CN1874782A - 治疗肾小球损伤的rage-相关方法与组合物 - Google Patents
治疗肾小球损伤的rage-相关方法与组合物 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供抑制肾小球损伤的发病及对其进行治疗的方法、组合物和制造物品。本发明是基于对RAGE和/或RAGE G82S功能的阻断。
Description
贯穿本申请,引用了各种出版物。这些出版物的完整引用可在紧接权利要求书之前看到。这些出版物中所公开的内容在此引入本申请作为参考,以更充分地说明本文所述和要求保护的本发明之日的现有技术。
发明背景
原发性和继发性的局灶性节段性肾小球硬化症(FSGS)包括各种以肾小球和肾小管间质纤维化为特征的疾病,这种纤维化常常不间断地发展成人类受试者中不可逆的肾脏瘢痕化和衰竭(1)。继发性FSGS病例可以出现在慢性病(血液动力学的、免疫学的或代谢性的)期间。然而在原发性和继发性疾病两种情形中,尽管进行了许多年的研究,都没有对构成这种疾病基础的分子机理的确切了解。因此,关于预防/治疗这些疾病的方法领悟还没有被阐明。
然而,鉴别这些疾病的合理治疗靶点的关键步骤可能出现在动物研究中。通过刺激与肾小球纤维化和通透性增高有关的途径的试剂发展FSGS可用作追踪蛋白尿和肾脏瘢疤形成的早期引发事件和后期放大后果的方法。在本文中,许多研究采用了给大鼠施用嘌罗霉素或阿霉素(ADR)等试剂以在肾脏中诱发类似人FSGS的进程(2-4)。另外,在大鼠中的其它研究已包括诱发被动海曼肾炎作为诱发不可逆肾小球损伤的方法(5)。总之,这些在大鼠中的研究都失败了,因为它们不能精确地将特定细胞的活化与疾病诱发时GS的发病机理和/或进展相关联。
直到首例ADR-诱发的小鼠内毒性的报道(6-7)之前都缺乏FSGS-类疾病研究的小鼠模型。在2000年,Wang和同事们报道了施用ADR 42天(6周)后ADR的影响(9)。雄性BALB/c小鼠,20到25克,通过IV注射而注射了ADR,10.5mg/kg。这些研究人员仔细地跟踪ADR处理的小鼠中随时间发生的事件并观察下列事项(9)。
首先,第5天在所有小鼠中发生明显的蛋白尿。蛋白尿在研究的整个6周内持续。只有35.7%的小鼠发生了血尿但53.6%发生了白细胞尿。
其次,在ADR处理后一周开始,ADR处理的小鼠中血清白蛋白水平始终比对照低。
第三,ADR处理4周后肌酸酐清除率随时间降低并比对照鼠显著降低。
第四,在第6周,发生了管萎缩和伴有小管间质性膨胀的小管内管型形成,广泛可见于皮质内。存在着广泛FGS和严重的间质性纤维化和炎症。在许多肾小球中观察到整体性硬化。
第五,通过EM,发生了足细胞足突的消失。在第1周,消失是部分的,但到第6周就成为整体性的。对照小鼠在任何时间都未显示任何上皮细胞反常。
重要的是,在本研究中,检测了细胞浸润和炎症。
第六,在ADR后的早期和晚期,ADR处理的小鼠肾脏内CD4+和CD8+T细胞和巨噬细胞显著增加。这些细胞种类在损伤后的间质和肾小球中都有发现。ADR后相当早就注意到了炎症细胞的浸润,在开始24小时之内,并在ADR后的数周内持续。这些发现支持这样一个假定,即炎症,至少是部分地,作为导致持续性肾小球混乱、纤维化和蛋白尿(albuminuria)的分子途径中早期触发和/或晚期进展的因子而发挥辅助作用,这些分子途径并发导致肾功能不全。
这些研究重点指出即使ADR后6周,进行性肾损伤、蛋白尿和肌酸酐清除率降低仍然是疾病的特征。另外,通过ADR后细胞浸润的时程检测揭示了疾病进程中促炎机理的新的认识。实际上其它研究证实了炎症细胞浸润入ADR处理的肾中(9)。的确,对人类FSGS的观察其典型地为足细胞分化为MP样细胞,同时炎症细胞从外周(MP和T淋巴细胞)浸润入间质、球旁区域和肾小球(1,10-12)这一现象与ADR诱导的FSGS小鼠模型中所建立的概念相符,即,很可能炎症刺激对FSGS的发病机理和进展有重要作用。
在人类受试者(和小鼠模型)原发性或继发性FSGS综合征中的进行性肾功能不全和瘢痕化的同时,肾小球足细胞的损伤和耗竭,这导致足细胞“不足”以及毛细管塌陷,已被认为是FSGS发展中的重要步骤(13,14)。在大多数肾病综合征病例中,足细胞足突消失被认为是损伤的早期表现,并跟随着持续的以空泡形成、假性囊肿形成、足细胞从GBM脱离为特征的进行性足细胞损伤;该过程导致不可逆的足细胞损失/凋亡(15)。
在TGF-β过表达转基因小鼠中最近的研究指出了在损伤的分子途径中足细胞不是简单的旁观者而是活跃的参与者的关键证据。在那些小鼠中,在受损足细胞中观测到显著的Smad 7上调。TGF-β和Smad 7都与培养的足细胞的凋亡有关。在前一情况中,p38 MAP激酶和胱天蛋白酶的激活是TGF-β所诱导凋亡的重要中间步骤。在后一情况中,被抑制的细胞存活因子NF-kB的核转运导致Smad 7诱导的足细胞凋亡(16)。这些研究指出一个观点,即足细胞中细胞信号传导的激活和基因表达调节可能是FSGS发展中的早期事件,因此可能对这种疾病的发病起作用。
重要的是要认识到足细胞在肾功能不全的发病和发展中的关键作用这一观点在糖尿病中也是相似的。糖尿病是高度复杂的环境,其中多重贡献途径,如高级糖化终产物的积累/活化、PKC特别是β异构体的活化、以及高血糖本身,都与该病的发病有关(17-19)。足细胞在糖尿病早期被扰乱的证据正在积累,并且它们的产物,如VEGF,可能促使此病中的细胞功能不全(20-25)。如在FSGS和FSGS类疾病中那样,足细胞在肾小球损伤发病和发展中是旁观性的还是参与性的因素这一问题还需严格试验。
尽管抑制RAGE已被应用于治疗糖尿病症状(35),文献尚未提供一种根据,该根据可得出抑制RAGE与其配体的结合可以在治疗或预防肾小球损伤中发挥作用这一结论。
发明概述
本发明提供了抑制受试者肾小球损伤发病的方法,包括给受试者施用预防有效量的试剂,该试剂抑制RAGE和/或RAGE G82S和其配体之间的结合。
本发明进一步提供了治疗受试者肾小球损伤的方法,包括给受试者施用治疗有效量的试剂,该试剂抑制RAGE和/或RAGE G82S和其配体之间的结合。
本发明进一步提供了抑制受试者肾小球硬化症、蛋白尿(proteinuria)或蛋白尿(albuminuria)的方法,包括给受试者施用预防有效量的试剂,该试剂抑制RAGE和/或RAGE G82S和其配体之间的结合。
本发明进一步提供了治疗受试者肾小球硬化症、蛋白尿(proteinuria)或蛋白尿(albuminuria)的方法,包括给受试者施用预防有效量的试剂,该试剂抑制RAGE和/或RAGE G82S和其配体之间的结合。
本发明进一步提供了一种制造物品,包括一种包装材料,所述包装材料中具有抑制RAGE和/或RAGE G82S与其配体之间结合的试剂,其中的包装材料附有标签指示该试剂在抑制受试者肾小球损伤发病中的应用。
本发明进一步提供了一种制造物品,包括一种包装材料,所述包装材料中具有抑制RAGE和/或RAGE G82S与其配体之间结合的试剂,其中的包装材料附有标签指示该试剂在抑制受试者肾小球硬化症、蛋白尿(proteinuria)或蛋白尿(albuminuria)发病中的应用。
本发明进一步提供了一种制造物品,包括一种包装材料,所述包装材料中具有抑制RAGE和/或RAGE G82S与其配体之间结合的试剂,其中的包装材料附有标签指示该试剂在治疗受试者肾小球损伤中的应用。
最后,本发明提供了一种制造物品,包括一种包装材料,所述包装材料中具有抑制RAGE和/或RAGE G82S与其配体之间结合的试剂,其中的包装材料附有标签指示该试剂在治疗受试者肾小球硬化、蛋白尿(proteinuria)或蛋白尿(albuminuria)中的应用。
附图简述
图1.给BALB/c小鼠施用ADR:sRAGE的效果。用ADR或对照(盐水)处理BALB/c小鼠。ADR处理的小鼠接受sRAGE或PBS。在ADR后2周,测定肾重量/体重之比和肾小球系膜面积和肾小球系膜/肾小球分数。N=5只小鼠/组。统计学结果示于图中。
图2.给BALB/c小鼠施用ADR:sRAGE的效果。用ADR或对照(盐水)处理BALB/c小鼠。ADR处理的小鼠接受sRAGE或PBS。在ADR后6周,测定肾重量/体重之比和肾小球系膜面积和肾小球系膜/肾小球分数。N=5只小鼠/组。统计学结果示于图中。
图3.RAGE阻断抑制施用ADR后的蛋白尿(albuminuria)。在ADR后的2和6周,测定尿白蛋白/肌酸酐之比。N=5只小鼠/组。N=5只小鼠/每种条件。统计学结果示于图中。
发明详述
定义
“试剂”应包括,而不限于,有机化合物,核酸,多肽,脂类,和糖类。试剂包括,例如,已知结构和/或功能的试剂,和那些结构或功能尚未知的试剂。
“抗体”应包括,例如,天然存在的和非天然存在的抗体。明确地,此术语包括多克隆抗体和单克隆抗体,及其抗原结合片段。此外,该术语包括嵌合抗体和完全合成抗体,及其抗原结合片段。
如本文所用,术语“抑制”,当和RAGE和/或RAGE G82S与其配体间的结合共同使用时,应意指降低这种结合。在一个实施方案中,“抑制”应指消除这种结合。
“抑制”一种疾病的发病应指降低该病发病的可能性或彻底预防该病的发病。在优选实施方案中,抑制一种疾病的发病指彻底预防该病的发病。
“受试者”应指任何动物,如人,非人类的灵长类,小鼠,大鼠,豚鼠或兔。
“治疗”一种疾病应指减缓、停止或逆转该病的进程。在优选实施方案中,治疗一种疾病指逆转该病的进程,理想地达到消除该病本身的程度。如本文所用,改善一种疾病和治疗一种疾病是等效的。
发明实施方案
本发明提供抑制肾小球损伤并对其进行治疗的方法。本发明基于抑制非糖尿病受试者肾小球损伤与阻断RAGE和/或RAGE G82S功能之间关系的惊人发现。
特别地,本发明提供抑制受试者肾小球损伤发病的方法,包括给受试者施用预防有效量的试剂,该试剂抑制RAGE和/或RAGE G82S和其配体之间的结合。
在本方法的一个实施方案中,肾小球损伤与毒素清除的降低有关。在另一个实施方案中,肾小球损伤与肾小球硬化症有关。在进一步的实施方案中,肾小球损伤与蛋白尿(proteinuria)有关。在更进一步的实施方案中,肾小球损伤与蛋白尿(albuminuria)有关。
在本方法的优选实施方案中,受试者是人类。在一个实施方案中,受试者患有糖尿病。在本方法另一个实施方案中,受试者患糖尿病少于20年。在进一步的实施方案中,受试者未患有糠尿病。在更进一步的实施方案中,受试者正在或将要接受化学治疗药物。在更进一步的实施方案中,所用化学治疗药物是阿霉素。在更进一步的实施方案中,所用化学治疗药物选自下列各项:5-氟尿嘧啶;放线菌素D;α干扰素;博来霉素;顺铂;环磷酰胺;地塞米松;多柔比星;阿法依泊汀;依托泊苷;Gleevec;Herceptin;α干扰素;白细胞介素-2;白细胞介素-11;甲氨蝶呤;Neupogen;氮芥;紫杉醇;泼尼松龙;泼尼松;重组人类红细胞生成素α;利妥昔单抗;他莫昔芬;沙利度胺;长春碱和长春新碱。其它化学治疗药物可以预见,并列于chemocare.com(http://www.chemocare.com/bio/default.sps)。
在本方法的一个实施方案中,所用试剂是可溶性RAGE。在另一个实施方案中,试剂是可溶性RAGE G82S。在进一步的实施方案中,试剂是针对RAGE的抗体。在更进一步的实施方案中,试剂是针对RAGE G82S的抗体。
本发明进一步提供治疗受试者肾小球损伤的方法,包括给受试者施用治疗有效量的试剂,该试剂抑制RAGE和/或RAGE G82S和其配体之间的结合。
在本方法的一个实施方案中,肾小球损伤与毒素清除的降低有关。在另一个实施方案中,肾小球损伤与肾小球硬化症有关。在进一步的实施方案中,肾小球损伤与蛋白尿(proteinuria)有关。在更进一步的实施方案中,肾小球损伤与蛋白尿(albuminuria)有关。
在本方法的优选实施方案中,受试者是人类。在一个实施方案中,受试者未患有糖尿病。在另一实施方案中,受试者正在或将要接受化学治疗药物。在更进一步的实施方案中,所用化学治疗药物是阿霉素。在更进一步的实施方案中,所用化学治疗药物选自下列各项:5-氟尿嘧啶;放线菌素D;α干扰素;博来霉素;顺铂;环磷酰胺;地塞米松;多柔比星;阿法依泊汀;依托泊苷;Gleevec;Herceptin;α干扰素;白细胞介素-2;白细胞介素-11;甲氨蝶呤;Neupogen氮芥;紫杉醇;泼尼松龙;泼尼松;重组人类红细胞生成素α;利妥昔单抗;他莫昔芬;沙利度胺;长春碱和长春新碱。其它化学治疗药物可以预见,并列于chemocare.com(http://www.chemocare.com/bio/default.sps)。
在本方法的一个实施方案中,所用试剂是可溶性RAGE。在另一个实施方案中,试剂是可溶性RAGE G82S。在进一步实施方案中,试剂是针对RAGE的抗体。在更进一步的实施方案中,试剂是针对RAGE G82S的抗体。
本发明进一步提供抑制受试者肾小球硬化症、蛋白尿(proteinuria)或蛋白尿(albuminuria)发病的方法,包括给受试者施用预防有效量的试剂,该试剂抑制RAGE和/或RAGE G82S和其配体之间的结合。
在本方法的优选实施方案中,受试者是人类。在一个实施方案中,受试者患有糖尿病。在本方法另一个实施方案中,受试者患糖尿病少于20年。在进一步的实施方案中,受试者未患有糠尿病。在更进一步的实施方案中,受试者正在或将要接受化学治疗药物。在更进一步的实施方案中,所用化学治疗药物是阿霉素。在更进一步的实施方案中,所用化学治疗药物选自下列各项:5-氟尿嘧啶;放线菌素D;α干扰素;博来霉素;顺铂;环磷酰胺;地塞米松;多柔比星;阿法依泊汀;依托泊苷;Gleevec;Herceptin;α干扰素;白细胞介素2;白细胞介素11;甲氨蝶呤;Neupogen;氮芥;紫杉醇;泼尼松龙;泼尼松;重组人类红细胞生成素α;利妥昔单抗;他莫昔芬;沙利度胺;长春碱和长春新碱。其它化学治疗药物可以预见,并列于chemocare.com(http://www.chemocare.com/bio/default.sps)。
在本方法的一个实施方案中,所用试剂是可溶性RAGE。在另一个实施方案中,试剂是可溶性RAGE G82S。在进一步实施方案中,试剂是针对RAGE的抗体。在更进一步的实施方案中,试剂是针对RAGE G82S的抗体。
本发明进一步提供治疗受试者肾小球硬化症、蛋白尿(proteinuria)或蛋白尿(albuminuria)的方法,包括给受试者施用治疗有效量的试剂,该试剂抑制RAGE和/或RAGE G82S和其配体之间的结合。
在本方法的优选实施方案中,受试者是人类。在一个实施方案中,受试者未患有糖尿病。在另一实施方案中,受试者正在或将要接受化学治疗药物。在更进一步的实施方案中,所用化学治疗药物是阿霉素。在更进一步的实施方案中,所用化学治疗药物选自下列各项:5-氟尿嘧啶;放线菌素D;α干扰素;博来霉素;顺铂;环磷酰胺;地塞米松;多柔比星;阿法依泊汀;依托泊苷;Gleevec;Herceptin;α干扰素;白细胞介素-2;白细胞介素-11;甲氨蝶呤;Neupogen氮芥;紫杉醇;泼尼松龙;泼尼松;重组人类红细胞生成素α;利妥昔单抗;他莫昔芬;沙利度胺;长春碱和长春新碱。其它化学治疗药物可以预见,并列于chemocare.com(http://www.chemocare.com/bio/default.sps)。
在本方法的一个实施方案中,所用试剂是可溶性RAGE。在另一个实施方案中,试剂是可溶性RAGE G82S。在进一步实施方案中,试剂是针对RAGE的抗体。在更进一步的实施方案中,试剂是针对RAGE G82S的抗体。
可基于动物数据采用常规计算方法确定试剂的治疗或预防有效量。在一个实施方案中,治疗或预防有效量包含约1ng到约1g之间的蛋白,依可适用的量。在另一个实施方案中,有效量包含约10ng到约100mg之间的蛋白,依可适用的量。在进一步的实施方案中,有效量包含约100ng到约10mg之间的蛋白,依可适用的量。在更进一步的实施方案中,有效量包含约1μg到约1mg之间的蛋白,依可适用的量。在更进一步的实施方案中,有效量包含约10μg到约100μg之间的蛋白,依可适用的量。在更进一步的实施方案中,有效量包含约100μg到约10mg之间的蛋白,依可适用的量。在更进一步的实施方案中,有效量的试剂,其中所述试剂是可溶性RAGE,以约2μg/kg小时到约100μg/kg/小时(例如,约5、10、25、50或75μg/kg小时)的速率施用于受试者。
在本发明中,可以使用本领域技术人员所知的任何多种方法和传送系统来实现或进行试剂施用。例如,可以静脉内、口服、经植入、跨粘膜、经皮、肌内、和皮下用药。下列传送系统,使用了大量常规应用的药物载体,只是被视为施用本组合物的许多实施方案的代表。
可注射药物传送系统包括溶液、混悬剂、凝胶、微球和聚合注射剂,并可以包括赋形剂如溶解度改变剂(例如,乙醇,丙二醇和蔗糖)和聚合物(例如,聚辛内酯和PLGA’S)。可植入系统包括棒和圆盘,并可以包含赋形剂如PLGA和聚辛内酯。
口服传递系统包括片剂和胶囊。这些可以包含赋形剂如粘合剂(例如,羟丙基甲基纤维素,聚乙烯吡咯烷酮(polyvinyl pyrilodone),其它纤维素材料和淀粉),稀释剂(例如,乳糖和其它糖类,淀粉,磷酸二钙和纤维质材料),崩解剂(例如,淀粉聚合物和纤维质材料)和润滑剂(例如,硬脂酸和滑石)。
跨粘膜传送系统包括补片、片剂、栓剂、阴道栓剂、凝胶和乳膏,并可以包含赋形剂如增溶剂和增强剂(例如,丙二醇,胆盐和氨基酸),和其它载体(例如,聚乙二醇,脂肪酸酯和衍生物,和亲水聚合物如羟丙基甲基纤维素和透明质酸)。
皮肤传送系统包括,例如,水性和非水性凝胶,乳膏,复合型乳剂,微乳剂,脂质体,软膏,水性和非水性溶液,洗剂,气溶胶,碳氢化合物基质和粉末,并可以包含赋形剂如增溶剂,渗透促进剂(例如,脂肪酸,脂肪酸酯,脂肪醇和氨基酸),和亲水聚合物(例如,聚卡波非和聚乙烯吡咯烷酮)。在一个实施方案中,药用载体是脂质体或经皮促进剂。
用于可重构传递系统的溶液、混悬剂和粉末包括载体如悬浮剂(例如,树胶,zanthans,纤维质类和糖类),湿润剂(例如,山梨醇),增溶剂(例如,乙醇,水,PEG和丙二醇),表面活性剂(例如,月桂硫酸钠,司盘类(Spans),吐温和十六烷基吡啶),防腐剂和抗氧化剂(例如,对羟基苯甲酸酯,维生素E和C,和抗坏血酸),防结块剂,包衣材料,和螯合剂(例如EDTA)。
在本发明的一个实施方案中,所用传送系统不仅包括单独的水或单独的缓冲液。
本发明进一步提供一种制造物品,包括一种包装材料,所述包装材料中具有抑制RAGE和/或RAGE G82S与其配体之间结合的试剂,其中的包装材料附有标签指示该试剂在抑制受试者肾小球损伤发病中的应用。本发明进一步提供一种制造物品,包括一种包装材料,其中具有抑制RAGE和/或RAGE G82S与其配体之间结合的试剂,其中的包装材料附有标签指示该试剂在抑制受试者肾小球硬化症、蛋白尿(proteinuria)或蛋白尿(albuminuria)发病中的应用。
在本发明制造物品的优选实施方案中,受试者是人类。在一个实施方案中,受试者患有糖尿病。在本方法另一个实施方案中,受试者患糖尿病少于20年。在进一步的实施方案中,受试者未患有糠尿病。在更进一步的实施方案中,受试者正在或将要接受化学治疗药物。在更进一步的实施方案中,所用化学治疗药物是阿霉素。在更进一步的实施方案中,所用化学治疗药物选自下列各项:5-氟尿嘧啶;放线菌素D;α干扰素;博来霉素;顺铂;环磷酰胺;地塞米松;多柔比星;阿法依泊汀;依托泊苷;Gleevec;Herceptin;α干扰素;白细胞介素-2;白细胞介素-11;甲氨蝶呤;Neupogen;氮芥;紫杉醇;泼尼松龙;泼尼松;重组人类红细胞生成素α;利妥昔单抗;他莫昔芬;沙利度胺;长春碱和长春新碱。其它化学治疗药物可以预见,并列于chemocare.com(http://www.chemocare.com/bio/default.sps)。
在本发明制造物品的一个实施方案中,所用试剂是可溶性RAGE。在另一处实施方案中,试剂是可溶性RAGE G82S。在进一步实施方案中,试剂是针对RAGE的抗体。在更进一步的实施方案中,试剂是针对RAGEG82S的抗体。
本发明进一步提供一种制造物品,包括一种包装材料,其中具有抑制RAGE和/或RAGE G82S与其配体之间结合的试剂,其中的包装材料附有标签指示该试剂在治疗受试者肾小球损伤中的应用。本发明进一步提供一种制造物品,包括一种包装材料其中具有抑制RAGE和/或RAGE G82S与其配体之间结合的试剂,其中的包装材料附有标签指示该试剂在治疗受试者肾小球硬化症、蛋白尿(proteinuria)或蛋白尿(albuminuria)中的应用。
在本发明制造物品的优选实施方案中,受试者是人类。在一个实施方案中,受试者未患有糠尿病。在更进一步的实施方案中,受试者正在或将要接受化学治疗药物。在更进一步的实施方案中,所用化学治疗药物是阿霉素。在更进一步的实施方案中,所用化学治疗药物选自下列各项:5-氟尿嘧啶;放线菌素D;α干扰素;博来霉素;顺铂;环磷酰胺;地塞米松;多柔比星;阿法依泊汀;依托泊苷;Gleevec;Herceptin;α干扰素;白细胞介素-2;白细胞介素-11;甲氨蝶呤;Neupogen;氮芥;紫杉醇;泼尼松龙;泼尼松;重组人类红细胞生成素α;利妥昔单抗;他莫昔芬;沙利度胺;长春碱和长春新碱。其它化学治疗药物可以预见,并列于chemocare.com(http://www.chemocare.com/bio/default.sps)。
在本发明制造物品的一个实施方案中,所用试剂是可溶性RAGE。在另一处实施方案中,试剂是可溶性RAGE G82S。在进一步实施方案中,试剂是针对RAGE的抗体。在更进一步的实施方案中,试剂是针对RAGEG82S的抗体。
在下面的实验细节部分中详解了本发明。这个部分是用于辅助理解本发明但不意味着,也不应被认为是以任何方式限制下述权利要求中所述的本发明。
实验细节
方法
动物研究
六周龄雄性BALB/c小鼠接受单静脉注射剂量的阿霉素(ADR),10.5mg/kg。在ADR注射后,小鼠立即接受每天一次的鼠类可溶性RAGE给药,RAGE的胞外配体结合域,100μg每天,在ADR处理时立即开始,持续到处死当天。
形态学研究
切开的肾在缓冲的福尔马林(10%)中固定过夜,然后通过光学显微镜进行常规处理。切割(3μm厚)固定过的石蜡包埋组织并将其装入涂有3-氨基丙基三乙氧基硅烷(Sigma)的载玻片然后在37℃下温育过夜。用Zeiss显微镜和图像分析系统(MediaCybernetics)将用希夫过碘酸(PAS)染色后的光学显微镜视图扫描到计算机中并定量肾小球系膜基质和肾小球的面积。为了计算肾小球系膜的面积,只包含了无核区域。在染色区域随机选取每个动物中的四十个肾小球(20个选自外部区域,20个选自内部区域)。研究人员进行形态计量法,这些研究人员对实验方案是不知道的。
功能性研究
用代谢箱得到每个动物的二十四小时尿液收集。按照制造商的说明书用Albuwell M和Exocell的肌酸酐测定法(Philadelphia,PA)来测定尿中白蛋白和肌酸酐。
统计学分析
报造了平均值±标准误差(SE)。用ANOVA确定统计学显著性(定义为p<0.05)。按其指示,使用StatView4.0(Abacus Concepts,Inc.,Berkeley,CA)采用Dunnett氏t-检验进行了后期分析(post-hoc analysis)。
结果
RAGE和细胞活化
炎症细胞和足细胞对FSGS发病的作用与最初推测AGE(RAGE)受体的作用有关。RAGE是参与不同分子的细胞表面分子免疫球蛋白超家族的一种多重配体成员(26-27);配体-RAGE相互作用激活了RAGE-介导的效应所需的细胞信号传导途径(象例如NF-kB;p44/p42、p38和SAPK/JNKMAP激酶;cdc42/rac;和JAK/STAT)(28-33)。重要的是,RAGE的胞质尾部的缺失在培养的细胞中和体内赋予显性负效应。
RAGE主要表达于肾小球的足细胞中
这些发现表明肾小球中RAGE表达的主要位点是足细胞,处于低水平的内稳态(34);足细胞RAGE表达在人类和小鼠糖尿病中上调(34)。
为了阐明RAGE可能与ADR-介导的FSGS的发病机理有关这一观点,向六周龄雄性BALB/c小鼠施用单注射剂量的ADR,10.5mg/kg。ADR处理的小鼠接受每天一次的鼠类可溶性RAGE给药,RAGE的胞外配体结合域,100μg每天,在ADR处理时立即开始,持续到处死当天。其它ADR处理的小鼠接受载体,即PBS。在ADR后的2和6周,sRAGE处理的小鼠肾重/体重之比比PBS处理的小鼠显著降低。ADR后的2和6周对肾小球系膜的检测说明ADR施用以时间依赖的方式关联于肾小球系膜面积的增加,并和由PAS染色测得的肾小球系膜基质/肾小球面积分数的增加相关(分别见图1和2)。在2和6周,与PBS处理相比,施用sRAGE导致肾小球系膜面积以及肾小球系膜/肾小球面积之比显著降低(分别见图1和2)。
这些观点的关键试验是阻断RAGE将在多大程度上抑制蛋白尿的发展。将小鼠置于代谢笼内并采集24小时尿液。测定白蛋白和肌酸酐的尿液水平;结果报告为μg白蛋白/μg肌酸酐的形式。在ADR后的2周,PBS处理的小鼠比盐水处理的未接受ADR的小鼠表现出尿中约10倍增高的白蛋白/肌酸酐(809.55±365.85相对于85.78±17.56白蛋白/肌酸酐;p<0.01)(图3)。在接受ADR和sRAGE的小鼠中,白蛋白/肌酸酐水平显著下降(191.08±49.93;p<0.05相对于接受ADR的PBS-处理的小鼠)(图3)。在六周时,结果显著相似。PBS处理的接受ADR的小鼠表现出1,362.96±987.97的尿白蛋白/肌酸酐,相对于未接受ADR的对照小鼠的84.47±49.93;p<0.01(图3)。在sRAGE存在下,ADR介导的蛋白尿被显著降低,至249.76±283.19μg白蛋白/肌酸酐;相对于PBS/ADR p<0.01(图3)。
综上所述,这些发现强烈支持这样的假设,即RAGE活化在肾小球损伤相关机理中发挥重要作用。施用可溶性RAGE在施用肾小球硬化症诱导剂后能显著保护肾小球损伤的形态和功能指标。提议将RAGE阻断作为在这类疾病中预防肾小球损伤一种新方法。
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Claims (70)
1.一种抑制受试者中肾小球损伤发病的方法,包括给所述受试者施用预防有效量的试剂,该试剂抑制RAGE和/或RAGE G82S和其配体之间的结合。
2.权利要求1的方法,其中所述肾小球损伤与受试者体内毒素清除的降低相关。
3.权利要求1的方法,其中所述肾小球损伤与肾小球硬化症相关。
4.权利要求1的方法,其中所述肾小球损伤与蛋白尿(proteinuria)相关。
5.权利要求1的方法,其中所述肾小球损伤与蛋白尿(albuminuria)相关。
6.权利要求1的方法,其中所述受试者是人类。
7.权利要求6的方法,其中所述受试者患有糖尿病。
8.权利要求7的方法,其中所述受试者患糖尿病短于20年。
9.权利要求6的方法,其中所述受试者未患有糖尿病。
10.权利要求6的方法,其中所述受试者正在接受或将要接受化学治疗药物。
11.权利要求10的方法,其中所述化学治疗药物是阿霉素。
12.权利要求1的方法,其中所述试剂是可溶性RAGE。
13.权利要求1的方法,其中所述试剂是可溶性RAGE G82S。
14.权利要求1的方法,其中所述试剂是针对RAGE的抗体。
15.权利要求1的方法,其中所述试剂是针对RAGE G82S的抗体。
16.一种治疗受试者中肾小球损伤的方法,包括给所述受试者施用治疗有效量的试剂,该试剂抑制RAGE和/或RAGE G82S和其配体之间的结合。
17.权利要求16的方法,其中所述肾小球损伤与受试者体内毒素清除的降低相关。
18.权利要求16的方法,其中所述肾小球损伤与肾小球硬化症相关。
19.权利要求16的方法,其中所述肾小球损伤与蛋白尿(proteinuria)相关。
20.权利要求16的方法,其中所述肾小球损伤与蛋白尿(albuminuria)相关。
21.权利要求16的方法,其中所述受试者是人类。
22.权利要求21的方法,其中所述受试者未患有糖尿病。
23.权利要求21的方法,其中所述受试者正在接受或将要接受化学治疗药物。
24.权利要求23的方法,其中所述化学治疗药物是阿霉素。
25.权利要求16的方法,其中所述试剂是可溶性RAGE。
26.权利要求16的方法,其中所述试剂是可溶性RAGE G82S。
27.权利要求16的方法,其中所述试剂是针对RAGE的抗体。
28.权利要求16的方法,其中所述试剂是针对RAGE G82S的抗体。
29.一种抑制受试者中肾小球硬化症、蛋白尿(proteinuria)或蛋白尿(albuminuria)发病的方法,包括给受试者施用预防有效量的试剂,该试剂抑制RAGE和/或RAGE G82S和其配体之间的结合。
30.权利要求29的方法,其中所述受试者是人类。
31.权利要求30的方法,其中所述受试者患有糖尿病。
32.权利要求31的方法,其中所述受试者患糖尿病短于20年。
33.权利要求30的方法,其中所述受试者未患有糖尿病。
34.权利要求30的方法,其中所述受试者正在接受或将要接受化学治疗药物。
35.权利要求34的方法,其中所述化学治疗药物是阿霉素。
36.权利要求29的方法,其中所述试剂是可溶性RAGE。
37.权利要求29的方法,其中所述试剂是可溶性RAGE G82S。
38.权利要求29的方法,其中所述试剂是针对RAGE的抗体。
39.权利要求29的方法,其中所述试剂是针对RAGE G82S的抗体。
40.一种治疗受试者中肾小球硬化症、蛋白尿(proteinuria)或蛋白尿(albuminuria)的方法,包括给受试者施用治疗有效量的试剂,该试剂抑制RAGE和/或RAGE G82S和其配体之间的结合。
41.权利要求40的方法,其中所述受试者是人类。
42.权利要求41的方法,其中所述受试者未患有糖尿病。
43.权利要求41的方法,其中所述受试者正在接受或将要接受化学治疗药物。
44.权利要求43的方法,其中所述化学治疗药物是阿霉素。
45.权利要求40的方法,其中所述试剂是可溶性RAGE。
46.权利要求40的方法,其中所述试剂是可溶性RAGE G82S。
47.权利要求40的方法,其中所述试剂是针对RAGE的抗体。
48.权利要求40的方法,其中所述试剂是针对RAGE G82S的抗体。
49.一种制造物品,其包括一种包装材料,所述包装材料中具有抑制RAGE和/或RAGE G82S与其配体之间结合的试剂,其中所述包装材料附有标签指示该试剂在抑制受试者肾小球损伤发病中的应用。
50.一种制造物品,其包括一种包装材料,所述包装材料中具有抑制RAGE和/或RAGE G82S与其配体之间结合的试剂,其中所述包装材料附有标签指示该试剂在抑制受试者肾小球硬化症、蛋白尿(proteinuria)或蛋白尿(albuminuria)发病中的应用。
51.权利要求49或50的物品,其中所述受试者是人类。
52.权利要求51的物品,其中所述受试者患有糖尿病。
53.权利要求52的物品,其中所述受试者患糖尿病短于20年。
54.权利要求51的物品,其中所述受试者未患有糖尿病。
55.权利要求51的物品,其中所述受试者正在接受或将要接受化学治疗药物。
56.权利要求55的物品,其中所述化学治疗药物是阿霉素。
57.权利要求49或50的物品,其中所述试剂是可溶性RAGE。
58.权利要求49或50的物品,其中所述试剂是可溶性RAGE G82S。
59.权利要求49或50的物品,其中所述试剂是针对可溶性RAGE的抗体。
60.权利要求49或50的物品,其中所述试剂是针对可溶性RAGEG82S的抗体。
61.一种制造物品,包括一种包装材料,所述包装材料中具有抑制RAGE和/或RAGE G82S与其配体之间结合的试剂,其中所述包装材料附有标签指示该试剂在治疗受试者肾小球损伤中的应用。
62.一种制造物品,包括一种包装材料,所述包装材料中具有抑制RAGE和/或RAGE G82S与其配体之间结合的试剂,其中所述包装材料附有标签指示该试剂在治疗受试者肾小球硬化症、蛋白尿(proteinuria)或蛋白尿(albuminuria)中的应用。
63.权利要求61或62的物品,其中所述受试者是人类。
64.权利要求63的物品,其中所述受试者未患有糖尿病。
65.权利要求63的物品,其中所述受试者正在接受或将要接受化学治疗药物。
66.权利要求65的物品,其中所述化学治疗药物是阿霉素。
67.权利要求61或62的物品,其中所述试剂是可溶性RAGE。
68.权利要求61或62的物品,其中所述试剂是可溶性RAGE G82S。
69.权利要求61或62的物品,其中所述试剂是针对可溶性RAGE的抗体。
70.权利要求61或62的物品,其中所述试剂是针对可溶性RAGEG82S的抗体。
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US50066303P | 2003-09-05 | 2003-09-05 | |
US60/500,663 | 2003-09-05 |
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CN1874782A true CN1874782A (zh) | 2006-12-06 |
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CNA2004800316189A Pending CN1874782A (zh) | 2003-09-05 | 2004-09-03 | 治疗肾小球损伤的rage-相关方法与组合物 |
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US (1) | US20070014791A1 (zh) |
EP (1) | EP1660014A4 (zh) |
JP (1) | JP2007504247A (zh) |
CN (1) | CN1874782A (zh) |
AU (1) | AU2004270207A1 (zh) |
CA (1) | CA2536512A1 (zh) |
IL (1) | IL173868A0 (zh) |
WO (1) | WO2005023191A2 (zh) |
ZA (1) | ZA200601810B (zh) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN102089430B (zh) * | 2008-05-09 | 2015-02-04 | Abbvie公司 | 针对渐进性糖化终极产物受体(rage)的抗体及其用途 |
Families Citing this family (14)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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WO2000020621A1 (en) * | 1998-10-06 | 2000-04-13 | The Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York | Extracellular novel rage binding protein (en-rage) and uses thereof |
US7258857B2 (en) * | 1996-11-22 | 2007-08-21 | The Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York | Rage-related methods for treating inflammation |
US6465422B1 (en) * | 1998-04-17 | 2002-10-15 | The Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York | Method for inhibiting tumor invasion or spreading in a subject |
US8067371B2 (en) | 2003-05-09 | 2011-11-29 | The Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York | RAGE G82S-related methods and compositions for treating inflammatory disorders |
AU2005271452B2 (en) | 2004-08-03 | 2011-11-03 | Vtv Therapeutics Llc | RAGE fusion proteins and methods of use |
EA012586B1 (ru) * | 2004-08-03 | 2009-10-30 | Транстек Фарма, Инк. | Rage-слитые белки и способы их применения |
WO2006099620A2 (en) * | 2005-03-17 | 2006-09-21 | The Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York | Rage/diaphanous interaction and related compositions and methods |
CA2634908C (en) * | 2005-12-23 | 2015-05-19 | Gcoder Systems Ab | Positioning pattern |
EA015657B1 (ru) * | 2006-02-09 | 2011-10-31 | Транстек Фарма, Инк. | Слитые белки rage и способы применения |
AU2007226861A1 (en) * | 2006-03-21 | 2007-09-27 | Wyeth | Methods and compositions for antagonism of RAGE |
AU2007248784B2 (en) * | 2006-05-05 | 2013-11-21 | Vtv Therapeutics Llc | RAGE fusion proteins, formulations, and methods of use thereof |
US20080199467A1 (en) * | 2007-02-15 | 2008-08-21 | Mjalli Adnan M M | Immunoglobulin fusion proteins and methods of making |
US20100254983A1 (en) * | 2007-06-07 | 2010-10-07 | Ann Marie Schmidt | Uses of rage antagonists for treating obesity and related diseases |
EP2421892A1 (en) | 2009-04-20 | 2012-02-29 | Pfizer Inc. | Control of protein glycosylation and compositions and methods relating thereto |
Family Cites Families (4)
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US5864018A (en) * | 1996-04-16 | 1999-01-26 | Schering Aktiengesellschaft | Antibodies to advanced glycosylation end-product receptor polypeptides and uses therefor |
US7258857B2 (en) * | 1996-11-22 | 2007-08-21 | The Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York | Rage-related methods for treating inflammation |
US6790443B2 (en) * | 1996-11-22 | 2004-09-14 | The Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York | Method for treating symptoms of diabetes |
US8067371B2 (en) * | 2003-05-09 | 2011-11-29 | The Trustees Of Columbia University In The City Of New York | RAGE G82S-related methods and compositions for treating inflammatory disorders |
-
2004
- 2004-09-03 EP EP04783074A patent/EP1660014A4/en not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-09-03 WO PCT/US2004/028712 patent/WO2005023191A2/en active Application Filing
- 2004-09-03 ZA ZA200601810A patent/ZA200601810B/en unknown
- 2004-09-03 JP JP2006525468A patent/JP2007504247A/ja not_active Withdrawn
- 2004-09-03 CN CNA2004800316189A patent/CN1874782A/zh active Pending
- 2004-09-03 CA CA002536512A patent/CA2536512A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-09-03 US US10/570,674 patent/US20070014791A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2004-09-03 AU AU2004270207A patent/AU2004270207A1/en not_active Abandoned
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Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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CN102089430B (zh) * | 2008-05-09 | 2015-02-04 | Abbvie公司 | 针对渐进性糖化终极产物受体(rage)的抗体及其用途 |
Also Published As
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CA2536512A1 (en) | 2005-03-17 |
WO2005023191A2 (en) | 2005-03-17 |
JP2007504247A (ja) | 2007-03-01 |
EP1660014A2 (en) | 2006-05-31 |
ZA200601810B (en) | 2008-05-28 |
IL173868A0 (en) | 2006-07-05 |
WO2005023191A3 (en) | 2006-06-08 |
AU2004270207A1 (en) | 2005-03-17 |
EP1660014A4 (en) | 2009-07-22 |
US20070014791A1 (en) | 2007-01-18 |
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