, which is characterized in that it includes a high-energy beam generator group, a scanning system, a protective cavity, a cavity support, a forming machine tool, an atmosphere protection system and a control system;

The scanning system is located above the protective cavity, which is used to realize high-energy beam focusing and scanning, and the protective cavity is connected to the atmosphere protection system through pipelines;

The protective cavity is installed with a cavity support so that it is located above the forming machine tool. The forming machine tool or the protective cavity is provided with a lifting mechanism and a moving mechanism. The forming machine tool and the protective cavity are separated up and down through the lifting mechanism; The cavity moves or rotates through the motion mechanism, so that the two can be separated from each other;

The working table of the forming machine tool is equipped with a sealing structure, so that the lower surface of the protection cavity and the upper surface of the forming machine tool can be sealed tightly;

The control system is respectively electrically connected with the high-energy beam generator group, the scanning system, the lifting mechanism and the moving mechanism to control the opening of the high-energy beam generator group, the scanning of the high-energy beam, and the movement of the lifting mechanism and the moving mechanism.

When working, the high-energy beam emitted by the high-energy beam generator group is focused by the scanning system and then injected into the protection cavity. The focus of the focused high-energy beam is located on the working table of the forming machine tool. The powder is scanned to realize the melting or sintering of the powder.

Specifically, the utility model has the following technical effects:

1. The unique separate design of the protection cavity and the forming machine tool of this utility model breaks through the design requirements that the selective melting and sintering forming equipment must be integrated, solves the problem of taking out the formed parts, and can fully meet the requirements of any size and shape. The take-out requirements after manufacturing are especially suitable for the manufacture of large, extra-large or oversized parts in one direction.

2. In the utility model, the protection cavity and the forming machine tool can be separated freely, which not only ensures the airtightness of the protection cavity, but also solves the problems of inconvenient installation of the substrate, disassembly of parts and recovery of powder in the existing equipment.

3. The utility model can adopt different separation methods according to different requirements such as the size and weight of the formed parts, and the installation space of the equipment, including various methods such as horizontal movement and rotation of the forming machine tool or horizontal movement and rotation of the protection cavity, so as to further improve The convenience of equipment operation and the substantial reduction of equipment manufacturing cost.

4. The utility model does not change the forming accuracy, complexity and mechanical properties of the parts, but greatly increases the ease of operation before and after forming, and saves the time of the entire forming process.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural schematic diagram of the first specific embodiment of the utility model selective area rapid prototyping device;

Fig. 2 is the first structural schematic diagram of the scanning system unit of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a second structural schematic diagram of the scanning system unit of the present invention;

4 is a schematic diagram of a first specific implementation of a fixed array distributed mode scanning system;

5 is a schematic diagram of a second specific implementation of the fixed array distributed mode scanning system;

6 is a schematic diagram of a first specific implementation of the mobile platform mode scanning system;

7 is a schematic diagram of a second specific implementation of the mobile platform mode scanning system;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a first specific implementation of a mixed-mode scanning system;

FIG. 9 is a schematic diagram of a second specific implementation of the mixed-mode scanning system;

FIG. 10 is a schematic diagram of a third specific implementation of the mixed-mode scanning system;

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a fourth specific implementation of the mixed-mode scanning system;

Fig. 12 is a structural schematic diagram of the second specific embodiment of the utility model selected area rapid prototyping device;

Fig. 13 is a structural schematic diagram of the third specific embodiment of the utility model selected area rapid prototyping device;

Fig. 14 is a structural schematic diagram of the fourth specific embodiment of the utility model selected area rapid prototyping device;

Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of the first movement mode of the forming machine tool of the present invention;

Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of the second movement mode of the forming machine tool of the present invention;

Fig. 17 is a schematic diagram of the third movement mode of the forming machine tool of the present invention;

Fig. 18 is a schematic diagram of the first movement mode of the protective chamber of the present invention;

Fig. 19 is a schematic diagram of the second movement mode of the protection chamber of the present invention;

Fig. 20 is a schematic diagram of the third movement mode of the protection chamber of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the specific embodiment of the present utility model will be further described. It should be noted here that the descriptions of these implementations are used to help understand the utility model, but are not intended to limit the utility model. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not constitute conflicts with each other.

The selected area rapid prototyping device involved in the utility model includes a high-energy beam generator group, a scanning system, a protection cavity, a cavity support, a forming machine tool, an atmosphere protection system and a control system. Among them, the coverage of the scanning system and the size of the forming cylinder in the forming machine are the core components for realizing large or extra large parts. The protection cavity, the cavity support and the forming machine are the core components of the utility model to realize free separation, so as to complete the manufacture and removal of large, extra-large or super-large parts in a certain direction. According to the size and weight of the formed parts, the separation of the rapid prototyping device can be realized by the movement of the forming machine tool, or the separation of the rapid prototyping device can be realized by the movement of the protection cavity. The respective structure and separation of the forming machine tool and the protective cavity can be realized in various ways, and parts of any shape and size can be formed without affecting the focusing and scanning characteristics of the scanning system. In order to reduce the energy loss of the high-energy beam during transmission and ensure the compactness of the equipment, the scanning system is installed on the top of the protective cavity.

The equipment of the utility model can be used for selective melting or selective sintering to form different kinds of metal or non-metallic parts according to the types of high energy beams used and different raw materials.

As shown in Figure 1, the selected area rapid prototyping device involved in the example of the utility model is composed of a high-energy beam generator group 1, a scanning system 2, a protection chamber 3, a forming machine tool 4, an atmosphere protection system 5, and a control system 6. In this example, the cavity is supported by cavity columns.

The scanning system 2 is located above the protection chamber 3 , and the upper cover of the protection chamber 3 is provided with a window 8 for incident high-energy beams. The high-energy beam enters from the entrance of the scanning system 2, and exits from the exit of the scanning system 2 after focusing, and enters the interior of the protection cavity 3 through the window 8. The focus of the focused high-energy beam is located on the table surface of the forming machine tool 4. The rapid prototyping feeding adopts the working method of falling powder, and the inner top surface of the protection cavity 3 is equipped with powder hoppers 7 and 7 ′, which are located on both sides of the window 8 . Both ends of the lower part of the protection cavity 3 are connected to the cavity uprights 13 and 13' through welding or bolts to form a whole, and the cavity uprights 13 and 13' are fixed on the ground. The side of the protection chamber 3 is connected with the atmosphere protection system 5 through the inlet and outlet pipes, so as to ensure that the water and oxygen content inside the protection chamber meet the requirements during the forming process.

The forming machine tool 4 is located at the lower part of the protection cavity 3 . The forming cylinder 9 is located between the recovery cylinders 12 and 12 ′, and the working surfaces of the three cylinders are located on the same horizontal plane, forming the working surface of the machine tool 4 . The lower end of the forming cylinder 9 is connected with a lifting piston, which can control the lifting of the forming cylinder. The size of the forming cylinder can be designed into different specifications according to the forming requirements of large, extra-large or oversized parts in a certain direction. The recovery cylinders 12 and 12' are used to recover the redundant powder when the equipment is powder spread. The lower bottom surface of the protection cavity is provided with through holes corresponding to the sizes of the three cylinders to meet the cooperation between the two and the working requirements of the three cylinders. The worktable of the machine tool 4 is equipped with a powder spreading device 10, which can be scrapers or powder rollers of various materials, and is used for laying powder layers on the surface of the substrate in the forming cylinder 9. The working table of the forming machine tool is also equipped with a sealing structure 11, which plays a sealing role when the lower surface of the protection cavity 3 is closely attached to the upper surface of the forming machine tool 4. The bottom plate of the forming machine tool 4 is equipped with rollers 15 and 15 ′, which are located on the guide rails 16 and 16 ′ laid on the ground respectively. The lifting mechanisms 14 and 14' are installed on the bottom plate of the forming machine tool 4, and can drive the entire forming machine tool 4 to move up and down during operation. When driving the forming machine tool to move upward, the tightness between the lower surface of the protection cavity 3 and the working surface of the forming machine tool 4 can be realized. The sealing of the protective cavity is realized with the assistance of the sealing structure 11; when the forming machine tool is driven to move downward, the upper and lower disengagement of the protective cavity 3 and the forming machine tool 4 can be realized.

The selected area rapid prototyping device is equipped with a control system 6, which can independently control the opening of the high-energy beam generator group, high-energy beam scanning, powder dropping from the powder hopper, powder spreading, lifting of the forming cylinder, lifting of the forming machine tool, and movement of the forming machine tool along the guide rail. Linkage control of the above functions can also be realized.

The high-energy beams used in the utility model can be various laser beams, electron beams, ion beams and plasmas in continuous or pulse output mode. The high-energy beam generator group of the selected area rapid prototyping device involved in the utility model is composed of one or several or even dozens of high-energy beam generators, and the number is determined by the design structure of the scanning system. The scanning system can be a single scanning system unit adapted to the above energy source or a combination of multiple scanning system units distributed in different array forms.

The scanning system involved in the utility model is a key component for realizing the rapid prototyping device to manufacture large and extra-large parts, and can adopt a fixed array distribution mode, a mobile platform mode or a mixed mode of the above two. The basic structure in various modes is the scanning system unit, which is an important part of the utility model to realize high-energy beam focusing and scanning, and there are different implementation methods corresponding to different energy sources. Two specific structural forms are listed below, but the scanning system unit used in the present invention is not limited thereto. As shown in Figure 2, when the high-energy beam used is a laser beam, the laser beam 20 is injected into the XY two-axis scanning galvanometer, and the deflectable X-axis mirror 21 and the Y-axis mirror 22 cooperate to swing to realize the rotation of the beam. The scanning is focused by the F-θ combination lens 23 and then injected into the protective cavity 3 from the window 8. The focus is on the working table of the forming machine tool 4, so as to realize the melting or sintering of the powder. As shown in Figure 3, when the high-energy beam used is an electron beam, the electron beam 24 is injected into the scanning system unit 27, after being focused by the focusing magnetic lens 25, the scanning of the focused electrons is controlled by the scanning magnetic lens 26, and the electron beam is emitted from the window 8. Into the inside of the protective chamber 3, the focal point is located on the working table of the forming machine tool 4, so as to realize the melting or sintering of the powder. When the electron beam is used as the energy source, the interior of the protection chamber 3 needs to reach the required vacuum degree with the assistance of the atmosphere protection system 5 .

Figures 4 to 11 show schematic diagrams of scanning system design in fixed array distribution mode, mobile platform mode, and mixed mode respectively, but the utility model is not limited to the scanning system described in these schematic diagrams. The actions of different scanning systems are only different in the powder melting and sintering scanning process of each layer, and have no effect on the movement process of other structures of the equipment, so I won’t repeat them here.

Depending on the size of the large parts to be formed, the fixed array distribution mode can be composed of several or dozens of high-energy beam generators and corresponding scanning system units arranged in an array, which can be used for forming parts of any shape and size. A high-energy beam generator can correspond to one scanning system unit, and can also correspond to multiple scanning system units through beam splitting. FIG. 4 shows the first specific implementation of the fixed-array distributed mode scanning system. Several scanning system units 27 are arranged and integrated in a rectangular array to form the scanning system 2 shown in FIG. 1 . The processing area planning method corresponding to the scanning system unit 27 is as follows: the forming cylinder 9 in the forming machine tool 4 is divided into several identical or different areas, there is a small amount of overlap between adjacent areas, and the scanning field coverage of each scanning system unit An area in the forming cylinder, the size and shape of which are determined by the devices used in the scanning system unit (such as XY laser scanning galvanometer and f-θ combination lens, etc.). The control system 6 decomposes the XY plane of the three-dimensional model of the part into several areas, which correspond to the areas divided in the forming cylinder in terms of shape, size, and position. When the high-energy beam scans, each scanning system unit is assigned by the control system. Slicing graphic data in the corresponding area is melted or sintered powder. All scanning system units work at the same time or time-sharing during forming processing. For the processing of overlapping areas, one scanning system unit can be selected to scan and the other scanning system unit does not scan, or two scanning system units can be selected to scan separately or alternately. , to ensure the processing quality of the joint part shall prevail.

FIG. 5 shows the second specific implementation of the fixed array distributed mode scanning system. Several scanning system units 27 are arranged in a circular array and integrated together, which can be used for processing large circular parts. Each circular dotted line in the figure represents the center line of the scanning system unit arrangement in a circular array, which is arranged layer by layer according to the range that the scanning system units can cover from the inside to the outside, so as to ensure that the combined processing area of all scanning system units covers the entire Component. The processing area planning method corresponding to the scanning system unit 27 is similar to the first implementation mode, the difference is that each area needs to be arranged in a circular array according to the shape and size of the ring part.

The scanning system unit 27 can be arranged in a rectangular, circular or other arbitrary array to meet the forming requirements of large and extra-large parts of different shapes.

Fig. 6 shows the first specific implementation of the mobile platform mode scanning system, which adopts XY ball screw to carry the scanning system unit. In the XY ball screw mobile platform mode scanning system, the scanning system unit 27 is directly installed on the mobile platform composed of the X-direction screw 28 and the Y-direction screw 29, and the control system 6 controls the XY ball screw mobile platform to move and scan The system unit 27 has its processing area covering the entire substrate. The processing area planning method of the scanning system unit 27 is as follows: the projected graphics of the parts on the XY plane are combined by a number of areas with the same shape and size or different sizes. There are a small number of overlapping parts in adjacent areas. The shape and size of each area are determined by the scanning system. device decision. During high-energy beam scanning processing, the control system moves the scanning system unit 27 above each area in a certain order by controlling the XY ball screw moving platform, and completes the powder melting or sintering in these areas in sequence.

FIG. 7 shows the second specific implementation of the scanning system in mobile platform mode. The scanning system unit 27 is mounted on the mobile platform around the circumference, and the division method of the processing area refers to the scanning system in the circular array distribution mode shown in FIG. 5 . During the forming process, the scanning system unit 27 moves on the circular slide rail 30 to the top of each area in turn to complete the powder melting or sintering forming in these areas.

Scanning system unit 27 can be installed on any form of two-dimensional and three-dimensional mobile platforms except XY ball screw and circular slide rail, so as to meet the forming requirements of large and extra-large parts of different shapes.

Figures 8 to 11 are the implementations of the given four mixed-mode scanning systems. Fig. 8 is the first realization of the mixed-mode scanning system, which adopts XY ball screw to mount the rectangular array mode scanning system 31; the second realization of the mixed-mode scanning system in Fig. Array pattern scanning system 31 . The rectangular array mode scanning system 31 is the rectangular array mode scanning system as shown in FIG. 4. The rectangular array mode scanning system 31 replaces the scanning system unit 27 in FIG. 6 and FIG. The second implementation. According to the processing area covered by the rectangular array mode scanning system 31 and the shape and motion characteristics of the mobile platform, the projected graphics of the parts on the XY plane are assembled. During laser scanning processing, the rectangular array mode scanning system 31 moves to the top of different processing areas in sequence. The scanning system units 27, 27'... process the area simultaneously or in time division.

A third implementation of the mixed-mode scanning system shown in FIG. 10 . It takes the mobile platform mode scanning system 32 shown in FIG. 6 as the basic component unit, and is integrated and installed together in the form of a rectangular array to form the scanning system 2 . The division method of the processing area of each basic component unit is the same as the first realization of the hybrid mode, and the high-energy beam scanning processing of each basic component unit is performed simultaneously or time-sharingly.

The fourth implementation of the mixed-mode scanning system shown in Figure 11 uses a mobile platform around the circumference to carry multiple mobile platform mode scanning systems 32, and all the mobile platform mode scanning systems 32 are evenly dispersed and arranged, and can all surround the mobile platform in a circle on sports. The scanning system in this mode is the same as the area distribution of the scanning system shown in Figure 9 in the processing area allocation. Each mobile platform mode scanning system 32 and 32' needs to scan and process several areas. During the processing, each mobile platform mode The scanning systems 32 and 32' scan and move simultaneously to complete the forming task of each layer.

As shown in Fig. 12, the selective area rapid prototyping device involved in the utility model can realize the separation of the protection cavity and the forming machine tool by moving the protection cavity. Forming machine tool 4 is integrally fixed on the ground. Both ends of the lower part of the protection chamber 3 are respectively connected to the chamber columns 13 and 13' through lifting mechanisms 14 and 14'. The bottoms of the cavity columns 13 and 13' are respectively equipped with rollers 15 and 15', and the rollers 15 and 15' are respectively located on the guide rails 16 and 16' laid on the ground. When the rollers move along the guide rails, they can drive the protection cavity 3 to move and The forming machine 4 is separated. When the lifting mechanism 14 and 14' work at the same time, it can drive the protection chamber 3 and the vertical chamber column 13 and 13' to move up and down together. When the protection chamber is driven to move downward, the lower surface of the protection chamber 3 and the forming machine tool 4 can be realized. The close fit of the worktable and the sealing of the protection cavity are realized with the assistance of the sealing structure 11; when the protection cavity is driven to move upward, the protection cavity 3 and the forming machine tool 4 can be disengaged up and down. The layout and functions of other parts of the device are the same as those in Figure 1, so they will not be described again. At this time, the control system 6 can independently control the opening of the high-energy beam generator group, high-energy beam scanning, powder falling from the powder hopper, powder spreading, lifting of the forming cylinder, lifting of the protection cavity and the column, and the movement of the protection cavity and the column along the guide rail. Motion, etc., can also realize the linkage control of the above functions.

As shown in Fig. 13, the forming machine tool 4 of the selective area rapid prototyping device of the present invention can adopt the working mode of powder ejection. The forming machine tool 4 is located at the lower part of the protection cavity 3 . The forming cylinder 9 is located between the powder feeding cylinder 18 and the recovery cylinder 17, and the working surfaces of the three cylinders are located on the same horizontal plane to form a working table. The lower ends of the three cylinders are connected with lifting pistons, which can control the lifting of each cylinder. The size of the forming cylinder can be designed into different specifications according to the forming requirements of large, extra-large or oversized parts in a certain direction. The lower bottom surface of the protection cavity is provided with through holes corresponding to the sizes of the three cylinders to meet the cooperation between the two and the working requirements of the three cylinders. There is no hopper provided inside the protective cavity 3, and the layout and functions of other parts of the equipment are the same as those in Figure 1, so they will not be described again. At this time, the control system 6 can independently control the opening of the high-energy beam generator group, high-energy beam scanning, lifting of the powder feeding cylinder, forming cylinder and recovery cylinder, powder spreading, and the movement of the forming machine tool along the guide rail, etc., and the linkage of the above functions can also be realized control.

As shown in Figure 14, when the forming machine tool 4 of the selective area rapid prototyping device of the present invention adopts the working mode of powder ejection, the separation of the protective cavity and the forming machine tool can be achieved by moving the protective cavity. Forming machine tool 4 is integrally fixed on the ground. Both ends of the lower part of the protection chamber 3 are respectively connected to the chamber columns 13 and 13' through lifting mechanisms 14 and 14'. The bottoms of the cavity columns 13 and 13' are respectively equipped with rollers 15 and 15', and the rollers 15 and 15' are respectively located on the guide rails 16 and 16' laid on the ground. When the rollers move along the guide rails, they can drive the protection cavity 3 to move and The forming machine 4 is separated. When the lifting mechanism 14 and 14' work, it can drive the protection chamber 3 and the chamber column 13 and 13' to move up and down together. When the protection chamber is driven to move downward, the lower surface of the protection chamber 3 and the working surface of the forming machine tool 4 can be realized. The tight fit of the protective cavity and the sealing of the protective cavity are realized with the assistance of the sealing structure 11; when the protective cavity is driven to move upward, the upper and lower disengagement of the protective cavity 3 and the forming machine tool 4 can be realized. The layout and functions of other parts of the device are the same as those in Figure 13, so they will not be described again. At this time, the control system 6 can independently control the opening of the high-energy beam generator group, the high-energy beam scanning, the lifting of the powder feeding cylinder, the forming cylinder and the recovery cylinder, powder spreading, the lifting of the protection cavity and the cavity column, the protection cavity and the cavity The movement of the body column along the guide rail, etc., can also realize the linkage control of the above functions.

There are many ways to realize the separation of the protection cavity 3 and the forming machine tool 4 , and the implementation of the separation of the selective area rapid prototyping device involved in the present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. It should be noted here that the descriptions of these embodiments are only used to help the understanding of the present utility model, but are not intended to limit the present utility model.

Referring to Figures 15, 16 and 17, when the mobile forming machine tool 4 is used to realize the separation of the selective area rapid prototyping device, under the condition that the lower surface of the protection cavity 3 and the upper surface of the forming machine tool 4 are disengaged, it can be installed at the bottom of the forming machine tool. The hydraulic pressure 14 ″ or the servo motor 19 and other moving mechanisms drive the entire machine tool to move or rotate forward and backward along the guide rails 16 and 16 ′, so as to realize the separation of the protection cavity 3 and the forming machine tool 4 .

Referring to Figures 18, 19 and 20, when the separation of the rapid prototyping device is realized by moving the protective cavity 3, under the condition that the lower surface of the protective cavity 3 and the upper surface of the forming machine tool 4 are disengaged, the The movement mechanisms such as hydraulic pressure 14 ″ or servo motor 19 on the side of columns 13 and 13 ′ drive the entire protection cavity to move or rotate forward and backward along the guide rails 16 and 16 ′, so as to realize the separation of protection cavity 3 and forming machine tool 4 .

The working process of the whole equipment will be described below by using a high-power fiber laser as an energy source and adopting a two-way powder falling method to perform selective laser melting and forming, as shown in Figure 1.

(1) The control system 6 controls the lifting mechanism 14 and 14' to drive the forming machine tool 4 to move downward, so that the lower surface of the protection cavity 3 is separated from the upper surface of the forming machine tool 4;

(2) The control system 6 controls the hydraulic pressure 14'' or the servo motor 17 and other moving mechanisms at the bottom of the forming machine tool 4 to drive the entire machine tool to move or rotate forward and backward along the guide rails 16 and 16', and the forming machine tool 4 is removed from the entire equipment ;

(3) Operate the forming machine tool 4 to complete the preparatory work such as the installation and leveling of the forming substrate, the installation of the powder spreading device, and the insertion of raw material powder;

(4) The control system 6 controls the hydraulic pressure 14'' or the servo 17 and other moving mechanisms at the bottom of the forming machine tool 4 to drive the entire machine tool to move or rotate backwards and forwards along the guide rails 16 and 16', and the forming machine tool 4 is moved into the forming equipment;

(5) The control system 6 controls the lifting mechanism 14 and 14' to drive the forming machine tool 4 to move upward, so that the lower surface of the protection cavity 3 is closely attached to the working surface of the forming machine tool 4, and the protection cavity is realized with the assistance of the sealing structure 11 The sealing of the whole forming equipment is completed;

(6) Start the atmosphere protection system 5 to make the water and oxygen content in the protection cavity 3 meet the forming requirements, and then according to the designed three-dimensional graphics, the control system 6 controls the powder hopper 7 and 7' to drop powder, and the powder spreading device 10 to spread powder , the laser group is turned on, the scanning system 2 scans, and the forming cylinder 9 descends, etc., and repeats the powder falling-powder spreading-laser scanning-forming cylinder descending until the entire metal part is manufactured;

(7) After forming, repeat steps (1) and (2) to move out the forming machine tool 4;

(8) Operate the forming machine tool 4 to complete follow-up work such as taking out the forming parts, recovering the powder, disassembling the powder spreading device, and cleaning the forming cylinder.

The above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the content disclosed in the above embodiments and accompanying drawings. All equivalents or modifications that do not deviate from the spirit disclosed by the utility model fall within the protection scope of the utility model.

Claims (10)

1. a separable constituency fast shaping appts, it is characterized in that, it comprises high energy beam generator group (1), scanning system (2), protection cavity (3), cavity support, forming machine tool (4), atmosphere protection system (5) and control system (6);

Scanning system (2) is positioned at the top of protection cavity (3), and for realizing, high energy beam focuses on and scanning, and protection cavity (3) is connected with atmosphere protection system (5) by pipeline;

Protection cavity (3) is provided with cavity and supports, be located at forming machine tool (4) top, forming machine tool (4) or protection cavity (3) are provided with elevating mechanism and motion, between forming machine tool (4) and protection cavity (3), are realized up and down and being thrown off by elevating mechanism; Forming machine tool (4) or protection cavity (3) are realized mobile or are rotated by motion, and the two can be separated from each other;

The work top of forming machine tool (4) is provided with hermetically-sealed construction, while making to protect cavity (3) lower surface and forming machine tool (4) upper surface to be adjacent to, seals;

Control system (6) is connected with high energy beam generator group (1), scanning system (2), elevating mechanism and the motion signal of telecommunication respectively, to control the motion of unlatching, high energy beam scanning, elevating mechanism and motion of high energy beam generator group.

2. separable constituency according to claim 1 fast shaping appts, it is characterized in that, described forming machine tool (4) comprises formation cylinder (9) and two powder cylinders, formation cylinder (9) is between two powder cylinders, the working surface of formation cylinder (9) and two powder cylinders is positioned in same level, forms the work top of described forming machine tool (4); The lower end of formation cylinder (9) is connected with the lifting piston for controlling its lifting; The work top of forming machine tool (4) is provided with power spreading device, lays for the powder bed of formation cylinder (9) substrate surface.

3. separable constituency according to claim 1 fast shaping appts, it is characterized in that, described forming machine tool (4) comprises formation cylinder (9) and two recovery cylinders, formation cylinder (9) reclaims between cylinder at two, the working surface of three cylinders is positioned in same level, forms the work top of forming machine tool (4); The work top of forming machine tool (4) is provided with power spreading device (10), lays for the powder bed of formation cylinder (9) substrate surface; The lower end of formation cylinder (9) is connected with lifting piston, for controlling formation cylinder lifting; Two powder unnecessary while reclaiming cylinders for reclaimer paving powder;

The inner top surface of protection cavity (3) is provided with two powder buckets, and is positioned at the both sides of the window (8) that protection cavity (3) upper surface offers; The bottom surface of protection cavity (3) offers and formation cylinder (9) and two through holes that recovery cylinder size is corresponding;

Protection cavity (3) two ends, bottom are connected with the cavity column for fixing and form an entirety; The base plate of forming machine tool (4) is provided with roller; Elevating mechanism is arranged on the base plate of forming machine tool (4); When elevating mechanism work, can drive whole forming machine tool (4) to move up and down, in the time driving forming machine tool to move upward, can realize fitting tightly of protection cavity (3) lower surface and forming machine tool (4) work top, and the auxiliary lower sealing that realizes protection cavity of the hermetically-sealed construction of installing on working surface (11); In the time driving forming machine tool to move downward, can realize the disengagement up and down of protection cavity (3) and forming machine tool (4); In the time that roller moves along guide rail, can drive forming machine tool (4) motion to separate with protection cavity (3).

4. separable constituency according to claim 1 fast shaping appts, it is characterized in that, described forming machine tool (4) comprises formation cylinder (9) and two recovery cylinders, formation cylinder (9) reclaims between cylinder at two, the working surface of three cylinders is positioned in same level, forms the work top of forming machine tool (4); The work top of forming machine tool (4) is provided with power spreading device (10), lays for the powder bed of formation cylinder (9) substrate surface; The lower end of formation cylinder (9) is connected with lifting piston, for controlling formation cylinder lifting; Two powder unnecessary while reclaiming cylinders for reclaimer paving powder;

The inner top surface of protection cavity (3) is provided with two powder buckets, and is positioned at the both sides of the window (8) that protection cavity (3) upper surface offers; The bottom surface of protection cavity (3) offers and formation cylinder (9) and two through holes that recovery cylinder size is corresponding;

Forming machine tool (4) entirety is fixing; Protection cavity (3) two ends, bottom are connected with cavity column by elevating mechanism, and cavity column bottom is provided with roller; In the time that roller moves along guide rail, can drive protection cavity (3) motion to separate with forming machine tool (4); When elevating mechanism work, can drive protection cavity, cavity column to move up and down together, in the time driving protection cavity to move downward, can realize fitting tightly of protection cavity (3) lower surface and forming machine tool (4) work top, and the auxiliary lower sealing that realizes protection cavity of the hermetically-sealed construction of installing on working surface (11); In the time driving protection cavity to move upward, can realize the disengagement up and down of protection cavity (3) and forming machine tool (4).

5. separable constituency according to claim 1 fast shaping appts, it is characterized in that, described forming machine tool (4) comprises formation cylinder (9), powder feeding cylinder (18) and reclaims cylinder (17), formation cylinder (9) is positioned at powder feeding cylinder (18) and reclaims between cylinder (17), the working surface of three cylinders is positioned in same level, forms a work top; The lower end of three cylinders is all connected with lifting piston; The work top of forming machine tool (4) is provided with power spreading device (10), lays for the powder bed of formation cylinder (9) substrate surface;

Protection cavity (3) upper surface offers window (8), and the bottom surface of protection cavity (3) offers and formation cylinder (9) and two through holes that recovery cylinder size is corresponding;

Protection cavity (3) two ends, bottom are connected with the cavity column for fixing and form an entirety; The base plate of forming machine tool (4) is provided with roller; Elevating mechanism is arranged on the base plate of forming machine tool (4); When elevating mechanism work, can drive whole forming machine tool (4) to move up and down, in the time driving forming machine tool to move upward, can realize fitting tightly of protection cavity (3) lower surface and forming machine tool (4) work top, and the auxiliary lower sealing that realizes protection cavity of the hermetically-sealed construction of installing on working surface (11); In the time driving forming machine tool to move downward, can realize the disengagement up and down of protection cavity (3) and forming machine tool (4); In the time that roller moves along guide rail, can drive forming machine tool (4) motion to separate with protection cavity (3).

6. separable constituency according to claim 1 fast shaping appts, it is characterized in that, described forming machine tool (4) comprises formation cylinder (9), powder feeding cylinder (18) and reclaims cylinder (17), formation cylinder (9) is positioned at powder feeding cylinder (18) and reclaims between cylinder (17), the working surface of three cylinders is positioned in same level, forms a work top; The lower end of three cylinders is all connected with lifting piston; The work top of forming machine tool (4) is provided with power spreading device (10), lays for the powder bed of formation cylinder (9) substrate surface;

Protection cavity (3) upper surface offers window (8), and the bottom surface of protection cavity (3) offers and formation cylinder (9) and two through holes that recovery cylinder size is corresponding;

Forming machine tool (4) entirety is fixing; Protection cavity (3) two ends, bottom are connected with cavity column by elevating mechanism, and cavity column bottom is provided with roller; In the time that roller moves along guide rail, can drive protection cavity (3) motion to separate with forming machine tool (4); When elevating mechanism work, can drive protection cavity, cavity column to move up and down together, in the time driving protection cavity to move downward, can realize fitting tightly of protection cavity (3) lower surface and forming machine tool (4) work top, and the auxiliary lower sealing that realizes protection cavity of the hermetically-sealed construction of installing on working surface (11); In the time driving protection cavity to move upward, can realize the disengagement up and down of protection cavity (3) and forming machine tool (4).

7. according to arbitrary described separable constituency fast shaping appts in claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that, described high energy beam generator group is made up of one or several and even tens of high energy beam generators.

8. according to the arbitrary described separable constituency fast shaping appts of claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that, described scanning system is the single scanning system unit adapting with described high energy beam generator group or the multiple scanning systems unit distributing according to array format.

9. separable constituency according to claim 8 fast shaping appts, it is characterized in that, in forming machine tool (4), formation cylinder (9) is divided into some identical or different regions, a region in the field sweep drape forming cylinder of each scanning system unit, the size and shape in this region is determined by scanning system unit.

10. according to the arbitrary described separable constituency fast shaping appts of claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that, described scanning system is fixing array distribution pattern, mobile platform pattern, mixed mode.