CN201221414Y

CN201221414Y - Combined heat and power minitype gas turbine

Info

Publication number: CN201221414Y
Application number: CNU2008200508659U
Authority: CN
Inventors: 罗立峰; 何永顺
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2008-07-18
Filing date: 2008-07-18
Publication date: 2009-04-15
Anticipated expiration: 2018-07-18

Abstract

The utility model discloses a micro gas turbine for cogeneration of heat and power. The micro gas turbine includes a box body, and an asbestos insulation layer, an electrical control system, an air filter and a hot gas power generation core machine are installed inside the asbestos insulation layer. There are gas/water heat exchangers, gas/air heat exchangers and fuel gas combustion devices. The hot gas power generation core machine has a compressor and a turbine, and there is a gap between the outlet of the compressor and the gas/air heat exchanger The inlet of the turbine communicates with the gas/air heat exchanger through a hot gas expansion conduit, the outlet of the turbine communicates with the lower part of the inner cavity of the asbestos insulation layer, and the air flows from the compressed air Inhaled by the machine, and finally flows through the lower part of the inner chamber of the asbestos insulation layer, and mixes and burns with the fuel gas at the fuel gas burning device. The utility model has the advantages of low manufacturing cost, wide popularization, applicable to various fuels, and can realize cogeneration output of heat and power.

Description

The cogeneration of heat and power miniature gas turbine

Technical field

The utility model relates to a kind of miniature gas turbine, specifically is meant a kind of cogeneration of heat and power miniature gas turbine of realizing thermoelectric output.

Background technique

The existing combustion fuel that adopts biological particles as the Boiler Steam power generation system in present domestic some areas, this large-scale biomass combustion that utilizes heats electricity generating device, thermal conversion efficiency is low, fuel source needs remote transportation, the cost of electricity-generating height, cause freight charges to be higher than the negative effect of raw material cost, lost the low advantage of biomass material cost.In addition, adopt fuel oil or fuel gas generation device, except hot gas generating core engine has inner gas compressor, turbo machine and generator, must be equipped with the firing chamber made from the high-temperature alloy material of high price, thereby make the miniature gas turbine manufacture cost very high, also be difficult in the rural area and do the popularization and application that raw material is implemented cogeneration units with the low price biogas.

The model utility content

But the purpose of this utility model provides a kind of low cost of manufacture, popularizes the cogeneration of heat and power miniature gas turbine that wide applying biological matter gas or biogas and gas are made fuel.

Above-mentioned purpose of the present utility model realizes by following technical solution: the cogeneration of heat and power miniature gas turbine, it is characterized in that: described miniature gas turbine comprises casing, the asbestos thermal insulation layer, combustion gas/air heat exchanger, the fuel gas firing unit, hot gas generating core engine and electrical apparatus control system, described asbestos thermal insulation layer and hot gas generating core engine are installed in the described casing, described asbestos thermal insulation layer has inner chamber, described combustion gas/air heat exchanger and fuel gas firing unit are installed in the inner chamber of described asbestos thermal insulation layer, wherein, described combustion gas/air heat exchanger is positioned at the middle part of asbestos thermal insulation layer inner chamber, institute's fuel gas firing unit is positioned at described combustion gas/air heat exchanger below, described fuel gas firing unit and fuel gas import communicate, described hot gas generating core engine has gas compressor and turbo machine, be communicated with by the pressure air conduit between the outlet of described gas compressor and the described combustion gas/air heat exchanger, be communicated with by the hot gas inflation catheter between the inlet of described turbo machine and the described combustion gas/air heat exchanger, the bottom of the outlet of described turbo machine and described asbestos thermal insulation layer inner chamber communicates, air sucks from described gas compressor, flow through at last behind the bottom of described asbestos thermal insulation layer inner chamber, with the fuel gas mixed combustion at described fuel gas firing unit place.

In the utility model, air sucks from gas compressor, after the acting pressurization again by entering turbine inlet after combustion gas/air heat exchanger shell side heat exchange, produce the expansion power that promotes the turbine high speed rotating, drive coaxial connection gas compressor, the motor/generator rotor is with the speed rotation, the enforcement gas compressor is calmed the anger and is exported and generator operation, after waste heat air after the acting is discharged from the turbine of hot gas generating core engine, return in the firing unit, fuel gas in waste heat air and the firing unit mixes and burns, the combustion gas that produces enters in the heat exchanging tube of air/combustion gas heat exchanger on top, and the air of the shell side of heat exchanging device heats.

The utility model is done following improvement: described miniature gas turbine also has waste heat recovering device, described waste heat recovering device is combustion gas/water-to-water heat exchanger, be located at combustion gas/air heat exchanger top, described combustion gas/air heat exchanger is positioned at the bottom of described asbestos thermal insulation layer inner chamber, the upper end of described combustion gas/water-to-water heat exchanger is a waste gas outlet, the lower end is a fuel gas inlet, and described fuel gas inlet and described combustion gas/air heat exchanger communicate.

Above-mentioned improvement utilizes the waste heat combustion gas of discharging after air/combustion gas heat exchanger heat exchange that cold water is heated, and outwards exports hot water, has realized the cogeneration of heat and power function of this machine, and water is walked tube side in described combustion gas/water-to-water heat exchanger, and shell side is walked in combustion gas.

The utility model can also be done following further improvement: described miniature gas turbine also has air filter, and described air filter is an air filter, and the inlet of described air filter and described gas compressor is communicated with.

In the utility model, described combustion gas/air heat exchanger is composed in series by superposed Rotary-table porous foamed metal heat exchanger and the cirque body porous foam ceramic heat exchanger that is positioned at the bottom, and described porous foamed metal heat exchanger and described porous foam ceramic heat exchanger communicate.The porous foamed metal heat exchanger bearing temperature is lower, and the porous foam ceramic heat exchanger can bear higher temperature, because the porous foam ceramic heat exchanger directly contacts with the fuel gas firing unit, therefore needs it can bear higher temperature.

Compared with prior art, the utlity model has following remarkable result:

(1) the utility model can adopt biogas, biogas or other inflammable gas and liquid fuel combustion heating acting, can realize cogeneration of heat and power, improves the thermal conversion efficiency of unit.

(2) the utility model need not the firing chamber that refractory alloy is made, reduce the manufacture cost of unit greatly, can be fit to enterprise's popularization and application that rural area and some produce the by-product combustion gas, generate electricity, heating, heat supply water, reduce enterprise's cost of production, the energy is efficiently utilized.

(3) the utility model burns after utilizing the fuel gas at the gas nozzle place in waste heat air that turbine acting back discharges and the gas combustion apparatus to mix, and can reduce fuel feed, raising combustion temperature and thermal conversion efficiency.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the internal structure schematic representation of the utility model cogeneration of heat and power miniature gas turbine;

Fig. 2 is the structural representation of hot gas generating core engine among Fig. 1;

Fig. 3 is the outward appearance side view of the utility model cogeneration of heat and power miniature gas turbine.

Embodiment

Cogeneration of heat and power miniature gas turbine as shown in Figure 1 to Figure 3, it has casing 11, have electric power delivery outlet 1 and casing hot gas exhaust port 10 on the casing 11, be provided with pillar 19 and bearing 18 in the casing 11, asbestos thermal insulation layer 4, electrical apparatus control system 12, air filter 14 and hot gas generating core engine 17 are installed in the casing 11, hot gas generating core engine 17 is installed on the bearing 18, air filter 14 is positioned at the top of hot gas generating core engine 17, and electrical apparatus control system 12 is positioned at the top of air filter 14.

Asbestos thermal insulation layer 4 has inner chamber 4a, the inside of this inner chamber 4a is equipped with combustion gas/water-to-water heat exchanger 7, combustion gas/air heat exchanger 5 and fuel gas firing unit 3, wherein, combustion gas/water-to-water heat exchanger 7 is positioned at the top of asbestos thermal insulation layer inner chamber 4a, combustion gas/air heat exchanger 5 is positioned at the middle part of asbestos thermal insulation layer inner chamber 4a, the bottom of asbestos thermal insulation layer inner chamber 4a is the waste heat air passageways of corner expanding, fuel gas firing unit 3 is positioned at combustion gas/air heat exchanger 5 belows, combustion gas/air heat exchanger 5 and combustion gas/water-to-water heat exchanger 7 all are fixedly mounted on the pillar 19, combustion gas/water-to-water heat exchanger 7 radially has cooling water inlet 8 and hot water outlet 6, its upper end is an outlet port 9, the lower end is a fuel gas inlet, combustion gas/air heat exchanger 5 is composed in series with the cirque body porous foam ceramic heat exchanger 5b that is positioned at the bottom by the Rotary-table porous foamed metal heat exchanger 5a on top, porous foamed metal heat exchanger 5a and porous foam ceramic heat exchanger 5b communicate, the fuel gas inlet of combustion gas/water-to-water heat exchanger 7 and porous foamed metal heat exchanger 5a communicate, fuel gas firing unit 3 is positioned at the bottom of porous foam ceramic heat exchanger 5b, itself and fuel gas import 2 communicate, and mixed gas through turbine outlet leaked-in air and fuel gas is used to burn.

Hot gas generating core engine 17 comprises and linking to each other successively from left to right and coaxial mounted turbo machine 17b, gas compressor 17a, compressor air inlet machine casing 17c, magneto 17e and inlet casing 17f, turbo machine 17b, the rotating shaft 17d of gas compressor 17a and magneto 17e is an identical axle, cover for seat 17g is installed in the inlet casing 17f, cover for seat 17g and inlet casing 17f form fairshaped gas-entered passageway between the two, the gas-entered passageway of this gas-entered passageway and magneto 17e, the gas-entered passageway of compressor air inlet machine casing 17c, the inlet right-to-left of gas compressor 17a communicates successively, constitutes the intake passage structure of cool air.

Cold air flow is through above-mentioned intake passage structure, behind the gas compressor inlet, sucked in the gas compressor 17a by the impeller of gas compressor, be communicated with by pressure air conduit 13 between the radial opening of the outlet of gas compressor 17a and porous foamed metal heat exchanger 5a, be communicated with by hot gas inflation catheter 16 between the radial opening of the inlet of turbo machine 17b and porous foam ceramic heat exchanger 5b, the waste heat air passageways of the outlet of turbo machine 17b and asbestos thermal insulation layer inner chamber 4a bottom corner expanding communicates, air sucks from gas compressor 17a, flow through at last behind the waste heat air passageways of asbestos thermal insulation layer inner chamber, in fuel gas firing unit 3 places and fuel gas (biogas or biogas) mixed combustion.

Air filter 14 is the air filter of miniature gas turbine, and air filter 14 communicates by the intake passage structure of air-filtering passage 15 and cool air, and promptly cool ambient air enters in the gas compressor through behind the air filter 14.

The air flow path line is as follows in the utility model: ambient air is entered into the air-filtering passage 15 of air filter 14 by the air inlet 20 of gas turbine, behind the motor/generator in the hot gas of the turnover process then generating core engine 17, be inhaled into the import of gas compressor 17a, after gas compressor 17a supercharging, air through gas compressor 17a outlet communicates with combustion gas/air heat exchanger 5 inlets by pressure air conduit 13, make the gas that has certain pressure enter expanded by heating in the porous foam metal among the porous foamed metal heat exchanger 5a, flow along the screw below, inner annular cavity through porous foamed metal heat exchanger 5a lower end enters in the interior ring of porous foam ceramic heat exchanger 5b, after flowing through in the stoneware pipe of the air that has been heated from porous foam ceramic heat exchanger 5b, the further again expanded by heating of air, cool air is walked shell side in porous foamed metal heat exchanger 5a, cool air is walked tube side in through porous foam ceramic heat exchanger 5b, pressure high temperature air after the expansion leads to turbo machine 17b through the hot gas inflation catheter and radially enters the mouth, blow turbine rotation acting, drive the generator amature rotary electrification, after waste heat air after the acting flows out from turbine outlet, through the waste heat air passageways inner chamber of expanding flow through gas nozzle place and fuel gas (biogas or the biogas of gas combustion apparatus 3, liquid fuel) mixed combustion, flow through in the high-temperature fuel gas of the Chan Shenging porous foam ceramic hole (shell side) that from bottom to top three-dimensional from porous foam ceramic heat exchanger 5b communicates herein, high-temperature fuel gas is walked shell side, pressure air among the heating porous foam ceramic heat exchanger 5b in the stoneware pipe, after hot combustion gas is flowed out by porous foamed metal heat exchanger 5b, forming well-proportioned temperature field enters in the porous foamed metal heat exchanger pipe, continue the pressure air among the heating porous foamed metal heat exchanger 5a, flow into combustion gas/water-to-water heat exchanger 7 at last through the combustion gas after the heat exchange, in combustion gas/water-to-water heat exchanger 7, finish heat exchange, discharge from outlet port 9 then, whole like this workmanship circulation forms the external-burning type heat exchange structure of external heat, its generating of both can having done work, heat recovery can be added hot water again, realize cogeneration of heat and power.

Claims

1. Micro gas turbine for cogeneration, characterized in that: said micro gas turbine comprises casing (11), asbestos insulation layer (4), gas/air heat exchanger (5), fuel gas combustion device (3), hot gas power generation Core machine (17) and electrical control system (12), described asbestos insulation layer (4) and hot gas power generation core machine (17) are all installed in the described casing (11), and described asbestos insulation layer (4) It has an inner cavity (4a), and the gas/air heat exchanger (5) and the fuel gas combustion device (3) are installed in the inner cavity (4a) of the asbestos insulation layer, wherein the gas/air The heat exchanger (5) is located in the middle of the asbestos insulation layer inner cavity (4a), the fuel gas combustion device (3) is located below the gas/air heat exchanger (5), and the fuel gas combustion device (3) It communicates with the fuel gas inlet (2), and the hot gas power generation core machine (17) has a compressor (17a) and a turbine (17b), and the outlet of the compressor (17a) and the gas/air heat exchanger ( 5) are communicated through a pressure air conduit (13), and the inlet of the turbine (17b) is communicated with the gas/air heat exchanger (5) through a hot gas expansion conduit (16), and the turbine (17b) The outlet of the outlet communicates with the bottom of the asbestos insulation layer inner cavity (4a), and the air is sucked from the compressor (17a), and finally flows through the bottom of the asbestos insulation layer inner cavity, and is connected with the fuel gas combustion device ( 3) The fuel gas at place is mixed and burned.

2. The cogeneration micro gas turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that: the micro gas turbine also has a waste heat recovery device, the waste heat recovery device is a gas/water heat exchanger (7), and the gas/air The heat exchanger (7) is located on the top of the asbestos insulation layer inner cavity (4a), the upper end of the gas/water heat exchanger (7) is a waste gas outlet (9), and the lower end is a gas inlet, and the gas inlet It communicates with the gas/air heat exchanger (5).

3. The cogeneration micro gas turbine according to claim 2, characterized in that: the micro gas turbine also has an air filter, and the air filter is an air filter (14), and the air filter (14) It communicates with the inlet of the compressor (17a).

4. according to claim 1 or 2 or 3 described micro gas turbines for cogeneration of heat and power, it is characterized in that: described gas/air heat exchanger (5) is made of conical body porous metal foam heat exchanger (5a) that is positioned at top and The annular porous foam ceramic heat exchanger (5b) located at the lower part is composed of series, and the porous foam metal heat exchanger communicates with the porous foam ceramic heat exchanger (5b) described in (5a).