CN1958816A - Technique for preparing composite material of aluminum based surface enhanced by inner generated grains through powered supresonic method - Google Patents
Technique for preparing composite material of aluminum based surface enhanced by inner generated grains through powered supresonic method Download PDFInfo
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- CN1958816A CN1958816A CN 200610131677 CN200610131677A CN1958816A CN 1958816 A CN1958816 A CN 1958816A CN 200610131677 CN200610131677 CN 200610131677 CN 200610131677 A CN200610131677 A CN 200610131677A CN 1958816 A CN1958816 A CN 1958816A
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 44
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 239000000155 melt Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 16
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000009210 therapy by ultrasound Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 229910010038 TiAl Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract 7
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000003756 stirring Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000007711 solidification Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008023 solidification Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000002893 slag Substances 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000000746 purification Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 241001062472 Stokellia anisodon Species 0.000 claims 1
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 abstract description 31
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000003014 reinforcing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000002344 surface layer Substances 0.000 abstract description 9
- 239000011159 matrix material Substances 0.000 abstract description 8
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 abstract description 6
- 238000002604 ultrasonography Methods 0.000 abstract description 5
- 238000009827 uniform distribution Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000012071 phase Substances 0.000 description 20
- 239000010410 layer Substances 0.000 description 11
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 5
- 229910020491 K2TiF6 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 229910010039 TiAl3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 238000001764 infiltration Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 4
- 238000009750 centrifugal casting Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011156 metal matrix composite Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000002787 reinforcement Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000926 separation method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000853 adhesive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000001070 adhesive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000005272 metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000004321 preservation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003187 abdominal effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N alumane Chemical compound [AlH3] AZDRQVAHHNSJOQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000635 electron micrograph Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008595 infiltration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007791 liquid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005088 metallography Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005855 radiation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005204 segregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000007790 solid phase Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009716 squeeze casting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000009736 wetting Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
本发明涉及的是一种表面复合材料制备工艺，特别是涉及一种功率超声法制备内生颗粒增强铝基表面复合材料工艺。该工艺利用功率超声制备内生颗粒增强(TiAl3相)铝基表面复合材料，首先根据变幅坩埚体积及所要得到表面层厚度的大小，在一定加入量的K2TiF6盐和纯铝的重量比例下，熔融后发生反应得到含有TiAl3颗粒的熔体，将装有熔体的变幅坩埚置于超声处理装置中，在改变实验参数的工艺条件下，在功率超声的作用下，TiAl3颗粒向表面移动，获得不同表面层厚度的颗粒增强铝基表面复合材料。本发明解决了具有工艺稳定，操作简便，增强相在基体的表层分布均匀，界面结合好等问题。
The invention relates to a preparation process of a surface composite material, in particular to a process for preparing an internal particle-reinforced aluminum-based surface composite material by a power ultrasonic method. This process utilizes power ultrasound to prepare endogenous particle-reinforced (TiAl 3 phase) aluminum-based surface composite materials. First, according to the volume of the luffing crucible and the thickness of the surface layer to be obtained, a certain amount of K 2 TiF 6 salt and pure aluminum are added. Under the weight ratio, a melt containing TiAl 3 particles is obtained by reaction after melting, and the luffing crucible containing the melt is placed in an ultrasonic treatment device. Under the process conditions of changing the experimental parameters, under the action of power ultrasound, TiAl 3 Particles move toward the surface to obtain particle-reinforced aluminum-based surface composites with different surface layer thicknesses. The invention solves the problems of stable process, simple operation, uniform distribution of the reinforcing phase on the surface of the matrix, good interface bonding and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a preparation process of a surface composite material, in particular to a process for preparing an endogenous particle reinforced aluminum-based surface composite material by a power ultrasonic method.
Background
Ultrasonic waves have many applications in the field of metallurgy and metal materials, such as ultrasonic flaw detection, solidification structure refinement, removal of gas and solid inclusions in molten metal, reduction of macro and micro segregation and the like. In addition, ultrasonic waves can also be used for manufacturing metal matrix composites. Most of metal liquid does not wet the ceramic reinforcing phase, which is a difficult problem in the preparation process of the metal matrix composite material and often causes the problems of unstable preparation process, uneven tissue distribution, poor interface bonding strength and the like of the composite material. Under the action of ultrasonic wave, the wetting performance between the ceramic reinforcing phase and the molten metal is improved, and the reinforcing phase can be easily dispersed into the molten metal, so that the metal matrix composite with uniformly distributed tissues is prepared.
The metal-based surface composite material is prepared by compounding ceramic particles or fibers with high hardness, high melting point, high elastic modulus, wear resistance and corrosion resistance in a surface layer of a metal material by a certain process to form a reinforcing layer on the surface of the metal material. The preparation method mainly comprises the following steps: powder metallurgy, squeeze casting, cast infiltration, negative pressure casting, centrifugal casting, and the like. The powder metallurgy method has the characteristics of stable process and good performance, and has the disadvantages of high cost and limited shape and size of materials. The extrusion casting method has the outstanding advantages of stable process, high production efficiency, compact structure and excellent performance, and has the disadvantages that the reinforcing phase is easy to damage when the process parameter is not properly controlled, the specification and the shape of the produced member are also limited, and the method is only suitable for metal matrixes with low melting points. The cast-infiltration method adopts the adhesive and the flux, so the outstanding defects are that the surface composite layer is easy to generate air holes and inclusions (slag), and the process stability is poor, thereby limiting the development and the application of the cast-infiltration method to a certain extent. The negative pressure casting method features no use of adhesive and flux, less defects of air holes and slag inclusion, thicker composite layer, need of special equipment and moulding technique, complex process and low productivity. The centrifugal casting method is characterized by simple equipment, but the shape of the casting is limited to a revolving body. In addition, electromagnetic stirring methods, in-situ reaction generation methods, and the like can also be used for preparing the surface composite material.
Another field of application of ultrasound is the ultrasonic separation of solid and liquid phases. Theprinciple of ultrasonic separation is that standing waves are generated when ultrasonic sound waves are transmitted in liquid, and due to the fact that particles have different acoustic characteristics and the action of sound radiation force, sound pressure nodes and sound abdominal nodes in an ultrasonic standing wave field can be gathered, so that solid particles and the liquid are separated. The separation and purification technology is widely applied to the fields of chemical industry, food, metallurgy and medical treatment, and aims to remove solid particles suspended in liquid. But at present, the ultrasonic treatment technology is not applied to the preparation of the particle reinforced surface composite material.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a process for preparing an endogenous particle reinforced aluminum-based surface composite material by using a power ultrasonic method, wherein the ultrasonic wave has different acoustic effects on a melt and particles in the melt, so that the particles are deviated to one side of the melt and are solidified.
The above object of the present invention is achieved as follows with reference to the accompanying drawings:
the invention uses power ultrasonic to prepare endogenetic particle reinforced (TiAl) with the vibration head of the amplitude-variable crucible upward3Phase) aluminum-based surface composite material, firstly adding K with a certain amount according to the volume of the amplitude-variable crucible and the thickness of the surface layer to be obtained2TiF6The TiAl-containing material is obtained by the reaction after melting under the weight ratio of the salt to the pure aluminum3Placing the amplitude-variable crucible filled with the melt in an ultrasonic treatment device, and under the action of power ultrasound, TiAl under the process condition of changing experimental parameters3The particles move to the surface to obtain the particle reinforced aluminum-based surface composite material with different surface layer thicknesses.
The specific technical scheme is as follows:
a process for preparing an endogenetic particle reinforced aluminum-based surface composite material by a power ultrasonic method comprises the following steps:
firstly, according to the thickness of the particle reinforced layer on the surface of the aluminum base, the endogenetic particle reinforced TiAl to be added is determined3Content of phase according to same mol of TiAl3Requiring the same molar amount of K2TiF6The adding amount of the salt is determined according to the using amount of the salt, and a proper amount of pure aluminum cast ingots are selected according to the size of a crucible for smelting pure aluminum;
secondly, putting the pure aluminum cast ingot into a heating furnace for heating and melting, and then preserving heat to balance the melt;
thirdly, weighing the dried K2TiF6Adding salt into the balanced aluminum melt, stirring at a constant speed, fully reacting, and then carrying out early melt purification and slag removal treatment on the melt after reaction;
the fourth step, the TiAl-containing material obtained by the reaction3Uniformly stirring the melt, injecting a small amount of the melt into a variable amplitude crucible which is kept at 650-700 ℃, carrying out ultrasonic treatment with the ultrasonic power of 45-60W and the treatment time of 5-10 min, then moving out of a heat preservation system, stopping ultrasonic treatment, carrying out rapid water cooling to obtain particle reinforcement (TiAl)3Phase) aluminum-based surface composites.
The amount of said salt used in the first step is according to the formula: and (4) determining.
The selection of the appropriate amount of pure aluminum ingot in the first step is close to the end of the crucible in consideration of the shrinkage of the melt solidification.
The heating furnace in the second step adopts a digital resistance heating furnace with the set temperature of 680-780 ℃, and the temperature is kept for 20-30 min after melting.
Dried K as described in the third step2TiF6And adding the salt into the balanced aluminum melt for 2-3 times within 20-30 min.
The method for preparing the surface composite material has stable process and simple and convenient operation, and the reinforced phase is very uniformly distributed on the surface layer of the matrix because of the particlesReinforced TiAl3The phase is generated by endogenous reaction and is well combined with the interface of the matrix. The thickness of the particle reinforced aluminum-based surface composite layer can be obtained under the action of corresponding power ultrasonic treatment parameters according to the reaction amount of the added salt and the pure aluminum which react with each other. The method leads the endogenous particles in the melt to be partially gathered at one side of the melt, and after solidification, the endogenous particle reinforced aluminum-based surface composite material is prepared.
Compared with the traditional method for preparing the particle reinforced aluminum matrix surface composite material, such as a powder metallurgy method, an extrusion casting method, a cast-infiltration method, a negative pressure casting method,a centrifugal casting method and the like, the method has the advantages of lower cost, simple and complex operation, good process stability, good bonding property of an endogenous reinforcing phase and an aluminum matrix interface and the like.
Drawings
FIG. 1(a) is a graph of particle-reinforced (TiAl) produced3Phase) metallograph of the surface composite material layer connected with the matrix can show that the endogenous reinforced particles are distributed in the surface layer of the matrix very uniformly under the action of ultrasound, the interface between the surface layer and the matrix is smooth,the bonding was good.
FIG. 1(b) is the particle reinforcement (TiAl) of FIG. 2(a)3Phase) surface composite material layer, and the endogenous reinforced particles are uniformly distributed.
FIG. 2(a) is particle enhancement (TiAl) under optical microscope3Phase) metallography of the reinforcing phase in the surface composite layer, TiAl3The phases are all around 20 μm in size.
FIG. 2(b) is the particle reinforcement (TiAl) of FIG. 2(a)3Phase) electron micrograph in the surface composite layer.
Detailed Description
1. If a particle enhancement layer with a surface layer of 5-6 mm is to be obtained, TiAl is enhanced according to endogenous particles to be added3The phase contents were tested under the corresponding process parameters.
2. K used2TiF6The salt is commercialCommercial aluminum was used as the salt, pure aluminum.
3. Selecting a proper amount of pure aluminum ingots of 320-350 g according to the size of a crucible for smelting pure aluminum,
4. obtaining TiAl of 8-10%3Endogenous reinforcing phase, so 32-35 g of TiAl needs to be obtained3And (4) phase(s).
5. According to the formula: same mole of TiAl3Requiring the same molar amount of K2TiF6Salt, thus about 55-65 g of K is required2TiF6And (3) salt.
6. Putting the pure aluminum cast ingot into a digital resistance heating furnace with the set temperature of 680-780 ℃ for heating, and preserving heat for 20-30 min after melting so as to balance the melt.
7. Weighing dried K2TiF6And adding the salt into the balanced aluminum melt for 2-3 times within 20-30 min, and stirring at a constant speed to fully react.
8. Deslagging the reacted melt, and purifying the melt in advance.
9. The TiAl-containing material obtained by the reaction3After the melt is uniformly stirred, a small amount of the melt is injected into a variable amplitude crucible which is kept at the temperature of 650-700 ℃.
10. The melt poured into the crucible, close to the end of the crucible, has a volume of about 6.37X 10, taking into account the shrinkage of the solidification of the melt-5(m3)。
11. The ultrasonic power is 45-60W, and the ultrasonic treatment time is 5-10 min.
12. Then moving out of the heat preservation system, stopping ultrasonic treatment, and carrying out rapid water cooling to obtain particle reinforced (TiAl)3Phase) aluminum-based surface composites.
13. The volume of the prepared cast ingot sample is about 3.5-4.5 multiplied by 10-5(m3) And the obtained endogenous surface composite layer is 4-6 mm.
Claims (5)
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN 200610131677 CN1958816A (en) | 2006-11-29 | 2006-11-29 | Technique for preparing composite material of aluminum based surface enhanced by inner generated grains through powered supresonic method |
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| CN 200610131677 CN1958816A (en) | 2006-11-29 | 2006-11-29 | Technique for preparing composite material of aluminum based surface enhanced by inner generated grains through powered supresonic method |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101880783A (en) * | 2010-06-03 | 2010-11-10 | 南昌大学 | A kind of preparation method of TiAl3 reinforced aluminum matrix composite material |
| CN102121075A (en) * | 2011-02-15 | 2011-07-13 | 江苏大学 | Method for synthesizing particle reinforced aluminum-based composite under high-intensity ultrasonic field and pulsed electric field |
| CN102134667A (en) * | 2011-02-28 | 2011-07-27 | 江苏中欧材料研究院有限公司 | Preparation method of submicron particle-reinforced aluminum-based composite material |
| WO2012159590A1 (en) * | 2012-05-23 | 2012-11-29 | 深圳市新星轻合金材料股份有限公司 | Electrolyte supplement system in aluminum electrolytic process and manufacturing method therefor |
| CN110747361A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-02-04 | 中南大学 | Preparation method of titanium boride reinforced aluminum-based composite material based on ultrasonic and mechanical stirring |
-
2006
- 2006-11-29 CN CN 200610131677 patent/CN1958816A/en active Pending
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101880783A (en) * | 2010-06-03 | 2010-11-10 | 南昌大学 | A kind of preparation method of TiAl3 reinforced aluminum matrix composite material |
| CN101880783B (en) * | 2010-06-03 | 2012-02-08 | 南昌大学 | Preparation method of TiAl3 enhanced aluminum-based composite material |
| CN102121075A (en) * | 2011-02-15 | 2011-07-13 | 江苏大学 | Method for synthesizing particle reinforced aluminum-based composite under high-intensity ultrasonic field and pulsed electric field |
| CN102121075B (en) * | 2011-02-15 | 2013-03-13 | 江苏大学 | Method for synthesizing particle reinforced aluminum-based composite under high-intensity ultrasonic field and pulsed electric field |
| CN102134667A (en) * | 2011-02-28 | 2011-07-27 | 江苏中欧材料研究院有限公司 | Preparation method of submicron particle-reinforced aluminum-based composite material |
| WO2012159590A1 (en) * | 2012-05-23 | 2012-11-29 | 深圳市新星轻合金材料股份有限公司 | Electrolyte supplement system in aluminum electrolytic process and manufacturing method therefor |
| GB2502392A (en) * | 2012-05-23 | 2013-11-27 | Shenzhen Sunxing Light Alloys Materials Co Ltd | Electrolyte supplement system in aluminium electrolytic process and manufacturing method therefor |
| GB2502392B (en) * | 2012-05-23 | 2017-11-15 | Shenzhen Sunxing Light Alloys Mat Co Ltd | Method for preparing an electrolyte supplement system in aluminium electrolysis |
| CN110747361A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-02-04 | 中南大学 | Preparation method of titanium boride reinforced aluminum-based composite material based on ultrasonic and mechanical stirring |
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