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CN202161436U - 植骨填充金属颗粒体 - Google Patents

植骨填充金属颗粒体 Download PDF

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CN202161436U
CN202161436U CN2011202239150U CN201120223915U CN202161436U CN 202161436 U CN202161436 U CN 202161436U CN 2011202239150 U CN2011202239150 U CN 2011202239150U CN 201120223915 U CN201120223915 U CN 201120223915U CN 202161436 U CN202161436 U CN 202161436U
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bone
bone grafting
metallic particles
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filling metallic
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蔡宏
张卫平
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Beijing AK Medical Co Ltd
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Beijing AK Medical Co Ltd
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Priority to EP12804332.0A priority patent/EP2727559B1/en
Priority to PCT/CN2012/077255 priority patent/WO2013000373A1/zh
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Abstract

本实用新型涉及一种用于骨缺损填充的植骨填充金属颗粒体，该植骨填充金属颗粒体上设有容纳植入碎骨颗粒或骨泥的植骨孔，各个植骨孔之间相互贯通相连，颗粒体的外表面及植骨孔内表面分布有相互连通的微孔隙，手术时可根据需要将一定数量的植骨填充金属颗粒体与自体骨或异体骨的骨块、骨颗粒、骨泥混合搅拌用于骨缺损填充，以占位形式部分替代自体骨或异体骨填充物，患者康复过程中骨细胞与微细血管向植骨填充金属颗粒体内部长入，可以形成融合嵌入式的生物活性骨修复体。

Description

植骨填充金属颗粒体
技术领域
本实用新型涉及骨科手术植入体，特别是一种用于骨缺损填充的植骨填充金属颗粒体。
背景技术
在各种骨科切除治疗、人工关节置换、正畸手术等会遇到不同程度的骨缺损的问题，以往常规的解决方法是使用自体骨或异体骨的骨块、骨颗粒、骨泥等将缺损部位进行填充塑形，再植入相应的假体或固定用器械以完成手术，但由于自体骨来源有限，异体骨价格昂贵且有生物学方面的风险，因此并不是每一位需要进行骨缺损填充的患者都能够得到满意的治疗。
实用新型内容
本实用新型的目的是提供一种植骨填充金属颗粒体，手术时可根据需要将一定数量的植骨填充金属颗粒体与自体骨或异体骨的骨块、骨颗粒、骨泥混合搅拌用于骨缺损填充，以占位形式部分替代自体骨或异体骨填充物，患者康复过程中骨细胞与微细血管向植骨填充金属颗粒体内部长入，可以形成融合嵌入式的生物活性骨修复体。
为实现上述目的，本实用新型采取以下设计方案：
植骨填充金属颗粒体，其特征在于，该颗粒体形状为球体、圆柱体、多面体、螺旋体、网状体、以及前述各种形状体的组合体，该颗粒体外形尺寸为2～15mm，使用时将适当数量的植骨填充金属颗粒体与自体骨或异体骨的骨块、骨颗粒、骨泥混合搅拌后填充于骨缺损部位。
所述植骨填充金属颗粒体其特征在于，在植骨填充金属颗粒体上设有容纳植入碎骨颗粒或骨泥的植骨孔，植骨孔由植骨填充金属颗粒体的外表面向内延伸，植骨孔孔径1～10mm，各个植骨孔之间相互贯通相连。
所述植骨填充金属颗粒体其特征在于，该颗粒体的金属实体部分外表面及植骨孔内表面分布有相互连通的微孔隙，该微孔隙的孔径为50μm～900μm。
所述植骨填充金属颗粒体其特征在于它采用医用金属制成，所述医用金属包括钛及钛合金、钴合金、不锈钢以及钽金属、镁合金。
所述植骨填充金属颗粒体表面全部或局部具有羟基磷灰石涂层，该羟基磷灰石涂层有诱导骨细胞生长的功能。
所述植骨填充金属颗粒体的加工方法是：锻造、铸造、机械切削钻孔、放电加工成型等；其他的加工方法还包括采用激光或高能电子束快速成型技术、高温烧结、化学腐蚀、电化学沉积等技术，特别是激光或高能电子束快速成型技术、高温烧结、化学腐蚀、电化学沉积等技术除可以制作植骨填充金属颗粒体的金属实体外同时还能够在该实体表面及植骨孔内表面生成相互连通的微孔隙；羟基磷灰石涂层则通过高温喷涂或电化学沉积得到。
本实用新型的优点是：
1.本实用新型植骨填充金属颗粒体，该颗粒体形状为球体、圆柱体、多面体、螺旋体、网状体、以及前述各种形状体的组合体，该颗粒体外部尺寸为2～15mm，在使用时形状、大小和数量有多种选择，配以自体骨或异体骨的骨块、骨颗粒、骨泥混合搅拌后能有效填充并充盈于各种形状的骨缺损部位。
2.本实用新型植骨填充金属颗粒体，在该颗粒体上设有容纳植入碎骨颗粒或骨泥的植骨孔，植骨孔由植骨填充金属颗粒体外轮廓向内延伸，植骨孔孔径1～10mm，各个植骨孔之间相互贯通相连；植骨填充金属颗粒体的植入方法是：手术中医生根据需要选择适当数量、大小和形状的植骨填充金属颗粒体与患者自体或异体碎骨颗粒及骨泥混合搅拌成混合植入物，必要时将碎骨颗粒及骨泥直接植入植骨填充金属颗粒体的植骨孔，然后将搅拌好的混合植入物装填于骨缺损处加压捣实以获得填充体的初始稳定，术后恢复期时缺损周围的骨质与植骨填充金属颗粒体植骨孔内的骨泥、碎骨颗粒融合生长成一体后即可达到长久有效地防止该植骨填充金属颗粒体发生松动的作用。由于使用植骨填充金属颗粒体部分替代自体骨和异体骨，可大大降低患者的经济负担并一定程度上克服了获取自体骨和异体骨的数量上的困难与不足；患者自体碎骨颗粒及骨泥可以在手术中通过必要的截骨、钻骨、破碎等操作过程得到。
3.本实用新型植骨填充金属颗粒体，其特征在于，该颗粒体的金属实体部分外表面及植骨孔内表面分布有相互连通的微孔隙，该微孔隙与骨质紧密接触有利于骨细胞及血管的长入以获得长期稳定，该微孔隙的孔径为50μm～900μm，此种尺度的微孔隙有利于骨细胞与微细血管向植骨填充金属颗粒体内部爬行长入，可以形成融合嵌入式的生物活性骨修复体。
4.本实用新型植骨填充金属颗粒体，其特征在于，颗粒体表面全部或局部具有羟基磷灰石涂层，该羟基磷灰石涂层具有诱导骨细胞生长的功能。
5、本实用新型植骨填充金属颗粒体，其特征在于，颗粒体采用可用于植入人体的医用金属制成，包括钛及钛合金、钴合金、不锈钢以及钽金属、镁合金，此类金属材料的生物相容性已经得到国内外多年骨科植入应用的实践证实；所述植骨填充金属颗粒体的加工方法是：锻造、铸造、机械切削钻孔、放电加工成型等；其他的加工方法还包括采用激光或高能电子束快速成型技术、高温烧结、化学腐蚀、电化学沉积等技术，特别是激光或高能电子束快速成型技术、高温烧结、化学腐蚀、电化学沉积等技术除可以制作植骨填充金属颗粒体的金属实体外同时还能够在该实体表面及植骨空内表面生成相互连通的微孔隙；羟基磷灰石涂层则通过高温喷涂或电化学沉积得到；上述各种加工方法均已为金属加工行业公知的成熟技术，故本说明书中不做更多阐述。
附图说明
图1为本实用新型实施例球体结构示意图
图2为本实用新型实施例圆柱体结构示意图
图3为本实用新型实施例螺旋体结构示意图
图4为本实用新型实施例网状体结构示意图
图5为本实用新型实施例多面体结构示意图
图6、图7为本实用新型实施例各种形状体的组合体结构示意图
图8为本实用新型实施例微孔隙放大示意图
图9为本实用新型实施例填充于骨缺损部位示意图
具体实施方式
以下结合附图对本实用新型的具体实施做进一步详细说明。
如图1、图2、图3、图4、图5、图6、图7、所示，本实用新型植骨填充金属颗粒体(1)，其形状为球体、圆柱体、多面体、螺旋体、网状体、以及前述各种形状体的组合体，该颗粒体外部尺寸为2～15mm，在植骨填充金属颗粒体(1)上设有容纳植入碎骨颗粒或骨泥的植骨孔(2)，植骨孔(2)由植骨填充金属颗粒体(1)的外表面向内延伸，植骨孔(2)孔径1～10mm，各个植骨孔(2)之间相互贯通相连，如图8所示植骨填充金属颗粒体(1)金属实体部分的外表面及植骨孔(2)的内表面分布有相互连通的微孔隙(3)，该微孔隙(3)的孔径为50μm～900μm。
本实用新型植骨填充金属颗粒体(1)采用可用于植入人体的医用金属制成，包括钛及钛合金、钴合金、不锈钢以及钽金属、镁合金，其加工制作的方法是：锻造、铸造、机械切削钻孔、放电加工成型等；其他的加工方法还包括采用激光或高能电子束快速成型技术、高温烧结、化学腐蚀、电化学沉积等技术，微孔隙(3)可以由激光或高能电子束快速成型技术、高温烧结、化学腐蚀、电化学沉积等技术加工得到，羟基磷灰石涂层则通过高温喷涂或电化学沉积得到；所述各种加工方法均已为金属加工行业公知的成熟技术。
如图9所示本实用新型植骨填充金属颗粒体使用时医生可以根据需要选择适当大小和形状的植骨填充金属颗粒体(1)安置在骨缺损处并通过打压将其固定在骨床上以获得该植骨填充金属颗粒体(1)的早期稳定；植骨填充金属颗粒体(1)在适当位置设有容纳植骨碎骨颗粒或骨泥的植骨孔(2)用于填充自体或异体的碎骨颗粒，此外在金属实体部分的外表面及植骨孔(2)的内表面分布有相互连通的微孔隙(3)，手术植入后待到外部骨组织渗透长入微孔隙(3)并与植骨孔(2)中填充的碎骨颗粒或骨泥融合生长成一体后即可达到长久有效地防止该植骨填充金属颗粒体(1)发生松动的目的。

Claims (6)

1.一种植骨填充金属颗粒体，其特征在于，该植骨填充金属颗粒体(1)形状为球体、圆柱体、多面体、螺旋体、网状体、以及前述各种形状体的组合体，该植骨填充金属颗粒体(1)外形尺寸为2～15mm。
2.根据权利要求1所述的植骨填充金属颗粒体，其特征在于，在植骨填充金属颗粒体(1)上设有容纳植入碎骨颗粒或骨泥的植骨孔(2)，植骨孔(2)由植骨填充金属颗粒体(1)的外表面向内延伸，植骨孔(2)孔径1～10mm。
3.根据权利要求1和权利要求2所述的植骨填充金属颗粒体，其特征在于，各个植骨孔(2)之间相互贯通相连。
4.根据权利要求1和权利要求2所述的植骨填充金属颗粒体，其特征在于，该植骨填充金属颗粒体(1)的金属实体部分外表面及植骨孔(2)内表面分布有相互连通的微孔隙(3)，该微孔隙(3)的孔径为50μm～900μm。
5.根据权利要求1和权利要求2所述的植骨填充金属颗粒体，其特征在于，植骨填充金属颗粒体(1)外表面和植骨孔(2)的内表面具有羟基磷灰石涂层。
6.根据权利要求1所述的植骨填充金属颗粒体，其特征在于，该植骨填充金属颗粒体(1)采用医用金属制成，所述医用金属包括钛及钛合金、钴合金、不锈钢以及钽金属、镁合金。
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