CN201390609Y - New energy-saving and environment-friendly tire crane - Google Patents

Abstract

A new type of energy-saving and environment-friendly tire crane. Energizer composition. The DC bus is connected to the flexible speed governor, and the flexible speed governor is connected to the working motor through the inverter; the voltage stabilizing capacitor and the dynamic braking unit are connected to the DC bus. The two ends of the voltage stabilizing capacitor are respectively connected to the positive and negative stages of the DC bus; the energy storage is connected to the bidirectional DC/DC converter, and is connected in parallel to the DC bus voltage stabilizing capacitor through energy feedback and a flexible controller. The power source can be a battery pack or a three-phase AC power supply. The energy storage device can be a supercapacitor alone, or can be composed of a supercapacitor connected in parallel with a storage battery. It has the advantages of fast high-current charging and discharging, eliminating waste gas and waste oil pollution, easy maintenance, long service life, energy saving and environmental protection, etc. It is suitable for ports and various construction projects.

Description

New energy-saving and environment-friendly tire crane

technical field

The utility model relates to a tire-type crane, in particular to a new type of energy-saving and environment-friendly tire-type crane which utilizes an energy storage device composed of multiple sets of storage batteries and a three-phase AC power supply as a power device and adopts a super capacitor for potential energy recovery and utilization.

technical background

Rubber-tyred cranes are mobile cranes widely used in ports, factories, mines and yards. Because of its long-distance travel, flexible transition, and good mobility, it is widely used. The power device of the tire crane is a diesel-AC (DC) generator set, which distributes electric energy to the DC motors of each working mechanism through a full-digital DC governor, and drives the working mechanisms such as lifting, luffing, slewing and walking respectively. Its operation is characterized by periodic intermittent operation, frequently lifting and lowering, starting and braking the goods. And once the operation starts, it needs to be carried out continuously to achieve ideal loading, unloading and handling efficiency. Starting and braking in just a few seconds requires a lot of power. Under such a huge load change, short-term starting and braking are required, which brings the following disadvantages to the rubber-tyred crane:

1. Diesel - AC (DC) generator set as the power source of the rubber-tyred crane has a large installed capacity. The short-term high-power operation of the tire-type crane requires that the power unit must be equipped with a high-power generator, thereby increasing the installed capacity of the tire-type crane. When starting, the diesel engine must increase the throttle to supply oil, resulting in diesel engine noise. Increased, incomplete diesel combustion, black smoke emissions cause environmental pollution, while increasing fuel consumption, increasing operating costs.

2. Diesel-AC (DC) generator sets produce severe vibration and strong noise during the working process. Vibration and noise not only affect the comfort of the driver's work, but also have a destructive effect on the components of the machine. Diesel - The main noise sources of the alternator are the exhaust noise, intake noise, cooling fan noise, combustion noise and mechanical noise of the diesel engine. The effects of sound insulation, noise reduction and vibration reduction measures for the above noises are not obvious .

3. The energy of rubber-tyred cranes cannot be effectively utilized during work. Rubber-tyred cranes generate a large amount of energy during the process of lowering the hoisting mechanism, moving the luffing mechanism from a small range to a large range, and the braking process of each working mechanism. Since there is no energy feedback system and fast storage unit, the energy is burned by resistance heating. Wasted in vain not only causes energy waste, but also increases the "heat pollution" of the whole machine.

4. The rubber-tyred crane is not stable enough during operation and operation, and has a great impact on the whole machine. The frequent starting and braking of the tire-type crane has a great impact on the diesel-AC (DC) generator set, which not only produces serious black smoke, but also has a greater impact on the control system of the tire-type crane, which is easy to cause damage to electrical components.

5. Diesel-AC (DC) generator sets have a high failure rate and expensive maintenance costs.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above problems, the purpose of this utility model is to provide a new type of energy-saving and environment-friendly tire crane that can be quickly charged and discharged with high current, eliminate waste gas and waste oil pollution, light and simple, clean, easy to maintain, and have a long service life. .

The technical scheme of the utility model is as follows:

Including power unit, hoisting mechanism, luffing mechanism, slewing mechanism and traveling mechanism.

The power device is composed of power source, voltage stabilizing capacitor, flexible governor, inverter, working motor, energy consumption resistor, energy feedback and utilization device, bidirectional DC/DC converter and energy storage device. The power source can be a battery pack or a three-phase AC power supply. The three-phase AC power supply is connected to the DC bus through the rectification device. If it is a battery, the rectification device is not needed, and a changeover switch is added so that the current of the battery does not pass through the rectification device and enters the DC bus. The DC bus is connected to the flexible governor, and the flexible governor is connected to the working motor through the inverter; the voltage stabilizing capacitor and the dynamic braking unit are connected to the DC bus, which respectively play the role of buffering charge and discharge current and safety protection. The two ends of the voltage stabilizing capacitor are respectively connected to the positive and negative stages of the DC bus; the energy storage is connected to the bidirectional DC/DC converter, and is connected in parallel to the DC bus stabilizing capacitor through energy feedback and a flexible controller.

The energy storage device can use supercapacitors alone as energy storage devices, or it can be composed of supercapacitors connected in parallel with batteries in combination with the characteristics of fast charging and discharging of supercapacitors, high power characteristics and large specific energy of batteries.

When the power source of the power unit is a three-phase AC power supply, the alternating current AC is converted into a direct current DC through a rectifier, and the direct current DC is converted into an alternating current AC with a controllable frequency and voltage through a flexible governor and an inverter, and the alternating current AC drives the hoist Mechanism, luffing mechanism and slewing mechanism working motor work, connect the accumulator to the bidirectional DC/DC converter in parallel on the DC bus, monitor the voltage change of the DC bus, and use the characteristics of fast charging and discharging of the super capacitor in the energy accumulator. Charge when the voltage rises, and discharge when the voltage drops. The energy storage uses the characteristics of the super capacitor to store the feedback energy of the system to achieve the purpose of energy saving. When the working motor starts to work, the DC bus voltage shows a downward trend, and the supercapacitor starts to discharge to maintain the DC bus voltage. The voltage at the energy storage terminal drops, and the DC bus voltage drops accordingly. The power supply current of the supercapacitor is automatically determined according to the load current. . Once the DC bus voltage is too high, the energy consumption braking unit will be activated to ensure the safety of the system. The more energy stored in the supercapacitor, the more discharged electricity, the less energy consumption of the unit, the supercapacitor is continuously charged and discharged during the working process of the crane, and the charging and discharging process of the supercapacitor is a physical change, so the whole process is No pollution, zero emissions.

When the power source of the power unit is a battery, since it provides direct current, there is a changeover switch in the power unit, which is connected to the DC bus, so that the current of the battery does not pass through the rectifier and enters the DC bus. When the traveling mechanism is an AC motor, The direct current provided by the battery is converted into alternating current AC whose frequency and voltage can be controlled through the flexible governor and inverter. The alternating current AC is used by the working motor of the traveling mechanism. .

In the hoisting mechanism, the motor drives the drum shaft through the universal joint, gear reducer, and coupling, and drives the drum to wind the wire rope through the full-floating internal expansion clutch to realize the power increase and power drop of the hoisting load. In the luffing mechanism, the motor drives the reel to wind the wire rope through the elastic pin coupling, reducer, and gear coupling, and realizes the luffing movement of the crane boom through the luffing pulley block. In the slewing mechanism, the motor drives the pinion gear to rotate around the large ring gear of the slewing support through the coupling and reducer to realize the positive and negative rotation of the crane. In the traveling mechanism, the electric motor drives the main reducer of the rear axle through the coupling, transmission and universal joint, drives the wheel side reducer through the differential and the half shaft of the rear axle to drive the wheels to roll; the full hydraulic steering is controlled by the steering wheel Distributed pressure oil pushes the steering cylinder piston to drive the steering trapezoidal mechanism to complete the steering action.

The hoisting mechanism consumes electric energy when lifting, and its potential energy is converted into electric energy and fed back to the super capacitor for storage when it is lowered. The luffing mechanism also has a large potential energy feedback and stored in the super capacitor during the pitching process. The traveling mechanism feeds back electric energy to the supercapacitor during braking.

The utility model has the following advantages:

1. Due to the use of energy storage, multiple sets of batteries or three-phase AC power supply as the power source, the exhaust gas and waste oil pollution generated by the unit is eliminated, and the phenomenon of black smoke emitted by the diesel engine during acceleration is completely eliminated. No noise, the driver's work is easy Enhanced comfort. It is not only light and simple, clean and easy to maintain, but also has a long service life, energy saving and environmental protection.

2. The energy storage function of the supercapacitor enables the inertial braking energy of the lifting, luffing, slewing and traveling mechanisms to be fed back and stored in the supercapacitor during the working process, avoiding a large amount of energy being wasted by the heat dissipation of the energy-consuming resistor and eliminating the " thermal pollution". At the same time, the impact of frequent acceleration and deceleration of various working mechanisms, especially the hoisting mechanism, on the crane power system is reduced, and the unstable operation of traditional tire cranes is improved. The installed capacity of the whole machine is reduced, which is conducive to the development of large-scale and light-weight rubber-tyred cranes.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the utility model;

Fig. 2 is the utility model A-A sectional schematic diagram;

Fig. 3 is the utility model B-B sectional schematic diagram;

Fig. 4 is a structural block diagram of the utility model power plant

In the figure: 1. Machine room, 2. Herringbone frame, 3. Arm frame, 4. Hydraulic outrigger, 5. Power unit, 6. Hydraulic system, 7. Electrical system, 8. Turntable mechanism, 9. Lifting mechanism , 10. Luffing mechanism, 11. Slewing mechanism, 12. Air system, 13. Driving axle, 14. Traveling mechanism, 15. Steering axle, 16. Power source, 17. Rectification device, 18. Stabilizing capacitor, 19 . Inverter, 20. Flexible governor, 21. Working motor, 22. Energy consumption resistor, 23. Flexible controller for energy feedback and utilization, 24. Bidirectional DC/DC converter, 25 Energy storage device.

Detailed ways

Implementation mode one:

As shown in FIG. 1 , it includes a power unit, a hoisting mechanism 9 , a luffing mechanism 10 , a turning mechanism 11 and a traveling mechanism 14 . The power device consists of a power source 16, a voltage stabilizing capacitor 18, a flexible governor 19, an inverter 20, a working motor 21, a power consumption resistor 22, an energy feedback and utilization device 23, a bidirectional DC/DC converter 24, a transfer switch and An energy store 25 is formed. The power source 16 is a battery pack, which is provided with a transfer switch and connected to the DC bus, so that the current of the battery pack directly enters the DC bus. The DC bus is connected to the flexible governor 19, and the flexible governor 19 is connected to the working motor 21 through the inverter 20; the voltage stabilizing capacitor 18 and the dynamic braking unit 22 are connected to the DC bus. The two ends of the voltage stabilizing capacitor 18 are respectively connected to the positive and negative stages of the DC bus; the energy storage 25 is connected to the bidirectional DC/DC converter 24 and connected in parallel to the DC bus stabilizing capacitor 18 through energy feedback and flexible controller 23 .

Implementation mode two

It includes a power unit, a hoisting mechanism 9 , a luffing mechanism 10 , a turning mechanism 11 and a traveling mechanism 14 . The power device consists of a power source 16, a rectifying device 17, a voltage stabilizing capacitor 18, a flexible governor 19, an inverter 20, a working motor 21, a power consumption resistor 22, an energy feedback and utilization device 23, and a bidirectional DC/DC converter 24 And accumulator 25 constitutes. The power source 16 is a three-phase AC power supply, which is connected to the DC bus through a rectifier 17 . The DC bus is connected to the flexible governor 19, and the flexible governor 19 converts the DC power from the DC bus into frequency-controllable AC through the inverter 20, and finally provides it to the working motor 21; Active capacitor 18 and dynamic braking unit 22 . The two ends of the voltage stabilizing capacitor 18 are respectively connected to the positive and negative stages of the DC bus; the energy storage 25 is connected to the bidirectional DC/DC converter 24 , and the two are connected in parallel to the DC bus stabilizing capacitor 18 through energy feedback and a flexible controller 23 .

Claims (5)

1. A new type of energy-saving and environment-friendly tire crane, comprising a power unit, a hoisting mechanism, a luffing mechanism, a slewing mechanism and a traveling mechanism; it is characterized in that the power unit consists of a power source (16), a voltage stabilizing capacitor (18), a Speed governor (19), inverter (20), working motor (21), energy consumption resistor (22), energy feedback and utilization device (23), bidirectional DC/DC converter (24) and energy storage device ( 25) composition; the DC bus is connected to the flexible governor (19), and the flexible governor (19) is connected to the working motor (21) through the inverter (20); brake unit (22); the two ends of the voltage stabilizing capacitor (18) are respectively connected to the positive and negative stages of the DC bus; the energy storage device (25) is connected to the bidirectional DC/DC converter (24), and the The controller (23) is connected in parallel to the DC bus stabilizing capacitor (18). 2. The new energy-saving and environment-friendly tire-type crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: the power source (16) is a battery pack, equipped with a transfer switch, and connected to the DC bus. 3. The new energy-saving and environment-friendly tire-type crane according to claim 1, characterized in that: the power source (16) is a three-phase AC power supply, which is connected to the DC bus through a rectification device (17). 4. The new energy-saving and environment-friendly tire-type crane according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: the energy storage device (25) is a supercapacitor. 5. The new energy-saving and environment-friendly tire-type crane according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized in that: the energy storage device (25) is composed of supercapacitors connected in parallel with batteries.

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