CN201655967U - Ridge waveguide tube array antenna - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a ridged waveguide array antenna, this ridged waveguide array antenna include vertical polarization ridged waveguide array antenna and horizontal polarization ridged waveguide array antenna, include the waveguide body, this waveguide body has the axis of ordinates in a definition at least on one side, and this waveguide body be equipped with the first and second slotted hole of plural number on one side at least, and be equipped with ridged waveguide in this waveguide body on one side at least, this ridged waveguide contains relative and two ridge portion spaced apart, and ridge portion is to the axis of ordinates extension of waveguide body. The ridge waveguide array antenna can be applied to typical high power, and by matching the ridge waveguide with the first slot and the second slot, more consistent radiation field shapes can be obtained, and the effect of reducing the size of the antenna can be achieved.

Description

Ridge Waveguide Array Antenna

technical field

The utility model relates to a ridge waveguide array antenna.

Background technique

Generally, existing catheter array antennas can be at least divided into two types: vertical polarization and horizontal polarization. 1A is a vertically polarized waveguide array antenna 100, which includes a waveguide slot 110, so that the signal propagates along the waveguide slot 110 to the direction of the longitudinal axis 112 (i.e. the z-axis), and in the direction of the longitudinal axis 112 In the lateral length, the waveguide slot 110 mainly includes a width 113 (ie along the x-axis) and a height 114 (ie along the y-axis), and the low-frequency frequency of the waveguide array antenna 100 is determined by the width 113 . Generally speaking, the width 113 is usually 0.5λ wavelength length, wherein the waveguide slot 110 includes a plurality of edge slots 122, 124, each angle α is divided into positive and negative angles with respect to the height 114 axial direction, and the perpendicular The top of the polarized waveguide array antenna 100 has a cover 130 .

Please refer to FIG. 1B again. FIG. 1B shows the vertically polarized waveguide array antenna 100 in the field diagram of FIG. 1A. This field diagram includes an azimuth radiation field shape 152 and an elevation angle field shape 154. As shown in the figure, The azimuth field 152 shows an 8 dB change.

The horizontally polarized waveguide array antenna 200 is shown in Figure 2A, the signal of the waveguide slot 210 propagates along the waveguide body slot 210 to the longitudinal axis 212 (ie z-axis), and the horizontally polarized waveguide The low-frequency frequency of the array antenna 200 is defined by the size of the width 213, the general size is 0.5λ, and the waveguide slot 210 further includes several longitudinal slots 220, and each slot 220 is offset from the centerline longitudinal axis 212 The distance ±d is defined, the adjacent slots 220 are staggered along the center line, and there is a cover 230 on the top of the horizontally polarized waveguide array antenna 200 .

Fig. 2B shows the radiation pattern of the horizontally polarized waveguide array antenna 200 in Fig. 2A, and the field pattern includes an azimuth radiation pattern 252 and an elevation field pattern 254, as shown in the figure, the azimuth field pattern 252 shows 4dB variation.

The above-mentioned vertically polarized waveguide array antenna 100 and the horizontally polarized waveguide array antenna 200 have a great change in the range covered by the radiation field shape, that is to say, from the user's standpoint, the horizontal signal is within the covered range Therefore, when a high-power transmitter or a high-gain antenna transmits a level signal to each user, it will be limited due to the large amount of variation, although the general slot array antenna is suitable for high-power transmission and receive applications, but cannot deploy applications in areas that require uniform coverage.

Utility model content

The main purpose of the utility model is to disclose a ridge-shaped waveguide array antenna, so as to obtain a relatively consistent radiation field shape and reduce the volume of the antenna.

To achieve the above purpose, the ridged waveguide array antenna disclosed in the utility model includes a waveguide body, at least one side of the waveguide body defines a longitudinal axis, and at least one side of the waveguide body is provided with a plurality of first and The second slot, and at least one side of the waveguide body is provided with a ridged waveguide, the ridged waveguide includes two opposite and spaced apart ridges, and the ridges extend toward the longitudinal axis of the waveguide body .

The above-mentioned ridge waveguide array antenna includes a vertically polarized ridge waveguide array antenna and a horizontally polarized ridge waveguide array antenna, which can be applied to typical high power, and utilize the ridge waveguide, the first and the second slot With the cooperation, a more consistent radiation pattern can be obtained, and at the same time, it can reduce the size of the antenna.

Description of drawings

FIG. 1A is a diagram of a conventional vertically polarized waveguide array antenna.

Fig. 1B is the azimuthal radiation field diagram of Fig. 1A.

FIG. 2A is a diagram of a conventional horizontally polarized waveguide array antenna.

FIG. 2B is an azimuthal radiation field diagram of FIG. 2A.

FIG. 3A is a schematic diagram of the vertically polarized ridge waveguide array antenna of the present invention.

Fig. 3B is a top view of the vertically polarized ridge waveguide array antenna of the present invention.

3C is a side view and a top view of the vertically polarized ridge waveguide array antenna of the present invention.

FIG. 3D is a diagram of the azimuth radiation field shape and the elevation angle field shape of the vertically polarized ridge waveguide array antenna of the present invention.

FIG. 4A is a schematic diagram of the horizontally polarized ridge waveguide array antenna of the present invention.

FIG. 4B is a top view of the horizontally polarized ridge waveguide array antenna of the present invention.

FIG. 4C is a diagram of the azimuth radiation field shape and the elevation angle field shape of the horizontally polarized ridge waveguide array antenna of the present invention.

Figure 4D shows the display conditions of the horizontally polarized ridge waveguide array antenna of the present invention: θ=90°, schematic diagram.

的示意图。Figure 4E shows the display conditions of the horizontally polarized ridge waveguide array antenna of the present invention θ=90°,

schematic diagram.

specific embodiment

The specific embodiment of the utility model will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Apparently, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, and other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts all belong to the protection scope of the present utility model.

Please refer to Figures 3A to 3D, the vertically polarized ridge waveguide array antenna 300 of the present invention includes a waveguide body 310, and a plurality of first and second slots 322, 324 arranged on the side of the waveguide body 3.10 , the signal of the antenna 300 is radiated toward the longitudinal axis 312 (ie, the z-axis) of the waveguide body 310; wherein the waveguide opening 315 of the waveguide body 310 mainly includes a width dimension 313 (ie, the x-axis) and the height dimension 314 (ie the y-axis), and the low frequency of the frequency band of the vertically polarized ridge waveguide array antenna 300 is defined by the width dimension 313, and the width dimension 313 is less than 0.5λ; the first waveguide body 310 The angle between the first and second slots 322, 324 is relative to the axial position of the height dimension 314, and extends along both sides of the waveguide body 310, and is divided into positive and negative angular directions, and each of the first and second The slots 322, 324 extend to the entire exterior of the waveguide body 310 on each side of the waveguide body 310 (that is, extend to the periphery of the entire side of the waveguide body 310), and the waveguide body 310 is a rectangular waveguide body, And the top of the vertically polarized ridge waveguide array antenna 300 is provided with a cover 330 .

The waveguide body 310 is defined by a predetermined width dimension 313 and a height dimension 314 with a waveguide opening 315, and the width dimension of the waveguide opening 315 is generally less than one-half wavelength, and the waveguide body 310 also has a ridge The ridge waveguide 318 is arranged on the waveguide body 310 along the axis of the height dimension 314 and the inner surface 310a, and the ridge waveguide 318 is composed of two corresponding ridges 318a, 318b along the The waveguide body 310 extends along the centerline of the longitudinal axis, and the corresponding ridges 318a, 318b produce two waveguides 310b, 310c with a width dimension 313 of 0.34λ, a height dimension 314 of 0.28λ, and The ridges 318a, 318b have a width (horizontal dimension) of 0.073λ, are separated by a distance of 0.035λ, and have cross-sectional dimensions 310b, 310c equal to 0.31λ×0.134λ, such that the two spaced apart ridges 318a and 318b extend along the waveguide body. The center line of the longitudinal axis 312 of 310 provides capacitive coupling effect (and can also achieve the effect of reducing the size of the structure), and as shown in the figure, the two ridges 318a, 318b of the ridge waveguide 318 are opposite and spaced apart, equivalent to Due to the microwave effect (constituted by the surface current), this technology can also be completed in other ways, for example: setting a corresponding ridge on the inner edge of the waveguide body 310 and extending to the bottom, so that Provides ideal (e.g., capacitive) coupling effects. In addition, the waveguide body 310 further includes two sides 311a, 311c and two adjacent sides 311b, 311d, so that the included angles of the first and second slots 322, 324 are relative to the axis of the height dimension 314, and each The first and second slots 322, 324 extend on the two sides 311a, 311c of the waveguide body 310, instead of the angled part (relative to the width dimension 313) extending to the two adjacent sides 311b of the waveguide body 310 , 311d; and the first slot 322 is located on the axis line of the height dimension 314 with an inclination angle of β positive angle, and the second slot hole 324 is located on the axis line of the height dimension 314 with an inclination angle of β reverse angle, and The β change value of the inclination angle is 0° to 90°, usually between 0° and 45°. Further, the inclination angle β is 23°. As shown in FIG. 3C, each of the first and second The complementary angle of the slots 322, 324 is 23 degrees inclined to the axis of the height dimension 314, and the width 0.07λ of each of the first and second slots 322, 324 is a distance of 0.65λ, and the end cover 330 The distance starting from the nearest center is 0.325λ, so that the total length of the first and second slots 322, 324 of the vertically polarized ridge waveguide array antenna 300 is 2.925λ. Of course, it can also be used according to actual use. Needed to improve the design with different numbers of slots; and each first and second slots 322, 324 extend to the four surfaces of the waveguide body 310, and the distance is close to 0.5λ, so that the waveguide body 310 The cross-sectional area is reduced.

As shown in Figure 3D again, the azimuth radiation field shape 352 of this vertically polarized ridge waveguide array antenna 300 shows that the variation of the elevation angle field shape is less than 1dB, which is higher than that of the aforementioned existing vertically polarized ridge waveguide array antenna elevation angle field shape The variation of 8dB has a more consistent azimuth radiation pattern, so that the vertically polarized ridge waveguide array antenna 300 of the present invention can be used in a 1.8GHz GSM system, a 2.2GHz WiFi system, or a 3.5GHz WiMax system.

Please refer to FIGS. 4A-4E , the horizontally polarized ridge waveguide array antenna 400 of the present invention includes a waveguide body 410 and first and second slots 422, 424 on the longitudinal axis 412 of the waveguide body 410 , the signal is radiated in the direction of the longitudinal axis 412 (i.e. z-axis) of the waveguide body 410; wherein the waveguide opening 415 of the waveguide body 410 mainly includes a width dimension 413 (i.e. x-axis) and a height dimension 414 (i.e. the y-axis), and the low frequency of the horizontally polarized ridge waveguide array antenna 400 is defined by the width dimension 413, and its width dimension 313 is less than 0.5λ, and each of the first and second slot holes 422, 424 Corresponding to the two surfaces of the waveguide body 410, the first slot 422 is centered on the centerline CL of the waveguide body 410, and the left and right offset distance is set to be ±d, while the second slot 424 is located on the waveguide body 410 On the opposite side of the waveguide body 410, the first slot 422 runs through the waveguide body 410 to the opposite second slot 424. In this way, the setting on the back side of the second slot 424 is roughly offset from left to right along the centerline of the waveguide body 410, and the arrangement of the front side Same as the reverse side, and the top of the horizontally polarized ridge waveguide array antenna 400 is provided with a cover 430 .

And the waveguide body 410 is defined by a predetermined width dimension 413 and height dimension 414 to have a waveguide opening 415 with an opening size smaller than 0.5λ, and the waveguide body 410 further has two ridge waveguides 418 ₁ , 418 ₂ , Each ridge waveguide 418 ₁ , 418 ₂ is connected to the left and right sides of the waveguide body 410, and the cross section of the waveguide body 410 includes the width dimension 413 of the waveguide opening 415 and the two opposite progressive waveguides 411a, 411b, and a waveguide 416 with a narrower width dimension 413 is provided between the two ridge waveguides 418 ₁ and 418 ₂ , and the size of the narrower waveguide 416 is 0.20λ(w)×0.009λ(h) , and the size of the progressive waveguides 411a, 411b is 0.085λ(w)×0.09λ(h), and the side height of the progressive waveguides 411a, 411b is 0.009λ(h).

Each first slot 422 is offset by a distance d from the centerline CL of the ridge waveguide 410 and arranged along the longitudinal axis 412, and the distance from the centerline of each first slot 422 is determined by the operating frequency, and each first The first and second slots 422, 424 are located at opposite side positions of the narrower waveguide 416 in the waveguide body 410, and each of the first and second slots 422, 424 has a length of 0.43λ and a width of 0.046 In addition, the offset distance ±d from the center of each of the first and second slots 422, 424 to the center line is 0.045λ, and the distance from the center to the center is 0.56λ.

And the horizontally polarized ridge waveguide array antenna 400 usually has corresponding slots 422a, 424a, and each slot 422a, 424a has a resonator characteristic, which can excite current on the waveguide body 410 to affect the overall field shape. Radiation energy, the array arrangement makes the signal range up to 360°, and the distance between the relative slots 422a, 424a is consistent, or should be relatively short (for example: smaller than 0.01λ), and then use compensation technology to make the two slots 422a, 424a The distance between them produces a phase difference; each ridge waveguide 418 ₁ , 418 ₂ includes two opposite ridge portions 418a, 418b respectively, and the surface of each ridge waveguide 418 ₁ , 418 ₂ is bonded to the waveguide body 410 and extend to the adjacent side; further, the corner cutting design of each ridge waveguide 418 ₁ , 418 ₂ is to provide a slot 422a, 424a corresponding to the radiation path in a progressive manner on the waveguide body 410, And each ridge waveguide 418 ₁ , 418 ₂ can also be in the shape of ellipse, circle, or cone, etc., and the size of each ridge waveguide 418 ₁ , 418 ₂ is 0.13λ(w)x 0.004λ (h), and the height of the hypotenuse border is 0.0036λ(h), and the interval 419 between the ridges 418a, 418b is 0.001λ(h).

In addition, each ridge 418a, 418b of each ridge waveguide 418 ₁ , 418 ₂ can be modified in various forms (like extending to the bottom on the upper or lower and adjacent sides) with different slot hole 422a, 424a pitches. And length, as an electrical adjustment and modification, to obtain the best horizontal radiation field shape and coupling effect.

如图所示，该水平极化脊状波导管数组天线400具有一致性的方位辐射场形，呈现变化量小于1dB；再由图4D所示，显示条件θ＝90°、

同样具有一致性的方位辐射场形454，且呈现变化量小于1dB，由此可知，本实用新型较一般现有水平极化脊状波导管数组天线的变化量4dB具有更一致性的性能。Please refer to Fig. 4C, which is the azimuth radiation field shape 452 and the elevation angle radiation field shape 452 corresponding to the frequency of 0.545 GHz, and the display conditions are θ=90°,

As shown in the figure, the horizontally polarized ridge waveguide array antenna 400 has a consistent azimuth radiation field shape, showing a variation of less than 1dB; as shown in Figure 4D, the display conditions θ=90°,

It also has a consistent azimuth radiation field 454 with a variation of less than 1dB. It can be seen that the utility model has a more consistent performance than the variation of 4dB of the conventional horizontally polarized ridge waveguide array antenna.

Of course, the vertically polarized and horizontally polarized ridge waveguide array antennas 300 and 400 of the present invention can be manufactured by machining, casting or other methods, and various materials and oxidation treatments can also be used. The material can be iron-cobalt-zinc alloy, brass, aluminum or other materials; when used, the operating frequency band can be between 542MHz and 580MHz, or any frequency band used for radio frequency or microwave, and the frequency band is between 100MHz ~40GHz.

The utility model is a vertically polarized and horizontally polarized ridge-shaped waveguide array antenna, which can use the cooperation of the ridge-shaped waveguide and the first and second slots to obtain a relatively consistent radiation field shape and make the vertically polarized The horizontally polarized ridge waveguide array antenna has better performance, and at the same time has the effect of reducing the volume of the antenna; the products derived from the utility model can fully meet the needs of the current market.

The above are only preferred embodiments of the present utility model, but the scope of protection of the present utility model is not limited thereto. Any skilled person familiar with the art within the technical scope disclosed by the utility model can easily think of changes or Replacement should be covered within the protection scope of the present utility model. Therefore, the protection scope of the present utility model should be determined by the protection scope defined in the claims.

Claims (9)

1. A ridge waveguide array antenna, characterized in that it comprises a waveguide body, the waveguide body defines a longitudinal axis at least on one side, and at least one side of the waveguide body is provided with a plurality of first and second Two slots, and at least one side of the waveguide body is provided with a ridge-shaped waveguide, the ridge-shaped waveguide includes two opposite and spaced apart ridges, and the ridges extend toward the longitudinal axis of the waveguide body. 2. The ridge waveguide array antenna according to claim 1, wherein the ridge waveguide array antenna comprises a vertically polarized ridge waveguide array antenna or a horizontally polarized ridge waveguide array antenna. 3. The ridge waveguide array antenna according to claim 2, wherein the waveguide body is defined by a predetermined width dimension and a height dimension with a waveguide opening, and the width dimension of the waveguide opening is less than half One wavelength, and the two ridges of the ridge waveguide extend axially relative to the height dimension of the waveguide opening. 4. The ridge waveguide array antenna according to claim 2, wherein the ridge waveguide extends along the centerline of the waveguide body. 5. The ridge waveguide array antenna as claimed in claim 2, wherein each first edge slot is arranged on the waveguide body at an inclination angle of β positive angle, and each second edge slot It is adjacent to the first slot and is arranged on the waveguide body at an oblique angle of β negative angle. 6. The ridge waveguide array antenna as claimed in claim 2, wherein each of the first and second slots extends to two corresponding side surfaces and the other two adjacent side surfaces of the waveguide body. 7 . The ridge waveguide array antenna according to claim 2 , wherein the two ridges of the ridge waveguide are correspondingly disposed on the sides of the waveguide body and extend along the longitudinal axis. 8. The ridge-shaped waveguide array antenna according to claim 2, wherein the waveguide body includes at least two progressive waveguides, and there is a smaller gap between the two progressive waveguides. Another waveguide, and the first and second are arranged on two sides of the smaller another waveguide. 9. The ridge waveguide array antenna as claimed in claim 2, wherein each of the first and second slots is disposed on the centerline of the waveguide body.

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