CN106571504A - Heat storage system used for maintaining temperature of energy storage batteries to be constant - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of energy storage, and discloses a heat storage system for maintaining a constant temperature of an energy storage battery, including an insulated battery compartment and a heat storage compartment, the battery compartment is used for storing batteries, and the heat storage compartment is used for storing energy Heat unit; heat storage unit, the heat storage unit can use the electric energy stored in the battery to generate heat and store heat; and the air duct connecting the battery compartment and the heat storage compartment, the air flows from the battery compartment into the heat storage compartment through the air duct. After heating, the heated air flows into the battery compartment through the air duct. The invention can convert the excess electric energy during the day into thermal energy and store it in the heat storage unit, and supply heat to the battery compartment through the heat storage unit when the temperature of the battery compartment is lower than the set temperature, without consuming the electric energy stored in the battery, which improves the energy storage The available power of the system reduces the operating cost of the energy storage system.

Description

A heat storage system for maintaining a constant temperature of an energy storage battery

technical field

The invention relates to the field of energy storage, in particular to a heat storage system for maintaining a constant temperature of an energy storage battery.

Background technique

In order to solve the problem of electricity consumption for residents in remote areas without electricity, the state has invested in the construction of various large-scale photovoltaic power generation and wind power generation systems, and configured energy storage systems in the backbone network or local area network to store electricity generated by photovoltaic or wind power through batteries. store.

The battery used in the energy storage system is sensitive to temperature. Too low or too high temperature will affect the life and capacity of the battery. Therefore, the energy storage system is usually designed with a temperature control system to maintain a constant temperature of the battery. Currently, the commonly used temperature control The system includes an air conditioner or heat exchanger with heating function. When the external ambient temperature is low, the electric energy stored in the battery is used to generate heat to maintain the ambient temperature. For cold regions, the battery is in a state of heating and heat preservation for a long time, and a large amount of electric energy stored in the battery will be consumed by electric heating, especially during the peak hours of electricity consumption at night. This contradiction is most obvious.

Contents of the invention

In order to overcome the deficiencies of the prior art, the present invention provides a heat storage system for maintaining a constant temperature of an energy storage battery.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve its technical problems is:

A heat storage system for maintaining a constant temperature of an energy storage battery, comprising

Heat storage unit, the heat storage unit can use the electric energy stored in the battery to generate heat and store heat;

Insulated battery compartment and heat storage compartment, the battery compartment is used to store batteries, and the heat storage compartment is used to store heat storage units;

And the air duct connecting the battery compartment and the heat storage compartment, the air flows from the battery compartment into the heat storage compartment through the air duct for heating, and the heated air then flows into the battery compartment through the air duct.

As a further improvement of the above scheme, the heat storage unit includes a heat storage brick and a heating pipe. The heat storage brick is made of concrete mixed with metal heat-conducting powder. The heat storage tube is embedded in the heat storage brick and formed outside the heat storage brick Terminals.

As a further improvement of the above solution, the heat storage unit includes barbed wire, and the barbed wire is enveloped on the outside of the heat storage brick and is in thermal contact with the heat storage brick.

As a further improvement of the above solution, the heat storage bricks are provided with a number of through ventilation holes, and the heating pipes are interspersed between the air ducts to form a continuous U-shaped pipe.

As a further improvement of the above solution, it includes a heat storage cabinet for placing the heat storage unit. The heat storage cabinet can isolate the heat exchange between the space inside the cabinet and the outside world. The heat storage cabinet is provided with an air inlet and an air outlet. The air outlet and the hot air duct of the battery compartment, the cold air flows into the heat storage cabinet from the air inlet, and flows into the battery compartment through the hot air duct after being heated by the heat storage unit.

As a further improvement of the above solution, a heat insulation board is provided on the inner wall of the heat storage cabinet, and a reflective layer is provided on the side of the heat insulation board facing the inner space of the heat storage cabinet, and the air inlet and the air outlet are respectively arranged on the sides of the heat storage cabinet. At the bottom and top, several heat storage units are stacked, and the heat storage units are provided with vertical ventilation holes.

As a further improvement of the above solution, it includes a battery cabinet for placing batteries. The battery cabinet includes a cabinet body, a windshield and a main fan. A cavity for storing batteries is provided in the cabinet body. The air inlet of the air cover completely covers the air outlet, and the air outlet is equipped with a main fan, which is used to form an air flow through the entire cavity.

As a further improvement of the above solution, the front side of the cabinet is the air inlet surface, and the rear side is the air outlet surface. The batteries are stacked on the support, and there are gaps for airflow between adjacent batteries. There are ventilation holes, which run through the battery in the direction of air flow.

As a further improvement of the above scheme, it includes a container, the internal space of the container is separated into a battery compartment and a heat storage compartment by a heat insulation board, the air duct runs through the heat insulation board, and the air duct includes air ducts respectively arranged on the top and bottom of the heat insulation board. The hot air duct and the cold air duct are equipped with fans in both the hot and cold air ducts.

As a further improvement of the above solution, it includes a control system that can monitor the ambient temperature, light intensity, battery compartment temperature and heat storage compartment temperature, and can adjust the heat storage capacity in the heat storage unit based on the ambient temperature and light intensity, and The heat transferred from the heat storage compartment to the battery compartment is adjusted based on the temperature of the battery compartment.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are:

The excess electric energy during the day can be converted into thermal energy and stored in the heat storage unit. When the temperature of the battery compartment is lower than the set temperature, the heat storage unit can supply heat to the battery compartment without consuming the electric energy stored in the battery, which improves the efficiency of the energy storage system. The available electricity reduces the operating cost of the energy storage system.

The present invention preferably divides the container into a heat storage compartment and a battery compartment, which can reduce heat leakage during the heat exchange process, improve heat exchange efficiency, and facilitate system maintenance.

The present invention is preferably also equipped with a control system, which can monitor the temperature of the battery compartment, and control the opening and closing and speed of the fan in the battery cabinet and the air duct according to the temperature of the battery, so as to ensure the constant temperature of the battery, and at the same time monitor the ambient temperature and light intensity. According to the temperature of the heat storage bin, according to the change of the local ambient temperature, the leakage heat is automatically estimated, and the heating power and heating time of the heat storage unit are predicted and adjusted in time to ensure the heat required for the normal operation of the energy storage system and make the use of heat energy more reasonable. and full.

Description of drawings

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

Fig. 1 is a top view of an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an embodiment of the heat storage unit of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is an exploded schematic diagram of an embodiment of the heat storage unit of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of an embodiment of the heat storage cabinet of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is an exploded schematic diagram of an embodiment of the heat storage cabinet of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a schematic perspective view of stacking heat storage units of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of the battery cabinet of the present invention.

detailed description

The idea, specific structure and technical effects of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments and accompanying drawings, so as to fully understand the purpose, scheme and effect of the present invention. It should be noted that, in the case of no conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other.

It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, when a feature is called "fixed" or "connected" to another feature, it can be directly fixed and connected to another feature, or indirectly fixed and connected to another feature. on a feature. In addition, descriptions such as up, down, left, and right used in the present invention are only relative to the mutual positional relationship of the components of the present invention in the drawings.

Also, unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art. The terms used in the specification herein are for describing specific embodiments only, and are not intended to limit the present invention. As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any combination of one or more of the associated listed items.

Referring to Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, a plan view and a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention are shown respectively, and the top part of the warehouse is hidden in Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 . The basic concept of the present invention is to place the battery in a heat-insulated battery compartment, and at the same time set up a heat-insulated heat storage compartment, and a number of heat storage units are placed in the heat storage compartment. At the same time, the ambient temperature is high) can convert the excess electric energy stored in the battery into heat, and store the heat, and at night (peak electricity consumption, while the ambient temperature is low) release the heat in the heat storage unit to In the battery compartment, there is no need to consume the electric energy stored in the battery.

As shown in the figure, the present invention preferably installs a battery compartment and a heat storage compartment in the container 100. As a mature storage structure, the container can be conveniently transported and is suitable for mobile energy storage in remote areas. Retrofitting can also greatly reduce the workload and time-consuming of production and processing, which is more practical. Of course, the present invention can also set battery compartments and heat storage compartments in houses. In order to meet the heat insulation requirements, the side walls of the container are provided with insulation layers.

The container 100 is divided into the above-mentioned battery compartment 101 and heat storage compartment 102 by a heat insulation board 110. The battery compartment 101 and the heat storage compartment 102 are located in the same container through the compartment design, which is convenient for maintenance and shortens the heat exchange path , helps to reduce heat loss during heat exchange. The battery and the heat storage unit are respectively stored in the battery compartment 101 and the heat storage compartment 102 through the battery cabinet 200 and the heat storage cabinet 300. The heat insulation board 110 is provided with an air duct connecting the battery compartment and the heat storage compartment. The battery compartment 101 flows into the heat storage compartment 102 for heating, and the heated air then flows into the battery compartment 101 through the air duct to maintain a constant temperature inside the compartment.

In addition, the container is provided with a door leading to the battery compartment 101 and the heat storage compartment 102, as well as a hoisting structure, which can cooperate with lifting equipment to realize the transshipment of the container.

Each component is described in detail below.

Referring to FIG. 3 and FIG. 4 , there are respectively shown a three-dimensional schematic view and an exploded schematic view of an embodiment of the heat storage unit of the present invention, including heat storage bricks 410 , heat pipes 420 , barbed wire 430 and angle irons 440 .

As the main structure of the heat storage unit, the heat storage brick 410 is made of concrete mixed with metal heat-conducting powder. Specifically, cement, metal powder, sand, and gravel are mixed evenly in a certain proportion, and then poured into a mold to solidify and form. The diameter of the gravel is preferably not greater than 10 cm. The materials used for heat storage bricks are very easy to obtain, the processing technology is simple, and the production cost is low, which is suitable for the heat storage needs of farmers in remote areas in winter; at the same time, the heat storage bricks are made of concrete. The metal heat-conducting powder can diffuse the heat emitted by the heat pipe 420 to the entire brick body, and can effectively improve the service life of the heat storage unit without affecting the heat storage.

The heating pipe 420 is embedded in the heat storage brick 410, and can generate heat by using electric energy, and the heat can be transferred to the heat storage brick 410 for storage. The outside of the heat brick 410 forms a connecting terminal 4201, which is used for external power connection. At the same time, the outer side of the heat pipe 420 is preferably provided with spiral fins (not shown in the figure), and the spiral fins can increase the heat dissipation efficiency of the heat pipe. Reduce the heating time and improve the temperature uniformity of the heat storage unit.

The heat storage brick 410 is provided with a number of ventilation holes 4101 for cooling air passing through to take away the heat of the brick body, so as to realize the rapid heat release of the heat storage brick 410 . In this embodiment, the ventilation holes 4101 connect the front and rear surfaces of the heat storage bricks 410 and are distributed row by row. The heating pipes 420 are interspersed between the ventilation holes 4101 to form a continuous U-shaped pipe to ensure that the heating pipes are evenly distributed in the heat storage area. The interior of Brick 410.

The outer side of the heat storage brick 410 is surrounded by barbed wire 430, which is located on the front and rear sides of the heat storage brick 410, and is in thermal contact with the heat storage brick. On the one hand, the wire mesh 430 can improve the structural strength of the heat storage unit, and on the other hand, can further improve the temperature uniformity of the heat storage unit through its own heat conduction.

The angle iron 440 is fixed on the left and right sides of the heat storage brick 410. Specifically, one side wall is pre-embedded in the heat storage brick 410, and the other side wall forms a support rib protruding from the front side of the heat storage brick 410. The support rib can When the two heat storage bricks 410 are stacked, a ventilation gap is formed at the outlet of the ventilation hole, so as to avoid obstruction to the ventilation.

In addition, the heat storage unit also includes a temperature switch (not shown) and a temperature sensor (not shown). The temperature sensor is used to monitor the temperature of the heat storage brick, and trigger the temperature switch when the temperature of the heat storage brick reaches or falls below the set temperature. Switch, stop or start the heat pipe to maintain the heat stored in the heat storage brick within the set range.

The heat storage unit can be directly placed in the heat storage bin. However, this method has high requirements on the heat insulation performance of the heat storage bin. At the same time, the heat storage unit will also heat the air in the bin, resulting in heat loss. Therefore, this In the invention, the heat storage unit is preferably stored through the heat storage cabinet 300. The heat storage cabinet can isolate the heat exchange between the inner space of the cabinet and the outside world. It is also provided with an air inlet and an air outlet, wherein the air outlet communicates with the battery compartment through an air duct. , to ensure that the heated air is sent directly to the battery compartment, maximizing the avoidance of heat loss.

Referring to FIG. 5 and FIG. 6 , there are shown a schematic perspective view and an exploded schematic view of an embodiment of the heat storage cabinet of the present invention, including a cabinet body 310 , a cabinet door 320 and a heat insulation board 330 .

The cabinet 310 is a rectangular cabinet structure surrounded by multiple cabinet walls. An opening for the heat storage unit 400 to enter and exit is provided on the front side of the cabinet. The cabinet door 320 is used to open/close the opening. A storage cavity is formed, and the heat storage units 400 are stacked in the storage cavity, and the connection terminals are preferably facing the opening, so as to facilitate wiring. The top of the cabinet 310 is provided with the air outlet, and the bottom is provided with the air inlet (not shown) to adapt to the distribution of cold air and hot air. In the present invention, the air inlet is provided with self-hanging louvers for ventilation. The air inlet can be closed when there is no wind.

In order to ensure the heat insulation performance of the heat storage cabinet, the present invention designs a variety of heat insulation structures, including the heat insulation board 330 arranged on the inner side wall of the cabinet body 310 and the cabinet door 320, and when the cabinet door 320 closes the opening, heat insulation The plate 330 surrounds the storage cavity to isolate the heat exchange between the storage cavity and the outside world. In this embodiment, the heat insulation plate 330 is preferably composed of a microporous heat insulation plate and a ceramic fiber board. Of course, other known materials can also be used. made of materials.

At the same time, there is a heat insulation gap between the heat storage unit 400 and the cabinet body 310 and the cabinet door 320. Preferably, the heat insulation gap is 20-30mm, which can prevent the heat storage unit 400 from contacting the cabinet body 310 and the cabinet door 320. , using the low thermal conductivity of the air to reduce the heat transfer from the heat storage unit 400 to the cabinet, thereby avoiding heat loss. Specifically, a number of limit frames 340 are provided on the side wall of the cabinet body 310, and the limit frames protrude a certain distance from the inner wall of the cabinet. When the heat storage unit 400 is placed in the storage cavity, the limit frames 340 and the heat storage unit The sides of 400 are butted to form a heat insulating gap.

In addition, the heat insulation board 330 is provided with a reflective layer on the side facing the storage cavity, and the reflective layer can reduce the radiation heat transfer from the heat storage unit to the cabinet body, further reducing heat loss.

Referring to FIG. 7 , it shows a schematic perspective view of stacking heat storage units. The heat storage units 400 are stacked layer by layer along the vertical direction. The upper heat storage unit 400 rests on the angle iron 440 of the next heat storage unit 400 to form a ventilation gap. The gap can ensure that the airflow can pass through each heat storage unit 400 one by one.

Similarly, the batteries can also be directly stacked in the battery compartment. Due to the high stacking density of the batteries, it is difficult to ensure the uniformity of the battery temperature in this way. Based on this, the battery cabinet 200 is preferably used to store the batteries in this embodiment. Referring to FIG. 8 , it shows a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of the battery cabinet of the present invention. The battery cabinet includes a cabinet body 210 , a windshield 220 , a main fan 230 and a control module 240 .

In this embodiment, the cabinet body 210 is preferably a frame structure, specifically a rectangular box structure composed of a plurality of vertical columns 2110 and a plurality of horizontal columns 2120 arranged between the vertical columns 2110, wherein the vertical columns 2110 and the horizontal columns 2120 are surrounded to form The cavity for storing the battery 500, the horizontal column 2120 is distributed along the vertical direction, the battery 500 is placed on the horizontal column 2120, and a gap for air flow is formed between adjacent batteries, further, the battery 500 is also provided with There are gaps for airflow to pass through.

The front, rear, left, and right sides of the cabinet body 210 are designed to be open, and the area of the open part is not smaller than the cross-sectional area of the cavity, so as to ensure that the batteries 500 inside the cavity have airflow through them. In order to correspond to the ventilation gap between the batteries and inside the battery, the front side of the cabinet body 210 is the air inlet surface, and the rear side is the air outlet surface. Of course, the left and right side walls of the cabinet body 210 can also be used as the air inlet surface to increase the air volume.

Wind cover 220 is located at the back side of cabinet body 210, is connected with cabinet body 210 to form air duct, and wind cover 220 can be a whole wind cover, also can be the combination of a plurality of wind covers, the inlet of air channel in the wind cover The air outlets should completely cover the air outlet surface, so that when the main fan 230 at the air outlet of the air duct is activated, the air flow will evenly pass through the entire cavity to ensure the uniformity of the battery temperature.

Preferably, the air outlet of the windshield 220 is arranged on the top of the cabinet body 210. In order to make up for the lack of air volume below, an auxiliary fan (not shown in the figure) is also provided below the cabinet body 210. The auxiliary fan can be used simultaneously with the main fan. Draw air outward.

In addition, multiple sets of main fans 230 are preferably provided in this embodiment, and each set of main fans 230 includes two fans. Each set of main fans can be turned on and off independently and the speed can be adjusted, and they are respectively associated with the control module 240 below. By controlling the temperature sensor inside the module, the battery temperature is monitored in real time, and the number and speed of the main fan are adjusted according to the temperature of the battery. In this way, the differential control of the main fan can be realized and the loss of energy can be reduced.

The control module 240 is arranged under the cabinet body 210 , the front side of the module (corresponding to the front side of the cabinet body) is provided with a number of ventilation holes, and the rear part is provided with the above-mentioned auxiliary fan.

The arrows in the figure indicate the flow direction of the airflow. As shown in the figure, the arrows at each battery point inward (for the sake of easy understanding of the figure, only the arrows are shown on the outside of the device, in fact, each battery can enter the air), indicating that the air Full access to the interior of the cavity from each battery. The arrows at the main and auxiliary fans point outward, indicating that the air flows through each battery and out of the two fans. Since the air flow can evenly flow through each battery, it can effectively ensure the uniformity of the internal temperature of the battery pack.

Referring to Fig. 2, the air duct of the present invention includes a hot air duct and a cold air duct respectively arranged on the top and bottom of the heat insulation board 110, wherein the hot air duct includes an air duct 120 connecting the air outlet of the heat storage cabinet and the battery compartment (Only the part of the air duct inside the battery compartment is shown in the figure), the cold air duct includes the return air duct 130 . There are fans in the hot and cold air ducts, and the speed of the fans can be intelligently adjusted according to the temperature in the battery compartment.

The present invention is also provided with a control system, which can monitor the temperature of the battery compartment, and control the opening and closing and rotating speed of the fans in the battery cabinet and the air duct according to the temperature of the battery, so as to ensure the constant temperature of the battery and monitor the ambient temperature at the same time. The intensity of light and the temperature of the heat storage bin, according to the change of the local ambient temperature, automatically predicts the heat leakage, and timely predicts and adjusts the heating power and heating time of the heat storage unit to ensure the heat required for the normal operation of the energy storage system and make the use of heat energy more reasonable and adequate.

The above is a specific description of the preferred implementation of the present invention, but the invention is not limited to the described embodiments, those skilled in the art can also make various equivalent deformations or replacements without violating the spirit of the present invention , these equivalent modifications or replacements are all within the scope defined by the claims of the present application.

Claims (10)

1. a kind of heat reservoir for maintaining energy-storage battery temperature constant, it is characterised in that include

Heat storage units, the heat storage units can utilize the electric energy of the battery memory storage to produce heat, and can storing heat；

Battery compartment that can be heat-insulated and heat accumulation storehouse, the battery compartment is used for storage battery, and the heat accumulation storehouse is used to store the heat accumulation Unit；

And the air channel in the connection battery compartment and heat accumulation storehouse, air is through the air channel by the battery compartment inflow heat accumulation Heated in storehouse, the air after heating is flowed in the battery compartment again by the air channel.

2. the heat reservoir for maintaining energy-storage battery temperature constant according to claim 1, it is characterised in that the storage Hot cell includes heat storage brick and heat-generating pipe, and the heat storage brick is made up of the concrete for being contaminated with metal heat-conducting powder, the heating Pipe is embedded in the inside of the heat storage brick.

3. the heat reservoir for maintaining energy-storage battery temperature constant according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the storage Hot cell include wire gauze, the wire gauze envelope in the outside of the heat storage brick, and with heat storage brick thermal conductive contact.

4. the heat reservoir for maintaining energy-storage battery temperature constant according to claim 2, it is characterised in that the storage Hot brick is provided with the air vent of some insertions, and the heat-generating pipe is interspersed between the air channel to form continuous U-tube.

5. the heat reservoir for maintaining energy-storage battery temperature constant according to claim 1, it is characterised in that include using In the heat-storing cabinet for placing the heat storage units, the heat-storing cabinet can completely cut off space and extraneous heat exchange in cabinet, on the heat-storing cabinet Air inlet and air outlet are provided with, the air channel includes the hot-air air channel of the connection air outlet and battery compartment, and cold air is by institute State air inlet and flow into the heat-storing cabinet, the battery compartment is flowed into by the hot-air air channel after heat storage units heating It is interior.

6. the heat reservoir for maintaining energy-storage battery temperature constant according to claim 5, it is characterised in that the storage The inwall of hot cabinet is provided with thermal insulation board, and the thermal insulation board is provided with reflector layer towards the side of heat-storing cabinet inner space, it is described enter Air port is respectively arranged on the bottom and top of the heat-storing cabinet with air outlet, and some heat storage units stackings are placed, the heat accumulation Unit is provided with the air vent of vertical insertion.

7. the heat reservoir for maintaining energy-storage battery temperature constant according to claim 1, it is characterised in that include using In the battery rack for placing the battery, the battery rack includes cabinet, fan housing and main fan, is provided with the cabinet for depositing electricity The cavity in pond, the not ipsilateral of the cabinet is respectively air intake surface and outlet air surface, the fan housing air inlet be completely covered it is described go out Wind face, air outlet is provided with the main fan, and the main fan is used to form the air-flow of the whole cavity of insertion.

8. the heat reservoir for maintaining energy-storage battery temperature constant according to claim 7, it is characterised in that the cabinet The leading flank of body is the air intake surface, and trailing flank is the outlet air surface, and the battery stack is shelved on the support member, adjacent The gap that supply stream passes through is provided between the battery, air vent is additionally provided with the battery, the air vent is along air current flow Direction run through battery.

9. the heat reservoir for maintaining energy-storage battery temperature constant according to claim 1, it is characterised in that including collection Vanning, the inner space of the container is separated into described battery compartment and heat accumulation storehouse, the air channel insertion by a thermal insulation board The thermal insulation board is described warm, cold including the hot-air air channel and cold air air channel that are respectively arranged on the thermal insulation board top and bottom Fan is equipped with air channel.

10. the heat reservoir for maintaining energy-storage battery temperature constant according to any one of claim 1 to 9, it is special Levy and be, including control system, the control system can monitoring of environmental temperature, intensity of illumination, battery compartment temperature and heat accumulation storehouse temperature, And the quantity of heat storage that ambient temperature, intensity of illumination are adjusted in the heat storage units can be based on, and based on battery compartment temperature adjustment institute State the heat that heat accumulation storehouse is transmitted to the battery compartment.