CN201340140Y - Low-temperature refrigeration apparatus driven by low-temperature heat source - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model relates to a low-temperature refrigerator driven by a low-temperature heat source. The high-pressure outlet of the generator is respectively connected with an inlet of a low-boiling point working medium gas injector and an inlet of a high-boiling point working medium gas injector; The first regenerator, the second condenser, the second regenerator and the first throttle valve are connected to the inlet of the rectification part; the outlet of the high boiling point working medium of the rectification part is connected to the inlet of the liquid injector, and the outlet of the liquid injector It is connected to the inlet of the generator through the working fluid pump and the first regenerator, the other is connected to the other inlet of the high boiling point injector through the second throttle valve, and the outlet branch of the high boiling point injector is connected to the liquid injection through the first condenser Another inlet of the device; the outlet of the low-boiling point working medium of the rectification part is connected to the inlet of the evaporator through the third throttle valve, and the outlet branch of the evaporator is connected to the other inlet of the low-boiling point injector through the second regenerator. The utility model realizes the small-sized air-cooling of the jet refrigerator, and has stable operation and good energy-saving effect.

Description

A low-temperature refrigerator driven by a low-temperature heat source

technical field

The utility model relates to the technical field of low-temperature refrigeration, in particular to a low-temperature refrigerator driven by a low-temperature heat source.

Background technique

The jet refrigerator is a refrigerator driven by low-temperature and low-grade energy. It uses water, hydrocarbons or hydrofluorocarbons as the refrigerant, which is clean and environmentally friendly. Compared with electric-driven vapor compression refrigerators, ejector refrigerators do not consume electric energy, have fewer moving parts, and do not have the problem of oil return. They can use renewable energy such as solar energy and geothermal energy, and the energy-saving effect is remarkable; compared with absorption refrigerators No absorber and other components are needed, which solves the problem of small-scale air-cooling of absorption refrigerators, lowers the generation temperature, and improves the utilization efficiency of low-grade energy. Therefore, in today's world where petroleum energy is increasingly depleted, jet refrigerators will be more and more widely used.

The traditional ejector refrigerator is mainly composed of a generator, ejector, evaporator, condenser, throttle valve and working medium pump through pipelines to form a refrigeration system. Since the system uses a single-component refrigerant, it is usually Only the refrigeration temperature above 0°C can be obtained, and even the lowest refrigeration temperature is about -10°C, and the efficiency of the existing ejector refrigerator is relatively low, so that the practical application of the ejector refrigerator with the existing structure is restricted. Very restrictive.

Utility model content

The purpose of the utility model is to provide a low-temperature refrigerator driven by a low-temperature heat source capable of realizing the automatic cascade refrigeration cycle of mixed working fluid.

In order to achieve the above object, the utility model adopts the following technical scheme: a low temperature refrigerator driven by a low temperature heat source, including a generator, a low boiling point working medium gas injector, a first regenerator, a second condenser, a working medium pump, The third throttling valve and evaporator, the generator is equipped with a heating device, the refrigerator also includes a second regenerator and rectification components, the high-pressure outlet of the generator is divided into two branches, one is connected with the low boiling point working medium gas One inlet of the injector is connected, and the other is connected with an inlet of a high-boiling-point working fluid gas injector; the outlet of the low-boiling-point working fluid gas injector passes through a heat exchange tube in the first regenerator, the second condenser 1. A heat exchange tube in the second regenerator and the first throttle valve are connected to the inlet of the nozzle in the rectification part, and the nozzle of the rectification part is located below the packing layer in the rectification part; the high boiling point of the rectification part The outlet of the working medium is divided into two routes, one of which is connected to an inlet of a liquid injector, the outlet of the liquid injector is connected to the inlet of the generator through the working medium pump and another heat exchange tube of the first regenerator, and the other is connected to the inlet of the generator through The second throttling valve is connected to another inlet of the high boiling point working medium gas injector, and the outlet branch of the high boiling point working medium gas injector is connected to another inlet of the liquid injector through the first condenser; The outlet of the boiling point working medium is connected to the inlet of the evaporator through the third throttling valve, and the outlet branch of the evaporator is connected to another inlet of the low boiling point working medium gas injector through another heat exchange tube of the second regenerator.

The working medium of the refrigerating machine is a binary mixed working medium formed by mixing a high-boiling point refrigerant and a low-boiling point refrigerant or a multi-element mixed working medium of more than binary.

A liquid storage tank is arranged in series on the branch between the low-boiling-point working medium outlet of the rectifying part and the third throttle valve.

A third regenerator is arranged in series between the outlet of the evaporator and the inlet of the second heat exchange tube of the second regenerator, and the third regenerator is arranged in the cavity of the liquid storage tank for heat exchange.

A condensing evaporator is arranged in series on the pipeline between the outlet of the second throttle valve and the other inlet of the high boiling point working gas injector, and the condensing evaporator is arranged in the cavity of the liquid storage tank for heat exchange.

On the pipeline between the outlet of the second throttle valve and the inlet of the condensing evaporator, a high boiling point working medium heat exchanger is bypassed, and the high boiling point working medium heat exchanger is arranged in the cavity of the rectifying part for heat exchange .

The high-boiling-point working medium heat exchanger is located in the cavity at the outlet of the low-boiling-point working medium of the rectification unit.

The third regenerator is located in the cavity at the outlet of the liquid storage tank, and the condensation evaporator is located in the cavity at the inlet of the liquid storage tank.

The packing of the packing layer in the rectification part is random packing or structured packing.

The utility model realizes that the high boiling point working medium is condensed into liquid in the first condenser by sucking the low pressure high boiling point gaseous working medium at the outlet of the generator and obtaining the condensation pressure of the high boiling point working medium. By pumping low-boiling point gaseous working medium at the outlet of the generator with a low-boiling point gaseous working medium and obtaining higher condensation pressure, the heating capacity of the heater is greatly saved, and the liquid injector at the inlet of the working medium pump is reduced. The power of the working medium pump; because the rectification part separates the high boiling point component from the low boiling point component, the low temperature fluid condenses the high boiling point component into a liquid state after the high boiling point component liquid is throttled, thereby obtaining a low temperature refrigeration temperature. The utility model applies the principle of the automatic cascade refrigeration cycle of the mixed working medium to the jet refrigerator, which can effectively utilize low-grade low-temperature heat sources, such as solar energy, geothermal and other renewable energy sources, and can obtain a low-temperature deep refrigeration temperature of -80°C. It realizes the small air-cooling of low-temperature refrigerators driven by low-temperature heat sources, and has stable operation and good energy-saving effect. It is especially suitable for occasions with low-temperature heat sources and low-temperature deep refrigeration where water resources are scarce, and has broad application prospects.

In the utility model, after a high-boiling-point working medium heat exchanger is added in the rectifying part, it can exchange heat with the working medium at the outlet of the low-boiling-point working medium of the rectifying part, and further rectify and purify the working medium here. The rectification part realizes the more thorough separation of high and low boiling point mixed working fluids. In the utility model, after the liquid storage tank is installed in series between the low-boiling-point working medium outlet of the rectification part and the third throttle valve, a condensation evaporator and a third regenerator are added in the storage tank to increase the exchange rate in the circulation system. The thermal link makes full use of the cold energy in the system, improves the cooling performance of the system, and obtains a lower cooling temperature.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of the system principle of the utility model.

Detailed ways

The cryogenic refrigerator driven by a low-temperature heat source of the present utility model is shown in Fig. 1. The refrigerator includes a generator 1, a low-boiling point working medium gas injector 2, a high-boiling point working medium gas injector 14, a liquid injector 16, a first Regenerator 3, second regenerator 6, first condenser 15, second condenser 4, working medium pump 5, rectification unit 7, liquid storage tank 10, third throttle valve 11 and evaporator 12, A heater 13 is provided inside the generator 1 . The working medium of the refrigerator is a binary mixed working medium formed by mixing high-boiling point refrigerant and low-boiling point refrigerant. More than binary multi-component mixed working fluid.

The high-pressure outlet of the generator 1 is divided into two branches, one is connected with an inlet of the low-boiling point working fluid gas injector 2, and the other is connected with an inlet of the high-boiling point working medium gas injector 14; The outlet of the device 2 is connected to the rectification unit 7 through a heat exchange tube in the first regenerator 3, a heat exchange tube in the second condenser 4, a heat exchange tube in the second regenerator 6, and a first throttle valve 8 in sequence The inlet is connected with the spray head 7c inside the rectification unit.

The rectification unit 7 has two working fluid outlets, a low boiling point working fluid outlet and a high boiling point working fluid outlet, wherein the low boiling point working fluid outlet is connected to the evaporator through the liquid storage tank 10 and the third throttle valve 11 connected in series 12, the outlet branch of the evaporator 12 is connected to another inlet of the low-boiling point working medium gas injector 2 through the third regenerator 10b and another heat exchange tube of the second regenerator 6, and the third regenerator The device 10b is arranged in the cavity of the liquid storage tank 10 for heat exchange; the outlet of the high-boiling point working medium of the rectifying part 7 is divided into two paths, one of which is connected to an inlet of the liquid injector 16, and the outlet of the liquid injector 16 passes through the working medium The other heat exchange tube of the pump 5 and the first regenerator 3 is connected to the inlet of the generator 1, and the other is connected to the other high boiling point working gas injector 14 through the second throttle valve 9 and the condensing evaporator 10a. Inlet, the outlet branch of the high-boiling point working medium gas injector 14 is connected to another inlet of the liquid injector 16 through the first condenser 15, and the condensation evaporator 10a is arranged in the cavity of the liquid storage tank 10 for heat exchange; A high boiling point working fluid heat exchanger 7b is bypassed on the pipeline between the outlet of the throttle valve 9 and the inlet of the condensing evaporator 10a, and the high boiling point working medium heat exchanger 7b is arranged in the cavity of the rectifying unit 7 Perform heat exchange.

In the present utility model, the high-boiling-point working medium heat exchanger 7b is located in the cavity at the outlet of the low-boiling-point working medium of the rectifying part 7; the described rectifying part 7 has a packing layer 7a, and the packing of the packing layer It can be random packing or structured packing, the spray head 7c is located below the packing layer 7a in the rectification unit; the third regenerator 10b is in the cavity at the outlet of the liquid storage tank 10, and the condensation and evaporation The container 10a is located in the cavity at the inlet of the liquid storage tank 10 .

The high-pressure superheated gas at the outlet of the generator 1 is divided into two parts, and one part enters the low-boiling point working medium gas injector 2 to suck the low-boiling point gaseous working medium from the second regenerator 6 to become a higher-pressure mixture after being diffused. Gaseous working medium, the other part enters the high boiling point working medium gas injector 14 and the high boiling point gas working medium at the outlet of the evaporative condenser 10a becomes a lower pressure mixed gas after being diffused; the working medium of the liquid injector 16 is a high boiling point Liquid refrigerant, part of the liquid refrigerant discharged from the bottom of the rectification unit 7 enters the liquid ejector 16 to suck the liquid refrigerant from the outlet of the first condenser 15 and then becomes the liquid refrigerant in an intermediate pressure state after being diffused, and sends it to the working chamber. Mass pump 5.

The working principle of the low-temperature refrigerator driven by the low-temperature heat source of the present invention is illustrated below by taking the mixture of refrigerant R290 (standard boiling point -42.1°C) and R23 (standard boiling point-82.1°C) as an example:

The R290-rich liquid (the R23 content is very small) in the generator 1 is heated by the heater 13 and becomes a high-pressure superheated gas mixture, and a part of the high-pressure superheated gas enters the high-boiling point working medium gas ejector 14 and sucks it from the outlet of the evaporating condenser 10a The gaseous R290 becomes a rich R290 mixed gas, which is condensed into a liquid mixed working fluid through the first condenser 15, while another part of the high-pressure superheated gas enters the low-boiling point working medium gas injector 2 to suck the rich R290 from the second regenerator 6. The R23 gas becomes a mixed gas after being diffused, and then enters the first regenerator 3 to exchange heat with the lower temperature R290-rich liquid mixed working fluid from the working fluid pump 5, and then enters the second condenser 4 to condense into gas The liquid two-phase mixture then enters the second regenerator 6 to exchange heat with the low-temperature R23-rich steam from the third regenerator 10b, then enters the rectification unit 7, undergoes flash evaporation, stripping by packing layer 7a, and high boiling point After the rectification of the working medium heat exchanger 7b, R290 and R23 are separated more thoroughly, and the R23-rich vapor flows out from the top of the rectification part 7, and is condensed into a liquid through the evaporation condenser 10a in the liquid storage tank 10, and then passed through the third After the regenerator 10b is supercooled, it enters the third throttle valve 11 to throttle, then enters the evaporator 12 to absorb heat and evaporates into low-temperature R23-rich steam, and then flows into the second regenerator 6 after exchanging heat through the third regenerator 10b. It is then sucked into the low-boiling gas injector 2. The R290-rich liquid mixture flowing out from the bottom of the rectification unit 7 is divided into two parts, and a part of the liquid mixture is throttled by the second throttle valve 9 and then enters the high boiling point working medium heat exchanger 7b for rectification to purify R23 and enter evaporation and condensation The device 10a condenses the rich R23 in the liquid storage tank 10 into a liquid, and another part of the liquid mixture enters the liquid injector 16 to suck the rich R290 liquid from the first condenser 15, and then passes through the working medium pump 5 and the first recuperator in sequence. Generator 3 returns to Generator 1.

The above-mentioned embodiment is only a best embodiment designed according to the design concept of the present utility model. In the actual implementation, if a certain device or some devices are omitted, the purpose of the present utility model can also be achieved. What follows is that there will be varying degrees of reduction in system performance and energy-saving effects. For example, after omitting the liquid storage tank 10 and the condensation evaporator 10a and the third regenerator 10b in the above circulation system, the heat exchange link in the system is reduced, and the cold energy in the system cannot be fully utilized; For example, if the high-boiling-point working medium heat exchanger 7b is omitted in the rectification unit, the separation purity of the high- and low-boiling-point mixed working medium will be reduced.

Claims (9)

1. the Cryo Refrigerator that drives of a low-temperature heat source, comprise generator (1), low boiling working fluid gas ejector (2), first regenerator (3), second condenser (4), working medium pump (5), the 3rd choke valve (11) and evaporimeter (12), be provided with heater (13) in the generator (1), it is characterized in that: this refrigeration machine also comprises second regenerator (6) and rectifying parts (7), the high-pressure outlet of generator (1) is divided into two, one is connected with an inlet of low boiling working fluid gas ejector (2), and another is connected with an inlet of a higher boiling Working medium gas injector (14); The outlet of low boiling working fluid gas ejector (2) is connected into the inlet of the shower nozzle (7c) in the rectifying parts by heat exchanger tube in a heat exchanger tube in first regenerator (3), second condenser (4), second regenerator (6) and first throttle valve (8), and rectifying parts shower nozzle is arranged in the below of the packing layer (7a) of rectifying parts; The higher boiling sender property outlet of rectifying parts (7) is divided into two-way, one the tunnel is connected into an inlet of a liquid ejector (16), the outlet of liquid ejector (16) is connected into the inlet of generator (1) by another heat exchanger tube of working medium pump (5) and first regenerator (3), another road is connected into another inlet of higher boiling Working medium gas injector (14) by second choke valve (9), and the outlet branch road of higher boiling Working medium gas injector (14) is connected into another inlet of liquid ejector (16) by first condenser (15); The low boiling working fluid of rectifying parts (7) exports the inlet that is connected into evaporimeter (12) through the 3rd choke valve (11), and the outlet branch road of evaporimeter (12) is connected into another inlet of low boiling working fluid gas ejector (2) through another heat exchanger tube of second regenerator (16).

2. the Cryo Refrigerator that a kind of low-temperature heat source according to claim 1 drives is characterized in that: the working medium of described refrigeration machine is binary mixed working fluid or the above multicomponent mixture work medium of binary that higher boiling cold-producing medium and low boiling point refrigerant mix.

3. the Cryo Refrigerator that a kind of low-temperature heat source according to claim 1 and 2 drives is characterized in that: be equipped with a wet tank (10) on the low boiling working fluid outlet of rectifying parts (7) and the branch road between the 3rd choke valve (11).

4. the Cryo Refrigerator that a kind of low-temperature heat source according to claim 3 drives, it is characterized in that: string is provided with the 3rd regenerator (10b) between the inlet of second heat exchanger tube of the outlet of described evaporimeter (12) and second regenerator (6), and the 3rd regenerator (10b) is arranged in the cavity of wet tank (10) and carries out heat exchange.

5. the Cryo Refrigerator that a kind of low-temperature heat source according to claim 4 drives, it is characterized in that: on the pipeline between another inlet of the outlet of described second choke valve (9) and higher boiling Working medium gas injector (14) also string be provided with condenser/evaporator (10a), condenser/evaporator (10a) is arranged in the cavity of wet tank (10) and carries out heat exchange.

6. the Cryo Refrigerator that a kind of low-temperature heat source according to claim 5 drives, it is characterized in that: also bypass is provided with a higher boiling working fluid heat exchanger (7b) on the pipeline between the inlet of the outlet of second choke valve (9) and condenser/evaporator (10a), and higher boiling working fluid heat exchanger (7b) is arranged in the cavity of rectifying parts (7) and carries out heat exchange.

7. the Cryo Refrigerator that a kind of low-temperature heat source according to claim 6 drives is characterized in that: described higher boiling working fluid heat exchanger (7b) is in the cavity in low boiling working fluid exit of rectifying parts (7).

8. the Cryo Refrigerator that a kind of low-temperature heat source according to claim 7 drives, it is characterized in that: described the 3rd regenerator (10b) is in the cavity in wet tank (10) exit, and condenser/evaporator (10a) is in the cavity of wet tank (10) porch.

9. the Cryo Refrigerator that a kind of low-temperature heat source according to claim 8 drives is characterized in that: the filler of the packing layer (7a) in the described rectifying parts (7) is random packing or structured packing.