CN107134652A - Circular polarisation slot antenna based on triangle substrate integral waveguide resonator - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于三角形基片集成波导谐振腔的圆极化缝隙天线，通过在等边三角形谐振腔上层金属面的中心区域蚀刻两条垂直的矩形辐射缝隙，并由介质板下层金属面上的接地共面波导进行馈电，使天线顺序工作在模式和模式。通过调节腔体上两条辐射缝隙的长度差异，来引起谐振腔中两种简并模式的分裂，从而使得两辐射缝隙辐射出的线极化电磁波，在某一频段内实现等幅度且相位差为90度，进而在远场叠加形成圆极化波。该天线结构在保留了传统金属背腔缝隙天线高辐射性能优点的同时，又具备很低的剖面。另外，整个天线，包括辐射缝隙、馈电结构和背腔完全制作在单层介质板上，大大减小了加工复杂度，降低了加工成本，也让平面电路集成变得更加容易。
The invention discloses a circularly polarized slot antenna based on a triangular substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity. Two vertical rectangular radiation slots are etched in the central area of the upper metal surface of the equilateral triangular resonant cavity, and the lower metal surface of the dielectric plate The grounded coplanar waveguide on the ground is fed, so that the antenna works sequentially in pattern and model. By adjusting the length difference of the two radiation slits on the cavity, the two degenerate modes in the resonator are split, so that the linearly polarized electromagnetic waves radiated by the two radiation slits can achieve equal amplitude and phase difference in a certain frequency band is 90 degrees, and then superimposed in the far field to form a circularly polarized wave. The antenna structure has a very low profile while retaining the advantages of high radiation performance of the traditional metal-backed cavity slot antenna. In addition, the entire antenna, including the radiation slot, feed structure and back cavity, is completely fabricated on a single-layer dielectric board, which greatly reduces the processing complexity and cost, and also makes planar circuit integration easier.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及一种基于三角形基片集成波导谐振腔的圆极化缝隙天线，属于微波技术领域。The invention relates to a circularly polarized slot antenna based on a triangular substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity, which belongs to the field of microwave technology.
背景技术Background technique
无线通信系统中，天线作为发射或接收信号的重要电子部件，其性能的好坏直接关系到整个系统性能的优劣，因此研发小型化、集成化和性能高的射频天线已经成为一种迫切的现实需求。In a wireless communication system, the antenna is an important electronic component for transmitting or receiving signals, and its performance is directly related to the performance of the entire system. Therefore, it has become an urgent need to develop miniaturized, integrated and high-performance RF antennas. practical needs.
平面缝隙天线由于具有高效率、易组阵、可集成化等优点，刚好顺应了现代无线电子通信系统的发展趋势，越来越受到广大科学研究人员和工程设计者的青睐。由于金属面上缝隙的辐射是双向的，在实际工程应用中，天线通常是需要安装在系统平台上，此时向下辐射的电磁波可能对其它组件的性能造成影响，同时反射回来的电磁波对天线本身也会产生干扰，所以，当需要单向辐射的缝隙天线时，通常会在辐射缝隙的背面加一个金属腔体来抑制后向辐射的电磁能量，提高天线的增益。Due to the advantages of high efficiency, easy formation, and integration, the planar slot antenna just conforms to the development trend of modern wireless electronic communication systems, and is more and more favored by scientific researchers and engineering designers. Since the radiation from the gap on the metal surface is bidirectional, in practical engineering applications, the antenna usually needs to be installed on the system platform. At this time, the electromagnetic wave radiated downward may affect the performance of other components, and the reflected electromagnetic wave will affect the antenna. It will also cause interference itself, so when a unidirectional radiation slot antenna is required, a metal cavity is usually added on the back of the radiation slot to suppress the electromagnetic energy radiated backwards and increase the gain of the antenna.
背腔缝隙天线出现以来，由于其具有辐射性能好、结构简单等优点，已经被广泛应用于卫星、雷达等一些军事通信系统。但是这种传统的背腔缝隙天线具有体积大、结构复杂和成本高等缺点，因此需要去设计重量轻、成本低和易于与平面电路集成的低剖面高增益缝隙天线。Since the appearance of the cavity-backed slot antenna, it has been widely used in some military communication systems such as satellites and radars because of its good radiation performance and simple structure. However, this traditional cavity-backed slot antenna has the disadvantages of large volume, complex structure, and high cost. Therefore, it is necessary to design a low-profile, high-gain slot antenna that is light in weight, low in cost, and easy to integrate with planar circuits.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了减小天线体积，降低加工成本，提高天线辐射效率，本发明提出了一种基于三角形基片集成波导谐振腔的圆极化缝隙天线。较传统背腔缝隙天线而言，本发明的天线在保持较高辐射效率的同时，又具有简单的结构，加工成本低，并且易于和平面电路集成。同时由于使用的三角形基片集成波导谐振腔体，和采用圆形或者矩形腔体的背腔缝隙天线相比，本天线结构更加紧凑，且在相同的模式或者面积下，能获得更高的辐射效率，同时更方便布局，且易组成结构紧凑的阵列天线。In order to reduce the volume of the antenna, reduce the processing cost and improve the radiation efficiency of the antenna, the present invention proposes a circularly polarized slot antenna based on a triangular substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity. Compared with the traditional cavity-backed slot antenna, the antenna of the present invention has a simple structure while maintaining high radiation efficiency, low processing cost, and is easy to integrate with planar circuits. At the same time, due to the use of the triangular substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity, compared with the cavity-backed slot antenna using a circular or rectangular cavity, the antenna structure is more compact, and in the same mode or area, higher radiation can be obtained Efficiency, more convenient layout, and easy to form a compact array antenna.
本发明为解决上述技术问题采用以下技术方案：The present invention adopts the following technical solutions for solving the problems of the technologies described above:
本发明提供一种基于三角形基片集成波导谐振腔的圆极化缝隙天线，包括上、下表面均涂覆有金属层的介质基板；介质基板设置有三排首尾相连的金属化通孔，与介质板上下表面金属层、介质板构成等边三角形基片集成波导谐振腔；介质基板上表面的金属层还开有两条相互垂直的矩形缝隙，两条矩形缝隙位于等边三角形基片集成波导谐振腔上表面金属层的中心区域；介质基板的下表面设置有一个用于馈电的接地共面波导，该接地共面波导从等边三角形基片集成波导谐振腔的一角接入等边三角形基片集成波导谐振腔，且该接地共面波导的中心导带与前述等边三角形基片集成波导谐振腔的一角的对边垂直；介质基板的下表面还设置有一条从介质基板一边向内延伸的微带线，该微带线与接地共面波导的中心导带连接，且，该微带线两侧的介质基板上未涂覆金属层。The invention provides a circularly polarized slot antenna based on a triangular substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity, which includes a dielectric substrate whose upper and lower surfaces are coated with a metal layer; the dielectric substrate is provided with three rows of end-to-end metallized through holes, and The metal layer on the upper and lower surfaces of the board and the dielectric plate form an equilateral triangular substrate integrated waveguide resonator; the metal layer on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate also has two mutually perpendicular rectangular slits, and the two rectangular slits are located in the equilateral triangular substrate integrated waveguide resonator. The central area of the metal layer on the upper surface of the cavity; the lower surface of the dielectric substrate is provided with a grounded coplanar waveguide for feeding. chip-integrated waveguide resonator, and the central conduction band of the grounded coplanar waveguide is perpendicular to the opposite side of one corner of the aforementioned equilateral triangular substrate-integrated waveguide resonator; the lower surface of the dielectric substrate is also provided with a The microstrip line is connected to the central conduction band of the grounded coplanar waveguide, and the dielectric substrate on both sides of the microstrip line is not coated with a metal layer.
作为本发明的进一步优化方案，金属化通孔的直径大于等于金属化通孔之间的间距的二分之一。As a further optimization solution of the present invention, the diameter of the metallized through holes is greater than or equal to half of the distance between the metallized through holes.
作为本发明的进一步优化方案，介质基板的厚度远小于介质波长。As a further optimization solution of the present invention, the thickness of the dielectric substrate is much smaller than the wavelength of the medium.
作为本发明的进一步优化方案，两条所述矩形缝隙的长度不等。As a further optimization solution of the present invention, the lengths of the two rectangular slits are not equal.
作为本发明的进一步优化方案，接地共面波导伸入等边三角形基片集成波导谐振腔内，且达到两条矩形缝隙的中间。As a further optimization scheme of the present invention, the grounded coplanar waveguide extends into the equilateral triangular substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity and reaches the middle of two rectangular slots.
作为本发明的进一步优化方案，微带线的宽度等于接地共面波导中心导带的宽度。As a further optimization solution of the present invention, the width of the microstrip line is equal to the width of the central conduction strip of the grounded coplanar waveguide.
本发明采用以上技术方案与现有技术相比，具有以下技术效果：在保留了传统背腔缝隙天线高辐射性能优点基础上，本发明简化了低剖面缝隙天线的结构，降低了天线的加工成本，更易于和平面电路集成。与矩形或者圆形谐振腔天线相比，三角形谐振腔天线有着方便布局、结构紧凑的有点，并且在面积和工作模式相同的条件下，三角形谐振腔天线有着更高的辐射效率。Compared with the prior art, the present invention adopts the above technical scheme and has the following technical effects: on the basis of retaining the advantages of high radiation performance of the traditional cavity-backed slot antenna, the present invention simplifies the structure of the low-profile slot antenna and reduces the processing cost of the antenna , easier to integrate with planar circuits. Compared with rectangular or circular resonant cavity antennas, triangular resonant cavity antennas have the advantages of convenient layout and compact structure, and under the same area and working mode, triangular resonant cavity antennas have higher radiation efficiency.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明的三维结构图。Fig. 1 is a three-dimensional structure diagram of the present invention.
图2是本发明的俯视图。Figure 2 is a top view of the present invention.
图3是本发明的仰视图。Fig. 3 is a bottom view of the present invention.
其中，1-两条垂直的矩形辐射缝隙；2-上层金属层；3-金属通孔；4-下层金属层；5-接地共面波导；6-微带线；7-介质基板。Among them, 1-two vertical rectangular radiation slots; 2-upper metal layer; 3-metal via; 4-lower metal layer; 5-grounded coplanar waveguide; 6-microstrip line; 7-dielectric substrate.
图4是本实施例仿真的电场等值线分布图，其中，（a）为TE 120模，（b）为TE 210模。Fig. 4 is the electric field contour distribution diagram simulated in this embodiment, where (a) is the TE 120 mode, and (b) is the TE 210 mode.
图5是本发明实施例仿真的S11参数和增益随频率变化图。Fig. 5 is a graph showing the variation of the S11 parameter and the gain with frequency in the simulation of the embodiment of the present invention.
图6是本发明实施例仿真的轴比。Fig. 6 is the simulated axial ratio of the embodiment of the present invention.
图7是本发明实施例仿真的x-z面方向图。Fig. 7 is an xz plane direction diagram simulated by the embodiment of the present invention.
图8是本发明实施例仿真的y-z面方向图。Fig. 8 is a yz direction diagram of the simulation of the embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式detailed description
本发明提供一种基于三角形基片集成波导谐振腔的圆极化缝隙天线，整个天线包括辐射结构、激励源和谐振腔都是被完全设计在单层介质基板上，其中谐振腔是由介质基板上三排首尾相接的金属化通孔阵列、上层金属层和下层金属层构成。两条垂直的矩形辐射缝隙蚀刻在上层金属面，接地共面波导位于下层金属面，从腔体一角伸入，并且和一排金属化通孔垂直，为满足阻抗匹配要求，可通过调节共面波导深入腔体的长度。同时为了方便测量，将50欧姆微带线和共面波导的中心金属带相接。The invention provides a circularly polarized slot antenna based on a triangular substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity. The entire antenna, including the radiation structure, excitation source and resonant cavity, is completely designed on a single-layer dielectric substrate, wherein the resonant cavity is composed of a dielectric substrate The upper three rows of end-to-end metallized through-hole arrays, the upper metal layer and the lower metal layer are composed. Two vertical rectangular radiation slots are etched on the upper metal surface, and the grounded coplanar waveguide is located on the lower metal surface, protruding from a corner of the cavity, and perpendicular to a row of metallized through holes. In order to meet the impedance matching requirements, the coplanar waveguide can be adjusted The length of the waveguide deep into the cavity. At the same time, for the convenience of measurement, the 50-ohm microstrip line is connected to the central metal strip of the coplanar waveguide.
对于工作在TE 120和TE 210模式的等边三角形基片集成波导谐振腔，和传统金属腔体中的电场分布相同，电场变化最剧烈的区域均位于腔体边缘和中心区域，本发明天线选择将两条十字交叉辐射缝隙蚀刻在腔体上表面中心区域，这时由于缝隙切断了金属面上的表面电流，从而引起腔体中分布电场的裂变，形成在缝隙处电场强度最大的两种简并谐振模式，由此缝隙上便会产生横向电场，电磁能量被辐射出去。For the equilateral triangular substrate integrated waveguide resonator working in TE 120 and TE 210 modes, the electric field distribution in the traditional metal cavity is the same, and the regions with the most severe electric field changes are located at the edge and center of the cavity. The antenna of the present invention selects Two cross radiation slits are etched in the central area of the upper surface of the cavity. At this time, the slits cut off the surface current on the metal surface, which causes the fission of the distributed electric field in the cavity, and forms two simple forms of electric field intensity at the slits. And resonant mode, thus a transverse electric field will be generated on the gap, and electromagnetic energy will be radiated out.
下面结合附图对本发明的技术方案做进一步的详细说明：Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail:
本发明提供一种基于三角形基片集成波导谐振腔的圆极化缝隙天线，其结构如图1至3所示。该天线包括上、下表面均涂覆有金属层的介质基板；介质基板设置有三排首尾相连的金属化通孔，与介质板上下表面金属层、介质板构成等边三角形基片集成波导谐振腔；介质基板上表面的金属层还开有两条相互垂直的矩形缝隙，两条矩形缝隙位于等边三角形基片集成波导谐振腔上表面金属层的中心区域；介质基板的下表面设置有一个用于馈电的接地共面波导，该接地共面波导从等边三角形基片集成波导谐振腔的一角接入等边三角形基片集成波导谐振腔，且该接地共面波导的中心导带与前述等边三角形基片集成波导谐振腔的一角的对边垂直；介质基板的下表面还设置有一条从介质基板一边向内延伸的微带线，该微带线与接地共面波导的中心导带连接，且，该微带线两侧的介质基板上未涂覆金属层。The invention provides a circularly polarized slot antenna based on a triangular substrate integrated waveguide resonant cavity, the structure of which is shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 . The antenna includes a dielectric substrate whose upper and lower surfaces are coated with a metal layer; the dielectric substrate is provided with three rows of end-to-end metallized through holes, and forms an equilateral triangular substrate integrated waveguide resonator with the upper and lower surface metal layers of the dielectric board and the dielectric board. The metal layer on the upper surface of the dielectric substrate also has two mutually perpendicular rectangular slits, and the two rectangular slits are located in the central area of the metal layer on the upper surface of the equilateral triangular substrate integrated waveguide resonator; the lower surface of the dielectric substrate is provided with a A grounded coplanar waveguide for power feeding, the grounded coplanar waveguide is connected to the equilateral triangular substrate integrated waveguide resonator from one corner of the equilateral triangular substrate integrated waveguide resonator, and the central conduction band of the grounded coplanar waveguide is the same as the aforementioned The opposite side of one corner of the equilateral triangular substrate integrated waveguide resonator is vertical; the lower surface of the dielectric substrate is also provided with a microstrip line extending inward from one side of the dielectric substrate, and the microstrip line is connected to the central conduction band of the grounded coplanar waveguide connected, and the dielectric substrate on both sides of the microstrip line is not coated with a metal layer.
本发明的天线是通过在等边三角形基片集成波导谐振腔的上层金属面蚀刻两条长度不同且过腔体中心点的交叉十字缝隙，并由位于谐振腔下层金属面且伸入腔体内部的接地共面波导进行馈电，使天线顺序工作在模式和模式。其中，三角形谐振腔是通过在上下表面均涂覆有金属的介质基板上打三排首尾相接的金属化通孔阵列来实现的。为了方便天线测量，介质基板的下表面还有一条与接地共面波导中心金属导带以等宽度连接的50欧姆微带线。通过调节谐振腔和辐射缝隙的大小，来大致确定天线的工作频段。在确定天线缝隙长度和谐振腔体几何尺寸的初值后，可以通过调节共面波导伸入谐振腔体内部的深度来实现激励源和天线间的阻抗匹配的要求。The antenna of the present invention is formed by etching two intersecting cross slots with different lengths and crossing the center point of the cavity on the upper metal surface of the equilateral triangular substrate integrated waveguide resonator, and extending into the cavity from the lower metal surface of the resonator The grounded coplanar waveguide is fed, so that the antenna works sequentially in pattern and model. Among them, the triangular resonator is realized by punching three rows of end-to-end metallized through-hole arrays on a dielectric substrate whose upper and lower surfaces are coated with metal. In order to facilitate antenna measurement, there is also a 50 ohm microstrip line connected with the central metal conduction strip of the grounded coplanar waveguide with equal width on the lower surface of the dielectric substrate. By adjusting the size of the resonant cavity and the radiation slot, the working frequency band of the antenna is roughly determined. After determining the initial value of the antenna slot length and the geometric size of the resonant cavity, the impedance matching requirements between the excitation source and the antenna can be achieved by adjusting the depth of the coplanar waveguide extending into the resonant cavity.
本发明中，金属化通孔直径大于金属化通孔间距的二分之一且小于波导工作波长的十分之一，且介质基板的厚度要远小于介质波长，才能使谐振腔体中的电磁场在垂直于介质表面方向上基本没有变化，满足以上两个条件之后，能量泄露基本可以被抑制到可忽略的水平。两条正交矩形缝隙作为辐射缝隙，位于天线的上层金属面中心区域，并且长度都和介质波长的二分之一相近，这样才能保证天线在其他结构参数相同的情况下，有着更好的辐射效率。通过优化两缝隙长度间的差异，可以引起腔体中两种简并模式的分裂，并使得两缝隙的谐振频率相近，当两条缝隙辐射的线极化波在某些频率处满足等幅且相位差为90度的条件时，两辐射分量在远场叠加，便形成了圆极化电磁波波。另外，天线在选择激励源位置时，需要选择在腔体所需工作模式电场幅度较大的位置，所以在本发明天线结构中，接地共面波导位于腔体一个角处，并且伸入达到腔体上两缝隙的中间位置，这样才能够同时兼顾到这两种正交的简并模式。In the present invention, the diameter of the metallized through hole is greater than half of the distance between the metallized through holes and less than one tenth of the working wavelength of the waveguide, and the thickness of the dielectric substrate is much smaller than the wavelength of the medium, so that the electromagnetic field in the resonant cavity There is basically no change in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the medium. After the above two conditions are met, the energy leakage can be basically suppressed to a negligible level. Two orthogonal rectangular slits are used as radiation slits, located in the central area of the upper metal surface of the antenna, and the length is close to one-half of the wavelength of the medium, so as to ensure that the antenna has better radiation when other structural parameters are the same. efficiency. By optimizing the difference between the lengths of the two slots, the splitting of the two degenerate modes in the cavity can be caused, and the resonant frequencies of the two slots are close. When the phase difference is 90 degrees, the two radiation components are superimposed in the far field to form a circularly polarized electromagnetic wave. In addition, when the antenna selects the location of the excitation source, it is necessary to select a position with a larger electric field amplitude in the required working mode of the cavity. Therefore, in the antenna structure of the present invention, the grounded coplanar waveguide is located at one corner of the cavity and extends into the cavity to reach The middle position of the two gaps on the body, so that the two orthogonal degeneracy modes can be taken into account at the same time.
本发明交叉十字缝圆极化背腔缝隙天线是通过单一馈源以90度相位差顺序激励两条长度不同的缝隙，从而使腔体内产生两种相应的谐振模式，并通过缝隙将电磁能量辐射出去，当两条缝隙所产生的线极化波等幅且相差为90度时，远场进行叠加便形成了圆极化电磁波。同时，由于本发明天线采用的三角形基片集成波导谐振腔体，和矩形或者圆形背腔缝隙天线相比，结构更加紧凑，方便布局。另外，对于基于基片集成波导谐振腔的线极化天线，由于其低剖面结构和独特的工作机理，导致天线只能工作在非常窄的频段内，但是对于两条辐射缝隙可以顺序工作在不同模式下的圆极化天线而言，不同缝隙的谐振中心频率不同，因为当这两个缝隙谐振频率点相距较近时，便形成了圆极化天线的工作频段，因而使圆极化天线获得了比线极化天线带宽较大的工作带宽。本发明天线保留了传统背腔缝隙天线较好辐射性能的优点，同时整个天线中，辐射缝隙、共面波导馈电结构和谐振腔完全制作在单层介质板上，结构简单，辐射效率高，大大减小了加工复杂度，降低了加工成本，也让平面电路集成变得更加容易。The cross-slit circularly polarized cavity-backed slot antenna of the present invention uses a single feed source to sequentially excite two slots with different lengths with a 90-degree phase difference, so that two corresponding resonance modes are generated in the cavity, and electromagnetic energy is radiated through the slots Going out, when the linearly polarized waves generated by the two slits have the same amplitude and a difference of 90 degrees, the far fields are superimposed to form circularly polarized electromagnetic waves. At the same time, because the triangular substrate-integrated waveguide resonant cavity adopted by the antenna of the present invention has a more compact structure and is convenient for layout compared with a rectangular or circular cavity-backed slot antenna. In addition, for the linearly polarized antenna based on the substrate-integrated waveguide resonator, due to its low-profile structure and unique working mechanism, the antenna can only work in a very narrow frequency band, but the two radiation slots can work sequentially in different For the circularly polarized antenna in the mode, the resonant center frequencies of different slots are different, because when the two slot resonant frequency points are close to each other, the working frequency band of the circularly polarized antenna is formed, so that the circularly polarized antenna can obtain The working bandwidth is larger than that of the linearly polarized antenna. The antenna of the present invention retains the advantages of better radiation performance of the traditional cavity-backed slot antenna, and at the same time, in the whole antenna, the radiation slot, the coplanar waveguide feeding structure and the resonant cavity are completely fabricated on a single-layer dielectric board, which has a simple structure and high radiation efficiency. The processing complexity is greatly reduced, the processing cost is reduced, and the integration of planar circuits becomes easier.
本发明的实施例是在厚度为0.5mm的Rogers Duroid 5880单层介质板上实现的，该基板材料的介电常数为2.2，损耗正切角为0.001；金属化通孔的直径为1mm，金属化通孔的间距为1.5mm；两正交矩形辐射缝隙的宽度均为1mm，长度分别为12.1mm和11.1mm；共面波导的中心导带宽度为1.45mm，两边缝隙宽度为0.7mm，长度为11.1mm；微带线宽度为1.45mm，长度为4mm。Embodiments of the present invention are implemented on a Rogers Duroid 5880 single-layer dielectric board with a thickness of 0.5mm. The dielectric constant of the substrate material is 2.2, and the loss tangent angle is 0.001; the diameter of the metallized through hole is 1mm, and the metallized The spacing of the through holes is 1.5 mm; the width of the two orthogonal rectangular radiation slots is 1 mm, and the lengths are 12.1 mm and 11.1 mm; 11.1mm; the width of the microstrip line is 1.45mm, and the length is 4mm.
利用三维电磁仿真软件对本发明实施例所提出的天线结构进行仿真，可得到如图4所示的谐振腔体中电场等值线的分布图。从图4中的（a）和（b）可以看出，天线的两条辐射缝隙顺序地工作在TE 120模式和TE 210模式。图5是本发明实施例仿真的S11参数和增益随频率变化图，从图5中可以看出，天线的中心工作频率为9.35GHz，-10dB工作带宽范围为9.25~9.45GHz，相对带宽为2.1%，在工作频段内回波损耗的最低值为-45.3dB，最大增益值为5.83dB，是在9.35GHz频点实现的。除此之外，直观可见这种结构的背腔缝隙天线只能工作在较窄的频段内，这是由于天线的低剖面结构和独特的工作机理造成的。图6表示该圆极化天线的轴比随工作频率的变化关系，可以看出其3dB轴比带宽为9.33~9.365GHz。图7和图8分别表示天线工作在9.35GHz时，x-z面和y-z面的左旋圆极化分量和右旋圆极化分量的远场辐射方向图，可以看出，在-60度到60度之间，天线两辐射切面的右旋圆极化方向图几乎一致，x-z面和y-z面右旋圆极化方向图的半功率波束宽度分别为88度和75度。除此之外，两个切面的左旋圆极化分量都处于较低的水平，因此这两个切面的右旋圆极化分量和辐射总方向图大小和变化趋势基本上一样，天线有较好的右旋圆极化特性。Using three-dimensional electromagnetic simulation software to simulate the antenna structure proposed in the embodiment of the present invention, the distribution diagram of the electric field contour in the resonant cavity as shown in FIG. 4 can be obtained. It can be seen from (a) and (b) in Figure 4 that the two radiation slots of the antenna work sequentially in TE 120 mode and TE 210 mode. Fig. 5 is the S11 parameter of the embodiment of the present invention emulation and gain change figure with frequency, can find out from Fig. 5, the central working frequency of antenna is 9.35GHz, and -10dB operating bandwidth range is 9.25～9.45GHz, and relative bandwidth is 2.1 %, the minimum return loss value in the working frequency band is -45.3dB, and the maximum gain value is 5.83dB, which is realized at the 9.35GHz frequency point. In addition, it can be seen intuitively that the cavity-backed slot antenna with this structure can only work in a narrow frequency band, which is caused by the antenna's low-profile structure and unique working mechanism. Figure 6 shows the relationship between the axial ratio of the circularly polarized antenna and the operating frequency. It can be seen that the 3dB axial ratio bandwidth is 9.33~9.365GHz. Figure 7 and Figure 8 respectively show the far-field radiation pattern of the left-handed circular polarization component and the right-handed circular polarization component of the xz plane and yz plane when the antenna works at 9.35 GHz. It can be seen that at -60 degrees to 60 degrees Between them, the right-hand circular polarization patterns of the two radiation sections of the antenna are almost the same, and the half-power beamwidths of the right-hand circular polarization patterns of the xz plane and the yz plane are 88 degrees and 75 degrees, respectively. In addition, the left-handed circular polarization components of the two slices are at a relatively low level, so the size and change trend of the right-handed circular polarization components and the total radiation pattern of the two slices are basically the same, and the antenna has better Right-handed circular polarization properties.
以上所述，仅为本发明中的具体实施方式，但本发明的保护范围并不局限于此，任何熟悉该技术的人在本发明所揭露的技术范围内，可理解想到的变换或替换，都应涵盖在本发明的包含范围之内，因此，本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求书的保护范围为准。The above is only a specific implementation mode in the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Anyone familiar with the technology can understand the conceivable transformation or replacement within the technical scope disclosed in the present invention. All should be covered within the scope of the present invention, therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be based on the protection scope of the claims.
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Application publication date: 20170905 |