CN103413728A - Multifunctional electronic alternating current contactor - Google Patents
Multifunctional electronic alternating current contactor Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Disclosed is a multifunctional electronic alternating current contactor. The multifunctional electronic alternating current contactor comprises an additional electronic unit and a traditional alternating current contactor, wherein the traditional alternating current contactor is composed of a normally closed contact, a normally open contact, a movable iron core, a static iron core, a reset spring and a magnet exciting coil. The multifunctional electronic alternating current contactor is characterized in that the additional electronic unit comprises a first input end, a second input end, a first output end, a second output end and a public end, wherein the first input end is connected with one end of a voltage control switch circuit, the other end of the voltage control switch circuit is connected with the first output end and one end of an energy storage circuit, the other end of the energy storage circuit, the second input end, the second output end and the public end have the same electric potential, the first input end and the second input end are also connected with a first end and a second end of an AC voltage respectively, and the first output end and the second output end are also connected with a first end and a second end of the magnet exciting coil respectively.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Low Voltage Electrical Apparatus, relate in particular to a kind of " multifunction electric subtype A.C. contactor " with the powerful adhesive of having concurrently of electronics technological transformation, economize on electricity noise elimination, the anti-thunder several functions of lightning protection.
Background technology
A.C. contactor is a kind of application low-voltage electrical apparatus very widely, ends 2012, nearly 1,000,000,000 of the A.C. contactors of China's on-line operation, and with the speed increase of newly-increased 8,000 ten thousand in every year.Its operation principle is to utilize electromagnet drive moving contact (make contact) with fixed contact (break contact) closure or separate, and reaches the purpose that switches on or off circuit.It is applicable to starting or controls three phase induction motor and other power consumption equipment.
Fig. 1 is the fundamental diagram of traditional A.C. contactor.This traditional A.C. contactor mainly is comprised of moving iron core, static iron core, magnet exciting coil, back-moving spring, break contact, make contact.When magnet exciting coil is connected AC220V, AC110V or AC380V voltage (following common name AC220V, AC110V or AC380V are AC voltage or field power supply), moving iron core be subjected to the magnetic force that magnet exciting coil produces effect and with the static iron core closure, also thereupon closed with the make contact of moving iron core interlock, external circuit is just connected by this make contact; When the AC voltage on magnet exciting coil disconnected, moving iron core loss of excitation also was subjected to the effect of back-moving spring and separates with static iron core, the make contact disconnection that resets, and external circuit just is cut off thereupon.
In sum, the course of work of this traditional A.C. contactor can be divided into " adhesive ", " sticking ", " resetting " three phases:
1, adhesive: magnet exciting coil and AC voltage are connected, dynamic and static iron core adhesive.In this stage, for overcoming
The inertia of moving iron core and the elastic force of back-moving spring, field power supply must provide larger power (being " adhesive power " hereinafter referred to as this power), the adhesive mutually of dynamic and static iron core ability, and " adhesive power " is larger, and adhesive is more simply quicker;
2, sticking: magnet exciting coil continues to connect with AC voltage, and dynamic and static iron core continues to keep the state of adhesive.In this stage, field power supply need only provide less power (being " holding power " hereinafter referred to as this power), and dynamic and static iron core also can continue adhesive.If in this stage, field power supply provides excessive holding power, will cause waste of energy and cause A.C. contactor unnecessary heating up;
3, reset: magnet exciting coil disconnects AC voltage, the separation that " resets " of dynamic and static iron core.
The purposes of A.C. contactor varies, and structure also varies, but their operation principle is all identical with Fig. 1.
Traditional A.C. contactor all passes to identical AC voltage due in adhesive and sticking stage magnet exciting coil,
Therefore there is following critical defect:
1, meaningless power consumption: front already described, in adhesive and sticking stage, in the magnet exciting coil of traditional A.C. contactor, all pass to " identical " AC voltage, make holding power excessive, caused meaningless electric energy loss;
2, heating: the disastrous effect of meaningless electric energy loss institute association is " heating heats up ", when serious, even can burn the magnet exciting coil of traditional A.C. contactor;
3, the quality " with fortune " of adhesive action: at magnet exciting coil, connect the moment of AC voltage, when the instantaneous value of AC voltage is higher, the powerful adhesive of described conventional AC contactor; On the contrary, described magnet exciting coil is connected the moment of AC voltage, when the instantaneous value of AC voltage is low, and the slow adhesive of described conventional AC contactor, in the case, its make contact or break contact just may seriously burn because striking sparks;
4, there is annoying AC noise;
5, power factor (PF) is low.
For the critical defect that traditional A.C. contactor exists, the technical staff in electronics, electrical apparatus industry studies, has designed multiple " electricity-saving circuit ", " electricity-saving appliance ", " energy saving ac contactor " be used to improving traditional A.C. contactor performance.Chinese patent application number is that 97216246.1 " high-effect energy-saving ac contactor ", application number are that 94202133.9 " energy-saving alternating current contactor unit ", application number are that 201010144412.4 " a kind of energy saving ac contactor " discloses patent applicant's achievement in research separately; Hangzhou, Changzhou, Zhuhai Deng Dide universities and colleges or manufacturer also are useful on " electricity-saving appliance " that improve conventional AC contactor performance and come out.
Above-mentioned prior art really, for improving the performance of conventional AC contactor, has been made useful exploration and has been obtained certain achievement, but the following defect of ubiquity:
1, complex structure, be difficult to carry out;
2, electronic device used is too many, and electronic circuit is too complicated; Adopt monolithic processor controlled " ac contactor
The device electricity-saving appliance " be subject to the electromagnetic interference of the electrical equipment such as A.C. contactor itself or motor and cause internal processes execution error, generation " flyer " mistake control-this mistake control can breed disaster in some occasion!
3, the product price of enforcement production is too high, and for example the price of the QXJB type economizer of AC. contactor of Zhuhai City, Guangdong Province Co., Ltd production is up to 1500 yuan/platform! Just more than 20 yuan of the price of small-sized A.C. contactor, the price of medium-sized A.C. contactor also only has hundreds of unit, and so expensive " QXJB type economizer of AC. contactor " will make the user very few.
4, due to the electronic circuit complexity, electronic device used is many, and therefore, the economize on electricity of A.C. contactor is controlled part and is difficult to become one with A.C. contactor, and part is controlled in described economize on electricity must separately establish a box, causes user installation inconvenience, wiring trouble.
5, due to the electronic circuit complexity, electronic device used is many, therefore, the power consumption (AC-DC transition loss, IC power consumption, actuator power consumption etc.) that part self is controlled in the economize on electricity of A.C. contactor will increase, and what have is even large to the stage comparable with the holding power of small-size contactor.
Just because of prior art, have above defect, so following situation occurred: " China's electricity-saving type A.C. contactor has had certain market at present, but universal not enough, and traditional A.C. contactor is occupied an leading position at present on the user uses.Main cause is that the power-saving contactor price is more expensive, and the user can't accept on disposable input, awaits country and in the popularization of energy-saving type contactor, strengthens the policy dynamics, promotes the extensive use of energy-saving type contactor ".(list of references 1: money Jinchuan etc. the alternating-current contactor energy-saving technology summary. the 4th phase of the market conditions .2011 of China Electronics)
Present situation for prior art, the present invention want Da to target be: grasping " to essence must be to letter; have simple and practical ability only and spread for a long time " and the aim of " not having best; only have better ", " application electric technology; rebuild traditional industry ", design a kind of electronic circuit as far as possible simple, used device try one's best honest and clean, the performance of few, price of trying one's best surpass prior art, " to essence to letter ", have concurrently by " the multifunction electric subtype A.C. contactor " of powerful adhesive, the several functions such as economize on electricity noise elimination, the anti-thunder of lightning protection.
Summary of the invention
A kind of multifunction electric subtype A.C. contactor, comprise additional electron unit and conventional AC contactor two parts that formed by break contact DD, make contact DH, moving iron core M, static iron core G, back-moving spring F, magnet exciting coil, it is characterized in that: described additional electron unit is provided with N1, N2, P1, tetra-ports of P2, is four port networks; Port N1, N2 are two input port, and P1, P2 are two output port; Input port N1, N2 are connected with S1, the S2 end of AC voltage respectively, and output port P1, P2 are connected with A1, the A2 end of described magnet exciting coil L respectively; Its theory structure mode is divided into:
Anti-thunder mode one: described additional electron is provided with the anti lightning road in unit, and it is comprised of N1 end, pressuring controling switch circuit, P1 end, accumulator, P2 end, common port E end, N2 end and anti lightning road; Described P2 end, N2 end all are connected with common port E end; One of described pressuring controling switch circuit termination N1 end, another termination P1 end; One of described accumulator termination P1 end, another termination P2 end; One of described anti lightning road termination N1 end, another termination N2 end;
Anti-thunder mode two: described additional electron also is provided with the anti lightning road in unit, and it is comprised of N1 end, common port E end, P1 end, accumulator, P2 end, pressuring controling switch circuit, N2 end and anti lightning road; Described P1 end, N1 end all are connected with common port E end; One of described accumulator termination P1 end, another termination P2 end; One of described pressuring controling switch circuit termination P2 end, another termination N2 end; One of described anti lightning road termination N1 end, another termination N2 end;
Omission mode one: described additional electron unit has omitted the anti lightning road, and it is comprised of N1 end, common port E end, P1 end, accumulator, P2 end, pressuring controling switch circuit and N2 end; Described P1 end, N1 end all are connected with common port E end; One of described accumulator termination P1 end, another termination P2 end; One of described pressuring controling switch circuit termination P2 end, another termination N2 end;
Omission mode two: described additional electron unit has also omitted the anti lightning road, and it is comprised of N1 end, pressuring controling switch circuit, P1 end, accumulator, P2 end, common port E end and N2 end; Described P2 end, N2 end all are connected with common port E end; One of described pressuring controling switch circuit termination N1 end, another termination P1 end; One of described accumulator termination P1 end, another termination P2 end.
Described additional electron unit and conventional AC contactor are combined by described mode, can form novel " multifunction electric gives the type A.C. contactor ".
Described pressuring controling switch circuit by ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1 form, accumulator by capacitor C form, the ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS2 of anti lightning route forms.
The circuit structure mode of described additional electron unit is divided into:
Anti-thunder mode one: described additional electron unit is comprised of N1 end, ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1, P1 end, capacitor C, P2 end, common port E end, N2 end and ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS2; One of described ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1 termination N1 end, another termination P1 end; One of described capacitor C termination P1 end, other end P2 end; One of described ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS2 termination N1 end, another termination N2 end; P2, N2 all connect common port E end;
Anti-thunder mode two: described additional electron unit is comprised of N1 end, common port E end, P1 end, capacitor C, P2 end, ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1, N2 end and ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS2; Described N1, P1 end all connects common port E end; One of described capacitor C termination P1 end, another termination P2 end; One of described ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1 termination P2 end, another termination N2 end; One of described ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS2 termination N1 end, another termination N2 end;
Omission mode one: N1 end, common port E end, P1 end, capacitor C, P2 end, ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1, N2 end are in series successively and namely form described additional electron unit;
Omission mode two: described additional electron unit is in series and forms successively by N1 end, ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1, P1 end, capacitor C, P2 end, common port E end, N2 end.
Described additional electron unit has the function of automatic discriminating to the AC voltage of random connection: when the instantaneous value of AC voltage is less than the threshold voltage of described pressuring controling switch circuit, and not adhesive of A.C. contactor; Otherwise, when the instantaneous value of AC voltage is greater than described threshold voltage, its adhesive power provided when enough large, just powerful adhesive of A.C. contactor.
Described anti lightning road and AC voltage are in parallel, the input N1 end of one termination additional electron unit, and other end attachment adds the input N2 end of electronic unit; It is characterized in that: before thunder and lightning arrived described N1, N2 end, it was in open-circuit condition; When thunder and lightning arrives the puncture voltage UT2 of N1, N2 end and lightning voltage>ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS2, its short circuit conducting.
Application the present invention, can obtain following beneficial effect:
1, inexpensive: in the present invention for improvement of conventional AC contactor performance to the essence to the letter " additional electron unit ", ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1, ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS2, three electronic components of capacitor C are only arranged, and total cost is less than 0.4 yuan.In the occasion that does not need anti-thunder, " additional electron unit " only has ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1, two electronic components of capacitor C.Only spend several maos, just can make the conventional AC contactor be promoted to " multifunction electric gives the type A.C. contactor " of premium properties, solved the problem that list of references 1 discloses: " China's electricity-saving type A.C. contactor has had certain market at present; but universal not enough, traditional A.C. contactor is occupied an leading position at present on the user uses.Main cause is that the power-saving contactor price is more expensive, the user can't accept on disposable input, await country and in the popularization of energy-saving type contactor, strengthen the policy dynamics, promote the extensive use of energy-saving type contactor ", for electricity-saving type A.C. contactor spread has been created condition;
2, thing U.S.: the volume of above-mentioned several electronic components is all fine, they can be integrated into to the inside of conventional AC contactor, manufactures the electricity-saving type A.C. contactor integrated, that outward appearance is pleasing.This point, prior art all too far behind to catch up, be difficult to accomplish;
3, reliable: the quantity of the reliability of electronic product and electronic device used is inversely proportional to, price and used
The quantity of electronic device be directly proportional.Electronic device used is more, and electronic circuit is more complicated, just means that reliability is lower, price is higher.The present invention only uses two (or three) electronic devices, and is all the power-type device of not being afraid of electromagnetic interference that forceful electric power is used, and therefore, not only cost is low, and reliability is high;
4, lengthen the life: a traditional CJX2-0910 A.C. contactor, the CJX2-0910 A.C. contactor with the same model of " additional electron unit " of the present invention transformation, after the same place that room temperature is 34 ℃ is moved 10 hours simultaneously, the temperature on the former surface has surpassed 60 ℃, touches scalding one's hand; The latter, the temperature on surface is still room temperature.Temperature rise is the formidable enemy of electronics, electric equipment products, and temperature rise is higher, and the useful life of product is just shorter, otherwise just can extend useful life.Therefore, the present invention has prolongation product " lengthening the life " function in useful life;
5, quick: the present invention is provided with " threshold voltage ", and AC voltage is greater than " threshold voltage ", " adhesive power " when enough large, and A.C. contactor is just done adhesive and moved.Therefore, adhesive action of the present invention is strong and powerful, clear, sucting speed is fast.The advantage of quick pick-up of the present invention, can reduce contact electric arc, prevent that contact from burning inefficacy, to the protection contact, extend the contactor life-span and have important effect.
6, economize on electricity: temperature rise is low, is the visualize of economize on electricity, and measured result also shows, the present invention has higher electric energy.
In order to survey electric energy of the present invention, just made model machine (only need several electronic components, model machine is easy to do), with " EPM8200 multifunctional electrical parameter measuring instrument ", measure respectively the index of following two kinds of A.C. contactors:
(1), the CJX2-0910 type conventional AC contactor (hereinafter to be referred as traditional part) that does not add the present invention it " additional electron unit ";
(2), by method of the present invention, described CJX2-0910 type conventional AC contactor adds novel " multifunction electric subtype A.C. contactor " (hereinafter to be referred as the present invention) that transformation forms after " additional electron unit ".
Result is as shown in table 1 below:
Table 1
Above measured result shows: " active power power saving rate " of the present invention reaches 68%, and " apparent power power saving rate " reaches 87%.
After application the present invention, but every CJX2-0910 type A.C. contactor power saving 8.8va.1,000,000,000 A.C. contactors in the whole nation (all by the calculating of CJX2-0910 type) but power saving 8,800,000 Kva, the total installation of generating capacity in hydraulic engineering the biggest in the world-power station, the Yangtze River Gorges is 1,820 ten thousand Kva.If 1,000,000,000 A.C. contactors in the whole nation are all applied this patent, be equivalent to build power station, nearly half Yangtze River Gorges, shown the large economic and social profit of tool that the present invention is contained!
7, noise elimination.After nineteen twenty-four, the first in the world A.C. contactor was born, AC noise and A.C. contactor with regard to " as shade with ", industry Inner personnel reach the stage of " customary, face the fearful with no fears " to the AC noise of conventional AC contactor.The present invention can accomplish quiet noiseless, even in the dead of night, also can't hear noise, makes industry Inner that the onlooker expresses one's surprise, wonder, etc in fact.
8, anti-thunder.The anti-thunder of the present invention ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS2 used 10 psecs after thunder and lightning arrives are 10ps(picosecond, and 1 psec equals trillionth second) the internal short-circuit conducting, can effectively resist the thunder and lightning imported into from AC power supplies.
9, rise PF.Front already described, measured result shows: the power factor (PF) of conventional AC contactor (Power factor is PF) is only 0.277, and after application the present invention, PF rises to 0.682.
The accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the fundamental diagram of conventional AC contactor;
Fig. 2 is the functional-block diagram of embodiment 1;
Fig. 3 is the circuit theory diagrams of embodiment 1;
Fig. 4 is the AC voltage oscillogram;
Fig. 5 is the working state figure of embodiment 1 in t2～t3 time domain:
Fig. 6 is the working state figure of embodiment 1 when t=th:
Fig. 7 is the working state figure of embodiment 1 when t=t3:
Fig. 8 is the working state figure of embodiment 1 in t3～t4 time domain:
Fig. 9 is the working state figure of embodiment 1 when t=t4:
Figure 10 is the working state figure of embodiment 1 in t5～t6 time domain:
Figure 11 is the working state figure of embodiment 1 when t=t6:
Figure 12 is the working state figure of embodiment 1 in t6～t7 time domain
Figure 13 is the functional-block diagram of embodiment 2:
Figure 14 is the circuit theory diagrams of embodiment 2;
Figure 15 is the functional-block diagram of embodiment 3:
Figure 16 is the circuit theory diagrams of embodiment 3;
Figure 17 is the functional-block diagram of embodiment 4:
Figure 18 is the circuit theory diagrams of embodiment 4.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, embodiments of the present invention are described.
Fig. 2 is the functional-block diagram of embodiment 1 that is provided with the present invention on anti lightning road, and Fig. 3 is the circuit theory diagrams of embodiment 1.In Fig. 2, Fig. 3: L is the magnet exciting coil in the conventional AC contactor, and A1, A2 are its two connectivity ports; Dashed rectangle 100 means additional electron of the present invention unit, and it is that to have two inputs be that N1 is four port networks that P1 and P2 hold with N2 end, two outputs; In described additional electron unit 100 101 is that pressuring controling switch circuit, 102 is that accumulator, 103 is the anti lightning road.
In conjunction with Fig. 2; A kind of multifunction electric subtype A.C. contactor, comprise additional electron unit 100 and conventional AC contactor two parts that formed by break contact DD, make contact DH, moving iron core M, static iron core G, back-moving spring F, magnet exciting coil L, it is characterized in that: there are N1, N2, P1, tetra-ports of P2 in described additional electron unit 100, is four port networks; Port N1, N2 are two input port, and P1, P2 are two output port; Its theory structure and connected mode are: described additional electron unit 100 is comprised of N1 end, pressuring controling switch circuit 101, P1 end, accumulator 102, P2 end, common port E end, N2 end and anti lightning road 103; One of described pressuring controling switch circuit 101 termination N1 end, another termination P1 end; One of described accumulator 102 termination P1 end, another termination P2 end; One of described anti lightning road 103 termination N1 end, another termination N2 end; Described P2 end, N2 end all are connected with common port E end; Input port N1, N2 are connected with S1, the S2 end of AC voltage respectively, and output port P1, P2 are connected with A1, the A2 end of magnet exciting coil L respectively.
Described additional electron unit 100 is combined by described mode with the conventional AC contactor, can form novel " multifunction electric gives the type A.C. contactor ".
Again in conjunction with Fig. 2, Fig. 3: described pressuring controling switch circuit 101 by ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1 form, accumulator 102 by capacitor C form, anti lightning road 103 is comprised of ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS2.
The circuit structure of the present embodiment 1 is: described additional electron unit 100 is comprised of N1 end, ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1, P1 end, capacitor C, P2 end, common port E end, N2 end and ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS2; One of described ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1 termination N1 end, another termination P1 end; One of described capacitor C termination P1 end, other end P2 end; One of described ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS2 termination N1 end, another termination N2 end; P2, N2 all connect common port E end;
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, set forth the course of work of the present embodiment 1:
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art: the ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS2 in anti lightning road 103 is before thunder and lightning arrives N1, N2 end, and it is in open-circuit condition, and therefore, when setting forth the course of work of the present embodiment 1, visual its " do not exist ".
In conjunction with Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4: from the mathematic(al) representation of the AC voltage of S1, S2 end input be:
u＝Umsin（2πft＋φ）
In following formula: u is the instantaneous value of AC voltage, and Um is the amplitude of AC voltage, and f is the frequency of AC voltage, and φ is the initial phase angle of AC voltage.
For concise explanation, now suppose initial phase angle φ=0, the expression formula of the instantaneous value u of AC voltage is:
u＝Umsin2πft
Its waveform as shown in Figure 4.In figure: t means the time.
During t=t1, AC voltage is connected, and now, before the connection of AC voltage, capacitor C and magnet exciting coil L electric discharge all finish, therefore the voltage at capacitor C two ends (being the output voltage of additional electron unit 100) UC=0; At this t=t1 constantly, the instantaneous value of AC voltage:
u1＝Umsin2πft1＜UT1
In following formula, UT1 is the puncture voltage (being threshold voltage hereinafter referred to as this puncture voltage UT1) of ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1.
Because u1=Umsin2 π ft1<ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1 of UT1 event is equivalent to open circuit, the output voltage U C=0 of additional electron unit 100, not adhesive of A.C. contactor.
In conjunction with Fig. 1, the professional and technical personnel should be clear: if it is upper that the instantaneous value u1=Umsin2 π ft1 of t=t1 AC voltage constantly directly is applied to the magnet exciting coil L of conventional AC contactor, may produce one of following bad phenomenon:
1, the value of u1 is too low, and its magnetic force produced is less than the elastic force of back-moving spring F, A.C. contactor power consumption in vain and not adhesive;
2, the value of u1 is large not, and its magnetic force produced only is slightly larger than the elastic force of back-moving spring F, the adhesive of the inadequate and slow ground of A.C. contactor, and its contact is because of the long scaling loss that subjects to of sparking time.
Above-mentioned phenomenon is one of shortcoming of conventional AC contactor.
In conjunction with Fig. 3, Fig. 4: during t=t2, the instantaneous value of AC voltage:
u2＝Umsin2πft2＞UT1
Ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1 punctures conducting, is equivalent to short circuit.Again in conjunction with Fig. 3, Fig. 4, Fig. 5, because ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1 punctures conducting, the charging current i23 that AC voltage just provides, capacitor C, magnet exciting coil L just obtain respectively the charging current of ic23, iL23.
In conjunction with Fig. 4, Fig. 6, during to t=th, the charging current that AC voltage provides is Ih, and capacitor C, magnet exciting coil L obtain respectively the charging current of Ich, ILh.
Uch＝uh＝Umsin2πfth
In following formula, Uch means the output voltage of additional electron unit 100 when t=th.
During t=th, AC voltage has ordered about magnet exciting coil L, and to have obtained enough strong charging current be exciting current ILh, under enough effects large, the enough enough large adhesive power that produces of strong Uch, ILh, just powerful adhesive enter the sticking state of A.C. contactor.
Analyze so far, can reach a conclusion: the random AC voltage of connecting in 100 pairs of additional electron unit has the function of automatic discriminating: when the instantaneous value u=Umsin2 of AC voltage π ft<UT1(is threshold voltage) time, the voltage U C=0 of described additional electron unit 100 outputs, not adhesive of A.C. contactor; When the instantaneous value u=Umsin2 of AC voltage π ft>UT1, ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1 puncture adhesive power that conducting, AC voltage provide when enough large, just powerful adhesive of A.C. contactor.
In brief: the random AC voltage of connecting in 100 pairs of additional electron unit has the function of automatic discriminating: when the instantaneous value of AC voltage is less than threshold voltage UT1, and not adhesive of A.C. contactor; Otherwise, when the instantaneous value of AC voltage is greater than threshold voltage UT1, its adhesive power provided when enough large, just powerful adhesive of A.C. contactor.
Therefore, as long as select the sufficiently high ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1 of UT1, can guarantee that the A.C. contactor adhesive is strong and powerful.
Be provided with threshold voltage, can guarantee that the A.C. contactor adhesive is strong and powerful, clear, sucting speed is fast.The characteristics of quick pick-up of the present invention, can reduce contact electric arc, prevent that contact from burning inefficacy, to the protection contact, extend the A.C. contactor life-span and have important effect, be the important function of the present invention, be also one of significant advantage of the present invention.
In conjunction with Fig. 4, Fig. 7, during t=t3, AC voltage is in the S1 end and is low level positive half cycle for high level, S2 end again, and namely the S1 end is negative terminal for anode, S2 end, and its instantaneous value is u3=Umsin2 π ft3;
The voltage at capacitor C two ends is charged to UC3, and the voltage at ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1 two ends is that u3-UC3=Umsin2 π ft3-UC3<UT1 makes its shutoff, it is equivalent to open circuit.
Again in conjunction with Fig. 4, Fig. 8, in the time domain of t3～t4:
Because ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1 turn-offs, it is equivalent to open circuit, therefore, be equivalent to additional electron unit 100 and disconnect with AC voltage;
Before AC voltage disconnected, capacitor C and magnet exciting coil L all contained electric energy;
Energy is released in the capacitor C electric discharge, and its discharging current is ic34; Because the electric current on magnet exciting coil L can not suddenly change, therefore it be take electric current and is iL34 " afterflow "; Both numerical value of freewheel current iL34 of the discharging current ic34 of capacitor C, magnet exciting coil L equate, the direction complementation, and A.C. contactor discharges and continues to keep the sticking state with capacitor C and magnet exciting coil L complementation.
In other words: in the time domain that ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1 turn-offs, A.C. contactor relies on the electric energy of capacitor C and magnet exciting coil L storage and maintains the sticking state.
In conjunction with Fig. 4, Fig. 9, during t=t4:
AC voltage is in the S2 end and is low level negative half period for high level, S1 end, and namely the S2 end is negative terminal for anode, S1 end, and its instantaneous value is u4=Umsin2 π ft4;
As previously mentioned, in the time domain of the t3～t4 of t=t4 before the moment, capacitor C is discharged to magnet exciting coil L, while being discharged to t=t4, because the voltage on electric capacity can not suddenly change, thus capacitor C remain P1 end for just, the P2 end for negative voltage U c4(herein, claim that voltage U c4 is " residual voltage ");
Now, the voltage at ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1 two ends is:
Uc4＋u4＝Uc4＋Umsin2πft4＞UT1
Ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1 punctures conducting, is equivalent to short circuit; AC voltage is again to the capacitor C charging, and charging current is ic45a;
Set forth so far, in conjunction with Fig. 4, it is again emphasized that: AC voltage by just half circumferentially " zero crossing " of negative half period transition be the t=t10 point t3～t4 time domain in, AC voltage be zero but capacitor C remain the P1 end for just, the voltage of P2 end for bearing.
Near t=t4 constantly in, the freewheel current of magnet exciting coil L is iL45, because the electric current on inductance can not suddenly change, therefore t=t4 constantly after, it is still by former direction afterflow.According to the polarity of AC voltage now, the charging current i45 of AC Voltage-output can not provide this afterflow iL45, and now the residual voltage Uc4 on capacitor C just in time can provide described afterflow iL45, therefore the residual voltage Uc4 on capacitor C is not by the path of TVS1-N1-S1-S2, not namely by the electric discharge of AC voltage (if so, power factor will descend) but, by the path of P1-L-P2, with discharging current ic45b=iL45 and the complementary electric discharge of magnet exciting coil L, make magnetic coil L keep " afterflow ".This is the major reason of power factor of the present invention far above the power factor of conventional AC contactor.Power factor is high, is the important function of the present invention, is also one of significant advantage of the present invention.
During to t=t5, " afterflow " current i L45 of magnet exciting coil L progressively is down to zero, and the present invention enters the represented state of Figure 10: the charging current i56 that AC voltage provides, capacitor C, magnet exciting coil L obtain respectively the charging current of ic56, iL56.
In conjunction with Fig. 4, Figure 11, during t=t6, AC voltage is in the S1 end and is the negative half period of high level for low level, S2 end, and namely the S1 end is anode for negative terminal, S2 end, and its instantaneous value is u6=Umsin2 π ft6; The voltage at capacitor C two ends is charged to UC6, and the voltage at ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1 two ends is:
U6-UC6=Umsin2 π ft6-UC6<UT1 and make its shutoff, it is equivalent to open circuit.
In conjunction with Fig. 4, Figure 12, in the time domain of t6～t7: because ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1 turn-offs, it is equivalent to open circuit, therefore, be equivalent to additional electron unit 100 and disconnect with AC voltage;
Before AC voltage disconnected, capacitor C and magnet exciting coil L all contained electric energy;
Energy is released in the capacitor C electric discharge, and its discharging current is ic67; Because the electric current on magnet exciting coil L can not suddenly change, therefore it be take electric current and is iL67 " afterflow "; Both numerical value of freewheel current iL67 of the discharging current ic67 of capacitor C, magnet exciting coil L equate, the direction complementation, and A.C. contactor discharges and continues to keep the sticking state with capacitor C and magnet exciting coil L complementation.
Set forth so far, in conjunction with Fig. 4, Figure 12, it is again emphasized that: at AC voltage, to " zero crossing " of positive half cycle transition, be the t=t20 point t6～t7 time domain in by negative half period, AC voltage is zero but capacitor C remains the P1 end for negative, P2 end, is positive voltage.
During to t=t7, the voltage at ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1 two ends is greater than its threshold voltage UT1, and it punctures again conducting, and capacitor C and magnet exciting coil enter again the state of charging energy-storing.So repetitive cycling, can guarantee that A.C. contactor keeps stable sticking state.
The check analysis of the present embodiment and conventional AC contactor:
One, adhesive
The present embodiment has selected to have the ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode of suitable threshold voltage UT1
TVS1, on capacitor C voltage enough the magnetic force that produces of high, magnet exciting coil L enough strong, while being enough to forcefully rapidly pull-core, the powerful adhesive of the present embodiment.
Front already described, this function of the present embodiment is epochmaking, and the insider is all known: the iron core adhesive is more simply quicker, and the time that contact draws arc discharge, just possibility shorter, that contact is burnt was just less, and the useful life of A.C. contactor is just more permanent.This function is especially aobvious precious to high-power higher-priced A.C. contactor.
The conventional AC contactor is quite different, and its voltage of AC to random connection is without the function of differentiating, entirely with " fortune ".Lucky, AC voltage is at u=Umsin(ω t+ φ)=adhesive forcefully connected during Um; Most time is " unlucky ".If be used to the absolute value of the minimum exciting voltage that overcomes back-moving spring elastic force (be the absolute value) Wei ∣ u ∣=∣ Umsin(ω t+ φ) ∣=U0 of minimum pick-up voltage:
(1) if connect when the Shun of AC voltage Shi Zhi ∣ u ∣=∣ Umsin(ω t+ φ) ∣=U0, it is with regard to adhesive reluctantly and feebly;
(2) if connect when the Shun of AC voltage Shi Zhi ∣ u ∣=∣ Umsin(ω t+ φ) ∣<U0, it is with regard to power consumption in vain and can not adhesive, and power consumption always rises to ∣ u ∣=∣ Umsin(ω t+ φ to the instantaneous value of AC voltage) just adhesive reluctantly and feebly during ∣=U0.
One of reason that the contact of Here it is the especially high-power higher-priced conventional AC contactor of conventional AC contactor often burns out, be also that the power consumption of conventional AC contactor is high, one of the reason of temperature rise.
Two, noise
The conventional AC contactor is in the sticking stage, be input in magnet exciting coil AC voltage " zero passage " (AC voltage by just half circumferentially negative half period or negative half period to " zero crossing " of positive half cycle transition) time, Dian Ya ∣ u ∣=∣ Umsin(ω t+ φ) ∣<U0 during near zero point Shun, the magnetic force that magnet exciting coil produces is less than the elastic force of back-moving spring, moving iron core will leave static iron core, but when it has just left a very little segment distance, the instantaneous value u of AC voltage has been Shanged and has been Shenged Wei ∣ u ∣=∣ Umsin(ω t+ φ) ∣>U0, so the moving iron core left is retracted by magnetic force again, moving, static iron core is adhesive again.In this process, it is the 100Hz(50Hz alternating current that the silicon steel sheet in dynamic and static iron core can produce frequency) or the 120Hz(60Hz alternating current) mechanical vibration noise.
Front already described, the present embodiment is when AC voltage " zero passage ", and capacitor C remains certain voltage, and the complementary electric discharge of this voltage and magnet exciting coil L can guarantee that A.C. contactor keeps stable sticking state.Therefore there do not is above-mentioned mechanical vibration noise.The quiet operation without making an uproar of the experimental prototype of the present embodiment has proved the correctness of above-mentioned analysis.The noise elimination operation is one of function of the present invention.
Three, power consumption
1, the conventional AC contactor all is connected with AC voltage (or claiming the energising of full-time territory) at the sticking state, and the holding power that AC voltage provides is excessive, has caused waste of energy and has caused A.C. contactor unnecessary heating up;
2, in the present embodiment, AC voltage is only in the local time domain of ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1 short circuit conducting, for example the time domain (being that the angle of flow is the time domain of Q2) of the time domain of t2～t3 (being that the angle of flow is the time domain of Q1), t4～t6 is to capacitor C and magnet exciting coil L charging energy-storing, therefore, power consumption is much smaller than the conventional AC contactor.Saves energy is the most important function of the present invention.
Four, power factor (PF)
The magnet exciting coil of conventional AC contactor is perceptual device, and power factor (PF) must be low.
The present embodiment is at the two ends of magnet exciting coil L and connect capacitor C, and the magnet exciting coil L of perception and the capacitor C of capacitive compensate mutually, and power factor (PF) must improve.
Power factor (PF) is high, is also one of function of the present invention.
Below, set forth the anti-thunder course of work of the present embodiment:
In conjunction with Fig. 2, Fig. 3, anti lightning road 103 and the AC voltage of the present embodiment are in parallel, the input N1 end of one termination additional electron unit 100, and other end attachment adds the input N2 end of electronic unit 100; It consists of ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS2, and feature is: before thunder and lightning arrived described N1, N2 end, it was in open-circuit condition; When thunder and lightning arrives the puncture voltage UT2 of N1, N2 end and lightning voltage>ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS2, its short circuit conducting.
Thunder and lightning arrives N1, N2 end, and when causing ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS2 short circuit conducting, ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1 is inevitable short circuit conducting also.So, the present invention just can receive following anti-thunder effect;
1, due to the short circuit conducting of described TVS1, TVS2, cause: the output voltage U C=0 of additional electron unit 100, A.C. contactor just " reset ", and the electrical equipment that controlled by A.C. contactor just is disconnected AC voltage, these electrical equipment just have been subject to " anti-thunder " of the present invention protection;
2, due to the short circuit conducting of described TVS2, cause: upper level distribution facility (for example air switch) excess load tripping operation is subjected to electrical appliance in zone that this distribution facility controls also will be subject to " anti-thunder " of the present invention and protects.
" anti-thunder " is one of function of the present invention.
Figure 13 is that functional-block diagram, Figure 14 of being provided with the embodiment 2 on anti lightning road are the circuit theory diagrams of embodiment 2.
In conjunction with Figure 13: the theory structure of the present embodiment 2 is: a kind of multifunction electric subtype A.C. contactor, comprise additional electron unit 100 and conventional AC contactor two parts that formed by break contact DD, make contact DH, moving iron core M, static iron core G, back-moving spring F, magnet exciting coil L, it is characterized in that: there are N1, N2, P1, tetra-ports of P2 in described additional electron unit 100, is four port networks; Port N1, N2 are two input port, and P1, P2 are two output port; Its structure and connected mode are: described additional electron unit 100 is comprised of N1 end, common port E, P1 end, accumulator 102, P2 end, pressuring controling switch circuit 101, N2 end and anti lightning road 103; Described P1 end, N1 end all are connected with common port E end; One of described accumulator 102 termination P1 end, another termination P2 end; One of described pressuring controling switch circuit 101 termination P2 end, another termination N2 end; One of described anti lightning road 103 termination N1 end, another termination N2 end; Input port N1, N2 are connected with S1, the S2 end of AC voltage respectively, and output port P1, P2 are connected with A1, the A2 end of magnet exciting coil L respectively.
Again in conjunction with Figure 13, Figure 14: described pressuring controling switch circuit 101 by ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1 form, accumulator 102 by capacitor C form, anti lightning road 103 is comprised of ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS2.
The circuit structure of the present embodiment 2 is: described additional electron unit is comprised of N1 end, common port E end, P1 end, capacitor C, P2 end, ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1, N2 end and ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS2; Described N1, P1 end all connects common port E end; One of described capacitor C termination P1 end, another termination P2 end; One of described ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1 termination P2 end, another termination N2 end; One of described ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS2 termination N1 end, another termination N2 end;
With the circuit structure of embodiment 1, compare, although change has been done in the position of ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1 in the present embodiment 2, the operation principle of the present embodiment 2, the course of work are still identical with embodiment 1, no longer repeat herein.
It will be apparent to those skilled in the art: in the occasion that does not need " anti-thunder ", anti lightning road 103 can be omitted; Omit the later the present invention in anti lightning road 103, operation principle, the course of work are all identical with embodiment 1.
In other words: anti lightning road 103 is the circuit of non-indispensability in the present invention, omits described anti lightning road 103, and the present invention still possesses the function of economize on electricity noise elimination and quick pick-up.
Figure 15 is the functional-block diagram of embodiment 3, it has omitted anti lightning road 103, theory structure is: a kind of multifunction electric subtype A.C. contactor, comprise additional electron unit 100 and conventional AC contactor two parts that formed by break contact DD, make contact DH, moving iron core M, static iron core G, back-moving spring F, magnet exciting coil L, it is characterized in that: there are N1, N2, P1, tetra-ports of P2 in described additional electron unit 100, is four port networks; Port N1, N2 are two input port, and P1, P2 are two output port; Its structure and connected mode are: described additional electron unit 100 is comprised of N1 end, common port E end, P1 end, accumulator 102, P2 end, pressuring controling switch circuit 101 and N2 end; Described P1 end, N1 end all are connected with common port E end; One of described accumulator 102 termination P1 end, another termination P2 end; One of described pressuring controling switch circuit 101 termination P2 end, another termination N2 end; Input port N1, N2 are connected with S1, the S2 end of AC voltage respectively, and output port P1, P2 are connected with A1, the A2 end of magnet exciting coil L respectively.
In conjunction with Figure 16, the circuit structure of the present embodiment 3 is: N1 end, common port E end, P1 end, capacitor C, P2 end, ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1, N2 end are in series successively and namely form described additional electron unit 100;
The present embodiment 3 is that embodiment 1 omits the new embodiment redesigned after anti lightning road 103, and its operation principle, the course of work and the various functions except anti-thunder function are all identical with embodiment 1, no longer repeat herein.
Figure 17 is the functional-block diagram of embodiment 4, it has also omitted anti lightning road 103, theory structure is: a kind of multifunction electric subtype A.C. contactor, comprise additional electron unit 100 and conventional AC contactor two parts that formed by break contact DD, make contact DH, moving iron core M, static iron core G, back-moving spring F, magnet exciting coil L, it is characterized in that: there are N1, N2, P1, tetra-ports of P2 in described additional electron unit 100, is four port networks; Port N1, N2 are two input port, and P1, P2 are two output port; Its structure and connected mode are: described additional electron unit 100 is comprised of N1 end, pressuring controling switch circuit 101, P1 end, accumulator 102, P2 end, common port E end and N2 end; One of described pressuring controling switch circuit 101 termination N1 end, another termination P1 end; One of described accumulator 102 termination P1 end, another termination P2 end; Described P2 end, N2 end all are connected with common port E end; Input port N1, N2 are connected with S1, the S2 end of AC voltage respectively, and output port P1, P2 are connected with A1, the A2 end of magnet exciting coil L respectively.
In conjunction with Figure 18, the circuit structure of the present embodiment 4 is: described additional electron unit is in series and forms successively by N1 end, ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode TVS1, P1 end, capacitor C, P2 end, common port E end, N2 end.
The present embodiment 4 is that embodiment 1 omits another the new embodiment redesigned after anti lightning road 103, and its operation principle, the course of work and the various functions except anti-thunder function are all identical with embodiment 1, no longer repeat herein.
The present invention is illustrated by above-described embodiment, but should be understood that, above-described embodiment is the purpose for giving an example and illustrating just, but not is intended to the present invention is limited in described scope of embodiments.It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that in addition the present invention is not limited to above-described embodiment, can also make more kinds of variants and modifications according to instruction of the present invention, these variants and modifications all drop in the present invention's scope required for protection.Protection scope of the present invention is defined by the appended claims and equivalent scope thereof.
Claims (2)
1. multifunction electric subtype A.C. contactor, comprise additional electron unit and conventional AC contactor two parts, wherein, the conventional AC contactor is comprised of break contact (DD), make contact (DH), moving iron core (M), static iron core (G), back-moving spring (F), magnet exciting coil (L), and it is characterized in that: described additional electron unit comprises first input end (N1), the second input (N2), the first output (P1), the second output (N2) and common port (E); Wherein, first input end (N1) connects an end of pressuring controling switch circuit, the other end of pressuring controling switch circuit connects an end of the first output (P1) and accumulator (C), the other end of accumulator (C), the second input (N2), the second output (P2) and common port (E) common-battery position;
Wherein, first input end (N1), the second input (N2) also are connected with first end (S1), second end (S2) of AC voltage respectively, and the first output port (P1), the second output (P2) also are connected with first end (A1), the second end (A2) end of magnet exciting coil (L) respectively.
2. multifunction electric subtype A.C. contactor as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that:
Wherein, described pressuring controling switch circuit for example consists of ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode (TVS1), accumulator for example consists of electric capacity (C), wherein an end of first input end (N1), ambipolar transient voltage suppressor diode (TVS1), the first output (P1), electric capacity (C) is connected successively, and the other end of electric capacity (C) is connected with the second input (N2), the second output (P2) and common port (E).
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| CN201310354698.2A CN103413728B (en) | 2013-08-14 | 2013-08-14 | Multifunction electric subtype A.C. contactor |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103474293A (en) * | 2013-09-16 | 2013-12-25 | 宁波市镇海华泰电器厂 | Electronic type power-saving alternating current contactor |
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| JP3781584B2 (en) * | 1999-06-25 | 2006-05-31 | 株式会社神戸製鋼所 | Control device for hybrid construction machine |
| CN202231682U (en) * | 2011-09-26 | 2012-05-23 | 宁波市镇海华泰电器厂 | Household automatic power switch |
| CN102543579A (en) * | 2012-02-08 | 2012-07-04 | 宁波市镇海华泰电器厂 | Power-saving and silencing alternating-current contactor |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN103474293A (en) * | 2013-09-16 | 2013-12-25 | 宁波市镇海华泰电器厂 | Electronic type power-saving alternating current contactor |
| CN103474293B (en) * | 2013-09-16 | 2015-04-22 | 宁波市镇海华泰电器厂 | Electronic type power-saving alternating current contactor |
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Inventor after: Huang Yanju Inventor after: Zhao Yong Inventor after: Li Xiaoning Inventor after: Yu Rui Inventor after: Jiao Min Inventor after: Liu Tao Inventor after: Du Wei Inventor after: Li Jianjie Inventor after: Zhou Bin Inventor after: Liu Jiang Inventor after: Zhang Shaojing Inventor after: Lv Yongquan Inventor after: Cao Yuan Inventor after: Yan Zhiwei Inventor after: Meng Bo Inventor after: Gai Pengyu Inventor after: Liu Yuhua Inventor after: Zheng Xiaoyang Inventor after: Liu Jie Inventor after: Wang Jingang Inventor after: Shang Zhen Inventor after: He Xiangyong Inventor after: Luo Xiaoming Inventor after: Liu Jia Inventor after: Ren Yi Inventor after: Cao Weilong Inventor before: Wang Mengjin |
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Effective date of registration: 20150928 Address after: 100031 Xicheng District West Chang'an Avenue, No. 86, Beijing Applicant after: State Grid Corporation of China Applicant after: BINZHOU POWER SUPPLY COMPANY, STATE GRID SHANDONG ELECTRIC POWER CO., LTD. Applicant after: SHANDONG BINZHOU DONGLI ELECTRIC CO., LTD. Address before: 315200 Zhejiang province Zhenhai District of Ningbo City Jiao Chuan Ying Shi Qiao Zhu No. 74 Applicant before: Ningbo Zhenhai Huatai Electric Factory |
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