CN203726945U - Sheet material - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides a board, which is characterized in that the board includes a substrate, a flame-retardant layer and a decorative layer stacked in sequence, and the flame-retardant layer is dried by paper and/or glass fiber fabric attached with a flame-retardant adhesive. get. The plate material provided by the utility model not only has excellent flame-retardant performance, but also has simple processing technology, does not need to carry out flame-retardant treatment on the substrate, therefore, it will not affect the mechanical properties of the substrate, and has great industrial application prospects.

Description

a board

technical field

The utility model relates to a board.

Background technique

The mandatory standard of "Flame Retardant Products and Components Combustion Performance Requirements and Labels in Public Places" (GB20286-2006) stipulates that products and components entering public places must have a certain level of flame retardant performance. Wood products used in household and public places are combustible materials, which constitute a hidden danger of building fire. With the popularity of wood products and bamboo products in household and public places, the problem of fire safety has become more prominent. In consideration of the safety of human life and property, it is very necessary to use fire-retardant wooden and bamboo products, and it is also one of the most concerned issues in the industry.

However, the existing wood and bamboo products used indoors usually do not have flame-retardant properties. Therefore, in order to avoid the possibility of indoor fires, it is urgent to develop a wood or bamboo product with excellent flame-retardant properties.

Utility model content

In order to overcome the defect that the existing wood products and bamboo products do not have flame-retardant properties, the utility model provides a board with excellent flame-resistant properties.

The plate material provided by the utility model comprises a sequentially stacked substrate, a flame-retardant layer and a finish layer, and the flame-resistant layer is obtained by drying paper and/or glass fiber fabric attached with a flame-retardant adhesive.

The board provided by the utility model is directly provided with a flame-retardant layer between the substrate and the decorative layer, so that the obtained board has excellent flame-retardant performance. In addition, on the one hand, since the board is directly provided with a flame-retardant layer on the surface of the substrate, there is no need to perform flame-retardant treatment on the substrate, which not only simplifies the flame-retardant treatment process, but also does not adversely affect the mechanical properties of the substrate , avoiding the complex process caused by the flame-retardant treatment of the substrate and affecting the physical properties and mechanical strength of the material; on the other hand, the flame-retardant layer of the board provided by the utility model is made of paper and/or glass The fiber fabric is used as a carrier for the flame retardant adhesive, thus effectively avoiding the direct coating of the flame retardant adhesive on the surface of the substrate. Since the flame retardant adhesive is usually liquid, the thickness of the flame retardant adhesive layer formed by one coating is small, so that the obtained The defect that the flame retardant performance of the board is not greatly improved. In other words, the board provided by the utility model not only has excellent flame-retardant properties, but also does not affect the mechanical properties of the base material, and has great industrial application prospects.

Preferably, the thickness of the decorative layer is 0.05-2mm, the thickness of the flame-retardant layer is 0.1-5mm, and the thickness of the substrate is 2-100mm.

Preferably, the substrate is one or more of plywood, laminated veneer lumber, joinery board, particle board, waffle board, fiberboard, straw board, bamboo board, bamboo laminated lumber and bamboo glulam.

Preferably, the flame retardant adhesive contains a water-soluble amino resin, a dehydration catalyst, a char-forming agent and an auxiliary agent, and the dehydration catalyst is selected from one or more of ammonium polyphosphate, melamine orthophosphate and melamine pyrophosphate kind, the degree of polymerization of the ammonium polyphosphate is 20 or more.

Preferably, the char-forming agent is selected from one or more of sucrose, sorbose, starch, monopentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol and tripentaerythritol; the auxiliary agent is aluminum hydroxide and/or magnesium hydroxide, or One selected from aluminum silicate fiber, glass fiber, asbestos fiber, hollow glass microsphere, modified borosilicate, expandable graphite, silicate with layered structure, silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide and urea Mixture of one or more kinds with aluminum hydroxide and/or magnesium hydroxide.

Preferably, the paper has a grammage of not less than 20 g/m ² .

Preferably, the paper has a grammage of 60-300 g/m ² .

Preferably, the grammage of the glass fiber fabric is not less than 80g/m ² .

Preferably, the glass fiber fabric has a grammage of 100-200 g/m ² .

Preferably, the decorative layer is formed by one or more of decorative paper impregnated with melamine-formaldehyde resin and/or urea-formaldehyde resin, decorative paper not impregnated with resin, sliced veneer and surface-printed decorative layer.

Other features and advantages of the present utility model will be described in detail in the following specific embodiments.

Description of drawings

The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the utility model, and constitute a part of the description, together with the following specific embodiments, are used to explain the utility model, but do not constitute a limitation to the utility model. In the attached picture:

Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a specific embodiment of the board.

Explanation of reference signs

1-substrate; 2-flame retardant layer; 3-finish layer.

Detailed ways

Specific embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to illustrate and explain the utility model, and are not intended to limit the utility model.

The board includes a base plate, a flame-retardant layer and a finish layer stacked in sequence, and the flame-resistant layer is obtained by drying paper and/or glass fiber fabric attached with a flame-retardant adhesive. Its specific structure is shown in FIG. 1 , that is, the board includes a substrate 1 , a flame-retardant layer 2 and a decorative layer 3 stacked in sequence.

The thicknesses of the substrate, flame retardant layer and decorative layer can be reasonably selected according to actual conditions. For example, when the thickness of the substrate is constant, the thickness of the flame retardant layer can be increased if better flame retardant performance is required; if the requirement for flame retardant performance is not very high, the flame retardant layer can also be appropriately reduced thickness of. Specifically, for currently commonly used wood products and bamboo products, the thickness of the decorative layer can be 0.05-2 mm, the thickness of the flame-retardant layer can be 0.1-5 mm, and the thickness of the substrate can be 2 mm. -100mm.

The substrate can be various existing boards that can be used as a flame-retardant material matrix, for example, plywood, laminated veneer lumber, joinery board, particle board, waffle board, fiberboard, wheat straw board, bamboo board, One or more of bamboo laminated lumber and bamboo laminated lumber.

The flame retardant adhesive can be various existing substances with flame retardant properties and adhesive properties, preferably, the flame retardant adhesive is the flame retardant adhesive disclosed in CN102757754A, that is, the flame retardant adhesive contains water-soluble amino Resin, dehydration catalyst, char-forming agent and auxiliary agent, described dehydration catalyst is selected from one or more in ammonium polyphosphate, melamine orthophosphate and melamine pyrophosphate, and the polymerization degree of described ammonium polyphosphate is 20 or more. In addition, the flame retardant adhesive may optionally contain water.

In the above-mentioned flame-retardant adhesive, based on the total weight of the flame-retardant adhesive, the content of the water-soluble amino resin can be 30-70% by weight, the content of the dehydration catalyst can be 8-35% by weight, and the content of the char-forming agent can be 2-20% by weight, the content of the auxiliary agent can be 2-30% by weight, and the content of water can be 0-40% by weight; preferably, based on the total weight of the flame-retardant adhesive, the content of the water-soluble amino resin is 40% -60% by weight, the content of the dehydration catalyst is 10-25% by weight, the content of the char-forming agent is 5-15% by weight, the content of the auxiliary agent is 3-20% by weight, and the content of water is 0-30% by weight. When each component is within the above preferred content range, the flame retardant and adhesive properties of the obtained flame retardant adhesive are better.

In addition, when used, the content of water in the flame-retardant adhesive is preferably 20-30% by weight of the total weight of the flame-retardant adhesive containing water. Therefore, if the water content in the flame retardant adhesive is not within the above range, a certain amount of water can be added as needed to meet the needs of use.

In the above-mentioned flame-retardant adhesive, the main function of the dehydration catalyst is to promote the dehydration and carbonization of the char-forming agent, and the obtained dehydration carbonized product expands under the action of the non-combustible gas generated by the decomposition of the amino resin, and isolates external heat and oxygen to Internal transmission, so as to achieve the purpose of protecting the substrate from burning.

The auxiliary agent can be various substances known to those skilled in the art that can improve the flame retardancy, smoke suppression performance and reduce free formaldehyde of the flame retardant adhesive. Preferably, the auxiliary agent is aluminum hydroxide and/or Magnesium hydroxide, or is selected from aluminum silicate fiber, glass fiber, asbestos fiber, hollow glass microspheres, modified borosilicate, expandable graphite, silicate with layered structure, silicon dioxide, aluminum oxide and mixtures of one or more of urea with aluminum hydroxide and/or magnesium hydroxide.

Among them, the aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide decompose and absorb heat, and the H ₂ O generated after pyrolysis can absorb heat. The final oxide is a high temperature resistant substance, and its attachment to the surface of combustibles can further prevent the progress of combustion. Aluminum hydroxide and magnesium hydroxide not only do not produce any harmful substances during the whole flame retardant process, but also the decomposition products can eliminate smoke and absorb heat while being flame retardant.

The water-soluble amino resin may be selected from various conventional water-soluble amino resins in the art, preferably, the water-soluble amino resin is melamine-formaldehyde resin and/or melamine-modified urea-formaldehyde resin. The above two water-soluble amino resins have good bonding performance and water resistance, and also have excellent flame retardant performance. When heated, they will decompose and release non-combustible gases such as ammonia and water vapor, which reduces the surface of combustibles. The heat dilutes the concentration of combustible gas on the surface of the combustible, so the water-soluble amino resin is one of the key components of the flame-retardant adhesive. The water-soluble amino resin can be obtained commercially, or can be prepared according to various methods known in the art, for example, according to CN1527853A, CN1105694A, CN1834186A, CN101134835A or literature [J WoodSci (2001) 47:451-457] Prepared by the disclosed method.

The char-forming agent can be various existing substances capable of dehydration carbonization, preferably, the char-forming agent is selected from one or more of sucrose, sorbose, starch, monopentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol and tripentaerythritol . The non-combustible gas such as ammonia and water vapor released by the water-soluble amino resin when heated is used as the gas source. The char-forming agent is dehydrated and carbonized under the action of a dehydration catalyst, and a foam-like expanded carbonized layer is formed on the surface of the combustible. The foam A large amount of non-combustible gas is covered in the intumescent carbonized layer, which not only effectively blocks the radiation effect of the external heat source on the internal wood, but also blocks the contact between oxygen and the internal wood, so as to achieve the purpose of flame retardancy and fire prevention.

When forming the flame-retardant layer, the ratio of the amount of the flame-retardant adhesive to the total amount of the paper and glass fiber fabric may be 0.5-8:1, preferably 2-5:1. It should be noted that when only paper is used as a carrier in the flame retardant layer, the total weight of the paper and fiberglass fabric refers to the weight of paper; when only fiberglass fabric is used as a carrier in the flame retardant layer , the total weight of the paper and the glass fiber fabric refers to the weight of the glass fiber fabric; when the paper and the glass fiber fabric are used as the carrier in the flame-retardant layer, the total weight of the paper and the glass fiber fabric refers to the weight of the paper The sum of the weight and the weight of the glass fiber fabric.

In the flame-retardant layer, both the paper and the glass fiber fabric play the role of a carrier for attaching the flame-retardant adhesive. In order to be more conducive to the formation of the flame-retardant layer and to obtain a plate with better mechanical properties, the grammage of the paper is preferably Not less than 20g/cm ³ , more preferably 60-300g/cm ³ ; the grammage of the glass fiber fabric is preferably not less than 80g/cm ³ , more preferably 100-200g/cm ³ .

The facing layer can be formed from various existing decorative materials, for example, it can be made of decorative paper impregnated with melamine formaldehyde resin and/or urea-formaldehyde resin, decorative paper not impregnated with resin, sliced One or more of veneer and surface printed decorative layer are formed. Wherein, the decorative paper may be one or more of wood grain paper, wallpaper, glued paper and the like. When the facing layer is formed by decorative paper impregnated with melamine-formaldehyde resin and/or urea-formaldehyde resin, the ratio of the total weight of the melamine-formaldehyde resin and urea-formaldehyde resin to the weight of the decorative paper can be 0.5-8:1, preferably 2-5:1. In addition, the melamine-formaldehyde resin and urea-formaldehyde resin forming the decorative layer may be the same as the melamine-formaldehyde resin and urea-formaldehyde resin forming the flame-retardant layer, which will not be described in detail.

According to the present invention, various existing methods can be used to form the board, for example, the paper and/or glass fiber fabric can be impregnated and/or coated with a flame-retardant adhesive, and the obtained flame-retardant The paper and/or glass fiber fabric of the adhesive is dried to obtain a flame-retardant adhesive layer with a certain viscosity, and then the substrate, the flame-retardant adhesive layer and the decorative layer are sequentially laminated together and cured by heat and pressure to obtain a substrate, flame-retardant ply and optionally include a finish ply for the board.

The conditions for hot-press curing generally include: the hot-press curing temperature may be 90-220° C., preferably 120-200° C.; the hot-press curing pressure may be 5-20 MPa, preferably 7-12 MPa.

The preferred embodiment of the utility model has been described in detail above, but the utility model is not limited to the specific details in the above embodiment, and within the scope of the technical concept of the utility model, various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the utility model , these simple modifications all belong to the protection scope of the present utility model.

In addition, it should be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific implementation manners may be combined in any suitable manner if there is no contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the utility model will not further describe various possible combinations.

In addition, any combination of various implementations of the present invention can also be made, as long as they do not violate the idea of the present invention, they should also be regarded as the disclosed content of the present invention.

Claims (7)

1. A plate, characterized in that, the plate comprises successively stacked substrates, a flame retardant layer and a finish layer, the flame retardant layer is made of paper and/or fiberglass fabric and attached to the paper and/or glass Composition of flame retardant adhesive on fiber fabric. the 2 . The board according to claim 1 , wherein the thickness of the decorative layer is 0.05-2 mm, the thickness of the flame-retardant layer is 0.1-5 mm, and the thickness of the substrate is 2-100 mm. the 3. The board according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the substrate is plywood, laminated veneer lumber, joinery board, particle board, waffle board, fiberboard, wheat straw board, bamboo board, bamboo laminated board One or more of wood and bamboo glulam. the 4. The board according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the grammage of the paper is not less than 20 g/m ² . 5. The board according to claim 4, characterized in that, the paper has a grammage of 60-300 g/m ² . 6. The board according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the grammage of the glass fiber fabric is not less than 80g/m ² . 7. The board according to claim 6, characterized in that the grammage of the glass fiber fabric is 100-200g/m ² .