CN201569253U - Moveable solar energy drying device - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model discloses a moveable solar energy drying device, which comprises a heat collecting system, a drying system and an energy storage system which are connected through a pipeline, wherein the heat collecting system comprises a heat pipe vacuum heat collecting pipe (26) for collecting solar energy and a heat collecting box (1) converting the solar energy collected by the heat pipe vacuum heat collecting pipe (26) into available heat energy; the drying system comprises a drying box (8) for placing wood to be dried and a circulating fan (3) impelling air in the drying box (8) to flow; the energy storage system comprises a heat storage box (13) storing heat transmitted by the heat collecting system; and heat storage pipes (14) which are independent of one another are placed inside the heat storage box (13) and filled with phase-change materials, which is used for converting the heat energy into phase-change heat for storage. The moveable solar energy drying device provided by the utility model runs stably to realize continuous drying, and remarkably reduces the drying energy consumption, thereby reducing the drying cost, and having good drying quality.

Description

A mobile solar drying device

technical field

The utility model relates to a solar heating device, in particular to a solar heating device in which working fluid flows through a heat collector.

technical background

Energy is an important material basis for economic construction and social development. Due to the increasing demand for energy in the world, the increasing shortage of conventional energy, rising oil prices, global warming and environmental pressure, countries around the world are turning their strategic sights to renewable energy in order to seek energy security and sustainable development of human society. develop. Therefore, renewable new energy will become the top priority of energy development in the 21st century. As a clean, cheap and inexhaustible renewable energy, solar energy is being valued by various countries and industries, and has attracted more and more attention. my country is very rich in solar energy resources. According to statistics, the total amount of solar radiation received by China's land every year is equivalent to 240 million tons of standard coal. Making full use of solar energy resources is one of the important contents of my country's sustainable development strategy and promotion of a resource-saving and environment-friendly society.

Wood drying is the most important process in the production process of wood products. The traditional wood drying process consumes a lot of energy, has low energy utilization rate, and produces serious pollution. The energy consumption accounts for about 40%-70% of the total energy consumption of wood product production. In my country's wood drying industry, most of them are small, scattered and backward, and the energy utilization rate is very low, only 30%-40%. Moreover, the pollution caused by the drying process is also the main source of environmental pollution in my country. Therefore, the energy saving of wood drying in my country The task of reducing emissions is arduous.

Solar wood drying is the use of sunlight to convert heat energy, thereby promoting the evaporation of water in the wood to achieve the purpose of drying wood. At present, the total lighting area of solar drying equipment in the country is about 15000m ² , accounting for 0.2% of the total drying capacity of the country. Compared with the solar water heaters with a stock of nearly ten million square meters, the development of solar drying equipment is still lagging behind. The main reason that affects the popularization and application of solar energy is that the energy flux density of solar energy is low, which is greatly affected by climate and season, and the problem of low-cost effective energy storage has not yet been well resolved.

Generally speaking, solar drying devices can be divided into synchronous type and energy storage type. Since the synchronous dryer prolongs the drying time and reduces the drying efficiency with the intermittent sunlight irradiation time, it is gradually replaced by the thermal storage solar dryer. The common heat storage drying device generally includes its heat collecting chamber, drying chamber, energy storage chamber, etc. The working method is to heat the air or liquid through the solar heat collector, and then transport it to the drying chamber for drying. At the same time, the excess heat energy is stored in the energy storage chamber, so as to dry continuously. The traditional solar energy storage method uses sensible heat energy storage materials such as water and pebbles, the heat storage per unit mass is low, the energy storage temperature is unstable, and the required heat storage volume is relatively large. Then came the phase-change heat storage system, and the phase-change heat storage has increasingly become the first choice for heat storage systems due to its advantages of high energy storage density, easy matching with the operating system, and easy control.

The application of thermal storage technology can alleviate the mismatch between solar energy supply and demand. At present, there are three main types of solar heat storage technologies: sensible heat storage, chemical heat storage, and phase change heat storage. Phase change heat storage has increasingly become the first choice for heat storage systems due to its advantages of high energy storage density, easy matching with the operating system, and easy control. Phase change heat storage uses the latent heat of phase change of substances to store heat. Compared with sensible heat storage such as pebbles and water, phase change heat storage has the advantages of high energy storage density, stable phase change temperature, and small equipment volume. .

There are many studies on the use of solar energy to dry materials, such as:

The publication number is CN 101135537A Chinese patent application discloses an integral array heat collecting type solar drying device and its use method, the device includes an array type solar heat collector, an energy storage tower, a balance box, a heat exchanger, No. 1 to No. 4 No. 1 solenoid valve, No. 1 to No. 3 circulating pumps, and the control center control the work of No. 1 to No. 3 circulating pumps and No. 1 to No. 4 solenoid valves to form the energy storage cycle, collector work cycle and storage cycle respectively. The working cycle of the energy tower, these three cycles can work independently, and can also work in combination according to needs, so as to achieve the rational use of solar energy and energy storage. However, this overall array heat-collecting solar drying device only judges the strength of the sun subjectively, thereby determining the heating and heat storage functions of the control center control system, and the utilization rate of solar energy is not high; and the drying device The line connection is complicated, and it is difficult to follow the expected circulation loop during the working process of the system, and the energy loss in the transmission process is relatively high.

The Chinese patent with authorized notification number CN20110488Y discloses a thermal storage type solar drying equipment, which includes a solar heat collector (1) and a heat exchanger (3), and a solar heat collector (1) and a heat exchanger (3) They are connected by pipes (12), and the equipment also includes heat accumulator (2) and transfer pump (4), and heat accumulator (2) is respectively connected with solar heat collector (1) and heat exchanger through pipes (13, 14). The heater (3) is connected to form a closed circulation pipeline, the delivery pump (4) is set on the pipeline (12), the pipeline (12) is equipped with a solenoid valve (5), and the pipeline (13) is equipped with a proportional valve (8), the equipment uses liquid as heat exchange medium. With this kind of equipment, the excess solar energy can be stored while using solar energy to dry. The heat storage method is phase change heat storage. At night or when there is no sunlight, this part of the heat can be released for use, which can realize continuous dry, but the regenerative solar drying equipment has the following problems in use:

1. Whether it is heat storage or dry reflux, the liquid exchange medium must pass through the drying box to form a circulation system. Therefore, the temperature control in the drying oven is poor and the heat is unstable. At the same time, when sunlight conditions such as winter, night and continuous rainy weather are not allowed, only rely on energy storage heat to dry without other auxiliary heat sources, so the controllability and stability of continuous drying are poor.

2. The heat transfer efficiency of traditional solar collectors is not high, and the efficiency of solar energy conversion to heat energy is low. At the same time, the above structure uses solar energy to heat the liquid heat exchange medium, and then through the flow of the liquid heat exchange medium, the heat is brought to the heat exchanger in the drying box, where the liquid heat exchange medium and the drying medium in the drying box (Wet air) can be used to dry materials after secondary heat exchange. Due to the heat loss in the two heat exchanges, the drying efficiency is low and the overall energy utilization rate is low.

3. The volume of the heat exchange coil in the regenerator is fixed, and the stored heat is only adjusted by increasing or decreasing the volume of the heat storage medium. In actual operation, the controllability of the heat storage is poor and the operation is inconvenient.

4. The above-mentioned structure is a fixed placement method, and its mobility is poor.

Invention content:

The purpose of this utility model is to solve the problems existing in the prior art, and to provide a mobile solar drying device for continuously drying wood. The solar drying device of the present invention can significantly reduce drying energy consumption, thereby reducing drying costs, and has better dry mass.

In order to achieve the purpose of the present invention, the present invention provides a mobile solar wood drying device on the one hand, including a heat collection system, a drying system and a heat storage system connected by pipelines, wherein,

The heat collection system includes the heat pipe vacuum heat collection tube for collecting solar energy, and the heat collection box that converts the solar energy collected by the heat pipe vacuum heat collection tube into usable heat energy. The heat collection box is wrapped on the upper part of the heat pipe vacuum heat collection tube;

The drying system includes a drying box for placing wood to be dried and a circulating fan installed inside the drying box to promote air flow in the drying box;

The heat storage system includes a heat storage tank that stores the heat delivered by the heat collection system, and a heat storage tube with a phase-change heat storage material placed inside the heat tank for converting thermal energy into phase-change heat storage.

Wherein, the drying system further includes an auxiliary electric heater, which is used to provide the drying system with heat required for drying when the internal heat of the drying system is insufficient.

In particular, the auxiliary electric heater is installed at the bottom of the drying box to provide heat for the drying system through electric heating.

Especially, the lower part of the drying box is also provided with a drying partition for placing the object to be dried.

Wherein, the length of the heat pipe vacuum heat collection tube is 100-200cm, the length of the heat pipe in the heat collection box is 20-50cm, and the heat pipe vacuum heat collection tube in the heat collection box is wrapped with circular metal fins, and the fins and The heat pipe vacuum heat collection tube is coaxial, the radius of the heat pipe vacuum heat collection tube is 5-10cm, the heat pipe inside the heat collection box has a radius of 2-3cm; the radius of the large circle of the annular fin is 5-10cm, and the radius of the small circle is 2-3cm .

In particular, the heat pipe vacuum heat collection tubes of the heat collection system are arranged in a "V" shape, that is, along the cross-sectional direction perpendicular to the axis of the heat pipe vacuum heat collection tubes, the heat pipe vacuum heat collection tubes are arranged in a letter "V". There are heat pipes and vacuum heat collectors evenly distributed on each slash of the letter "V". This arrangement is conducive to receiving more solar energy on the one hand, and on the other hand makes the heat exchange effect in the heat collection box better.

In particular, the length of the circular metal fins is 20-50cm.

Wherein, the heat pipe vacuum heat collection tube and the heat collection box of the heat collection system are placed obliquely, and the inclination angle with the ground is 30-75 degrees.

In particular, the heat pipe vacuum heat collection tube and the heat collection box are placed on the reflective stainless steel plate support, the cross section of the reflective stainless steel plate support perpendicular to the ground is a right triangle, and the angle between the slope and the ground is 30-75 degrees.

Wherein, the heat storage tubes are arranged in the heat storage tank in a fork row or in a straight row to realize the heat storage.

In particular, the cross-arrangement means that the heat storage tubes are arranged in rows, the heat storage tubes in two adjacent rows are arranged in a staggered manner, and the distance between the two heat storage tubes between any two adjacent horizontal rows is equal; Arrangement means that heat storage tubes are arranged in rows, two adjacent rows of heat storage tubes are arranged in parallel, and any adjacent four heat storage tubes between two adjacent rows are arranged in a square.

Wherein, the heat storage tubes are metal tubes which are independent from each other and have phase-change materials inside and are closed at both ends.

In particular, the heat storage tube is made of aluminum, and the phase change material inside is paraffin.

In addition, it also includes an automatic or manual control system. The automatic or manual control system measures the temperature through the temperature sensors installed in the heat collection system, drying system and heat storage system respectively. The measured temperature is consistent with the drying temperature set in the drying device. In comparison, through the temperature comparison results, the opening or closing of the valves and centrifugal fans installed on the connecting pipes of the heat collection system, drying system and heat storage system are regulated to realize the drying of wood and the storage of heat.

In particular, the automatic or manual control system is located under the heat pipe vacuum heat collection tube of the heat collection system, which saves the space of the equipment and makes the structure of the equipment compact.

In particular, the automatic or manual control system is located on the right-angled side perpendicular to the ground of the rain-shielding reflective stainless steel plate support with a right-angled triangle cross section.

Among them, it also includes a mobile system, which includes a pull rod for moving the drying device, a base for fixedly installing the drying device, and steering wheels, wherein the pull rod is fixedly installed on one end of the base to pull or rotate the drying device; the steering wheel is fixedly installed on the base below.

The heat collection system, drying system, heat storage system and automatic or manual control system of the solar drying device are fixedly installed on the base of the mobile system. By pulling or rotating the pull rod, the entire drying device can be pulled or rotated to realize the movement of the entire drying device. , in order to receive and convert solar energy to the greatest extent.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

1. The solar drying device of the present invention uses paraffin wax as a phase change heat storage material for phase change heat storage. The heat storage device is independent of the drying device. The heat storage system is small in size, but has a strong heat storage capacity and can run stably all year round, and phase change materials with different phase change temperatures can be selected according to the requirements of the material to be dried; in addition, the storage system of the present invention The heat storage tube in the thermal system adopts a multi-row tube phase-change heat storage tube frame, which can determine the amount of heat storage tubes according to the intensity of sunlight and the amount of materials to be dried, and has good practicability.

2. The mutual cooperation of phase change heat storage and auxiliary electric heating in the device of the present invention ensures stable operation of the drying process of the materials to be dried. In sunny weather, the excess solar energy can be stored while using solar energy to dry, and this part of the heat can be released at night or when there is no sunlight for use, which can achieve continuous drying; with the aid of an auxiliary electric heater, Continuous drying even in continuous rainy weather or winter.

3. The invention pulls or rotates the drying device through the moving system, and adjusts the position of the entire drying device and the direction of the heat collecting tube according to the direction of sunlight and the height of the sun from the ground, so as to absorb solar energy to a greater extent.

4. Adopting the drying device of the present invention to dry materials has low cost, and materials can be dried continuously, especially wood, which can improve the drying quality of wood.

5. The present invention can realize the automatic temperature control of the drying oven through the automatic or manual control system, so as to realize the automatic control of the drying process and the automatic collection of data, which is easy to operate and saves manpower.

6. The present invention uses hot air as the heat exchange medium. The hot air is both the heat exchange medium and the drying medium. There is only one heat exchange in the drying process, and the heat utilization rate of the heat exchange medium is higher.

Description of drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic front view of a mobile phase change heat storage wood solar device;

Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of A-A in Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is a schematic cross-sectional view of B-B in Fig. 2;

Fig. 4 is the enlarged schematic diagram of fin, heat pipe vacuum heat collecting tube;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of circular fins in the heat collecting box;

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of fork-type heat storage tubes;

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the arrangement of parallel heat storage tubes;

Fig. 8 is a drying device automatic control cycle flow chart;

Fig. 9 is a flow chart of internal circulation or electric heating drying in the drying device;

Fig. 10 is a flow chart of the heat storage process of the drying device;

Fig. 11 is a heat supply flow chart of the heat collector of the drying device;

Fig. 12 is a heat supply flow chart of the heat storage tank of the drying device.

Explanation of reference signs:

1. Collector box; 2. Pipeline; 3. Circulating fan; 4. Electric valve; 5. Centrifugal fan; 6. Electric valve; 7. Pipeline; 8. Drying box; 83. Drying box cover; 9. Pipeline; 10. Electric valve; 11. Electric heater; 12. Pipeline; 13. Heat storage box; 131, 132. Air outlet and inlet of heat storage box; 133. Heat storage box cover; 14. Phase change heat storage tube; 15. Heat storage tube bracket; 16. Pipeline; 17. Centrifugal fan; 18. Pipeline; 19. Pipeline; 20. Pipeline; 21. Wood; 22. Control box; 23. Stainless steel plate bracket; 24 .Steering wheel; 25. Tie rod; 26. Vacuum collector tube of heat pipe; 27. Exhaust port; 28. Cold end of vacuum collector tube of heat pipe; 29. Fin; ;

Detailed ways

Describe the specific embodiment of the utility model in detail below with reference to accompanying drawing.

As shown in Figure 1, the mobile phase change heat storage wood solar drying device of the present invention includes:

Heat collection system, which absorbs solar energy and converts solar energy into thermal energy storage;

Drying system, continuous drying of wood;

Heat storage system, which stores the heat energy absorbed by the heat collection system and exceeds the heat required by the drying system to dry wood;

Automatic or manual control systems;

and five parts of the mobile system.

Among them, the automatic or manual control system controls the thermal energy cycle of the drying system and heat storage system through the temperature sensors installed in the drying system and heat storage system and the electric valves on the pipelines, drying wood and storing heat energy.

The heat collection system, drying system, and heat storage system are connected to each other through pipelines. The heat collection system is connected in series with the drying system and the heat storage system respectively, and the drying system and the heat storage system are connected in parallel with respect to the heat collection system.

The drying system is located on the upper part of the heat storage system; the heat collection system, drying system, heat storage system and automatic or manual control system are fixedly installed on the mobile system.

Referring to Figures 2, 3, 4, and 5, the heat collection system includes a heat pipe vacuum heat collection tube 26, a stainless steel plate support 23 and a heat collection box 1;

The box body of the heat collection box 1 is made of thermal insulation material, the heat collection box 1 is wrapped on the upper part of the heat pipe vacuum heat collection tube 26, and the heat pipe vacuum heat collection tube in the heat collection box is wrapped with circular metal fins 29, and the fins and the heat pipe vacuum The collector tubes are coaxial.

The heat pipe vacuum heat collection tube 26 collects solar energy and converts it into usable heat energy. It is a cylinder with different upper and lower radii in one body, and the length is 100-200cm. The length in the heat collection box is 20-50cm. 5-10cm, the radius of the upper part of the heat pipe that goes deep into the heat collection box is 2-3cm; the large circle radius of the annular fin is 5-10cm, the small circle radius is 2-3cm, and the length of the annular metal fin is 20-50cm.

The annular fin 29 wrapped by the upper end of the heat pipe vacuum heat collection tube 26 forms the cold end 28 of the heat pipe, which is located in the box of the heat collection box. The fin and the heat pipe 26 are socketed through interference fit; the cold end 28 of the heat pipe absorbs the heat pipe 26 The solar energy delivered to the heat exchange medium (humid air) realizes the conversion of solar energy and thermal energy; the effect of the fins 29 is to increase the heat exchange area of the cold end 28 of the heat pipe vacuum heat collector tube, so that the heat exchange medium (humid air) just flows from the cold end to get more heat;

The heat pipe vacuum heat collecting tube 26 is obliquely installed on the stainless steel plate support 23, and the inclination angle with the ground is 30-75 degrees, and the cross section of the stainless steel plate support 23 is a right triangle.

The heat pipe vacuum heat collection tubes 26 are arranged in a "V" shape, as shown in Figure 5, that is, on the cross-sectional direction perpendicular to the axis of the heat pipe vacuum heat collection tubes, the heat pipe vacuum heat collection tubes are arranged in a letter "V" shape, in the letter " There are heat pipes and vacuum heat collectors evenly distributed on each slanted line of "V". This arrangement is conducive to receiving more solar energy on the one hand, and on the other hand, it makes the heat exchange effect in the heat collection box better.

The cross-section of the stainless steel plate support 23 is a right triangle, and the inclined plane of the stainless steel plate support 23 is inclined at an angle of 30-75 degrees to the ground.

The drying system comprises a drying box 8, a circulation fan 3, a dividing plate 30 and an auxiliary electric heater 11;

The box body of the drying box 8 is composed of heat-insulating materials, and a cavity with a rectangular cross-section is formed inside. A closed cover 83 is provided at the front for loading and unloading wood; air outlets and inlets 81, 82 are respectively arranged at the left end or the right end; the top is also provided with an exhaust gas. The mouth 27 is used to discharge the moisture after the wood is dried;

Circulation blower 3 is installed in drying box 8 and offers air inlet and outlet wherein one side, and is positioned at the top of air inlet and outlet. Turn on the circulation blower 3 so that the dry hot air entering the drying box 8 flows smoothly in the drying box, and make the dry hot air pass through the wood to be dried, heating and drying the wood;

Partition plate 30 is used for placing the wood to be dried, and is located at the bottom of the drying box, above the auxiliary electric heater 11;

The auxiliary electric heater 11 is installed at the bottom of the drying box, and the electric heating makes the drying box 8 heat up to make up for the lack of heat in the drying box, so that the wood drying process can be carried out continuously without interruption, thereby shortening the drying cycle. The auxiliary electric heater is mainly used in winter, night or continuous rainy days.

The heat storage system includes a heat storage tank 13, a heat storage pipe 14 and a heat storage pipe support 15;

The heat storage tank 13 is made of heat-insulating material, and a cavity with a rectangular cross-section is formed inside. A heat storage tank closing cover 133 is provided at the front for adding or taking out heat storage tubes 14; air inlets and outlets 131 are provided at the left and right ends respectively. , 132;

The heat storage pipe bracket 15 for placing the heat storage pipe 14 is placed in the heat storage tank 13 . The heat storage tubes 14 are cylindrical metal tubes that are independent of each other, closed at both ends, and filled with phase change materials. They are arranged in a fork row or in a straight row, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 .

The cross-arrangement of heat storage tubes 14 means that the heat storage tubes are arranged in rows, the heat storage tubes 14 in two adjacent rows are arranged in a staggered manner, and the distance between any two heat storage tubes between two adjacent horizontal rows is equal, as shown in Figure 6 As shown; the arrangement of heat storage tubes 14 means that the heat storage tubes are arranged in rows, the heat storage tubes 14 in two adjacent rows are arranged in parallel, and any adjacent four heat storage tubes 14 between two adjacent rows are arranged in a square, as shown in the figure 7.

What the heat storage pipe 14 of the present utility model used is aluminum material, and phase-change material paraffin is housed inside it, and the length of the heat storage pipe is 30-100cm.

The automatic or manual control system includes a thermocouple temperature sensor 31 , electric valves 4 and 10 , two-way electric valves 6 , centrifugal fans 5 and 17 and a control box 22 .

The heat energy collected by the heat collection box 1 is transmitted to the drying system through the centrifugal fan 5, the electric valve 4, the two-way electric valve 6 and the pipelines 2 and 7; thermal system.

The heat collecting system and the drying system are connected through the pipelines 2, 7, 19, 20, the electric valve 4, the bidirectional electric valve 6 and the centrifugal fan 5 to form a closed circulation pipeline. The centrifugal fan 5 is arranged between the heat collecting box 1 and the drying box 8 . On the pipeline 2 between the heat collecting box 1 and the centrifugal fan 5, an electric valve 4 for controlling the on-off of the pipeline is also arranged, the electric valve 6 is a two-way valve, and the electric valve 4 is a one-way valve. Manual or automatic control system controls the opening and closing states of electric valves 4, 6 and centrifugal fan 5.

The heat storage system and the heat collection system are connected through pipelines 2, 9, 12, 16, 18, 20, electric valves 4, 10 and centrifugal fans 5, 17 to form a closed circulation pipeline, wherein the electric valves 4, 10 are single to the valve. The heat energy from the heat collection box 1 of the heat collection system (that is, the hot air as the heat transfer medium) enters the heat storage box 13 after passing through the pipeline 2, the electric valve 4, the centrifugal fan 5, the pipeline 9, the electric valve 10 and the pipeline 12, and the heat The air heats the heat storage tube 14 in the heat storage tank 13 and the heat storage material inside, and the temperature of the heat storage material increases gradually, and at the same time, the obtained heat is stored in the form of sensible heat. When the phase transition temperature of the heat storage material is reached, the heat storage material begins to melt and store the heat in the form of latent heat. Finally, after all the heat storage material melts, the heat storage material exists in a liquid state. Continue heating, and the heat obtained is again Stored as sensible heat. Finally, until the heat storage box reaches the set temperature, the cold air circulates back to the heat collection box 1 of the heat collection system through the pipeline 16, the centrifugal fan 17, the pipeline 18, and 20, and is heated again to form hot air as a heat transfer medium. Heat storage cycle.

The heat storage system is connected to the drying system through pipelines 7, 9, 12, 16, 18, 19, electric valve 10, two-way electric valve 6, and centrifugal fan 17 to form a closed circulation pipeline. The centrifugal fan 17 is arranged between the pipes 16 and 18 between the heat storage tank 13 and the drying box 8, and the centrifugal fan 17 provides the power for the air flow heated by the heat storage system. An electric valve 6 is set between the pipelines 7 and 9 from the drying box 8 to the heat storage tank 13, and the electric valve 6 is a two-way electric valve; an electric valve 10 is set between the pipelines 9 and 12.

The heat collecting box 1, the drying box 8, and the heat storage box 13 are respectively provided with a thermocouple temperature sensor 31 to detect the temperature in the heat collecting box 1, the drying box 8 and the heat storage box 13 in real time respectively, and the thermocouple temperature sensor 31 passes through the circuit Linked with the automatic or manual control system 22, the process of wood drying and thermal energy storage can be controlled smoothly through the automatic control system.

The automatic or manual control system 22 is installed on the side vertical to the ground of the stainless steel plate support 23, and is connected with the thermocouple temperature sensor 31 through a circuit. The thermocouple temperature sensors are respectively arranged in the heat collecting box, the drying box, and the heat storage box, and the measured temperature of the heat collecting box 1 is T1; the temperature of the drying box 8 is T2; the temperature of the heat storage box 13 is T3; the temperature of the drying box 8 The preset drying temperature of the wood 21 to be dried is T.

The automatic or manual control system compares the temperatures actually measured by the thermocouple temperature sensor 31 (ie T1, T2, T3,) with the drying temperature (T) set during the wood drying process, and controls according to different comparison results. The valves in the drying equipment and the opening or closing of the centrifugal fan.

The manual or automatic control system is also connected with the auxiliary electric heater 11 through a circuit, and controls the auxiliary electric heater 11 to be turned on or off.

The automatic or manual control cycle flow chart of the solar drying device is shown in Figure 8.

The mobile system includes a pull rod 25, a base 32 and any steering wheel 24. The pull rod 25 is installed on one end of the base 32 through bolts; any steering wheel 24 is installed under the base 32. By pulling or turning the pull rod 25, the entire drying device can be pulled and rotated. , to realize the movement of the entire drying device in any direction, so as to receive and convert solar energy to the maximum extent.

The tie rod 25 of the present invention is welded by two long and short cylindrical steel pipes to form a "T"-shaped structure, wherein the shorter horizontal steel pipe is the place where people hold and apply pulling force or thrust, and the longer vertical steel pipe passes through the bolt and the base 32 connected.

Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 8-12 describe in detail the working process of the utility model solar drying device.

The drying temperature of wood to be dried 21 in the drying box 8 is set as T among the present invention; The thermocouple temperature sensor 31 of automatic or manual control system measures the temperature in the heat collecting box 1 to be T1; The temperature of the drying box 8 is T2; The temperature of the hot box 13 is T3.

1. The wood to be dried is placed in the drying box 8, and after closing the drying box cover 83, the solar drying device is placed in the sun, and the heat pipe vacuum heat collecting tube 26 faces the sun, so as to fully absorb solar energy;

2. Open the power supply of the automatic control system, set the drying temperature T of the wood 21 to be dried by the automatic or manual control box 22, and measure T1, T2, T3 by the thermocouple temperature sensor 31;

3. The automatic control system compares the measured temperature T1, T2, T3 with the wood setting drying temperature T to supply heat and dry the wood;

①: When T2≥T, T1<T3, the drying medium only circulates inside the drying box 8, the circulation fan 3 is turned on, the automatic or manual control system controls the remaining centrifugal fans and electric valves to close, and the hot air of the drying medium is in the drying box 8 internal circulation, drying wood 21 to be dried, as shown in Figure 9.

②: When T2≥T, T1>T3, the heat storage system stores heat and the drying system dries wood, that is, the automatic or manual control system controls the two-way electric valve 6 to close, and simultaneously controls the electric valves 4, 10, and centrifugal fans 5, 17 to open . The heat energy in the heat collection box 1 enters the heat storage tank 13 in the form of hot air through the pipeline 2, the electric valve 4, the centrifugal fan 5, the pipeline 9, the electric valve 10, and the pipeline 12, and heats the heat storage pipe 14 and the phase change heat storage in the pipe. materials, store energy, and the air after transferring heat energy flows back into the heat collecting box 1 through the pipeline 16, the centrifugal fan 17, the pipeline 18 and the pipeline 20 in sequence, and is heated again in the heat collecting box to form hot air, which flows into the storage tank cyclically. The heat box performs heat exchange and stores heat, as shown in Figure 10.

The circulation fan 3 is opened, and the drying medium only circulates in the drying box 8 to dry the wood.

③: When T2<T, T1>T2, the heat collecting system supplies energy for the drying system to dry wood, that is, the automatic control system controls the electric valve 10 and the centrifugal fan 17 to close, controls the electric valves 4 and 6, and the centrifugal fan 5 to open. The heat energy in the heat collecting box 1 enters the drying box 8 in the form of hot air through the pipeline 2, the electric valve 4, the centrifugal fan 5, the pipeline 7 and the two-way electric valve 6 to supply energy for the drying box 8 and heat the air in the drying box 8. Air and wood exchange heat energy, and the air after heat exchange flows back into the heat collection box 1 through the pipeline 19 and the pipeline 20 in turn, and is heated again in the heat collection box to form hot air, which flows into the drying box for heat exchange in a reciprocating manner. Until the temperature T2≥T in the drying box 8, the circulation fan 3 is turned on to dry the wood, as shown in FIG. 11 .

④: When T2<T, T1<T2, T3>T2, the heat storage system supplies energy for the drying system to dry wood, that is, the automatic or manual control system controls the electric valve 4, the centrifugal fan 5 is closed, and the circulating fan 3 is controlled, two-way Electric valve 6,10 and centrifugal fan 17 are opened. The heat stored in the heat storage box 13 enters the drying box 8 in the form of hot air successively through the pipeline 16, the centrifugal fan 17, the pipelines 18, 19, supplies energy for the drying box 8, heats the air and wood in the drying box 8, and carries out heat energy. Exchange, the air after heat exchange flows back to the heat storage tank 13 through the two-way electric valve 6, pipelines 7, 9, electric valve 10, and pipeline 12 in sequence, and is heated again in the heat storage tank to form hot air, which flows into the drying box in a reciprocating manner. Perform heat exchange until the temperature T2≥T in the drying box 8, turn on the circulation fan 3, and dry the wood, as shown in Figure 12.

⑤: When T2<T, T1<T2, T3<T2, the auxiliary electric heater of the drying system supplies energy for the drying system, and the wood is dried, that is, the automatic or manual control system controls the auxiliary electric heater 11 to start for electric heating, Supply energy to the drying box 8, heat the air and wood in the drying box until the temperature in the drying box 8 is T2≥T, turn on the circulation fan 3, and at the same time, the automatic control system controls the rest of the centrifugal fans and electric valves to close, and the drying medium is drying Circulation flows in the box 8, and the wood 21 is dried, as shown in FIG. 9 .

The working conditions of each centrifugal fan, electric valve and auxiliary electric heating under different temperature conditions are as follows:

Table 1 Switching conditions of fans, valves and electric heating under different processes

Centrifugal fan 5 Centrifugal fan 17 Electric valve 4 Two-way electric valve 6 Electric valve 10 Electric heater 11 ① x × x × × × ② √ √ √ × √ × ③ √ × √ √ × × ④ x √ x √ √ × ⑤ x × x × × √

Note: × means off state, √ means on state

It can be seen from the above five circulation processes that the main heat source of the device is solar energy, and the auxiliary electric heater 11 is only started under the most unfavorable weather conditions, so that the maximum use of solar energy can be made, thereby saving electric energy and reducing operating costs .

For the convenience of use, this control system also has a manual control part, which can manually control the switches of various fans, valves and auxiliary electric heating to meet different needs in actual operation.

In addition, the control system can record the temperature changes of the three boxes and the environment at each moment, the working time and energy consumption of each process, so that the operating cost analysis under different processes can be made, and the optimal drying process can be formulated. Provide evidence.

Claims (10)

1. A solar drying device, comprising a heat collection system, a drying system and a heat storage system connected by pipelines, wherein, The heat collection system includes a heat pipe vacuum heat collection tube (26) for collecting solar energy, a heat collection box (1) that converts the solar energy collected by the heat pipe vacuum heat collection tube (26) into heat energy that can be used, and the heat collection box (1) is wrapped in the heat pipe vacuum heat collector. The upper part of the heat pipe (26); The drying system includes a drying box (8) for placing wood to be dried and a circulating fan (3) installed inside the drying box to promote air flow in the drying box (8); The heat storage system includes a heat storage tank (13) for storing the heat delivered by the heat collection system, and a heat storage tube (14) placed inside the heat storage tank and equipped with a phase-change heat storage material for converting thermal energy into phase-change heat storage . 2. The drying device according to claim 1, characterized in that the drying system further includes an auxiliary electric heater (11), which is used to provide the drying system with heat required for drying when the internal heat of the drying system is insufficient. 3. The drying device according to claim 2, characterized in that the auxiliary electric heater (11) is installed at the bottom of the drying box (8) to provide heat for the drying system through electric heating. 4. as any described drying device of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that the length of the heat pipe vacuum heat collecting tube (26) in the described heat collecting box (1) is 20-50cm, and the length of the heat collecting box (1) The heat pipe vacuum heat collection tube (26) is wrapped with annular metal fins (29), and the fins (29) are coaxial with the heat pipe vacuum heat collection tube (26). 5. as any described drying device of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that the heat pipe vacuum heat collection tube (26) and the heat collection box (1) of the heat collection system are placed obliquely, wherein, the heat pipe vacuum heat collection pipe (26) and The ground slope angle is 30-75 degrees. 6. The drying device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the heat pipes and vacuum heat collection pipes (26) of the heat collection system are arranged in a "V" shape. 7. The drying device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that the heat storage pipes (14) of the heat storage system are arranged in the heat storage tank (13) in a fork row or in a straight row through the heat storage pipe support (15). ), realize the heat storage. 8. as any described drying device of claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that also comprising automatic or manual control system, by the temperature measured by the temperature sensor (31) that is respectively installed in heat collection system, drying system and heat storage system Controlling the opening or closing of the valves (4, 6, 10) and centrifugal fans (5, 17) installed on the pipelines connecting the heat collection system, the drying system and the heat storage system realizes the drying of wood or the storage of heat. 9. The drying device as claimed in claim 8, characterized in that the automatic or manual control system is located below the heat pipe vacuum heat collecting tube 26 of the heat collecting system. 10. as any described drying device of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that also comprising mobile system, described moving system comprises the pull bar (25) of pulling or rotating drying device; Base (32) and turning wheel that fixedly install drying device (24), wherein pull bar (25) is fixedly installed on the front portion of base (23), and steering wheel (24) is fixedly installed on the bottom of base (32).

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