CN203503557U - Electronic unit of power saving alternate current contactor - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model provides an electronic unit of a power saving alternate current contactor. The electronic unit is a four port network, and is provided with a first input terminal, a second input terminal, a first output terminal, and a second output terminal, wherein the first input terminal and the second input terminal are respectively connected with a first terminal and a second terminal of an AC voltage, and the first output terminal and the second output terminal are respectively connected with a first terminal and a second terminal of an excitation coil; a switch circuit and an energy storage circuit are disposed at an internal part of an additional electronic unit; one terminal of the switch circuit is connected with the first input terminal; the other terminal of the switch circuit is connected with the first output terminal and one terminal of the energy storage circuit; the other terminal of the energy storage circuit is connected with the second output terminal and the second input terminal; and the switch circuit is composed of gas discharge tubes, and the energy storage circuit is composed of capacitors.

Description

The electronic unit of power-saving alternating-current contactor

Technical field

The utility model relates to Low Voltage Electrical Apparatus, relates in particular to a kind of " electronic unit of power-saving alternating-current contactor " only forming with two electronic device transformations.

Background technology

A.C. contactor is a kind of application low-voltage electrical apparatus very widely, ends 2012, nearly 1,000,000,000 of the A.C. contactors of China's on-line operation, and to increase every year the speed increase of 8,000 ten thousand newly.Its operation principle is to utilize electromagnet to drive moving contact (make contact) closed or separated with fixed contact (break contact), reaches the object that switches on or off circuit.It is applicable to starting or controls three phase induction motor and other power consumption equipment.

Fig. 1 is the fundamental diagram of traditional A.C. contactor.This traditional A.C. contactor is mainly comprised of moving iron core, static iron core, magnet exciting coil, back-moving spring, break contact, make contact.When magnet exciting coil is connected AC220V, AC110V or AC380V voltage (being generally called below AC220V, AC110V or AC380V is AC voltage or field power supply), moving iron core is subject to the effect of the magnetic force that magnet exciting coil produces and closed with static iron core, also thereupon closed with the make contact of moving iron core interlock, external circuit is just connected by this make contact; When the AC voltage on magnet exciting coil disconnects, moving iron core loss of excitation is also subject to the effect of back-moving spring and separated with static iron core, and make contact resets and disconnects, and external circuit is just cut off thereupon.

In sum, the course of work of this traditional A.C. contactor can be divided into " adhesive ", " sticking ", " reset " three phases:

1, adhesive: magnet exciting coil and AC voltage are connected, dynamic and static iron core adhesive.In this stage, for overcoming the moving inertia of iron core and the elastic force of back-moving spring, field power supply must provide larger power (being " adhesive power " hereinafter referred to as this power), the adhesive mutually of dynamic and static iron core, and " adhesive power " is larger, adhesive is more simply quicker;

2, sticking: magnet exciting coil continues to connect with AC voltage, and dynamic and static iron core continues to keep the state of adhesive.In this stage, field power supply need only provide less power (being " holding power " hereinafter referred to as this power), and dynamic and static iron core also can continue adhesive.If in this stage, field power supply provides excessive holding power, will cause waste of energy and cause A.C. contactor unnecessary heating up;

3, reset: magnet exciting coil disconnects AC voltage, dynamic and static iron core " reset " separation.

The purposes of A.C. contactor varies, and structure also varies, but their operation principle is all identical with Fig. 1.

Because adhesive all passes to identical AC voltage with sticking stage magnet exciting coil, therefore there is following critical defect in traditional A.C. contactor:

1, meaningless power consumption: front already described, in adhesive and sticking stage, in the magnet exciting coil of traditional A.C. contactor, all pass to " identical " AC voltage, make holding power excessive, caused meaningless electric energy loss;

2, heating: the disastrous effect that meaningless electric energy loss produces is " heating heats up ", when serious, even can burn the magnet exciting coil of traditional A.C. contactor;

3, the quality " with fortune " of adhesive action: in the moment of magnet exciting coil connection AC voltage, when the instantaneous value of AC voltage is higher, the powerful adhesive of described conventional A.C. contactor; On the contrary, described magnet exciting coil is connected the moment of AC voltage, when the instantaneous value of AC voltage is lower, and the slow adhesive of described conventional A.C. contactor, in the case, its make contact or break contact just may seriously burn because striking sparks;

4, there is annoying AC noise;

5, power factor (PF) is low.

The critical defect existing for traditional A.C. contactor, the technical staff in electronics, electrical apparatus industry studies, has designed multiple for improving " electricity-saving circuit ", " electricity-saving appliance ", " energy saving ac contactor " of traditional A.C. contactor performance." a kind of energy saving ac contactor " that " energy-saving alternating current contactor unit ", the application number that Chinese Patent Application No. is 97216246.1 " high-effect energy-saving ac contactor ", application number is 94202133.9 is 201010144412.4 discloses patent applicant's achievement in research separately; Hangzhou, Changzhou, Zhuhai Deng Di universities and colleges or manufacturer are also useful on " electricity-saving appliance " appearance that improves conventional A.C. contactor performance.

Above-mentioned prior art really, for improving the performance of conventional A.C. contactor, has been made useful exploration and has been obtained certain achievement, but defect below ubiquity:

1, complex structure, is difficult to carry out;

2, electronic device used is too many, and electronic circuit is too complicated; Adopt monolithic processor controlled " economizer of AC. contactor " to be subject to the electromagnetic interference of the electrical equipment such as A.C. contactor itself or motor and cause internal processes execution error, generation " flyer " mistake control-this mistake control can breed disaster in some occasion!

3, the product price that enforcement is produced is too high, and the price of the QXJB type economizer of AC. contactor that for example Zhuhai City, Guangdong Province Co., Ltd produces is up to 1500 yuan/platform! Just more than 20 yuan of the price of small-sized A.C. contactor, the price of medium-sized A.C. contactor also only has hundreds of unit, and so expensive " QXJB type economizer of AC. contactor " will make user very few.

4, because electronic circuit is complicated, electronic device used is many, and therefore, the economize on electricity of A.C. contactor is controlled part and is difficult to become one with A.C. contactor, and part is controlled in described economize on electricity must separately establish a box, causes user installation inconvenience, wiring trouble.

5, because electronic circuit is complicated, electronic device used is many, therefore, the power consumption (AC-DC transition loss, IC power consumption, actuator power consumption etc.) that part self is controlled in the economize on electricity of A.C. contactor will increase, and what have is even large to the stage comparable with the holding power of small-size contactor.

Just because of prior art, there is above defect, so there is following situation: " China's electricity-saving type A.C. contactor has had certain market at present, but universal not enough, and traditional A.C. contactor is occupied an leading position at present on user uses.Main cause is that power-saving contactor price is more expensive, and user can't accept in disposable input, awaits country and in the popularization of energy-saving type contactor, strengthens policy dynamics, promotes the extensive use of energy-saving type contactor ".(list of references 1: money Jinchuan etc. alternating-current contactor energy-saving technology summary. the 4th phase of the market conditions .2011 of China Electronics)

Present situation for prior art, the utility model want Da to target be: grasping " to essence must be to letter; have simple and practical ability only and spread for a long time " and the aim of " not having best; only have better ", " application electric technology; rebuild traditional industry ", design a kind of electronic circuit as far as possible device simple, used try one's best honest and clean, the performance of few, price of trying one's best surpass prior art, " the electron type power-saving alternating-current contactor " of " to essence to letter ".

Utility model content

An electron type power-saving alternating-current contactor, comprises additional electron unit and conventional A.C. contactor two parts, it is characterized in that:

Described conventional A.C. contactor is comprised of break contact DD, make contact DH, moving iron core M, static iron core G, back-moving spring F, magnet exciting coil L;

Described additional electron unit is four port networks, is provided with N1, N2, P1, tetra-ports of P2, and port N1, N2 are two input port, and P1, P2 are two output port; Input port N1, N2 are connected with S1, the S2 end of AC voltage respectively, and output port P1, P2 hold and are connected with A1, the A2 of described magnet exciting coil L respectively;

The inside of four described port network additional electron unit is provided with switching circuit and accumulator, its connected mode is: the N1 end described in a termination of described switching circuit, the P1 end described in another termination, P1 end described in one termination of described accumulator, the P2 end described in another termination, described P2 end is connected with described N2 end; Or: the P2 end described in N2 described in a termination of described switching circuit end, another termination, the P1 end described in a termination of described accumulator, the P2 end described in another termination, described P1 end is held and is connected with described N1;

Described switching circuit is by gas discharge tube GDT(gaseous discharge tube) form, described accumulator is comprised of capacitor C;

Described gas discharge tube GDT, two electronic devices of capacitor C have formed four described port additional electron unit; Its circuit structure and building form are: described N1 end, gas discharge tube GDT, P1 end, capacitor C, P2 end, N2 end are in series successively and consist of four described port additional electron unit; Or: described N1 end, P1 end, capacitor C, P2 end, gas discharge tube GDT, N2 end are in series successively and consist of four described port additional electron unit;

Described gas discharge tube GDT can use semiconductor discharge tube (thyristor surge suppressors), static restrain in device (Electro-Static discharge), Transient Voltage Suppressor (Transient Voltage Suppressor) or varistor (pressure sensitive resistor) any one for example semiconductor discharge tube substitute;

Described additional electron unit and conventional A.C. contactor are combined by described mode, can form novel " electron type power-saving alternating-current contactor ".

Described additional electron unit has the function of automatic discriminating to the AC voltage of random connection: when the instantaneous value of AC voltage is less than threshold voltage, and the not adhesive of electron type power-saving alternating-current contactor; Otherwise, when the instantaneous value of AC voltage is greater than threshold voltage, its adhesive power providing when enough large, the just powerful adhesive of electron type power-saving alternating-current contactor.

When the voltage at described switching circuit two ends is greater than described threshold voltage, its conducting;

During described switching circuit conducting, described accumulator charging energy-storing.

Application the utility model, can obtain following beneficial effect:

1, inexpensive: the extremely essence for improvement of conventional A.C. contactor performance in the utility model, to " the additional electron unit " of letter, only has two electronic devices, and total cost is less than 0.3 yuan.Only spend several maos, just can make conventional A.C. contactor be promoted to " the electron type power-saving alternating-current contactor " of premium properties, solved the problem that list of references 1 discloses: " China's electricity-saving type A.C. contactor has had certain market at present; but universal not enough, traditional A.C. contactor is occupied an leading position at present on user uses.Main cause is that power-saving contactor price is more expensive, user can't accept in disposable input, await country and in the popularization of energy-saving type contactor, strengthen policy dynamics, promote the extensive use of energy-saving type contactor ", for electricity-saving type A.C. contactor spread has been created condition;

2, thing is beautiful: the volume of above-mentioned two electronic devices is all fine, they can be integrated into the inside of conventional A.C. contactor, manufactures the electron type power-saving alternating-current contactor integrated, outward appearance is pleasing.This point, prior art all too far behind to catch up, be difficult to accomplish;

3, reliable: the quantity of the reliability of electronic product and electronic device used is inversely proportional to, price is directly proportional to the quantity of electronic device used.Electronic device used is more, and electronic circuit is more complicated, just means that reliability is lower, price is higher.The utility model is only used two electronic devices, and is all the power-type device of not being afraid of electromagnetic interference that forceful electric power is used, and therefore, not only cost is low, and reliability is high;

4, lengthen the life: a traditional CJX2-2510 A.C. contactor, a CJX2-2510 A.C. contactor with the same model of " additional electron unit " of the present utility model transformation, the same place that is 34 ℃ in room temperature was moved after 10 hours simultaneously, the temperature on the former surface has surpassed 60 ℃, touches scalding one's hand; The latter, the temperature on surface is still room temperature.Temperature rise is the formidable enemy of electronics, electric equipment products, and temperature rise is higher, and the useful life of product is just shorter, otherwise just can extend useful life.Therefore, the utlity model has and extend product " lengthening the life " function in useful life;

5, quick: the utility model is provided with " threshold voltage ", AC voltage is greater than " threshold voltage ", " adhesive power " when enough large, and A.C. contactor is just done adhesive and moved.Therefore, the utility model adhesive action is strong and powerful, clear, sucting speed is fast.The advantage of the utility model quick pick-up, can reduce contact electric arc, prevent that contact from burning inefficacy, to protection contact, extend the contactor life-span and there is important effect.

6, economize on electricity: temperature rise is low, is the visualize of economize on electricity, and measured result also shows, the utlity model has higher electric energy.

In order to survey electric energy of the present utility model, just made model machine (only need two electronic devices, model machine is easy to do), with " EPM8200 multifunctional electrical parameter measuring instrument ", measure respectively the index of following two kinds of A.C. contactors:

(1) the conventional A.C. contactor (hereinafter to be referred as conventional part) of CJX2-2510 type that, does not add the utility model it " additional electron unit ";

(2), by method described in the utility model, the conventional A.C. contactor of described CJX2-2510 type adds novel " electron type power-saving alternating-current contactor " (hereinafter to be referred as novel) that transformation forms after " additional electron unit ".

Result is as following table 1:

Table 1

Above measured result shows: " active power power saving rate " of the present utility model reaches 67%, and " apparent power power saving rate " reaches 83%.

7, noise elimination.After nineteen twenty-four, the first in the world A.C. contactor was born, AC noise and A.C. contactor with regard to " as shade with ", industry personnel reaches the stage of " customary, face the fearful with no fears " to the AC noise of conventional A.C. contactor.The utility model can be accomplished quiet noiseless, even in the dead of night, also can't hear noise, makes onlooker in the industry express one's surprise, wonder, etc in fact.

8, rise PF.Front already described, measured result shows: the power factor (PF) of conventional A.C. contactor (Power factor is PF) is only 0.332, and after application the utility model, PF rises to 0.655.

Accompanying drawing explanation

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of conventional A.C. contactor;

Fig. 2 is the functional-block diagram of embodiment 1;

Fig. 3 is the circuit theory diagrams of embodiment 1;

Fig. 4 is AC voltage oscillogram;

Fig. 5 is the work schematic diagram of embodiment 1 in t2～t3 time domain:

Fig. 6 is the work schematic diagram of embodiment 1 when t=th:

Fig. 7 is the work schematic diagram of embodiment 1 when t=t3:

Fig. 8 is the work schematic diagram of embodiment 1 in t3～t4 time domain:

Fig. 9 is the work schematic diagram of embodiment 1 in transitional region:

Figure 10 is the work schematic diagram of embodiment 1 in t5～t6 time domain:

Figure 11 is the work schematic diagram of embodiment 1 when t=t6:

Figure 12 is the work schematic diagram of embodiment 1 in t6～t7 time domain;

Figure 13 is the functional-block diagram of embodiment 2:

Figure 14 is the circuit theory diagrams of embodiment 2;

Figure 15 is the circuit theory diagrams of embodiment 3;

Figure 16 is the circuit theory diagrams of embodiment 4.

Embodiment

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, execution mode of the present utility model is described.

Fig. 2 is the functional-block diagram of the embodiment 1 of the utility model, and Fig. 3 is the circuit theory diagrams of embodiment 1.In Fig. 2, Fig. 3: L is the magnet exciting coil in conventional A.C. contactor, two connectivity ports that A1, A2 are it; Dashed rectangle 100 represents additional electron of the present utility model unit, and it is that to have two inputs be that N1 is four port networks that P1 and P2 hold with N2 end, two outputs; In described additional electron unit 100 101 is that switching circuit, 102 is accumulator.

In conjunction with Fig. 2 and Fig. 3; An electron type power-saving alternating-current contactor, comprises additional electron unit 100 and conventional A.C. contactor two parts, it is characterized in that:

Described conventional A.C. contactor is comprised of break contact DD, make contact DH, moving iron core M, static iron core G, back-moving spring F, magnet exciting coil L;

Described additional electron unit 100 is four port networks, is provided with N1, N2, P1, tetra-ports of P2, and port N1, N2 are two input port, and P1, P2 are two output port; Input port N1, N2 are connected with S1, the S2 end of AC voltage respectively, and output port P1, P2 hold and are connected with A1, the A2 of described magnet exciting coil L respectively;

The inside of four described port network additional electron unit 100 is provided with switching circuit 101 and accumulator 102, its connected mode is: the N1 end described in a termination of described switching circuit 101, the P1 end described in another termination, P1 end described in one termination of described accumulator 102, the P2 end described in another termination, described P2 end is connected with described N2 end;

Described switching circuit 101 is comprised of gas discharge tube GDT, and described accumulator 102 is comprised of capacitor C;

Described gas discharge tube GDT, two electronic devices of capacitor C have formed four described port additional electron unit 100;

Circuit structure and the building form of four described port additional electron unit 100 are: described N1 end, gas discharge tube GDT, P1 end, capacitor C, P2 end, N2 end are in series successively and consist of four described port additional electron unit 100.

Described additional electron unit 100 is combined by described mode with conventional A.C. contactor, can form novel " electron type power-saving alternating-current contactor ".

In conjunction with Fig. 4: from the mathematic(al) representation of the AC voltage of S1, S2 end input be:

u=Umsin（2πft＋φ）

In above formula: u is the instantaneous value of AC voltage, Um is the amplitude of AC voltage, and f is the frequency of AC voltage, and φ is the initial phase angle of AC voltage.

For concise explanation, now suppose initial phase angle φ=0, the expression formula of the instantaneous value u of AC voltage is:

u=Umsin2πft

Its waveform as shown in Figure 4.In figure: t represents that time, u represent the instantaneous value of AC voltage.

The operation principle of gas discharge tube GDT is: when its both end voltage UT is that switching circuit threshold voltage is called for short " threshold voltage " lower than its discharge voltage Usdc(hereinafter referred to as this discharge voltage Usdc) time, described gas discharge tube GDT is an insulator, present high impedance, be approximately open circuit, described gas discharge tube GDT is cut-off state; When its both end voltage UT is greater than its discharge voltage Usdc, just produce arc discharge and present Low ESR, be approximately short circuit, described gas discharge tube GDT is conducting state.According to the above-mentioned operation principle of gas discharge tube GDT, the AC voltage in Fig. 4 is divided into lower area:

1, adhesive region, i.e. shadow region in Fig. 4 are refused in start.In this region, the discharge voltage Usdc that the instantaneous value u=Umsin2 π ft of AC voltage is less than gas discharge tube GDT:

u=Umsin2πft＜Usdc

Gas discharge tube GDT is cut-off state.If connect AC voltage in this region start, described electron type power-saving alternating-current contactor will be refused adhesive.

2, energy storage region, i.e. Q1, Q2 region in Fig. 4, in this region, UT > Usdc, gas discharge tube GDT is conducting state, described capacitor C and the energy storage of magnet exciting coil L bulk charge.

3, releasing can region, i.e. t3～t4, t6～t7 region in Fig. 4, and in this region, UT < Usdc, gas discharge tube GDT is cut-off state, energy is released in the complementary electric discharge of described capacitor C and magnet exciting coil L.

4, transitional region, i.e. t4～t5 region in Fig. 4, this region is very special region, will elaborate below.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, set forth the course of work of the present embodiment 1:

During t=t1 (t=t1 is in aforesaid " adhesive region is refused in start "), AC voltage is connected, now, and before the connection of AC voltage, capacitor C and magnet exciting coil L electric discharge all finish, therefore the voltage at capacitor C two ends (being the output voltage of additional electron unit 100) UC=0; At this t=t1 constantly, the instantaneous value of AC voltage:

u1＝Umsin2πft1＜Usdc

Be that gas discharge tube GDT both end voltage UT is less than its discharge voltage Usdc, therefore it is cut-off state, the output voltage U C=0 of additional electron unit 100, described not adhesive of electron type power-saving alternating-current contactor.

In conjunction with Fig. 1, professional and technical personnel should be clear: if it is upper that the instantaneous value u1=Umsin2 π ft1 of t=t1 AC voltage constantly is directly applied to the magnet exciting coil L of conventional A.C. contactor, may produce one of following bad phenomenon:

1, the value of u1 is too low, and its magnetic force producing is less than the elastic force of back-moving spring F, the power consumption in vain of conventional A.C. contactor and not adhesive;

2, the value of u1 is large not, and its magnetic force producing is only slightly larger than the elastic force of back-moving spring F, the inadequate and slow ground adhesive of conventional A.C. contactor, and its contact is because the sparking time is compared with the long scaling loss that subjects to.

Above-mentioned phenomenon is one of shortcoming of conventional A.C. contactor.

In conjunction with Fig. 3, Fig. 4: during t=t2, the instantaneous value of AC voltage:

u2＝Umsin2πft2＞Usdc

The gas discharge tube GDT conducting of discharging, is approximately short circuit.Again in conjunction with Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, due to gas discharge tube GDT electric discharge conducting, the charging current i23 that AC voltage just provides, the utility model just enters above-described " energy storage region ", and capacitor C, magnet exciting coil L just obtain respectively the charging current of ic23, iL23.

In conjunction with Fig. 4, Fig. 6, during to t=th, the charging current that AC voltage provides is Ih, and capacitor C, magnet exciting coil L obtain respectively the charging current of Ich, ILh.

Additional electron unit 100 output voltages are that the voltage at capacitor C or magnet exciting coil L two ends is enough high, are:

Uch≈uh＝Umsin2πfth

In above formula, Uch represents that output voltage, the uh of additional electron unit 100 when t=th represents the instantaneous value of AC voltage when t=th.

During t=th, AC voltage has ordered about magnet exciting coil L, and to have obtained enough strong charging current be exciting current ILh, under the effect of enough enough large adhesive power large, that enough strong Uch, ILh produces, the just powerful adhesive enter sticking state of electron type power-saving alternating-current contactor.

Analyze so far, can reach a conclusion: the random AC voltage of connecting in 100 pairs of additional electron unit has the function of automatic discriminating: when the instantaneous value u=Umsin2 of AC voltage π ft < Usdc(is threshold voltage) time, gas discharge tube GDT cut-off, the voltage U C=0 of described additional electron unit 100 outputs, the not adhesive of electron type power-saving alternating-current contactor; The adhesive power providing when the instantaneous value u=Umsin2 of AC voltage π ft > Usdc, gas discharge tube GDT electric discharge conducting, AC voltage is enough greatly time, the just powerful adhesive of electron type power-saving alternating-current contactor.

In brief: the random AC voltage of connecting in 100 pairs of additional electron unit has the function of automatic discriminating: when the instantaneous value of AC voltage is less than threshold voltage, the not adhesive of electron type power-saving alternating-current contactor; Otherwise, when the instantaneous value of AC voltage is greater than threshold voltage Usdc, its adhesive power providing when enough large, the just powerful adhesive of electron type power-saving alternating-current contactor.

Therefore,, as long as select the sufficiently high gas discharge tube of Usdc, can guarantee that the adhesive of electron type power-saving alternating-current contactor is strong and powerful.

Be provided with threshold voltage, can guarantee that the adhesive of electron type power-saving alternating-current contactor is strong and powerful, clear, sucting speed is fast.The feature of the utility model quick pick-up; can reduce contact electric arc, prevent that contact from burning inefficacy; to protecting contact, prolongation A.C. contactor life-span to there is important effect, be the important function of the utility model, be also one of significant advantage of the utility model.

In conjunction with Fig. 4, Fig. 7, during t=t3, AC voltage is low level positive half cycle in S1 end for high level, S2 hold again, and S1 holds as anode, S2 end are negative terminal, and its instantaneous value is u3=Umsin2 π ft3; Now, the voltage at capacitor C two ends has been charged to UC3, and the voltage U T at gas discharge tube GDT two ends is:

UT＝u3－UC3＝Umsin2πft3－UC3＜Usdc

Gas discharge tube GDT turn-offs cut-off because of UT < Usdc, and that the utility model just enters is above-described " release can region ".

Again in conjunction with Fig. 4, Fig. 8, in the time domain of t3～t4 in above-described " release can region ":

Because gas discharge tube GDT has turn-offed cut-off, therefore, be equivalent to additional electron unit 100 and disconnect with AC voltage;

Before AC voltage disconnects, capacitor C and magnet exciting coil L all contain electric energy;

In the time domain of this t3～t4, energy is released in capacitor C electric discharge, and its discharging current is ic34; Because the electric current on magnet exciting coil L can not suddenly change, therefore it take electric current as iL34 " afterflow "; Both numerical value of freewheel current iL34 of the discharging current ic34 of capacitor C, magnet exciting coil L equate, direction complementation, and electron type power-saving alternating-current contactor just discharges and continues to keep sticking state with capacitor C and magnet exciting coil L complementation.

In other words: in the time domain of turn-offing at gas discharge tube GDT, electron type power-saving alternating-current contactor relies on the electric energy of capacitor C and magnet exciting coil L storage and maintains sticking state.

In conjunction with Fig. 4, Fig. 9, during t=t4:

AC voltage is low level negative half period in S2 end for high level, S1 hold, and S2 holds as anode, S1 end are negative terminal, and its instantaneous value is u4=Umsin2 π ft4;

As previously mentioned, in the time domain of the t3～t4 at t=t4 before the moment, capacitor C is discharged to magnet exciting coil L, while being discharged to t=t4, because the voltage on electric capacity can not suddenly change, thus capacitor C remain P1 end for just, P2 end for negative voltage U c4(herein, claim that voltage U c4 is " residual voltage ");

Now, the voltage U T at gas discharge tube GDT two ends is:

UT＝Uc4＋u4＝Uc4＋Umsin2πft4＞Usdc

The gas discharge tube GDT conducting of discharging, AC voltage is again to capacitor C charging, and charging current is ic45a; The utility model just enters above-described " transitional region ".

Set forth so far, in conjunction with Fig. 4, it is again emphasized that: AC voltage by just half circumferentially " zero crossing " of negative half period transition be the t=t10 point in t3～t4 time domain, AC voltage be zero but capacitor C remain P1 end for just, P2 end is negative voltage.

Approaching t=t4 constantly in, the freewheel current of magnet exciting coil L is iL45, because the electric current on inductance can not suddenly change, therefore t=t4 constantly after, it is still by former direction afterflow.According to the polarity of AC voltage now, the charging current i45 of AC Voltage-output can not provide this afterflow iL45, and now the residual voltage Uc4 in capacitor C just in time can provide described afterflow iL45, therefore the residual voltage Uc4 in capacitor C is not the path by GDT-N1-S1-S2, not by the electric discharge of AC voltage (if so, power factor will decline) but by the path of P1-L-P2, with discharging current ic45b=iL45 and the complementary electric discharge of magnet exciting coil L, make magnetic coil L keep " afterflow ".This is that power factor of the present utility model is far above the major reason of the power factor of conventional A.C. contactor.Power factor is high, is the important function of the utility model, is also one of significant advantage of the utility model.

During to t=t5, " afterflow " current i L45 of magnet exciting coil L is progressively down to zero, and the utility model just enters the represented state of Figure 10: the charging current i56 that AC voltage provides, capacitor C, magnet exciting coil L obtain respectively the charging current of ic56, iL56.

In conjunction with Fig. 4, Figure 11, during t=t6, AC voltage is the negative half period of high level in S1 end for low level, S2 hold, and S1 end is that negative terminal, S2 end are anode, and its instantaneous value is u6=Umsin2 π ft6; Now, the voltage at capacitor C two ends has been charged to UC6, and the voltage U T at gas discharge tube GDT two ends is:

UT＝u6－UC6＝Umsin2πft6－UC6＜Usdc

Gas discharge tube GDT turn-offs cut-off because of UT < Usdc, and that the utility model enters is again above-described " release can region ".

In conjunction with Fig. 4, Figure 12, in the time domain of t6～t7 " releases energy region ": because gas discharge tube GDT has turn-offed cut-off, therefore, be equivalent to additional electron unit 100 and disconnect with AC voltage;

Before AC voltage disconnects, capacitor C and magnet exciting coil L all contain electric energy;

Energy is released in capacitor C electric discharge, and its discharging current is ic67; Because the electric current on magnet exciting coil L can not suddenly change, therefore it take electric current as iL67 " afterflow "; Both numerical value of freewheel current iL67 of the discharging current ic67 of capacitor C, magnet exciting coil L equate, direction complementation, and electron type power-saving alternating-current contactor just discharges and continues to keep sticking state with capacitor C and magnet exciting coil L complementation.

Set forth so far, in conjunction with Fig. 4, Figure 12, it is again emphasized that: at AC voltage, by negative half period, to " zero crossing " of positive half cycle transition, be the t=t20 point in t6～t7 time domain, AC voltage be zero but capacitor C remain P1 end for negative, P2 end be positive voltage.

During to t=t7, the voltage U T at gas discharge tube GDT two ends is greater than its threshold voltage Usdc, and it punctures again conducting, and capacitor C and magnet exciting coil L enter again the state of charging energy-storing.So repetitive cycling, can guarantee that electron type power-saving alternating-current contactor maintains stable sticking state.

Set forth so far, can sum up the technical characterictic below the utility model:

When 1, the voltage at described switching circuit two ends is greater than described threshold voltage, its conducting;

2, during described switching circuit conducting, described accumulator charging energy-storing.

The check analysis of the present embodiment and conventional A.C. contactor:

One, adhesive

The present embodiment has selected to have the gas discharge tube GDT of suitable threshold voltage Usdc, in capacitor C the voltage magnetic force that enough high, magnet exciting coil L produces enough strong, while being enough to forcefully the moving iron core of adhesive rapidly, the powerful adhesive of the present embodiment.

Front already described, this function of the present embodiment is epochmaking, and insider is all known: moving iron core adhesive is more simply quicker, and the time that contact draws arc discharge, just possibility shorter, that contact is burnt was just less, and the useful life of A.C. contactor is just more permanent.This function of the present embodiment is especially aobvious precious to high-power higher-priced A.C. contactor.

Conventional A.C. contactor is quite different, and it is the function without discriminating to the AC voltage of random connection, entirely with " fortune ".Lucky, AC voltage is at u=Umsin(ω t+ φ) connect adhesive forcefully during=Um; Most time is " unlucky ".If for overcome the minimum exciting voltage of back-moving spring elastic force absolute value (be the absolute value) Wei ∣ u ∣=∣ Umsin(ω t+ φ) ∣=U0 of minimum pick-up voltage:

(1) if connect when the Shun of AC voltage Shi Zhi ∣ u ∣=∣ Umsin(ω t+ φ) ∣=U0, it is with regard to adhesive reluctantly and feebly;

(2) if connect when the Shun of AC voltage Shi Zhi ∣ u ∣=∣ Umsin(ω t+ φ) ∣ < U0, it is with regard to power consumption in vain and can not adhesive, and power consumption always rises to ∣ u ∣=∣ Umsin(ω t+ φ to the instantaneous value of AC voltage) just adhesive reluctantly and feebly during ∣=U0.

That the contact of Here it is the especially high-power higher-priced conventional A.C. contactor of conventional A.C. contactor often burns out is therefore former-, be also that conventional A.C. contactor power consumption is high, temperature rise therefore former-.

Two, noise

Conventional A.C. contactor is in the sticking stage, be input to AC voltage in magnet exciting coil " zero passage " (AC voltage by just half circumferentially negative half period or negative half period to " zero crossing " of positive half cycle transition) time, electricity Ya ∣ u ∣=∣ Umsin(ω t+ φ) ∣ < U0 during near Shun zero point, the magnetic force that magnet exciting coil produces is less than the elastic force of back-moving spring, moving iron core will leave static iron core, but that it has just left is very little-during segment distance, the instantaneous value u of AC voltage has been Shanged and has been Shenged Wei ∣ u ∣=∣ Umsin(ω t+ φ) ∣ > U0, so the moving iron core leaving is retracted by magnetic force again, moving, static iron core is adhesive again.In this process, it is 100Hz(50Hz alternating current that the silicon steel sheet in dynamic and static iron core can produce frequency) or 120Hz(60Hz alternating current) mechanical vibration noise.

Front already described, the present embodiment is when AC voltage " zero passage ", and capacitor C remains certain voltage, and the complementary electric discharge of this voltage and magnet exciting coil L, can guarantee that electron type power-saving alternating-current contactor keeps stable sticking state.Therefore there is not above-mentioned mechanical vibration noise.The quiet operation without making an uproar of experimental prototype of the present embodiment has proved the correctness of above-mentioned analysis.Noise elimination operation is one of function of the present utility model.

Three, power consumption

1, conventional A.C. contactor is all connected with AC voltage (or claiming the energising of full-time territory) at sticking state, and the holding power that AC voltage provides is excessive, has caused waste of energy and has caused A.C. contactor unnecessary heating up;

2, in the present embodiment, AC voltage is only in the local time domain of gas discharge tube GDT electric discharge conducting, for example the time domain (being that the angle of flow is the time domain of Q2) of the time domain of t2～t3 (being that the angle of flow is the time domain of Q1), t4～t6 is to capacitor C and magnet exciting coil L charging energy-storing, therefore, power consumption is much smaller than conventional A.C. contactor.Saves energy is the most important function of the utility model.

Four, power factor (PF)

The magnet exciting coil of conventional A.C. contactor is perceptual device, and power factor (PF) must be low.

The present embodiment is at the two ends of magnet exciting coil L and connect capacitor C, and the magnet exciting coil L of perception and the capacitor C of capacitive compensate mutually, and power factor (PF) must improve.

Power factor (PF) is high, is also one of function of the present utility model.

Figure 13 is the functional-block diagram of embodiment 2, and Figure 14 is the circuit theory diagrams of embodiment 2.

In conjunction with Figure 13, Figure 14: a kind of electron type power-saving alternating-current contactor, comprise additional electron unit 100 and conventional A.C. contactor two parts, it is characterized in that:

Described conventional A.C. contactor is comprised of break contact DD, make contact DH, moving iron core M, static iron core G, back-moving spring F, magnet exciting coil L;

Described additional electron unit 100 is four port networks, is provided with N1, N2, P1, tetra-ports of P2, and port N1, N2 are two input port, and P1, P2 are two output port; Input port N1, N2 are connected with S1, the S2 end of AC voltage respectively, and output port P1, P2 hold and are connected with A1, the A2 of described magnet exciting coil L respectively;

The inside of four described port network additional electron unit 100 is provided with switching circuit 101 and accumulator 102, its connected mode is: the N2 end described in a termination of described switching circuit 101, the P2 end described in another termination, P1 end described in one termination of described accumulator 102, the P2 end described in another termination, described P1 end is connected with described N1 end;

Described switching circuit 101 is comprised of gas discharge tube GDT, and described accumulator 102 is comprised of capacitor C;

Described gas discharge tube GDT, two electronic devices of capacitor C have formed four described port additional electron unit 100;

Circuit structure and the building form of four described port additional electron unit 100 are: described N1 end, P1 end, capacitor C, P2 end, gas discharge tube GDT, N2 end are in series successively and consist of four described port additional electron unit 100.

Compare with the circuit structure of embodiment 1, although change has been done in the position of gas discharge tube GDT in the present embodiment 2, the operation principle of the present embodiment 2, the course of work are still identical with embodiment 1, no longer repeat herein.

Figure 15 is the circuit theory diagrams of embodiment 3, and its circuit structure is: N1 end, semiconductor discharge tube (solid discharging tube) TSS, P1 end, capacitor C, P2 end, N2 end are in series successively and form described additional electron unit 100;

The present embodiment 3 use semiconductor discharge tube (solid discharging tube) TSS have substituted the gas discharge tube GDT in embodiment 1, and its operation principle, the course of work are similar to embodiment 1, no longer repeat herein.

Figure 16 is the circuit theory diagrams of embodiment 4, and its circuit structure is: described additional electron unit 100 is in series and forms successively by N1 end, P1 end, capacitor C, P2 end, static suppressor ESD, N2 end.

The present embodiment 4 use static suppressor ESD have substituted the gas discharge tube GDT in embodiment 1, and its operation principle, the course of work are identical with embodiment 1, no longer repeat herein.

More than disclose the technical solution of the utility model, and be illustrated by above-described embodiment.Those skilled in the art are to be understood that: above-described embodiment is of the present utility model illustrating; not limit to the utility model in the described scope of above-described embodiment; all modification of doing according to training centre of the present utility model, modification or alternative, all should be in the protection range that the utility model < < claims > > defines.

Claims (2)

1. an electronic unit for power-saving alternating-current contactor, is characterized in that:

Described electronic unit is four port networks, is provided with first input end mouth (N1), the second input port (N2), the first output port (P1) and the second output port (P2); First input end mouth (N1), the second input port (N2) are connected with the second end (S2) with the first end (S1) of AC voltage respectively, and the first output port (P1), the second output port (P2) are connected with the second end (A2) with the first end (A1) of magnet exciting coil (L) respectively;

The inside of described electronic unit is provided with switching circuit and accumulator; First input end mouth (N1) described in one termination of described switching circuit, the first output port (P1) described in another termination and one end of described accumulator; Another termination second output port (P2) and second input port (N2) of described accumulator;

Wherein, described switching circuit is comprised of gas discharge tube, and described accumulator is comprised of electric capacity.

2. the electronic unit of power-saving alternating-current contactor as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that:

Any one in described gas discharge tube semiconductor discharge tube, static supression device, Transient Voltage Suppressor or varistor substitutes.

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