CN203429918U - Vegetation model structure of roof greening - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a roof greening vegetation model structure, which comprises from bottom to top: a polyurea resin waterproof layer (5) sprayed on the original roof structure layer (6), a cushion layer ( 4), build a brick wall (2) with a height of 180-250mm above the cushion layer (4); the waterproof layer is to use high temperature and high pressure to directly spray polyurea resin on the roof structure layer with a thickness of not less than 2mm; The surface of the planting base is 20 mm to facilitate rainwater injection into the water tank; the blind holes in the planting base are filled with nutrient soil or the entire planting base is covered with nutrient soil and plants are planted. In this way, the planting base, the overhead layer with the function of water tank, and the filter layer interact to create a long-term stable plant growth environment like the land. This model can ensure the normal growth of plants under natural phenological conditions and fully Use natural resources such as rain and snow water.

Description

A Vegetation Model Structure of Roof Greening

technical field

The utility model relates to a vegetation model structure for roof greening, which belongs to the technical field of roof greening or sky gardens. the

Background technique

At present, my country's roof greening is still in the primary stage of development. Even in economically developed Shanghai, the city's green roof area only accounted for 0.19% of green roofs in 2010, which is different from the roof greening rate of 15%-30% in developed countries. Very far, and the form of roof gardens in my country is relatively simple. Due to the high cost of existing roof greening, for example, the cost of building an extensive green roof is 200 yuan/m ² -300 yuan/m ² , so there are relatively few roof gardens for the purpose of improving urban greening rate and energy saving and emission reduction .

The structure of a green roof generally consists of a structural layer, a waterproof layer, a drainage layer, a planting layer and vegetation on it. The planting methods of existing roof greening plants mainly adopt the methods of soil replacement and artificial maintenance. Although it is simple and easy to implement, the process is complicated, the additional load on the floor is large, and the daily maintenance cost is high. For example, frequent watering is required; there are also safety hazards such as the life of the waterproof layer cannot be synchronized with the structure, resulting in leakage, which brings great harm to later maintenance. difficulty. the

Utility model content

The technical problem solved by the utility model is to provide a vegetation model structure for roof greening aiming at the deficiencies of the prior art. the

The technical scheme adopted in the utility model is:

A vegetation model structure for roof greening, comprising from bottom to top: a polyurea resin waterproof layer (5) sprayed on the original roof structure layer (6), a cushion layer (4) laid on the waterproof layer (5), a masonry A brick wall (2) with a height of 180-250mm above the cushion (4); a gap (7) with a width of 50mm is vacated every 2500mm in the brick wall (2), and prefabricated bamboo reinforcement shale and ceramsite porous concrete The components are tightly placed on the brick wall (2) and bonded successively to serve as the planting base (1); a blind hole (9) with a diameter of 100 mm is reserved on the bamboo-reinforced shale ceramsite porous concrete component, and the bamboo-reinforced shale pottery Two semicircular air diffusers (8) with a diameter of 10mm-20mm are reserved on each side of the granular porous concrete member; the space between the planting base (1) and the cushion (4) is an overhead layer (3). the

The waterproof layer is directly sprayed on the roof structure layer with a thickness of not less than 2mm polyurea resin by using high temperature and high pressure (the surroundings of the parapet and other auxiliary structures need to be sprayed to prevent water and moisture); the height of the outlet of the downpipe is 20mm from the surface of the planting base to facilitate rainwater Fill the water tank; fill the blind holes in the planting base with nutrient soil or cover the entire planting base with nutrient soil and plant plants. In this way, the planting base, the overhead layer with the function of water tank, and the filter layer interact to create a long-term stable plant growth environment like the land. This model can ensure the normal growth of plants under natural phenological conditions and fully Use natural resources such as rain and snow water. the

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is the utility model bamboo reinforcement shale ceramsite porous concrete structural representation;

1. Planting base, 2. Brick wall, 3. Elevated layer, 4. Cushion layer, 5. Waterproof layer, 6. Original roof structure layer, 7. Gap, 8. Diffuser hole, 9. Blind hole;

Detailed ways

Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the utility model is described in detail. the

As shown in Figure 1, the roof greening vegetation model structure of the utility model is to spray waterproof layer 5 at original roof structure layer 6 (waterproof layer is to utilize high temperature and high pressure to directly spray on the roof structure layer and be thick to be not less than 2mm polyurea resin, parapet, The surroundings of other auxiliary structures need to be sprayed to prevent water and moisture from damaging the roof; on the waterproof layer 5, lay a cushion 4 of shale ceramsite porous concrete with a thickness of 50mm, which has the functions of water storage and filtration; Build a brick wall 2 with a height of 180-250 mm on the cushion layer 4 along the short side of the roof, as a support for the planting base 1, and leave a gap of 50 mm wide every 2500 mm in the brick wall to ensure water circulation. Place the prefabricated bamboo-reinforced shale ceramsite porous concrete components (380mm in length, 380mm in width, and 200mm in height (the specific length and width can be adjusted)) tightly on the brick wall 2 in sequence, and use M5.0 shale pottery Sand building mortar bonded as planting base 1. A blind hole 9 with a diameter of 100mm is reserved on the component (the upper part of the blind hole is a cylinder with a height of 140mm, and the lower part is a cone with a height of 20mm), which can be filled with enough nutrient soil to provide the nutrients needed for plant growth; Simultaneously, this blind hole 9 makes it easier for the root system of the plant to penetrate the base layer to absorb water; 2 semicircular air diffuser holes 8 with a diameter of 10mm-20mm are reserved on each side of the component, which can drain and drain water into the water tank as soon as possible when it rains. Prevent the water vapor generated by the high temperature of the water tank in summer from causing the plants to burn, and promote the air circulation of the water tank. The space between the planting base layer 1 and the cushion layer 4 is the overhead layer 3, which can store water and nutrients needed for plant growth. The parapet of the original structure has drainage holes with a diameter of 50mm (the above size can be adjusted), and the excess rainwater is drained to the ground through the downspout to prevent the plants from being submerged in water for too long and causing death. the

The matching ratio of bamboo-reinforced shale ceramsite porous concrete components is shown in Table 1:

Table 1 Mix ratio of different grades of shale ceramsite concrete

The calculation of prefabricated component reinforcement is as follows:

Calculated by one-way board:

Dead load: 200 thick reinforced concrete slab 0.2x25=5kN/m ²

20 thick cement mortar 0.02x20=0.4kN/m ²

1.5m of clay, very wet, compacted 1.5x20=30kN/m ²

Live load: roof garden 3kN/m ²

Upper roof 2kN/m ²

∑ load=1.2x(5+0.4+30)+1.3x(3+2)=48.98kN/m ²

Calculation span L ₀ =(0.75-0.12x2)+0.12／2=0.57m

Bending moment M=1／8x48.98x0.572=1.99kN.m

The protective layer is taken as 30mm, and the effective height of the board h ₀ =200-30=170mm

Concrete strength grade is C20, f _c =9.6mm ²

Bamboo reinforcement f _y =140N/mm ² , f _t =114.3N/mm ²

Take the 1m plate width and calculate it as follows:

α _s =M/f _c bh ² =1.99x10 ⁶ ／9.6x1000x170 ² =7.17x10 ^-3

ξ=1-(1-2α _s ) ^1/2 =0.0072＜ξ _b =0.518

A _s =0.0072x1000x170x14.3／140=125.02mm ²

The cross-section size of the bamboo reinforcement is 11 6mmx12mm, and the spacing is 100 (A _s =792mm ² ) (Note: The actual spacing is about 90mm except the protective layer)

The minimum reinforcement ratio ρ=A _s /bh=792/1000x200=0.396%>0.2% and 0.45f _t /f _y =0.45x114.3/140=0.37 meet the requirements.

The cross-sectional size of distributed bamboo bars is 10 pieces of 6mmx12mm, and the spacing is 75 (Note: the actual spacing is about 70mm after removing the protective layer);

Because the concrete of this component is permeable concrete, the porosity is large, and the alkalinity of the concrete is low, so it is not suitable to use steel bars as reinforcement materials, otherwise the steel bars are easy to corrode, resulting in a decline in the later bearing capacity of the component. Bamboo tendons have good durability, do not corrode, and do not rot, so bamboo tendons are chosen as reinforcement materials. The use of high-porosity shale ceramsite concrete and bamboo bars as reinforcement materials is the main feature that distinguishes this design method from other similar component designs. the

The height of the overhead layer 3, the thickness of the planting base 1, the size of the blind holes 9 and the air-diffusing holes 8 can be adjusted as required. the

The porosity of the planting base of the roof greening of the utility model makes the utility model have the advantages of being porous, water-permeable, air-permeable, and synchronous with the structural life, and the structure is simple, easy to produce and construct; The utility model can make full use of rainwater and snow water to provide a considerable part of the water needed for plant growth and reduce maintenance costs; because it has sufficient strength and rigidity, no large deformation will occur; and it is light in weight, reducing the traditional The number of processes of the method is reduced, and the additional load applied to the roof is reduced. At the same time, there will be no soil erosion, and it will play a beneficial role in reducing the urban heat island effect and improving the greening rate in the sky. the

It should be understood that those skilled in the art can make improvements or changes based on the above description, such as adjusting the size of the relevant structure as needed, and all these improvements and changes should belong to the scope of protection of the appended claims of the present utility model . the

Claims (1)

1. a kind of vegetation model structure of roof greening, is characterized in that, comprises from bottom to top: the polyurea resin waterproof layer (5) that sprays on the original roof structure layer (6), the pad that is laid on the waterproof layer (5) Layer (4), a brick wall (2) with a height of 180-250mm on the cushion layer (4); a gap (7) with a width of 50mm is vacated every 2500mm in the brick wall (2), and the prefabricated bamboo reinforcement The shale ceramsite porous concrete components are placed tightly on the brick wall (2) in sequence and bonded as the planting base (1); the bamboo-reinforced shale ceramsite porous concrete components are reserved with blind holes (9) with a diameter of 100mm , reserve two semicircular air diffusers (8) with a diameter of 10m-20m on each side of the bamboo-reinforced shale ceramsite porous concrete member; the space between the planting base (1) and the cushion (4) is an overhead layer (3). the

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